Жертвоприношение, дар и молитва – ритуалът на поднасяне на дарове към планинското божество сред едно тибетско племе в региона Амдо

Author(s): Su Faxiang,Wаng Yuewei / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Marcel Mauss’ works on the social facts of sacrifice, gift and pray formed the fundamental concepts and theories for anthropological studies about the reciprocity between humans and gods and the contract principal in gift exchange. This paper will focus on a sacrificial ritual to mountain god in a Tibetan tribe and discuss the relations between the three concepts, to illustrate that in this kind of ritual, although sacrificesare nonliving beings rather than animals, the intensity of other steps still stay at asimilar level with classical sacrificial ritual with animal sacrifices; and in the ethics of reciprocal principal, the form of gift exchange in this sacrificial ritual shows obvious „merit“ and „karma“ values which has representativeness in Buddhist societies.

Даряването в Сватбите в България от средата на ХХ до началото на ХХІ век

Author(s): Milena Marinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

The article is dedicated to one of the important moments in the wedding custom inBulgaria – the offering. It traces the ways in which since the second half of the 20thcentury the authorities try to influence the traditional forms of offering. The researchshows the differences in offering in the towns and villages and presents the reasonsfor them. It outlines the main trends in the last tree decades in the exchange of giftsbetween the newly-married couple and the guests which are characterized by theintensive penetration of foreign models.

Лиляна Ковачева. „СЪКРОВЕН СВЯТ. Празнично-обредна система на ромите в Средна Западна България“. София: Просвета, 2015

Author(s): Ventsislav Bozhinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Насърчаване на гражданското участие на младите хора посредством неформалното учене и образование. Формиране на ключови компетентности

Author(s): Perunika Karshakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2017

The present article affects young people civic engagement issue through informal learning and education. The main civic education characteristics have been defined within the context of informal learning. Different educational approaches have been presented in order to help youngsters participate actively in various civic events. Key competences with fundamental meaning for students as per Bulgarian educational standards have been discussed. These competences also enable students’ better realization in their future lives. An example concerning the informal education has been proposed through the various discussions.

Поляци спасяват евреи в района на Жешов по време на Втората световна война

Author(s): Elżbieta Rączy / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2017

The article presents the situation of the Poles and Jews during the German occupation in the Rzeszow region, as well as the ways of saving the Jewish population there.

“What is Fatmagül’s Guilt?” Ethnology at the End of the Workday

Author(s): Vanya Zhekova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The paper offers an ethnological reading of the Turkish TV series “What is Fatmagül’s guilt?” as well as a critical view on its broadcast on Bulgarian television. The central subject matter is a group rape which sets the main theme of the series: violence against women. The authors develop the theme in two main forms:physical/sexual and symbolic violence, the latter regulated and maintained by thewedding ritual. The core of the latter is the problem of virginity.Special focus is paid to the script and the way in which pre-modern culture is presented. There are examples which show that the literary text is not only a super structure over cultural facts or their basic illustration, but in many cases it conducts a dialogue with them, transforms them and even rejects them as cultural practices (the problem of guilt, the ‘besmirching’ of the woman, the first wedding night complex,the cultural meaning of the red colour in a man’s relationship with his wife, the bed,material and spiritual, etc.). The series represents a good example of creative work on and analysis of pre-modern culture.

Imperium tekstu kontratakuje. Refleksje socjologa. Recenzja książki Marcina Matczaka Imperium tekstu. Prawo jako postulowanie i urzeczywistnianie świata możliwego

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2019

Influence of Mass Culture on Ethnic Culture and Its Overcoming

Author(s): Anzhelina A. Koriakina / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The intensification of world processes has acutely raised the problem of preserving traditional ethnic culture. Preservation of cultural heritage in a mass society is the most important problem of our time. In this regard, the question of influence of mass culture on the culture of an ethnos and its overcoming is actualized. In the article, on the basis of the literature review, the concepts of “mass culture” and “ethnic culture” are analyzed. It is revealed that ethnic culture is multi-component and includes both traditional components and elements of mass culture. The consequences of the impact of mass culture on the culture of the Yakut ethnos- acculturation and marginalization – are revealed. Conditions for overcoming the influence of mass culture on the culture of an ethnos – the dialogue between western and eastern cultures, the cessation of mindless copying of the Western way of life – are developed.

