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"Dashed Hopes and Good Intentions": A Bourdieuian Reading of Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

Author(s): Ebrahim Salimi-Kouchi,Mohsen Rezaeian / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Pierre Bourdieu's investigation into the mechanism of power relations in any given society emphasizes that culture is firmly embedded in social lives of agents. An agent engages in some social competitions, struggling with others and his or her own limits. Applying the metaphor of "game" to social life, Bourdieu believes that people, in order to accumulate more capitals, participate in intense social competitions. Edward Albee's Who's Afraid of Virgina Woolf raises some questions about the nature of power, language, and their intersection. The lives of the characters are not far removed from how they experience power relations in a college campus, a microcosm of American society. Putting into practice Bourdieu's theory of practice, this article analyzes the influence of the accumulation of capitals in the lives of George and Martha, the role of the imaginary child as a part of American dream and its significance to the couple's lives, and ultimately the use and abuse of language in their ways of communication.

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Panuje rovnováha mezi pracovním úsilím a odměnami u profesionálů v dlouhodobé péči?

Author(s): Blanka Jirkovská / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2016

Model Effort Reward Imbalance (ERI) belongs to the basic concepts of mapping workplace stress. It examines the relationship between the long-term subjectively perceived level of workers’ effort and rewards and analyses the physical and psychosocial consequences of the (im)balance. We conducted verification of the ERI model on a sample of Czech professionals caring for the elderly in 2014 (N = 265). The survey included 12 facilities providing health and social services for the elderly. It was divided into 4 groups according to two criteria: facilities providing residential/field services and “medical” / “social workers”. We found that the majority of professional caregivers suffer from imbalance between higher effort and lower rewards and this discrepancy is reflected in the reduction of their well-being. The level of imbalance differs among defined groups. The outputs correspond to foreign studies and confirm the validity of the ERI model.

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Dialog i relacje między dorastającymi dziećmi a rodzicami na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w V Liceum Ogólnokształcącym w Krakowie

Author(s): Aleksandra Guśpiel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

The paper presents empirical research conducted in the senior class at High School No.5 in Kraków, one of the most prestigious high schools in Lesser Poland. The paper shows the opinion of adolescents in relation to their relationship with their parents and focuses on quality and scope of dialogue in modern Polish city families. Dialogue can either be based on partnership and respect for the dignity of the child, or it can be a pseudo-dialogue which lacks honesty, acceptance, patience, involvement and the ability to listen.

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Psychospołeczne zagrożenia zawodowe w środowisku funkcjonariuszy Służby Więziennej

Author(s): Marta Kierska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

The article presents the results of research aimed at identifying psychosocial occupational hazards present in the isolated working environment which is the prison. The study focuses on security department officers, who have the most intensive contact with prisoners. This section is responsible for the safety of not only prisoners, but also other employees of the penitentiary. This all means that the security department officers are exposed to many job stressors which often cannot be eliminated, and therefore only counteracting the effects of their actions remains to them.

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Wielofunkcyjne centrum pomocy dla dzieci, młodzieży i rodzin – nowatorskie rozwiązania placówki Leinerstift w Niemczech

Author(s): Liliana Kołodziejczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

The aim of this paper is to present the activities of a multi-purpose institution for children, young people and families in Groβefehn, Germany. The institution has a multiplicity of innovative solutions, humanization in the process of educational and social rehabilitation, as well as a complexity of work not only with children but also with their families. There are no similar institutions in Poland, so author will present the model used in Leinerstift as an example of solutions, perhaps imperfect but definitely interesting and often controversial.

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Analiza Statusu Organizacji Pożytku Publicznego [OPP]. Stowarzyszenie Niezależne Zrzeszenie Studentów Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego [NZS UWr] jako jednostka planująca uzyskanie statusu OPP – analiza SWOT

Author(s): Anna Maciąg / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

The status of Public Benefit Organization is specifically and voluntary work. The provisions of the act define which organizations can gain such status, what benefits they may receive (e.g. tax exemptions) as well as their obligations. An analysis of the regulations assesses if and when the Independent Students’ Association of the University of Wroclaw may acquire the status of Public Benefit Organization and what privileges and obligations this would bring.

