Cultural Capital Accumulation Mechanisms and Their Effects on the Professional Habitus of Romanian Nurses

Author(s): Silvia-Corina POPOVICI NUȚU / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2012

Limited resources and no research exist on the Romanian nursing educational programs during the last decades and on the consequences of the educational changes for the nurses profession and for the medical field. This qualitative research focuses on various forms of formal education that nurses attended in order to obtain professional competences in the last 70 years. The participants to the study were 10 senior nurses and leaders in nursing education from Iasi county and from national level with more than 20 years of clinical practice or involvement in negotiating nursing education in various phases. The study also investigated the characteristics of the social actors in relation to the mechanisms of constructing the cultural and professional habitus and acquiring cultural capital, the impact of the diversity of scolarization forms on the nurses collective identity and group cohesion, as well as the implications on the medical field from the theoretical perspectives of Pierre Bourdieu and Claude Dubar. The findings of this research may shed further light on the effects produced by the changing contemporary nursing education on the reconfiguration of the clinical practice and on the autonomy and internal coherence and cohesiveness of the nurses professional group.

Становление системы ценностей студентов педагогического вуза в период получения высшего профессионального образования

Author(s): Tatyana Vital’evna Ledovskaya,Nikita Eduardovich Solynin,Aleksandr Mikhailovich Khodyrev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2019

Introduction. The article focuses on the implementation of the axiological approach in education. According to this approach, values, which are basic norms and principles determining social consciousness, behaviours and attitudes, should determine the meaning, validity and direction of educational change. So far, however, there have been no comprehensive, fundamental studies which investigated the systemogenesis of values within the framework of teacher education and the dynamics of university students’ value orientations, in particular. In this regard, the aim of this research is to study the development of initial teacher education students’ sets of values during pursuing undergraduate degrees. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out using system-genetic and axiological approaches. The research methodology was also based on the concepts of generational value gaps. Initial teacher education students’ sets of values were studied using the following methods: B. S. Alishev’s Structure of values methodology; B. S. Alishev and E. R. Sageeva’s Individual value orientations in the continuum ‘Me and others’; Comprehensive methods of studying basic social attitudes by B. S. Alishev, G. I. Kashapova, E. R. Sageeva; the Rokeach Value Survey. The sample consisted of 127 undergraduate students. Results. The study has revealed that first-year initial teacher education students do not demonstrate predominance in their value orientations, i.e. they have both altruistic and self-centred values. The second-year students reported increased tendency towards self-centred values. A certain balance in the individual and social orientation of values was observed among the third-year students. The study has also found that fourth-year initial teacher education students give higher priorities to society-oriented values, such as democracy, collectivization, and humanization. These results can be explained by the fact that teaching internships (work placements) and profession-centred curriculum contribute greatly to developing teaching selves and professional identity of fourth-year initial teacher education students. Conclusions. The study has found that initial teacher education students’ sets of values are evolving during the period of pursuing degrees in education. This is due to the fact that adolescence is a period of developing personal identity and worldview which includes values. Academic and professional activities contribute greatly to the development of initial teacher education students’ sets of values.

Формирование культуры мышления у студентов через решение педагогических задач

Author(s): Zhanar Yesentaevna Sarsekeyeva,Nadezhda Alexandrovna Gorbunova,Botakoz Abdrakhmanovna Zhekibayeva,Nazgul Yesentaevna Sarsekeyeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2019

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of developing cognitive culture in undergraduate students pursuing their degrees in education. The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristic features of developing prospective teachers’ cognitive culture by means of solving career-oriented tasks. Materials and Methods. The research methodology is based on the following theoretical methods: analysis and synthesis of research investigations on developing prospective teachers’ cognitive culture by means of solving career-oriented tasks. The authors have also used such empirical methods as questionnaires and mathematical processing of statistical data. Results. The authors have clarified the concept of ‘cognitive culture’ and identified its components. The study has evaluated the level of cognitive culture among first- and fourth-year students studying Education. The authors provide the criteria and indicators for evaluating the investigated quality and present an education technology for solving career-oriented tasks aimed at developing students’ cognitive culture. Conclusions. The study concludes that implementing the technology of solving career-oriented tasks within the framework of initial teacher education (training) contributes to developing students’ cognitive culture as a part of their personal culture.

