The Chantelles of Benefits Britain: Collective representations of the clients of the welfare state in conservative British press (2008-2012)

Author(s): Małgorzata Paprota / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

This paper outlines the representation of Claimants, a key social actor relevant to the welfare state, as groups in two conservative British newspapers, the Daily Mail and the Daily Telegraph. With recourse to critical discourse analysis, in particular van Leeuwen’s 2008 work on the representation of social actors, as well as to corpus methods, the paper shows how the representation of this social actor in collective terms helps entrench the discourse of (mainly class-based) prejudice, thus working to delegitimise the welfare state.

Темпоральные аспекты трансформации ценностной структуры самоидентичности в условиях кардинальных изменений жизненной ситуации

Author(s): Andrey Viktorovich Mazurkevich,Mikhail Sergeyevich Yanitskiy,Andrey Viktorovich Seryy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2017

Introduction. The article provides an overview of theoretical frameworks, allowing to consider the system interaction of personal, social and temporal aspects of self-identity in changes of life situations. The purpose of the article is to identify and describe the main trends in the transformation of value-semantic sphere of individuals, determining the stability / varia-bility of “I-images” in the conditions of radical changes of life, and to set the vector and to out-line further research on the issue. Materials and Methods. The model group consisted of professional sailors, who were considered as an example, demonstrating self-fulfillment in a radical change of situation. The empirical base is represented by two measurements, carried out consecutively in the following three modes: the past, present and future on the same sample, under normal conditions of life and the conditions of a long voyage. For this study, the Rokeach's test of value orientations, Semantic time differential, and authors’ methodological procedure of repertory grid technique were employed. Results. The authors outline the trends of changing hierarchical value positions in a variety of time modes: the past, present and future. The interconnection of specific value positions in the hierarchy with the appropriate "temporal I" is described. The results indicate the degree of value system integrity with the structure temporary "I" self-identity. This article investigates how time and environment factors influence the identification process, and reveals the specific features of temporal transformations in individual’s self-identity value structures in extreme conditions. The authors emphasize the determining role of situation contexts in the analyzed processes. Conclusions. The findings enhance our understanding of the regular nature of value-time transformations in individuals’ self-identity within the framework of extreme life conditions. The authors emphasize the explorative and empirical nature of the study. However, more research on this topic needs to be undertaken.

CAUSES OF DEPRIVATION IN REGIONS WITH DIFFERENT URBANISATION LEVEL

Author(s): Emese Bruder,Hakan Unal / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

Poverty is becoming a major issue in the modern world; recent economic crisis clearly had an unfavourable effect on Europe’s poor population. The economic situation of a country - through wages - has a clear impact on the level of poverty. This study focuses on a special group of socially excluded people - the deprived - and tries to investigate the symptom of being poor in Europe by using an absolute poverty measure. The so-called deprivation index is made up of different factors of the household related to living conditions and livelihoods.Previous research showed, that urban and rural household have to face different conditions in terms of the causes of becoming poor. Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon. However, households living in urban areas have more possibilities on the labour market, still large share of the urban households are at high risk of being poor. The urban poor live with many deprivations. Their challenges include limited access to employment opportunities and income, inadequate and insecure housing, violent and unhealthy environments, little or no social protection mechanisms, and limited access to adequate health and education opportunities. Central European countries have different path of European integration and economic development. Nevertheless, the determinants of being poor are various within regions of different urbanisation level. The goal of this paper is to explore these dissimilar causes across Europe and to determine factors that affect household level deprivation. In our analysis, we use binary logistic regression model to investigate the main drivers of being poor in different European countries with special focus on the differences of urban and rural areas. The analysis bases on the 2013 wave of EU-SILC cross-sectional micro data provided by Eurostat. In our research, we put the emphasis on identifying the most important attributes that characterise the group of the deprived population. We declare, that without a throughout analysis within this social group and without a deeper understanding and mapping of the problem, finding a solution is impossible.