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Chosen Problems of Forecasting Social Phenomena

Author(s): Łukasz Donaj / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2012

Forecasting is understood as predicting based on specific trustworthy data. Futurology in turn is the science of predicting the future. In the course of forecasting, we also aim to determine the conditions for the evolution of the analysed phenomenon. A forecast prepared for this purpose must take account of the known relationships, types, and intensity of external influences and internal changes expected in the development of the phenomenon under investigation. Forecasting social phenomena can in many ways be difficult. The reason is that it is the nature of these phenomena to be closely and multilaterally linked with physical, biological, and other social phenomena. Thus, making judgements about the future course of social phenomena, which, unlike physical phenomena based on “strong” science, are dependent on a large number of factors with varying degrees of stability is a complex task. The aim of the publication is an analysis of selected issues that affect predicting social phenomena, hence the paper discusses issues such as qualitative character of social science laws; Oedipus effect; syndromatic nature of social phenomena; evolving nature of social reality; substantive rationality and methodological rationality etc.

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Ekonomia umiaru a sprawozdanie ze społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu

Author(s): Mirosława Kwiecień / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2017

The aim of this article is to present a new form of reporting information in the context of economics of moderation. Considerations included in this publication are a form of synthesis of the ongoing debate in this country and abroad. This is debate about the changes in the reporting of information and about the achievements of economic organization in the context of maintaining the capital, which is in accordance with a new pragmatism in economics – economics of moderation, which means the economic practice of long-term socio-economic development.The hypothesis of the article can be encapsulated as a statement that the development of the theory of stakeholders or economics of moderation is reflected in accounting in the mainstream of the so-called reporting of social responsibility. The basic methods of research used in the article were those of cognitive action, namely logical reasoning and critical analysis of the literature.The subject of discussion is the corporate reporting or analysis of solutions used by major companies listed on the GPW Stock Exchange in Warsaw. The article presents the essence of economics of moderation and the theory of stakeholders as a new challenge for accounting,especially for reporting.

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Comparing proportions of sensitive items in two populations when using Poisson and negative binomial item count techniques

Author(s): Barbara Kowalczyk,Robert Wieczorkowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Sensitive attributes are extremely difficult to be measured directly. Recently new indirect methods of questioning, called Poisson and negative binomial item count techniques, have been proposed by [Tian et al. 2014]. This paper focuses on important problem of comparing proportions of sensitive items in two populations when using new indirect method. Proper statistical theory is introduced, including tests for equality of two sensitive proportions followed by derivation of their asymptotic power functions. Simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the problem.

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The Problem of Polish (Self-)Stereotypes. The Perspective of Applied Cultural Studies

Author(s): Przemysław Rotengruber / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The aim of the study is to analyze the stereotype of the Pole in the context of the Applied Cultural Studies perspective. Four basic areas of research can be discerned: other people’s variable associations concerning Poles; other people’s prejudices and generalizations that influence their attitude towards Poles; the results of Poles’ self-evaluation made on the basis of their current experience; the “social frameworks of memory” which shape the Poles’ ideas concerning their place in history. Since the purpose of this investigation is to reconstruct the mechanism of self-stereotyping, which involves scholars as much as the society they serve, contingent feelings about their situation are of secondary importance.

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The Calling of Sociology: Beyond Value-detached Professionalism and Partisan Activism

Author(s): Davorka Matić / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Michael Burawoy’s project of public sociology provoked major debate within the sociological community about the tasks and nature of the discipline. While most participants in the debate are sympathetic to his call for a more publicly engaged sociology, many criticise him for politicising the discipline and claim that sociologists should not devote their work to promoting social justice or certain political agendas but concentrate instead on building an objective, evidence-based knowledge of society. This article argues that neither Burawoy’s public sociology nor the so-called scientific sociology constitute a proper way to address the problems of sociology’s identity crisis and its growing public irrelevance. It is suggested that Karl Mannheim provided the best answer to the questions of what it means to practice sociology and for what purposes it should be practiced. Following Mannheim’s line of thinking, the article argues that the real issue is not whether sociologists should be committed to promoting social justice or accumulating objective knowledge about society, but whether they can offer a comprehensive interpretation of the current situation and develop effective strategies to transform the existing patterns of society.

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Zjawisko prostytucji – analiza teoretyczna

Author(s): Joanna M. Domańska / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 1/2017