Мотивационные педагогические условия формирования иноязычной дискурсивной компетенции будущих инженеров

Author(s): Lubov Mikhailovna Gritsenko,Tatyana Alexandrovna Demidova,Irina Victorovna Salosina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2019

Introduction. The authors study the problem of developing foreign engineering students’ discursive competence. The purpose of the article is to identify the motivational educational factors which ensure the effectiveness of foreign language discursive competence formation of engineering students. Materials and Methods. As a research method, the authors used a comparative analysis of theoretical approaches to studying the problem. In this respect, the methodological basis of the research consists of ideas about discursive competence as a set of skills related to the perception and creation of oral and written texts (M.N. Vyatyutnev, T.V. Vasilyeva, G. M. Lyovina), understanding the structure of discursive competence including formal-logical, functional-stylistic and genre-textual components (L.V. Volkova). The main provisions of the modern communicative-cognitive linguodidactic concept were also taken into account (G. M. Levina, I. B. Avdeeva, T. V. Vasilyeva, S. I. Dosko, etc.). The characteristics of the analytical cognitive style of undergraduate students pursuing a degree in engineering were revealed. They allowed the authors to formulate their approach to establishing the principles for organizing the content of training. The research methods included analyzing the results of the experiment control stage and questionnaires. Thirty nine (39) Chinese students pursuing their engineering degrees at National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University took part in the control stage of the experiment. Nineteen (19) students were in the experimental group. Twenty (20) students made up the control one. The results of the experimental group proved the effectiveness of the identified educational factors. In addition, the survey showed a high degree of satisfaction with the learning outcomes among the students. Results. The authors have identified and clarified motivational educational factors which ensure the effectiveness of developing discursive competence. The authors established the criteria for identifying the level of foreign language discursive competence. The principles of realization of motivational educational conditions in accordance with students’ cultural characteristics have been formulated. The features of the discursive competence formation are determined taking into account the use of e-courses for independent work. Conclusions. The authors summarize the following motivational educational factors contributing to formation of foreign language discursive competence: professional orientation, individualization, and taking into account students’ ethnic and cultural characteristics. Conclusions about the features of their implementation in the educational process of a technical university are made.

Особенности реализации компетентностной модели высшего инженерного образования в условиях современного рынка труда

Author(s): Natalia Leonidovna Mikidenko,Svetlana Petrovna Storozheva,Andrey Vasilievich Kharlamov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2019

Introduction. The article examines engineering graduates’ knowledge, skills and personal qualities demanded by innovative branches of the economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of higher engineering education competence-based model within the modern labor market. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the theory of competence-based approach in higher education. The competence-based approach is considered as a basis for the harmonization of educational and professional standards in the aspect of formed competencies. Competences are understood as fulfilling abilities to solve professional tasks effectively within a specific professional field. Students’ attitude to the issues of demand for competencies in the labor market and priorities in the competences formed during their studies at the university were identified on the basis of a survey conducted with undergraduate students of a regional branch university. When interpreting the results, methods of description, comparison, classification and semantic interpretation of data were used. Results. A survey of undergraduate students studying telecommunications was conducted, students' self-assessment their professional competencies and readiness for professional practice were identified, students' opinions on the basic competencies of the engineer were revealed. Students' opinions were compared with the views of employers on the basis of national and regional studies. It is shown that identifying the opinions of undergraduate students allows us to review and adjust their educational strategies which promote employment and career improvements, form a loyal attitude to the need for lifelong education and increase qualifications and successful professional self-realization. Professional motivation, taking into account the competencies demanded by the labor market, and positive attitudes towards the chosen career make it possible to overcome unfavorable contexts of the labor market and create conditions for successful professional socialization with regard to the requirements of innovativeness and social responsibility. Conclusions. The authors summarize the features of competence-based model of higher engineering education in the modern labor market.