Tradicija i prostitucija. Kritički prikaz knjige “Kata Nesiba i komentari”

Author(s): Dara Šljukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 87.33/2017

Spectacles of Shame: Ryan Murphy as Curator of Queer Cultural Memory

Author(s): Nikola N. Stepić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

In the anthology Queer Shame, edited by David M. Halperin and Valerie Traub, “the personal and the social shame attached to eroticism” is taken to task in relation to the larger contemporary discourse surrounding gay pride (understood in terms of activism and cultural production), while being seen as a defining characteristic of queer history, culture and identity. Shame, as theorized by Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, Halperin and others, is predicated on a larger issue of queer people’s access to discursive power, which Sedgwick herself had theorized in The Epistemology of the Closet. Such a conceptualizing of queer culture and queer politics begs the interrogation of how queer shame is contained and negotiated in contemporary popular culture. One of the most successful auteurs working in film and television today, Ryan Murphy’s opus is marked by a constant dialogue with queer cultural artifacts. The excitement that his productions generate is typically predicated on his use of queer cultural objects, especially as they are rearticulated for mainstream audiences. This paper investigates the inherent shame of queer memory as embodied in Murphy’s show American Horror Story through reference and negotiation of queer icons, filmic traditions and on-screen bodies. Utilizing queer and film theory as its framework, this paper treats Murphy’s queer vernacular as the uncanny that destabilizes conventions of both the horror genre and mainstream television, in turn legitimizing and exploiting “shameful” queer categories such as trauma, excess, diva worship and camp through the language of popular television and the bodies that populate it. Finally, this essay evaluates the productive power of Murphy’s repository of “disgraceful” bodily images—allegorical and literal—in furthering a critical remediation of the vernacular of queer shame.

Cultural-specific dimensions of societal re-formation within the German middle class

Author(s): Patricia Pfeil,Udo Dengel,Marion Müller / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

The article examines ways of re-formation of the (German) middle class caused by the perceptionof social (and individual) crises (in our example over-indebtedness) and associated uncertainty.Which are the strategies that middle-class members develop to cope with those perceived crises andwhich factors contribute to the originating of new civic formations? In that context, we emphasizeon the impact of culture-specific orientation patterns regarding specific societal groups. We referto the work of Douglas and Wildavsky [1982] and Cornia, Dressel and Pfeil [2016] and concentrateon the collective dimension in asking, how does the middle class and parts of it like societal subgroups (in our example over indebted people) perceive and interpret social developments and crises (framing)? Which is the relationship between the middle class and institutional actors and the confidence they have in these actors, especially regarding the dealing with social crises and connected solutions? Who do middle-class members blame for the crises and the risks of social decline (blaming)? This is a central question directly connected with the way of dealing with risks and the assumption of responsibility.

Minimalism – a new mode of consumption?

Author(s): Renata Dopierała / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

This article discusses minimalism as an example of anti-consumer-oriented social practices. The first section focuses on the assumptions of minimalism. The following parts refer to different variants of the relationship between minimalism and derivatives of consumption, i.e. anti-consumption and hyper-consumption (consumerism). The author also considers minimalism as a style of consumption and as a form of conscious consumption. The analysis is based on minimalist blogs and books.

Uticaj stavova medijskih radnika na etičko izvještavanje o zdravstveno različitim osobama

Author(s): Ognjen Radović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 40/2017