Акултурация и идентичност на юноши имигранти. Анализ на случай от Франция

Author(s): Aleksandra Kirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

This paper draws on the author’s ethnographic research with 11 – 15 years old adolescents conducted in a “prioriy” middle school in Normandy, France (2014 – 2017) and aims to explore these immigrant students’ experiences of acculturation, sociocultural adaptation and identity formation. In particular, I present the case study of a Moroccan boy in an attempt to uncover more profound aspects of these phenomena. I use the theoretical framework of Berry et al. (2006) regarding strategies for acculturation and identity processes in adolescence in order to analyse data gathered through ethnographic methods. Then, I illustrate how methodological pluralism can produce a nuanced picture and allow for alternative interpretations. In addition, followingPollock and Van Reken’s example of a third-culture kid, I use the concept of a third culture adolescent (Pollock and Van Reken 1999) to demonstrate how a migrant student with a diffuse profile, that defines him as marginal and confused, viewed through an ethnographic lens, can be thought of as someone creating “third culture”.

THE HISTORY OF EDUCATION AND EDUCATIONAL REFORMS IN RUSSIA

Author(s): Aura Hapenciuc / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2019

The objectives of the research consist in carrying out a synthesis-analysis of the epistemological history of the pedagogy in Russia, by capitalizing on the epistemological valences identified and sressing the impact of the valences of the Russian pedagogy on the epistemic development of the education sciences. The historical research methodology was used to highlight the evolution of the domain in conceptual and institutional plan, in synchronic and diachronic perspective. The paper aims to capture the specificity of education in Russia that is anchored, equally, in the problems of modernization, but also in the maintenance of its own cultural and psychosocial identity. The stages of education development, the periodizations made by pedagogues and historians of pedagogy, the features of the four education reforms, the roles of personalities in the development of education, significant pedagogical ideas that have revolutionized pedagogy / didactics in the world are reviewed.

ПРОУЧВАНЕ НА РИБАРСКАТА ОБЩНОСТ В ОРЯХОВО

Author(s): Nikolai Nenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 18/2020

The study in Oryahovo is a contribution to the modern anthropological study of local cultures, communities and heritage along the Danube River. It aims to describe the cultural geography of the place, as well as the specifics of local fishing, the names of species of nets and gear, the names of boats, species of fish, the daily life of fishermen and the forms of celebration. The methodology of the historical-anthropological approach and the biographical approach is used. The authentic texts that are published are grouped in four parts – Everyday life, Environment, Fishing, Holidays. They create a collective biography, represented by the many voices of ordinary local fishermen. Fishermen's knowledge of the world around them is complex – their stories include swamps in Romania, the numerous islands on the Danube and the nuclear power plant, as well as specific places where the riverbed is clear and the nets do not get caught to rupture. Turning an individual into a fisherman is a way of life. And it is precisely the differences in this living – with devotion to the river and the local ecosystem, that make the fishermen of Oryahovo different from everyone else. We have registered many of their worldview, acquired habits, traditional practices and skills, oral knowledge – the amalgam which we define as cultural heritage. But for local fishermen, this knowledge has not yet been valorized.

Osztályhelyzet, együttes élmény, társas hatóképesség.

Author(s): Zsolt K. Horváth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 28/2021

The National Association of People's Colleges is often interpreted as a youth organization of the dictatorship and as an association that ensures the youth supply of the Communist Party. Although this view is not entirely illegitimate, it is simplistic insofar as it does not take into account 1) the pre-war people's colleges movement, 2) the nature of grassroots 3) its self- government 4) its role in social mobility 5) and its specific pedagogical and educational psychological aspirations. Of course, the comprehensive history of Nékosz cannot be the subject of such a short writing, so we will focus on elaborating points 3–5. Being the educational leader of Nékosz and researcher at the Institute of Psychology of the Institute of Education of Budapest, the psychologist Ferenc Mérei carried out numerous experiments in primary and secondary schools to develop the effectiveness of the emancipatory school. For him, the model of emancipatory education was the group experience of Nékosz.

Szocioanalízis, avagy játék a társadalmi egyenlőtlenségekkel

Author(s): Cecília Kovai,Melinda Kovai,Eszter Neumann,György Mészáros / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 28/2021

The paper presents the methodology behind and some lessons from a small group training course developed by the members of the Working Group for Public Sociology (Helyzet Műhely). Our training, named after Pierre Bourdieu’s socioanalysis, primarily targets active or future professionals in supportive roles such as social workers, health care professionals, teachers and psychologists. The objective of the training is making participants capable of deciphering the social space in reflective ways: by learning to understand their perceptive, action and cognitive schemes stemming from their own social positions and family socialization patterns; and by exploring the ways in which the social space is perceived differently from different social positions. One of our presumptions is that – similarly to other relations driven by solidarity – the choice of helping professions, the social protection institutional system, and the supporting relationship itself (who and why deserves support and who can decide about it) are fundamentally shaped by the social positions of the participants, and those involved in these relations are only partially aware of these determinations. In fact, the unreflected working mechanisms of our social positions – or in psychoanalytic terms, the operation of our unconscious – sustains the status quo. The paper presents the theoretical insights behind our training syllabus (focusing on the perception of the social, the intersection of ethnic and class relations and racism, the social context and internal hierarchy of supportive professions) as well as the analysis of some concrete examples from our trainings.