Реализация принципа преемственности в подготовке студентов педагогических вузов

Author(s): Nadezhda Victorovna Primchuk,Svetlana Vladimirovna Aranova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of facilitating continuity in contemporary education. The purpose of the research is to characterize the specifics of implementing continuity in university-based teacher education. Materials and Methods. The activity approach was chosen as a methodological foundation of the research. The authors applied the following methods: questionnaires, classroom observation, structured interviews and focus-group discussions of teachers, students and professional tutors supervising initial training students on teaching practice. The analysis and generalization of recent studies on continuity in contemporary education were also carried out. Results. The article reveals the directions of implementing the modern understanding of continuity in education. The authors propose a new format of teaching practice based on “the problem approach” to collaborative interaction of students, school teachers and academic staff. The results of reflexive self-assessments of student teaching are summarized. Conclusions. The authors summarize the specifics of implementing continuity in initial teacher education.

ETHICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES RELATED TO STUDENTS’ ACCESS TO HEALTHY FOOD IN THE UNIVERSITY CAMPUS. A THEORETICAL APPROACH

Author(s): Lavinia-Maria Pop,Magdalena Iorga,Beatrice Gabriela Ioan / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

University years represent a critical period in terms of establishing eating patterns and adapting to a new environment. The largest gain in weight occurs at age 18-29 and can have negative consequences on students` health status. The access of students to a healthy diet represents an ethical and social problem little studied in our country. The present paper wanted to examine the main causes that can lead to unhealthy patterns among students. The theoretic analysis showed that nutritional education, knowledge about food, health beliefs, academic schedule, campus food environment, financial incomes and meals’ costs - all these factors can have positive or negative influences on students’ eating habits. In addition, international students represent a more vulnerable population and one of the main sources of stress of acculturation among international students is represented by the type of food from hosting culture. Given the above, universities must take an attitude and contribute to the development of a healthy university food environment. Implementation of dietary programs to improve the nutritional health of students will inform the student who will be more aware of the consequences of unhealthy foods, poor in vegetables and fruits on mental and physical health, later in life. In conclusion, there are many factors that affect the eating habits among students, It is really useful to know about these factors in order to provide effective education and nutritional care so university must offer equal access to healthy food to all of its students.

MORAL RESPONSABILITY ON BODY, NOWDAYS. THEOLOGICAL REFLECTIONS

Author(s): Gabriel Noje / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

The purpose of this study is to present the principles on which the moral responsibility for the body is based from an Eastern theological perspective. The idea that the man is responsible for the redeeming works of each divine Person on his life and especially on his body is highlighted. Afterwards, there are several ways in which the responsibility can be fulfilled. The moral principles that guide man’s responsibility in relation to his body are the following: moral purity, the attainment of holiness and the possibility of being deified. These are the principles the text tries to highlight in order to counterbalance the permissive and, unilaterally, hedonist principles that distort the contemporary responsibility towards the body. Even if the moral theological principles do not refer directly to it, are also applicable in the Bioethics area as it states that the purpose of the body is not to undergo any alteration by all means of its biological form, but it aims its spiritual transfiguration, through the action of the divine grace.

THE MEDICALIZATION OF SOCIETY. CONCEPTUAL AN ETHICAL CONTROVERSIES

Author(s): Elena Șargu / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

In order to support the evolution of medicine and to overcome the existing challenges, the phenomenon of medicalization becomes more and more remarkable in the field of medicine. Being conscious about the importance of forming a mentality on one's own health is the primary desideratum in a society where pathologies have become more and more numerous due to the distortion of the boundaries between health and disease.

