Ludilo modernog ratovanja
Iz jednog članka u bečkoj »Panevropi«, od januara 1928, prema »Die Auslese« za februar 1928.
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Iz jednog članka u bečkoj »Panevropi«, od januara 1928, prema »Die Auslese« za februar 1928.
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Духовити енглески књижевник Честертон — G. К. Chesterton —, иаписао je у њујоршком. „Форуму" за јуни 1928 чланак из којега je ово извод, према „Die Auslese" за новембар пр. г..
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The approach taken by the author stems from the experience of the land forces in the theaters of operations as well as from possible scenarios of conflicts in which the engineer support plays an important role. In the Romanian combat manuals there are provisions related to special engineer detachments. However, they have not been sanctioned in the new doctrine of the engineer support in joint operations. According to the author, such error could be corrected. Therefore, some argued and detailed proposals are presented. Among them, the improvement of engineer forces interoperability within NATO and the enhancement of command and control in the field of engineering.
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At no time since the end of the Cold War has the NATO Alliance faced greater challenges to our security than it does today. But NATO is the most successful alliance in history because it has been able to change as the world has changed. For the first 40 years of its life, the Alliance’s focus was collective defence. When the Berlin Wall came down, our focus shifted to crisis management beyond our borders – intervening to stop large-scale bloodshed and keep the peace in the Western Balkans, fighting terrorism in Afghanistan, and tackling piracy off the Horn of Africa.
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The authors discuss the Chinese military concept of three warfares, involving the integration of different techniques, which are specific to psychological, media and legal operations, in the context of active defence. To better illustrate the non-military ways of promoting national interests, some aspects related to the political, economic and financial operations, carried out recently with China’s major involvement, an expression of China’s frequent discontent with its own position in the international and regional financial institutions, are mentioned, being shown that China is interested in developing a comprehensive strategy that, in addition to the military dimension, gives priority to non-military means of action.
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The ambiguity and uncertainty that are characteristic of the current security environment, in general, and of the operational environment, in particular, result in the need to conduct an extremely complex analysis in order to prepare a military force able to achieve success in operations, in an efficient manner. To increase the effectiveness of this process, it is required the involvement of prospective approach, as a way of scientifically generating instruments which serve as pillars for planning military actions. In this article there are presented some defining elements of prospective thinking, some mental mechanisms related to it, along with ways to successfully integrate it into the operational planning at all levels of military art. Conducting a study of the activities involved in the operational planning process considering the prospective thinking as a catalyst is also addressed in the article.
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Afghanistan’s defence and security forces face enormous challenges. They are countering an insurgency of well-equipped guerrilla fighters, who enjoy the unconditional support of organised crime, international terrorists and some neighbouring countries. They are on the front line of the fight against terrorist groups including Al-Qaida, so-called Islamic State and the Haqqani Network. Moreover – as Afghan President Mohammad Ashraf Ghani has said repeatedly – for fourteen years Afghanistan has been in an undeclared war with Pakistan. And it is also believed that the country continues to be the proxy battleground for India and Pakistan, two nuclear powers. It is essential that the international community continues to stand by Afghanistan, building up the capacity of is forces and sustaining them financially until the country is able to do so itself. Not only is this support vital for Afghanistan, it is also in the strategic interest of its international partners.
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The author discusses the HNS concept in the context of NATO adaptation process, showing that it has to clearly state the actions of civil and military authorities to plan and sustain NATO forces so that a rapid response can be guaranteed since the early stages of a threat to security. Therefore, the armed forces along with other state institutions and the society have to conduct defence activities to support the allied forces arrival and deployment. They require immediate situational awareness, rapid decision-making and a comprehensive approach, i.e. the use of both military and civil resources. In case of a threat to national security, the national defence tasks are implemented under the guidelines provided by certain national political leaders, and the following capabilities are guaranteed by the armed forces: warning system; self-defence capabilities; and the host nation support system.