Prostitution is considered to be one of the world’s oldest pathologies. Prostitution is a part ofa social reality and as such a phenomena, it functions in the social space despite any moral standardsor legal issues connected with it. It doesn’t mean, however, that in the area of our culture prostitutionis, undoubtedly, considered to be the mean of objectifying a person who sells not only his or herbody, but also dignity.Prostitution is a very complex phenomenon due to gender and age of the people who earnmoney in such a way, but also due to the place where they do it as well as the remuneration and itsamount. All those factors determine why people get to work as prostitutes in the first place.Prostitution has implications in orphanism. Being an orphan is often connected with frequentchanges of the places one lives and the environment one is a part of, something which makes theprocess of a child socialisation much harder and has a misinformation influence of his or her psyche.Such factors as the lack of emotional stability, frequent changes in the expectations articulated by theimportant people and a confusion as to how to behave because of the them, the lack of the sense ofsecurity, the change of authorities, they all may cause not only emotional disorders, but they canchange the child’s whole personality. Personality factors are also very important as far as prostitutionis concerned. A prostitute’s personality is often disturbed by the lack of normal emotional contactsand relationships, which leads to the emotional hunger and emotional disability.The prostitution itself is a complex phenomenon which engages many people. In Poland thereare at least a few thousands of people who work as prostitutes; the number includes women, boys,the procurers, the owners of the service establishments, doctors, bodyguards, accountants and manymore. An increase in agency-like services has been noticed, as well as seeking a partner for sponsorship(paying for studies, exotic holidays or shopping). On Polish websites there are over one thousandof prostitute offers, regardless of gender. It should be stressed that the majority of the prostitutionservice is strongly connected with organized crime, which, on the other hand, is dangerous forthe whole society and country.

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CECHY PSA-KANDYDATA DO SŁUŻBY W POLICJI W KATEGORII PIES PATROLOWO-TROPIĄCY

Author(s): Mariusz Bąk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The aim of article is to present, describe and explain of desirable features of dog candidate to Police. The most applicable dog breeds and their character traits are shown. Article also relates to health requirements, contained in proper internal documents.

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ГЕНЕТИЧКИ ИДЕАЛИЗАМ И СТРУКТУРА ДРУШТВА

Author(s): Nikolay Konstantinovich Pechenin / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 143/2013

The article introduces the reader to the problem of relations between scientific theory and idea. Out of these relations genetic idealism is born. The genetic idealism distorts reality, but it allows the researcher to make complete theory. The genetic idealism of the society researchers is described in this work. It is shown how the partial neutralization of idealism allows us to study the genetic structure of society through the structure of the habitus. The society structure is presented as the sum of the links between social institutions.

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Yuletide Ideology as Advertising Ideology an Historical Illumination from Saint Nicholas to the Present Day

Author(s): Taofeek Olaiwola Dalamu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The study traces the historical phenomenon of Saint Nicholas, the renowned icon known as Santa Claus. The objective is to demonstrate how advertisers have seized the virtues of Santa Claus as an article of persuading consumers. Owing to the interdisciplinary nature of this enquiry exemplified in the domains of history, linguistics and advertising, the concept of ideology enraptured in interpellation is adopted as both the analytical tool and discursive assistant to unravel the data meaning-making potentiality. The author utilizes twelve adverts associated with Santa Claus as illustrations in which six of them are from the Coca-cola Company® as a reference of honour as well as a signal to the role the institution plays in promoting the heroic persona. The study reveals the universality and acceptability of Santa Claus in global affairs during the Yuletide season. That hegemonic influence is perceived as motivation for advertisers to project Santa Claus in a civilized way as a cook, a dove or an angel, a car lover or owner, an alcoholic or a lover of alcohol, and a banker. Santa Claus with his traditional values enthralled in kindness to humanity is further represented as a parsimonious person somehow addicted to sugary contents without any unhealthy resultant effects. In all, the traditional etiquette of Santa Claus established by Saint Nicholas and promoted by Coca-cola®, the study suggests, is worthy of emulation for all. Perhaps, through such characteristic adoption the political violence and terrorism intimidating the world can be laid to rest in no time and at less cost.

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EDUKATIVNI POTENCIJAL SUPKULTURA MLADIH

Author(s): Šahim Kahrimanović,Šejla Kadribašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2018

The lack of wider interest of the academic community to study the formation of sociology of subculture and its effects in a time of globalization processes, is manifested by the accentuated progression of texts dealing with the thematization mostly of their negative effects, which are the object of study of social pedagogy and social work. Because they are considered a sociological construct of younger generations, it often happens that young people are better acquainted with subcultures than adults. In this regard, the need to illuminate this phenomenon was imposed from the perspective of sociological and pedagogical thought. The aim of the paper is to try to present the positive effects of youth subcultures, whose activism against violence at the Roskilde Festival in Denmark gave rise to the idea of a " The Living Library" project as one of the more positive examples of promoting interculturalism and getting to know the Otherness. This project offers a micro-relationship with the Other, which in a concrete and simple way shows the process of learning for interculturalism. The following organizers at Sziget Festival in Budapest show that the methodology of "The Living Library" is a universal example of the process of intercultural learning. From the initial idea of active dealing with violence, the idea has expanded to a wide range of issues that engulf younger generations, so this practice offers the introduction of the Other and Others, reduces prejudice, develops critical thinking, and creates a sense of belonging to a socially engaged group that "undermines" dominating mainstream. We can see that youth subcultures are a powerful postmodern instrumentation of the creative learning process, in which the learning process takes place alongside the development of a sense of belonging as a developmental stage of identity formation during the adolescence period.