The way media represent the Other is the result of combination of various factors that directly or indirectly affect media workers during the production of media content about the Other. An essential and decisive factor is the personal conviction of media worker (attitudes and prejudices). Given this fact and that the media reporting on the medically different persons (MDP) is stereotypical (frame of the victim, hero or burden), it was necessary to conduct a research with reporters and editors in relation to the current level of stigma towards MDP. The research was conducted in Republic of Srpska (B&H) among reporters and editors from four leading TV stations in RS (ELTA TV, ATV, BN TV and RTRS). Using a method of in-depth interview, 19 reporters and editors responded to questions concerning: (1) their views on MDP, (2) familiarity with the specifics of various health conditions, (3) their interactions with MDP, (4) selfevaluation of reporting on MDP, (5) self-regulation and (6) applying the existing codes of ethics when reporting on MDP. The results indicate that media workers possess only basic knowledge about health differences and they primarily represent MDP on the basis of existing social stereotypes and media frames. Reporters and editors, even self-critical, tried to be socially correct, but had an ambivalent attitude and felt that self-regulation should not be used when reporting on MDP. In conclusion, it is clear that media workers use a combination of personal views on the ethics of reporting on MDP and rules of journalistic discourse, and not ethical principles and codes of reporting on the Other.

Родинно-побутові пісні як складник духовної культури Української сім’ї

Author(s): Ruslana Hapetchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 34/2015

This article analyses spiritual culture as a treasury that forms family values; considers separate aspects which happen in the cultural sphere within the period of transformational processes in Ukraine. It characterizes tendencies of a society development, which have contradictory character and influence on a formation of a spiritual development of a family; considers spirit and soul in the structure of spirituality and also defines a concept – family spiritual culture; analyses cultural and spiritual development of a modern family and essence of a family spirituality. Spiritual culture is the greatest treasure formation of family values, which derive their generation to which they contribute. The acquisition of culture by various ways - through education, practical science, language, rites, direct imitation, copying and more. Such methods are called traditional forms of transmission of culture. In the process of social development and family functioning occurring formation and perfection of spiritual culture, new cultural values, there are traditions, customs, festivals and ceremonies, which concentrate the new experience, which results in an objective form of social development. On the one hand, they are a form of preservation and development of spiritual culture, on the other – way mechanism of transmission, continuity of culture. Spiritual culture and family life of Ukrainian society is unimaginable without customs, traditions and different rituals and holidays. National customs, traditions, celebrations and ceremonies in all their diversity are integral elements of spiritual culture, which are the ceremonial side, concentrating social experience, speaking one form of continuity between past, present and future. Family life Ukrainian traditionally accompanied by various rites and rituals that are figurative and symbolic form marked certain stages of life and the most important stage of the family in its life cycle: creation of family, birth of a child, her age, family anniversaries, death of a seven member 'her. Family traditions, customs and rituals reflect the best experience of parenting each nation. Sophistication durable family-family, residential and cultural traditions indicates a high level of forming ethnic group, every nationality. These include song and dance, as two powerful psychophysical factors expressing moral and ethical and aesthetic values of the cultural soul of Ukrainian people. The structure spirituality advisable to differentiate spirit and soul. The concept of spirit is associated with the activity of consciousness. Spirit is always active, active, full of creative energy. It is through the spirit of a person perceives and evaluates world primarily in the ideas of various ideological nature, humanistic, ethical, environmental, religious and others. Path to direct contact with the spiritual is through internal sensations (through life). Culture is the real form of family life that keeps it in existence, inherent in a human being. In the cultural reality of the man cannot be separated from society. Through cultural forms person owns them. In culture combined two layers of human existence: personal forms of life that are directly involved in livelihoods, and acquired previous generations. Cultural life form provides a person the sovereignty of personal life. Spirituality opens family members access to love, conscience and sense of duty to the law, the arts and artistic beauty, science, prayer, religion. Only it enables the individual to understand what is true and most precious in life, give what is worth living. Spiritual, individual spirit is a corresponding acceptance and adherence to the highest standards of aggregate human culture, experiences moral norms of coexistence both domestic categorical imperative, learning higher values of tribal life as their own. Individual human spirit appears in various yavah, revealing not only the various sides, but the level of human reality. The analysis of cultural reality as the basis of spiritual development involves consideration of family forms in which they exist and because each family member assumes the character of self-determination. In culture combines two layers of human existence: physical (the length of life) and acquired (social). Because culture is the real form of life of the individual in the physical and social time. Through it man is connected with the world and reality and the spiritual man acquires the ability to hold to a certain cultural plane. In the spiritual life of society prevailing ambiguous and contradictory trends: on the one hand, we see a significant growth of national consciousness, increased public participation in the cultural life of the community, search for all segments of the population humanistic spiritual orientation. On the other - the obvious reduction of the general cultural level of the population, large-scale displays pragmatism as the spread of individualistic expression of sentiment, offensive commercial mass culture that aims not augmenting human in man, and higher profits. Identified trends require serious scientific analysis aimed at studying the features of formation of spiritual culture of the family, its preservation and transmission.

