Znaczenie religijności w formowaniu jakości życia małżonków

Author(s): Dariusz Krok / Language(s): Issue: _/2012

Precise analyses of social life show that many people use religious and spiritual beliefs as criteria when seeking a marriage partner. They strongly feel that the person they are going to marry should have similar or even the same religious beliefs and convictions. A review of religion-family literature presents mainly positive correlations between marital satisfactionand various dimensions of religion, e.g. active involvement in a faith community, service attendance. In that case, discussing the role of religion in a marital system is needed. The aim of this article is to examine the significance of religiousness in forming spouses’ quality of life. Evidence indicates that there are three main areas in which religiousness is tied to spouses’ quality of life: (1) global marital satisfaction, (2) marital commitment, and (3) marital conflict-resolution strategies. The results show that more frequent church attendance and the personal relevance of religion relate to greater marital satisfaction. The relations between religiousness and marital satisfaction are moderated by two important factors: spouses’ mental health and the frequency of church attendance. Greater religiousness is consistently connected to greater marital commitment. Religion also offers couples guidelines suggesting how to resolve conflicts after they erupts. As a consequence religiousness is linked to more constructive conflict-resolution strategies, less frequent conflict and better communication patterns. Religion does not provide an unfailing guarantee for happy marriage. Nevertheless, it offers a chance to considerably improve spouses’ quality of life.

Book review of Cultures of Mediatization by Andreas Hepp

Author(s): Saiona Stoian / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

Book review of Cultures of Mediatization by Andreas Hepp, Cambridge, Malden: Polity Press, 2012, 180 pages

ANALIZA REPREZENTĂRII SOCIALE A CERSETORULUI ÎN ROMÂNIA, ÎN FUNCTIE DE GEN SI VÂRSTĂ

Author(s): Carina Herbei,Monica Albu,Carmen Vasar / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2015

Through this research we aimed to identify the similarities and differences between men and women, and between two groups of age (19–35 years and 36–65 years) in terms of the social representation of the beggar, in Romania. We used four samples of participants, formed depending on gender and age: 26 men aged between 19 and 35 years, 31 women aged between 19 and 35 years, 30 men aged between 36 and 65 years and 31 women aged between 36 and 65 years. We established that, for all the samples, the content of the social representation of the beggar is the same, beeing built-up by nine terms: poor; compassion; lazy; dirty; with disabilities, ill; person who pretends; homeless; exploited (put by others to beg), and gipsy. The central node of the social representation, in all the samples, is the term poor. However, the structure of the social representation differs between the samples.

Biološki determinizam u društvenoj praksi

Author(s): Biljana Stojković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 86.32/2016

Gondolatok Bruder Emese Kik a szegények Európában? című tanulmánya kapcsán

Author(s): Csaba Andor / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 04/2014

DEMOGRAFSKO-STRUKTURNE PROMJENE U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI NAKON DEJTONSKOG MIROVNOG SPORAZUMA

Author(s): Jusuf Žiga / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2016

Although the Dayton Peace Agreement respects the ethnic, religious and cultural multilateralism of Bosnian-Herzegovinian society, in relation to the pre-war period, this multilateralism has undergone radical changes. In addition to the suffering of many people during the war and the massive forced displacement of population both to other countries, and within Bosnia and Herzegovina, negative demographic-structural trends have continued in the post-war period. There was a drastic fallin the birth rate, an increase in mortality and the average age of the local populace, emigration of young people of fertile age continued, as well as the emptying of rural areas, and the uncontrolled influx of population to urban centres that cannot provide the appropriate conditions for life. There was a deterioration of the earlier (pre-war) ethnological diversity of the society that characterized it throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina, and which, as a civilizational treasure,developed in this area over centuries.There was a territorial re-constitution of this country, whereby natural traits of the regions and subregions were disregarded, ie. geosystems, especially in terms of the entity demarcation, and in some cantons in the Federation of BiH. There was rather insistence on conqueringand “appropriation” of certain territories only for one of the peoples that live in this country.