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Use of cues in forecasting tasks: Evidence from sport predictions

Author(s): Norbert Becser,Bálint Esse,Richard Szántó / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

We asked Hungarian students to make soccer forecasts for a round of the Chilean Primera División, which was selected to minimise recognition heuristics, as this league is not followed by Hungarian soccer fans. Students made their forecasts based on cues about the teams. They received sets of cues of different quality based on previously composed expert evaluations of the given information. Although there were interesting findings regarding expertise and gender differences, the central question concerned how students evaluated the cues they received. Results show a pattern that we interpret as the contrast effect in information sets, which is present independent of gender or expertise.

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Реализация программ наставничества одаренных школьников в зарубежных странах

Author(s): Elena Aleksandrovna Dudina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2018

Introduction. The article studies mentoring as a specialized form of individual educational support and guidance of gifted and talented students whose special needs cannot be met in schools. The purpose of the research is to summarize the main aspects of developing and implementing mentoring programs for gifted and talented students in foreign countries. Materials and Methods. The research methods include an analysis of mentoring programs for gifted and talented children and youth in foreign countries based on a range of theoretical works by foreign and Russian scholars and research reports of practitioners, generalization and systematization of obtained data. Results. The research reveals interdisciplinary and interinstitutional approach to development and implementation of mentoring programs for gifted and talented children and youth in foreign countries. The author introduces classification of mentoring programs according to the types of participating gifted students: developmental mentoring programs aimed at successful gifted children and youth and remedial mentoring programs for challenging types of gifted students (underachieving, twice exceptional, underrepresented, etc.). The author argues that specific features of mentoring programs for gifted students depend on their age. Mentoring programs for primary schoolchildren and young adolescents focus on engaging them in a topic or domain and developing the needed skills, knowledge, and values. Mentoring programs for high school-age gifted students deal with talent differentiation, career choice and career goal clarification. Conclusions. The author has summarized international experience of developing and implementing mentoring programs aimed at meeting special educational, social and emotional needs of gifted and talented children and youth. Specific features of developing and implementing mentoring programs for gifted and talented children and youth in foreign countries have been identified.

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Economics of moderation and reporting corporate social responsibility

Author(s): Mirosława Kwiecień / Language(s): English Issue: 6_EN/2017

The aim of this article is to present a new form of reporting information in the context of economics of moderation. Considerations included in this publication are a form of synthesis of the ongoing debate in Poland and abroad. This debate concerns the changes in the reporting of information and achievements of economic organizations in the context of maintaining the capital, which is in accordance with a new pragmatism in economics – economics of moderation, which means the economic practice of long-term socio-economic development. The hypothesis of the article can be encapsulated as a statement that the development of the stakeholder theory or economics of moderation is reflected in accounting in the mainstream of the so-called reporting of social responsibility. The basic methods of research used in this article were those of cognitive action, namely logical reasoning and critical analysis of the literature. The subject of discussion is the corporate reporting or analysis of solutions used by major companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The article presents the essence of economics of moderation and the stakeholder theory as a new challenge for accounting, in particular for reporting.

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AM I A GOOD CAREGIVER FOR YOUTH AT RISK? SOCIO-EDUCATIONAL WORKERS’ PERCEPTION OF SELF-EFFICACY THROUGH THE LENS OF ATTACHMENT THEORY

Author(s): Levi Sudai Pazit / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

“Have I succeeded in helping the youths I care for? Does our relationship enable the youths to make a progress? To feel better?” These questions are frequently raised during the supervision sessions with the socio-educational workers (SEWs) of the Youth Advancement Units . SEWs provide care for youths, many of whom have dropped out from formal educational frameworks in Israel. The main role of these workers is to enhance the youths, integrating them in society by establishing a personal relationship and promoting interventions. More than once, the SEW have to cope with complex tasks in their work. Moreover, they encounter professional and personal difficulties leading to a sense of frustration, failure, and rejection. A high perception of self-efficacy enables the SEWs to experience the difficulties as challenges, believing that they can promote these youths and attain success in their work, despite the difficulties. Conversely, SEWs with low perception of self-efficacy experience the difficulties as threats and believe less in the ability of the youths to change. This article examines the benefit and importance of another variable that facilitates the work with youths in situations of risk, as such, it may contribute to the perception of self-efficacy, the attachment style of socio-educational workers, when at the core of their work these workers must build a safe and beneficial relationship and be a significant adult for youths at-risk.

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