Головні напрями правової економіки у сфері формування та регулювання доходів населення в Україні

Author(s): K. H. Hubin / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 23/2015

The article characterizes the main directions of development of the legal economy in the area of population incomes in Ukraine, namely: creation of the normative and legal framework, which will conduce to effective functioning and development of the income area; legislative substantiation of processes related to formation and regulation of incomes. The author has indicated measures being essential for development of the legal economy in the area of population incomes.

Siromaštvo i migracije

Author(s): Braco Kovačević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/2015

Migration is no novelty of our contemporary age. They have always existed because individuals and social groups, for different reasons, forced or voluntarily, crossed from one geographical area to another. Occurrence of migration may be affected by various economic, political, cultural, military, and other factors, and a significant one relates to poverty. It is exactly poverty, especially determined by modern neo-liberal globalization, that represents an important factor in contemporary migration, including those from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Türkiye’de Çocuk Yoksulluğu: Gaziantep Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Author(s): Fatih Kahraman,Songül Sallan Gül / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2015

Children are among the groups the most affected by the household poverty. Children growing up in poverty are significantly deprivied of the rights to health, nutrition and education and face the risks of exploitation, violence and discrimination. Poverty experienced by children causes very serious problems such as child labor, child brides and juvenile delinquency. The high ratio of young population and the poor report of Turkey in the area of child poverty once again show the severity of the problem. In this study, the perspective of multi-dimensional deprivation of migrant households’ children has been presented in Gaziantep, which is the center of attraction for immigrants and the most developed province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 children in the 11-17 age range and their 20 parents and the collected data were assessed by quantitative and qualitative research techniques.

Ispitivanje primene pristupa usmerenog na porodicu dece s cerebralnom paralizom

Author(s): Milena Milićević,Goran Nedović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 18/2017

The aim of the research was to explore the quality of cooperation and su pport provided by institutions and professionals by determining the level of implementation of family-centered approach. The assessment was con ducted from the perspective of parents of children with cerebral palsy, as one of the most difficult conditions whose consequences were also signifi cantly reflected on family functioning. This cross-sectional study included 111 parents of children with cerebral palsy, aged 7–18 years. The Measure of Processes of Care – MPOC-20 was used. it was noted that the lowest extent of family-centered approach originated from an institution (p<0.001). The str engths of cooperation were reflected in the partnership of parents and profe ssionals, which was characterized by equality, positive and individual appro ach of experts, as well as by mutual cooperation, compliance and teamwork. a need to improve the quality of provided services by taking into account the family-centred approach was indicated. Clear, open and objective sharing of complete information, both those related to the child and his condition and those that would encourage families to make use of support from the com munity, were recommended.

AKTYWNOŚĆ TURYSTYCZNA: MIĘDZYNARODOWE I KRAJOWE ZRÓŻNICOWANIE ORAZ KWESTIA WYKLUCZENIA SPOŁECZNEGO

Author(s): Wiesław Alejziak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1(2)/2011

This article presents the international and domestic diversification of tourist activity. In the former case, it focuses on analyses of the general level of tourist activity, expressed in the ‘tourist activity rate’, while with regards to the inhabitants of Poland, analyses were conducted on the diversification of tourist activity across various socio-demographic categories. For international comparisons, the wide-ranging research conducted by EUROSTAT in 2011 on representative samples of the inhabitants of 32 European countries was used. The diversification of Polish tourist activity in the context of social exclusion, on the other hand, is presented on the basis of the author's research and calculations. Statistical analyses were employed: Kendall's Tau-b rank correlation coefficient and cluster analysis.