Die Polen angesichts der Umbrüche im politischen und gesellschaftlichen Bereich. Ein Vierteljahrhundert nach der Unabhängigkeit Polens

Author(s): Józef Stala / Language(s): English,German Issue: 1/2015

Financial, political, ideological, sociological, cultural and existential transitions in Poland are experienced as a far more complex process than what it seemed in the begin-ning. The challenges Poles are facing in a new, democratic society, in some ways, are more demanding than those in a socialist one. In this article, the author presents sociological data, gathered by the Public Opinion Research Centre in Poland, showing the public opinion about the change in the system since 1989. The evaluation of the social consequences of transformation is not unequivocal. 37% believe that the post-1989 changes brought more benefits than losses to the people. On the negative side, Poles note the increase in indi-vidualism and weakening of interpersonal ties. Negative public sentiment grew in Poland especially after 2009, five years after Polish accession to the European Union when the average salary of Poles accounted for about 25–30% of earnings in Western Europe, many people could not find employment in Poland and so they had to migrate to Western Europe.

Особе с ометеношћу и запошљавање, интимне везе, брак и родитељство

Author(s): Marija Cvijetić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 152/2015

This paper deals with the participation of people with disabilities in the society. Participation is one of the central concepts in international documents that were created under the influence of the social model of disability, which has shifted the focus of responsibility from one’s impairment to his/her environment. Review of experiences of adults with disabilities regarding the obstacles they face in relation to employment, intimate relationships, marriage and parenthood shows that the intensity and quality of participation of people with disabilities depend on a complex interaction between a person’s characteristics and specificities and his/her immediate and wider environment.

Savetovalište za slepu i slabovidu decu i njihove roditelje na teritoriji Srbije

Author(s): Zorica Savković,Vesna Tigić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3-4/2017

In this paper we provide a draft for the organization of counseling for the blind and weak sighted children and their parents. By studying this problem over a long period of time and by observing the accompanying shortcomings that the blind and weak sighted children encounter, as well as their parents, and guided by the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, we came up with the idea for this paper. In the paper we focused our attention on the organizational problems and their possible solutions as well as the goals of the institution in question.

Diferenţe de supervizare între serviciile sociale din mediul urban şi rural

Author(s): Adriana Florentina Călăuz / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

The aim of the proposed study is to realize a comparative analysis between social services in rural and urban areas regarding the implementation of professional supervision.The objectives of the study are to analyze the implementation of supervision in social services that has been realized from the perspective of the following aspects: ways to achieve the supervision; who is the supervisor; supervising functions; frequency of supervisory meetings; the supervisory methods used; the extent to which supervision is found in the regulations governing the organization and functioning of the institutions, in job descriptions, activity reports.The research group consisted of 116 social workers, 40 of whom were active in social services in the rural area and 76 in urban services, all of them in the area of Maramureş County. To carry out this study, an analysis questionnaire was used with a total of 16 questions on the objectives. The satisfactory analysis was performed using the SPSS-variant 11 program, with cross-sectional analyzes (to obtain the Chi-Square coefficient).The results give us an overview of the various aspects of supervision in social work practice. Proposals accompanying these analyzes may also make possible future action paths on the line of supervision to improve the quality of social services provided

Różne oblicza zazdrości wśród swingersów. Badania pilotażowe

Author(s): Agnieszka Demczuk,Andrzej Cudo / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

Aim of the study. Swinging is a relatively new phenomenon in Poland. Due to this reason, a number of ethical and psychological questions have grown around the issue. The aim of the following research is to investigate the effects of jealousy on the people involved in swinging. Material and methods. The 49 people involved in exchanging partners have been examined. Only 28 of them met the proper criteria of swinging. The research used the author’s own questionnaire concerning jealousy. Results. Most of the participants involved in swinging, regardless of their gender, feel jealous of their partner (60.7%) and know that he/she also feels the same (75.0%). Furthermore, a significant number of participants declare that knowing that their partner is jealous gives them pleasure (53.6%). Conclusions. The group of Polish swingers is no different from the group of swingers described in the studies carried out abroad in terms of disclosure and understanding of jealousy.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC PROCESS: AN ANALYSIS OF CLIENTS' AND PSYCHOTHERAPISTS’ PERSPECTIVES