BIOETHIC PREMISSES IN SPIRITUAL ADVICE OF PRISIONERS WITH SUICIDAL ATTEMPTS

Author(s): Viorel Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

The suicides problem concerns several categories of specialists. It becomes a psycho-social problem with spiritual tangents. In prison environments suicides prevail, as a result of an immoral habitat, a private environment and the compulsion of a different lifestyle. A recovery warrant for people with suicide attempt was assigned to the spiritual adviser, which highlights the value of life. The spiritual counseling of the prisoners with suicide attempt proves necessary both for prison environments as well as for the free society.

NON-COMPLIANT PATIENT – ETHICAL VIEWS

Author(s): Andreea-Iulia Someşan / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2018

Romania is among the top of European countries with the highest prevalence of self-medication. A better understanding of the present management of medical non-compliance could have a contribution in understanding and improving, from the ethical perspective, of the medical staff’s behaviour for the purpose to reduce this phenomenon.

Dinamikusan fejlődő, nyitott és áldott szolgálat

Author(s): Judit Ozsváth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2019

Katekéták képzése és pályakezdése a Szeged-Csanádi Egyházmegyében

Author(s): Ilona Gazsó / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2019

Kolping-gyerektábor Ivóban

Author(s): / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2019

Önismereti három nap Csíkzsögödön

Author(s): Erzsébet Kecskés / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2019

Szemléletmód- és módszerváltásra van szükség

Author(s): Judit Ozsváth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2017

Könyvvel-játékkal a hitre nevelés szolgálatában

Author(s): Judit Ozsváth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2017

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies of Participants in Experiential Entrepreneurship Education

Author(s): Asta Kyguolienė,Liudas Švipas / Language(s): English Issue: 82/2019

This study aims to analyse the personal entrepreneurship competencies of students participating in experiential entrepreneurship program. In the theory part, the paper analyses the recent studies done in the entrepreneurship competencies field and discusses the experiential entrepreneurship concept. Research focuses on finding out the level of personal entrepreneurial competencies of participants of experiential entrepreneurship education, also analysing the demographic profile of the respondents, comparing it with the current job status and their entrepreneurial intentions.

Karrierút-mintázatok a szakképzés után

Author(s): Ágoston Horváth,Ágnes Makó,Krisztián Széll / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 4/2019

In this paper career paths and labour market status patterns are examined among young skilled workers after leaving vocational school. The base of the examination is the merged database of a panel survey by IEER that allows the analysis of monthly labour market situation of vocational school graduates between June 2017 and December 2018. Five labour market statuses were identified in the examined period: employed, working-and-studying, student, unemployed, and inactive. Sequence analysis, a new method in vocational education research was used to explore typical career patterns based on monthly labour market data. As a result five clusters can be distinguished: students, entrants to the labour market, working-and-studying, employees, and unemployed/inactive. The analysis of these clusters shows the concentration and reproduction of disadvantages: the situation of the unemployed and inactive groups is determined by the unfavourable socio-economic circumstances of their family.

Modern IKT és hálózatalapú tanulástámogatási lehetőségek a nonformális és informális tanulási folyamatban

Author(s): György Molnár,Zoltán Szűts / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

One of the characteristic features of today's modern societies is communication and interaction is networked based, while many moments of people’s lives can be stored and analyzed in digital form. Non-formal and informal education is gaining more and more leverage. Access to knowledge becomes open, the distance between pupils’ residence and school is less relevant in e-learning, while answers to emigration lie both in informal education and in vocational training. In this talk the authors present a pilot research, and look at the ways of the use of infocommunication tools as discussed in the theoretical introduction, and the same time present an empirical overview through the N = 118 large-scale survey. The research was based on a quantitative questionnaire, which was produced in the spring of 2017. Using the results of the research, it can become a foundation to develop and expand the basic elements and frameworks of a methodological culture, and adapted in micro learning environments.