Theatre in the Context of Poverty, Poverty in the Context of Theatre. The Issue of Poverty and Social Exclusion Demonstrated on Psota [Poverty], Production of Pôtoň Theatre

Author(s): Elena Knopová / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2016

Pôtoň Theatre started out as an amateur ensemble, but over time, it has evolved into an independent professional theatre. Right from the outset, it has been operating in Levice region, in a nationally and denominationally mixed territory, rich in turning points in history and also in constant social changes which have had a profound impact upon the poetics of its theatre professionals and on its crucial themes. The ramifications of various reprisal measures (for instance, the so-called Beneš decrees) and the 20th century transformation processes (new stratification of society and a marked weakening of the farming life or centrally managed industrial life in the region after 1989) have dramatically and permanently changed the fates of the inhabitations of the region and their ordinary lives. Documentary-oriented form of theatre with a distinct social message which is shaped in the process of own field research, has become a unique method of production of Pôtoň Theatre largely thanks to the environment, in which it is based.

Rodni mejnstriming – izazovi koncepta i primene u socijalnoj politici

Author(s): Natalija D. Perišić,Jelena Vidojević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 19/2018

The subject of the paper is the concept of gender mainstreaming and its transfer into the national social policy. The authors start their considerations of the concept from the aspect of discourse and its importance for policy transfer. This is followed by the analysis od the evolution of the concept in the European Union, along with taking into account the perspectives of member states, as well as an overview of relevant body of literature on potential and practical significance of gender mainstreaming for the realization of gender equality. The focus is on one of the areas of social policy, i.e. pension policy, which has been under reforms for a long period. Considerations of the gender aspect of pension reforms in Serbia show that the perspective of substantial justice, i.e. justice based on outcomes, has been neglected.

Ратни ветерани: перцепција институционалне подршке

Author(s): Olivera S. Marković Savić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2018

The paper deals with the attitude of state institutions towards war veterans in Serbia, viewed from the perspective of veterans. In addition to the perception of the social policy towards veterans, the paper aimed at showing the social position of war veterans within the sociological theories of war, which understand the war and organized violence in the macrostructural processes of the long bureaucratic organization of the state and legitimizing ideologies. Since we observe war as part of a modern state, and not only as an isolated incident or anomaly, the researcher’s intent was to bring light to one part of this whole which has been insufficiently represented in research, and which in peacetime conditions reveals the processes that are related to the war.The research involved 30 war veterans who participated in the wars in the territory of the former Yugoslavia. They were questioned using a semi-structured interview method. The aim of the research was to determine the opinions, attitudes and experiences of war veterans about their own position in society through the most important aspects of interaction with state institutions. The results of the research show that what predominates the respondents’ self-perception is dissatisfaction because of: a) the (non) recognition of the differences that participation in war entails, that is, the specificity of the difficulties in the process of transition from wartime to peacetime conditions, b) the stereotypical and labeling attitude of civil servants, c) the fragmentation of the veteran population in the form of discriminatory practices of the justice system.The obtained findings suggest that the created institutional prerequisites for social inclusion are not sufficient for the members of the studied group to be able to deal with apparent problems, but even more with latent obstacles in their attempt to „continue living“ in peacetime conditions, which they put on hold at one point in the past to participate in war as military conscripts. With the state politics that discriminates them, the social environment that belittles their war efforts and the civil sector that blames them for participating in the wars, war veterans are a good example of transferring guilt from the structural to the individual level. If we add extremely unfavorable existential conditions of the total low-skilled labor force, in the third age of life, with poor physical health and a perception of a lack of perspective, we can say that war veterans from Serbia have lost another battle, the one with the nation-state to whose call for defense they willingly responded. In practice, when the nation’s narrative, on which all modern nations states are established, “descends” to specific members of the nation, it turns into a budgetary burden. Some future war employers should calculate the cost of rehabilitating war veterans and the care of the families of fallen soldiers in the cost of projected wars. Instead of a realistic compensation for the sacrifice, war veterans say that the wars in which they participated do not have the ideological legitimacy they once had and, consequently, nor does their sacrifice that they would institutionalize through special rights. Absolute domination over the means of coercion, as well as the similarity of bureaucratic institutions with military structures, whose functioning they known well from the war, send a clear message about the state’s supremacy in any eventual protest against the social inequalities they are experiencing.