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The current crisis and security events have increased the importance of the Allied Command Transformation ACT as a NATO strategic headquarters, underlining the need for military transformation and revitalising the strategic planning process. Under these circumstances, an enhanced and more active national posture in the relationship with the ACT remains essential in achieving the following goals:(1) leading the military transformation and capability development;(2) enhancing operational commanders’ ability to lead future operations in accordance with the level of ambition;(3) supporting the allied effort to influence the security environment;(4) strengthening the national resilience, in connection with strengthening the allied resilience.
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Garmisch. A fantastical place in the Bavarian paradise. One can find it only by going there, in Fantasia, the world of Michael Ende. To walk the streets, to meet people, to breathe along with them, to admire the houses decorated with painted scenes, some inspired by fairy tales, others by religious motifs, to stop somewhere, anywhere, to look around, to admire the mountains and exclaim: A neverending story. This is Garmisch. A story in which one wants to play a part. Or at least to come back there ...
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The Common Security and Defence Policy remains one of the most visible and concrete actions of the European Union. A notable consequence is that the EU operational commitment through CSDP will continue by developing new potential actions. Operations and missions have been fully successful where member states have provided the necessary resources and have had common political objectives. Therefore, a clear mandate and clear objectives are necessary, as part of the comprehensive approach concept developed at EU level. Clear objectives are set in the long run to allow partner countries and regional organisations to take responsibility for managing issues related to security, a clear connection between the concept of security and that of development existing in this respect.
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Military planning is an iterative process that requires the analysis of all the relevant factors to configure a military mission in order to meet the specific military/political objectives. At the political-strategic level, it includes the analysis of the policy objectives implications, the ultimate goal of the EU, the limitations, as well as the analysis of the required capabilities in order to develop military options, in tune with the capabilities offered or potentially available. The author analyses the process of military planning in terms of the 4 stages of development: political-strategic (EU institutions); strategic-military (OHQ/MHQ); operational (MHQ/FHQ) and tactical (component commands and subordinate units).
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România Militar` and its successor, Gândirea militar` româneasc`, are publications that have accompanied the Great General Staff and then the General Staff for 151 years, namely since its establishment, capturing the development and transformation of this military body as well as its principles of organisation and functioning. The journal was a true pioneer in the field of military culture, grasping the problems faced by the military, analysing them, and providing solutions to improve different situations. Moreover, it has highlighted the main stages the Romanian armed forces and even the society as a whole have undergone, presenting all the events soon after their occurrence. The author emphasises the role played by the publication in increasing the visibility of the General Staff in the context of connecting Romanian military thinking with universal military thinking.
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The article describes the operational-tactical phenomena that were observed and analyzed in different wargames. Research was conducted in a qualitative paradigm, using observation as a data collection method and inductive coding as the main data analysis tool. Thereafter, the findings are connected to the existing operational-tactical concepts and, finally, key aspects of wargame design and emerging concepts for warfare are described. The findings are divided into four categories using operational factors as a framework: time, space, force, and information. First, the study provides evidence in category information, i.e., understanding the end-state (victory condition) is vital for success. Second, the research indicates that operational objectives, operational key terrains, and tactical key terrains are interlinked, and their nature and value should be assessed through such connection. In addition, the study emphasizes how the lines of communication and the enemy’s effects on them affect operational reach. The research also revealed the significant effect of the area of influence (AOI) on the enemy’s speed and formation because of the threat generated in the area of influence that is occupied by a friendly force. Findings in the category ‘forces’ highlight the interdependence between joint functions, intelligence and fires, and explain the effects of electronic warfare and cyber-attacks on operational mobility through the disruption of command and control. In the category of ‘time’, the study emphasizes how the relative nature of time (tempo) can affect both sides and how the season can affect the forces. Thereafter, the article continues with a description of important concepts regarding wargame design: first, victory conditions as a combination of operational factors (emphasizing the element of information) and, second, sequencing the game on an operational level by using different combat functions. Finally, there is a description of the validity and utility of a multi-sensor shooter network, highlighting the possibility of employing wargames in training and force development for multinational joint operations in the Baltic States.
