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The 2003 Convention and Its Implementation in Bulgaria
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Selected bibliography in the field of Bulgarian Studies published in the current year.
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Articolul analizează imaginea toiagului înflorit în trei vieți ale Sfintei Audrey (sau Etheldreda de la Ely): una în franceză veche și două în engleză mijlocie, precum și în alte texte devoționale. Studiul arată cum, dincolo de cuvinte, imaginile sunt transferate dintr-o limbă într-alta în timpul procesului de traducere. Imaginile vehiculate de texte determină alegerea cuvintelor în traducere. Analiza se bazează pe două extrase în limba engleză medie. Primul este dintr-o ediție inedită a vieții în proză a Sfintei Audrey, acum într-un manuscris de la Corpus Christi College, Oxford, iar cealaltă din viața în proză din manuscrisul Additional 2604 de la Biblioteca Universității Cambridge, un text scris pentru o membră a unei comunități monahale feminine. Textul în franceză veche este preluat din poemul din secolul al XII-lea La vie seinte Audree, nonneyne de Ely, compus de o autoare pe nume Marie — fie Marie de France, celebra poetesă, fie o călugăriță anglo-normandă cu același prenume. Acestor texte li se adaugă alte exemple preluate din surse latine pentru a demonstra interoperabilitatea imaginii toiagului înflorit în literatura medievală.
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Plecând de la o scenă reprezentând Corabia creştinătăţii atacată de duşmanii credinţei, pictată în pridvorul bisericii din cimitirul mănăstirii Hurezi (1699), articolul urmăreşte dezvoltarea temei teologice şi iconografice a Bisericii ca Navă şi cercetează sursele pentru această reprezentare din biserica amintită. În scrierile patristice şi în iconografia bizantină şi medievală occidentală, tema ia forme specific confesionale (arca Petri sau barca Petri, în mediul catolic). În secolul al XVI-lea, pe fondul conflictului confesional catolico-protestant, polemicile încep să dea naştere unor imagini satirice ale unor lupte între două vase pe mare, ilustrând alegoric înfruntările dintre cele două puncte de vedere. Exprimate plastic prin tehnica gravurii, aceste imagini sunt o creaţie a mediului protestant german. În timp ce Contrareforma continuă să folosească motivul alegoric al vasului navigând pe mare ca reprezentare a Bisericii Catolice triumfătoare, mediul protestant dezvoltă o iconografie a Bisericii ca navă asediată pe mare de diverse categorii de duşmani: biserica papală, ereziarhi, evrei şi musulmani, personaje infame ale Apocalipsei. Tipărituri cu astfel de reprezentări ajung şi în estul Europei, inclusiv în mediul Lavrei Pecherska din Kyiv, care folosea surse vizuale germane pentru atelierul său de litografie. Pictorii, gravorii şi desenatorii ucraineni din a doua jumătate a secolului al XVII-lea preiau acest motiv, îl instrumetalizează ca alegorie a Bisericii Ortodoxe asediate şi îl exportă în spaţiile învecinate, în Valahia şi Rusia. Motivul pătrunde în paralel, tot la jumătatea secolului al XVII-lea, şi în lumea grecească, pe canale catolice. Mediul grecesc al Muntelui Athos, prin Nicodim Haghioritul, îl va include ca ilustraţie a Pidalionului (culegere de canoane), la sfârşitul secolului al XVIII-lea.
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The Histories and Film Festival in Râşnov (FFIR—Festiva-lul de Film și Istorii la Râşnov) held its fifteenth edition from 18 to 27 August 2023. ‘Radicalisation’ was the main theme of the festival, namely the fact that “our society seems less and less open to balanced dialogue; everyone defends and imposes their own truth and nuances dis-appear.” Museikon organised a debate on the topic ‘Con-temporary votive depictions—from Stephen the Great to the ktetors of our days’ (Tablouri votive contemporane – de la Ștefan cel Mare la ctitorii de azi) in the Old Church of Râşnov (dedicated to Saint Nicholas), on Wednesday 23 August 2023.
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The article examines the funeral and memorial rites in the village of Breznitsa, Gocedelchev region. The specific local manifestations of the practices studied are presented in comparison with those of the other Muslim communities. Various elements of this rite are described both as prescriptions in the Koran and the Hadiths, and as the narrative tradition of the Bulgarian Muslims. The analysis of the connections between written and oral traditions shows the presence of an untransformed, ancient layer which continues to exist in parallel with the precepts of traditional Sunni Islam, characteristic of Ottoman culture. The field data used is gathered by the author in the period 2021–2023.