Soul work and giving back. Ethnic Support Groups and the Hidden Costs of Social Mobility. Lessons from Hungarian Roma Graduates

Author(s): Zsanna Nyírő,Judit Durst / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

For a long time, social and public policies have presented upward social mobility as an unambiguously progressive process. However, there is a relatively new line of academic research that concerns the dilemmas, or ‘hidden costs’, of upward mobility. Still, apart from a few inspiring exceptions, there is a lack of empirical studies, especially in Hungary, that explore the personal experiences of the impact of moving class through educational mobility. Academic literature about stigmatised, disadvantaged minorities such as Afro-Americans and Mexicans in the U.S or the Roma in Europe suggests that the professional middle class of these groups – those who have demonstrated an exceptional range of intergenerational mobility – have adopted a distinctive upward mobility strategy to overcome the challenges that are unique to them. These challenges emerge from the difficulties of maintaining intra-class relations with poorer ‘co-ethnics’ (people from the communities they were brought up in), but also managing interethnic relations with the ‘white’ (non-Black in the U.S, non-Roma in East-Central Europe) majority. As part of this minority culture of mobility, the Roma, as with other stigmatised minority groups, create and join ethnic professional organisations to enable them to culturally navigate both worlds. Throughout this paper, we focus our attention on influential ethnic support groups or organisations and address the question what effect they have on the costs of upward mobility in the case of our Roma professional middle-class sample.

Компаративна анализа фертилитета према старости и степену образовања у републици српској и Републици Србији

Author(s): Rada Mandić,Anđelija Ivkov-Džigurski / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 167/2018

The family is an institution that is constantly changing in line with the modern system of society values. In the last two decades there has been a change in fertility, the size of the family and the form of marriage. Low reproductive norms are not only a reflection of socio-economic factors, but also norms of an induction character. In the Republic of Srpska and the Republic of Serbia there was a change in the pattern of birth; women decided to espouse later, which also delayed firstborn in the later reproductive age. Regarding birth analysis, we tried to investigate whether women of different ages and educational levels had an impact on fertility, and what similarities and differences had shaped the fertility of Serbian countries. It is considered that education affects the reproductive choice and creates a gap between the required and the actual size of the family. The basic hypothesis of work is based on the assumption that there is a strong correlation between female education, age and fertility. Descriptive statistical methods, T-test and Pirson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The obtained results indicate that there has been a change in reproductive behavior and that there is a strong connection in socio-demographic parameters of the fertility of the Republika of Srpska and the Republic of Serbia.

Guest Editorial: Introduction to Special Issue on Inequalities and Youth Mobilities in Europe from Comparative Perspectives

Author(s): Sahizer Samuk,Emilia Kmiotek-Meier,Birte Nienaber,Volha Vysotskaya / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

European member states have extinguished most internal borders, but some unseen boundaries and barriers to mobility might still exist, such as socioeconomic resources, regional disparities and social “rootedness” in a place of residence. EU mobility within itself is a unique example of an entity enabling almost unrestricted movement of people. However, only a few EU citizens are involved in and benefit from free movement; for example, 84% of EU citizens have never lived or worked in another EU state (Eurobarometer 2010). Moreover, the idea of mobility, especially within the EU, is particularly presented to young people in a positive light by the knowledge economy (Allen and Hollingworth, 2013).