Author(s): Angelica HÎRJU / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

Studying the perceptions of the therapists and the clients on the meaning of psychotherapy is important because through them one can grasp some of the realities of therapy that cannot be studied through conventional quantitative research. Reintroducing a phenomenological perspective may further ease our understanding of psychotherapy in general. In this study, the action of giving significance to one’s experience is used to describe the perceptions of the psychotherapists (N=137) and the clients (N=103). The analysis used in the study, a version of grounded theory research, revealed that when it comes to the significance given to therapy, psychotherapists and clients tend to have similar opinions. The categories found in the clients verbatim were self-knowledge, personal development, answer, help, healing and others and in therapists’ responses were: self-knowledge, healing, solution, personal development, change and others. The different themes were help for the clients and change for therapists. The difference in the analysed categories is a conceptual one, psychotherapists tending to be more idealistic in their meaning giving process than clients.

Alienarea omului modern

Author(s): Tincuţa Racheru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4/2015

This article tries to analyze the alienation of modern human being. Modernity means positivity: it is described as something that must be fought relentlessly and worth the sacrifices to achieve it. This is unusual, because the very nature of modernity is generally known as„unambiguous ambiguous” with positive and negative traits, emancipatory and exploiting inseparably intertwined. It is said that the positive features have enhanced progress and better standards of life. Examples include widespread literacy, urbanization, industrialization. By contrast,negative traits were due to opposing phenomena: alienation, mining etc. In almost natural alienation this modern duality is perceived as having its origins in the very concept of rationalism of the Enlightenment project broadcast (which, in turn, as everyone knows, is supposed to be the fountain of modernity). In contrast, post‑communist societies seem to disregard this nature contradictory and insists to cultivate their own modernity unambiguous „desirable”. The alienation of modern being is realized on three levels: removal of society, of religion and of past values.

Asistenţa socială a persoanelor cu dizabilități în legislația română

Author(s): Ioan Ștefan Tohătan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

Social assistance is a reality as old as human history, for at least two reasons: first of all, all collectives have always had individuals who, for genetic, natural or social reasons, were unable to to satisfy their needs by their own means, secondly, in no type of civilization was the total lack of care for the members in difficulty. Thus, poverty, disabilities, the existence of orphans and abandoned children, the elderly and without family support are old problems since the world, which mankind has tried, throughout history to solve by calling on various internal structures and mechanisms of adjustment. , some spontaneous and others institutionalized. Disability is the diminution of the person's ability to adapt to the demands of the physical and social environment as a result of his deficiency and the incapacity resulting from it. The handicap represents the reduction of human functions at different levels compared to the normal functions of a normal man. The one with a disability does not have the physical possibility to naturally carry out the ordinary activities that are required to be performed in a certain period of time. People with disabilities encounter cultural, physical or social barriers that impede their access to different systems of society or limit opportunities to take part in community life on an equal footing with others. They are protected in institutions such as special hospitals, asylums, rehabilitation centers for invalids and other specialized institutions, without granting the right and effort to reintegrate into society.

The Functionality of the Principle of Non-Discrimination on Grounds of Gender, Race, Religion and Sexual Orientation in the Postmodern Society

Author(s): Oleg Spînu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Discrimination in the postmodern society can have many different causes and can affect people of different racial, ethnic, national or social backgrounds, such as communities of Asian or African descent, Roma people, indigenous peoples, Aboriginal people and people of different castes. Discrimination can also refer to people of different cultural, linguistic or religious backgrounds, people with disabilities or the elderly. Moreover, people can be discriminated because of their sexual orientation or preferences. Gender-based discrimination is also common, despite progress in many countries. Women are also particularly prone to violent and abusive practices, and therefore often suffer from a double discrimination, both because of their race or origin and because of their gender, which is why feminist literature in recent years points to new acts or forms of discrimination against women. A major problem in the postmodern world is the discrimination that many people are subjected to, especially women and children, because they live in extreme poverty. These circumstances may force them to migrate and further contribute to a conceptual or social contamination, that may aggravate discriminatory tendencies in the societies where they migrate. The article aims to theoretically analyse the degree of functionality that the principle of non-discrimination based on gender, race, religion and sexual orientation has in the contemporary, postmodern, individualistic society.