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A recent American publication on mission command philosophy states that “mission command is the exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders in the conduct of unified land operations”1. In the light of NATO understanding of mission command, the American definition seems to be more restrictive in terms of decentralisation for effective mission accomplishment, by using “disciplined initiative”, which may not provide enough room for improvisation in the unforeseen circumstances of the current operating environment. This article analyses the understanding of mission command philosophy and manoeuvrist approach to operations from three perspectives: NATO, the UK and the US.
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Airpower is, on the one hand, an important pillar of the Alliance defence capabilities. On the other hand, in the author’s opinion, NATO air power is in continuous decline. To detail, capabilities deficits continue to grow, which results in the Alliance vulnerability and exposure to the risk of not being able to adequately meet the security needs and the set level of ambition. In addition, the future security environment analysis and prognosis lead to the conclusion that the Alliance will have to operate in a new environment, a complex and multidimensional one, across the full spectrum of objectives and missions, required by a new global balance of power.
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Ajateenijate kompleksuuringut on tehtud alates 2016. aastast. Selle uuringu käigus selgitatakse välja ajateenijate hoiakud Eesti riigi, riigikaitse ja ajateenistuse suhtes nii ajateenistuse alguses kui ka lõpus. Võib pidada loomulikuks, et erineva sotsiaalse taustaga ajateenijatel on mõnes küsimuses erinevad arvamused – nii nagu erinevad inimeste seisukohad soo, vanuse, hariduse, elukoha, majandusliku tausta jms tunnuste kohta ka ühiskonnas tervikuna. Kuid märgatav erinevus eesti ja vene kodukeelega ajateenijate seisukohtade ja hoiakute vahel on ilmsiks tulnud kõikide küsitlustulemuste kaudu ning seda ka erinevate sotsiaal-demograafiliste gruppide kaupa.
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Eesti riigikaitse põhineb reservarmeel, mille ettevalmistus ja väljaõpe toimub kohustusliku ajateenistuse raames. Ajateenistus annab olulised oskused, teadmised ja kogemused ning lisaks toetab individuaalsete võimete arendamist, sealhulgas kehaliste võimete ja füüsilise vormi kujunemist. Rahvusvahelised uuringud rõhutavad järjekindlalt, et füüsiline võimekus on oluline tegur teenistusülesannete täitmisel militaarsfääris. Füüsilise ettevalmistuse osa on mitmene, sest see seondub laiemalt rasketes tingimustes hakkamasaamisega ja on tugevalt seotud vaimse vastupidavuse3, 4 ning võitlusvalmidusega, mida sõjaväelistel ametikohtadel eeldatakse5 . Eestis on ajateenijate ja reservväelaste füüsilist vormi ja võimekust uuritud erinevate uurimisprojektide raames.
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There has been considerable decrease in the danger of armed confrontation in the Euro-Atlantic area and its vicinity. However, the increased risk of local crises and regional conflicts arising is manifest. Thus, the sources of risk for our country are more and more unconventional, but non-military threats may intensify and come from unexpected directions and sources. Even if Romania does not think of any state as being a potential aggressor, in an unfavourable circumstance, it may fall prey to internal, external or combined hostile actions. In this respect, the authors believe that it is necessary for the effects of the changing geostrategic balance to be predicted at all levels and under all forms.
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Endine Ameerika Ühendriikide kaitseminister, merejalaväe kindral James Mattis kirjutab: „Strateegia on väga keeruline, kui sa just diletant pole. Sa pead mõtlema nii, et pea valutab.“ Ühendkuningriigi doktrinaalse mõtlemise kohaselt koosneb võitlusvõime kolmest komponendist: füüsilisest, moraalsest ja kontseptuaalsest. Viimane, st doktriin, on samuti mõttetöö tulem. Ajalugu on korduvalt näidanud, et võidab väejuht, kellel on nutikam plaan ning kes vastase n-ö üle mõtleb ja seda kiiremini teeb. Seetõttu on mõtlemis- ja õppimisvõime, loovus ning originaalsus iga sõjaväelise juhi hinnalised omadused ning sõjaline mõte professionaalse sõjaväe lahutamatu osa.
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