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The article traces the processes of development and renewal of instrumental folk music through the practice of three representatives of Limanovi family playing zurna. They are from the village of Debren, Garmen municipality. The father Isuf Bayryamov Limanov (1944–2020) is a performer who masters the old instrumental musical tradition of Gotsedelchev region and passes his skills on to his son Isuf Limanov (1966). Initially, due to the banning of zurna music in the 1980s, he began his clarinet studies, but subsequently established himself as one of the brightest performers mastering the Gocedelchev zurna virtuoso. The grandson Vaidin Limanov (1989) preserves and develops the family tradition through the most modern technologies of keyboard electronic instruments, that have entered the folklore performance. In the art of different generations of musicians, traditions go through processes of rethinking, changing and living their new being.
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The article is based on the results of a nationally representative sociological survey conducted in 2021 within the project “National and European Dimensions of the Contemporary Identity of Bulgarians” (KP06-H50/6/30.11.2020), funded by the Bulgarian National Science Fund. The transformations in the identity of Bulgarian citizens are traced in today’s world of increased mobility, migration and communication with representatives of other ethnicities and nations, which changes the meaning of national borders, eliminates the closedness of national cultures and leads to the formation of a consciousness of supranational or European identity. The analysis of the ongoing processes in the contemporary identity of Bulgarian citizens is based on the understanding of identity as a social construct which has relational and situational/contextual structure, determined by the nature of interaction with “others” and changing over time. The results show that although at this stage the national identity is the leading and determining one in the self-identification of the Bulgarian citizens, the processes of formation of the supranational/European identity have begun and represents an important part of their self-identification. Over 50% of all Bulgarian citizens have consciousness of belonging to supranational structures, i.e., we can talk about processes of formation of supranational identity; and in 30% of them it is a question of a declared consciousness of belonging to Europe, including the identification as citizens of the European Union.
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As a result of the increasing number of Bulgarian-Armenian marriages in Bulgaria since the 1950s more and more people are born and grown up in such interethnic and intercultural settings. The main focus of this study is on respondents who are descendants of Bulgarian-Armenian marriages and the different identifications they construct in their mundane lives. The text will also pay attention to the interlocutors’ notions of homeland and their feeling of territorial identification from national and European perspectives.
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The article concerns Georgian clothing in terms of gender and location. Georgian women`s and men`s clothes are characterized by their set, shape, color and embellishment. The examined material is kept at the national, regional, and private museums in Georgia. Material dates back to the 18th–20th centuries. For comparative purposes, clothes of Near East peoples are pointed out where we can witness its elements. Historic-ethnographic, comparative analytic, photographic, and material collection methods were used during research. Information preserved in the past was gathered with the aid of the historic method and the material acquired was analyzed through the use of knowledge gained in neighboring research disciplines. The means for restoring an overall picture reflecting the past were provided by the comparative analysis method.
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The text offers an analytical look at self-presentation as an element of dialogue in five American audio podcasts about cinema, aiming to outline recurring motifs to highlight some of the ways in which the podcast medium has been adapted to and shaped creatively. The analysis of the observed podcasts shows that the dialogue in them is marked by a play with forms and communicative roles.
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What are the specific characteristics of media coverage of the Gaza conflict? This is the question that prompted the writing of this text. The clash between national security and the norms of international law have placed the fate of journalists in Gaza at the center of discussions regarding freedom of expression in a time of ongoing armed conflict. The realities on the ground have also empowered amateur journalists who, free from professional norms, have begun to cover the conflict in their ownspecific way. The fate of journalists in the enclave has sparked the frustrations of colleagues and media organisations around the world, who have called on the international community to act. It is naive to believe that the wave of protest against Israeli actions will bring about significant change on the ground, but it has shown that freedom of speech and respect for human life are things that we can unite behind as professionals and aspeople.
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Les grands professeurs restent toujours parmi nous. Leur esprit et leur mémoire continuent de nourrir ceux de leurs disciples ; leurs livres prolongent des dialogues alimentés pendant toute une vie. Madame Cătălina Velculescu a été l'un de ces professeurs qui ont marqué plusieurs générations d’étudiants, non seulement par le professionnalisme de son enseignement, mais aussi par son modèle humain. Sa générosité, son dévouement envers ses disciples et sa recherche, sa capacité à fédérer les gens et les idées, sa foi en l’homme, la vie et la parole écrite s’alignent aux valeurs transmises par les textes de la culture roumaine ancienne – culture sur laquelle Cătălina Velculescu s’est penchée durant toute sa carrière et à laquelle sont consacrés ses derniers livres-testament.
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Selected bibliography in the field of Bulgarian Studies published in the current year.
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Content of the main Bulgarian scientific journals for the current year in linguistics, literature, history, folklore, ethnography, archaeology and art studies.
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