Másság, felelősségvállalás és tudás

Author(s): Balázs Szentesi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2019

The study, based on the results of an ethnographic research, examines the internal discourse of an alternative grammar school (the „Diákház”) in Budapest. The students of the Diákház are early school leavers who mostly feel some rejection towards adults, teachers and schools. The teachers of the Diákház are trying to work with these students partly with pedagogical methods different from traditional ones, partly with the shaping of the school discourse. This paper shows the main (subcultural and institutional) themes of the school discourse, and how the themes of the subcultural construction and interpretation of „otherness” (difference, diversity, deviance, marginality, resistance) intertwined with the central concepts of school operation (independence, responsibility, knowledge) help teachers and students to work together. By maintaining the link between the two parallel interpretive frameworks the teachers of the Diákház have developed a unique approach within Hungarian education for successfully working with deviant and dropout students and for dealing with the problems that lead them to drop out.

Discovery of Racism in the Fantasy Genre. The Dark Elf Motif in Dungeons & Dragons

Author(s): Agata Strzelczyk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

The fantasy genre bares some stigmas born from the times of its most formative au- thor, J.R.R. Tolkien. Among them, there is a problem of so-called “fantasy races”, imaginary entities like elves, orcs, or goblins, and their real-world implications, rooted deeply in racial stereotypes. In this article, I study this topic on the example of the fictional race of the drow or dark elves and their portraits in the media related to Dungeons & Dragons, a tabletop roleplay game system heavily influenced by classic fantasy motifs. I try to argue that the changes in social and racial sensitiv- ity observed in the young generation of Dungeons & Dragons players are correlated with changes in the portrayal of draws from classic monsters to much more nuanced approaches.

The Fragility of Social Status and the Mediocrity of Middle Class Life in Social Memoirs of the Unemployed

Author(s): Arkadiusz Karwacki,Tomasz Szlendak,Krzysztof Lepczyński / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The article contributes to the Polish tradition of research using personal memoirs to illustrate the experience of everyday life. The authors analyze the experiences of middle-class representatives based on data collected through a nationwide competition for a diary of an unemployed person. The diarists experienced unemployment for at least one month between 2016 and 2017. The article shows the fragility of middle-class status, one that is difficult to achieve and easy to lose. The Polish middle class is under constant threat of being “washed away” by a wave created by low wages, poor working conditions, insufficient savings, credit burdens, and the trap of comparing oneself with other representatives of the middle class. The article illustrates the mediocrity of middle-class life—the disillusionment with the quality of life in the middle of the social structure based on deficits in health and psychological well-being and disruptions in social relations.

Paving the way: migrant women's perceptions and experiences regarding gender-based discrimination on the Romanian labor market

Author(s): Vlad I. Rosca,Georgiana Virginia Bonea / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Through qualitative research conducted with migrant women, this study is relevant for analyzing their perceptions and experiences of gender-based discrimination against them, when looking for a job, for marriage and family reunification, or for studying. It is about a series of difficulties encountered by migrant women in the process of integration in Romania. The study is structured as follows: I) The first part offers an analysis of empirical data extracted from specialized literature and relevant studies to highlight the main defining aspects regarding gender-based discrimination criteria in relation to migrant women's access to the labor market; II) The second part of the study consists in explaining the research methodology; III) The third part provides an analysis of the findings from oral history six interviews conducted on Zoom with migrant women, between June 2021 and January 2022; IV) The last part offers a set of relevant conclusions on the subject.