Feministyczna hałda pamięci

Author(s): Katarzyna Bojarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The author analyzes women’s artistic practices, framed as manifestations of environmental art of memory of violence and destruction – both political violence directed against people and violence directed against nature. The analyzed artists appear not so much as contemporary incarnations of Benjaminian angel of history, but rather as figures who while turning backwards descent into the depths, and as such not so much look at the debris as they penetrate it. Their practice is seen here as learning from the coexistence with the matter of the past and the past of the matter – the theoretical tool that the author employs is that of the postindustrial heap (hałda). The author shows how, by analyzing the works of such artists as Joanna Rajkowska, Karolina Grzywnowicz, Diana Lelonek, one can think differently about the relationship with the past and even the very idea of historicity today.

THE ”SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE” OF THOSE PEOPLE WHO INTERACT WITH DISABLED CHILDREN IN KATHRYN ERSKINE’S MOCKINGBIRD, R.J. PALACIO’S WONDER, MARK HADDON'S THE CURIOUS INCIDENT OF THE DOG IN THE NIGHT-TIME

Author(s): Alina Lucia GRAPINI / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

Our innate characteristics influence our interactions with the world. It is well acknowledged that individuals possess varying degrees of shyness and outgoingness, which stem from their unique personalities and influence their perceptions and interactions with others. For such cognitive and social issues to be properly comprehended we have chosen some parental models and also a social model identified through police officers' and interdisciplinary approached via Daniel Goleman's book "Social Intelligence: The New Science of Human Relationships"(2006)

ALTERNATIVE MEASURES RELATING TO THE DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY OF JUVENILE OFFENDERS DURING THE CRIMINAL TRIAL

Author(s): Ștefan - Tiberiu Ciurea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The present article addresses the importance of alternative measures to deprivation of liberty in the context of the evolution of the criminal phenomenon in terms of the offences or crimes committed by minors, so that the impact on the personality and development of the young people in question are not disproportionate to the purpose pursued by taking the measure, namely ensuring the smooth conduct of the criminal process, preventing the commission of other crimes, child rehabilitation and his/her reintegration in society.

Genealogy of civil society: contemporary reinterpretation of the concept

Author(s): Đorđe S. Stojanović / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2024

Starting from the exceptional importance of civil society for political/democratic theory, the paper critically analyzes its position in various theoretical discourses, trying to detect the most current changes in its understanding. Along these lines, the paper examines the premodern, modern and postmodern paradigms of civil society. The most important findings are that its interpretation must include: (1) cultural procedurality and diversity against the abstract and repressive given of the Western matrix; (2) the fact that externally controlled non-genuine non-governmental organizations of neoliberal civil society have weak support from citizens and a low level of responsibility; (3) dialogue with neo-traditional associations; and (4) the idea that civil society cannot be freed in a utopian manner from the redistribution of power, which implies its politicization, hierarchization and civil society elites.

Проф. д-р Магдалена Елчинова (1962–2024)

Author(s): Valentina Ganeva-Raycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

In memoriam

Memories of Joy for a Futureless World: Aesthetic and Political Commitment in Jasieński and Pasolini

Author(s): Krzysztof Rowiński / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Discussions of cultural disappearance are often couched in terms of nostalgia and tragedy. Bruno Jasieński in Bal manekinów and Pier Paolo Pasolini in Ragazzi di vita offer an alternative form of remembering disappearance through memories of joy, understood as a distinctly political practice. Acutely aware of the untenability of what they were celebrating (pockets of liberty from cultural uniformity, in local cultures and aesthetic experimentation, respectively), both writers maintained a sense of political commitment, offering a good broader model for thinking about a world without a future.

Uloga novinskog diskursa u legitimiziranju diskriminacije pokrivenih studentica u Turskoj: multimodalna analiza

Author(s): Mirsad Turanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2024

The paper analyses the Kemalist dailies’ presentation of veiled female students who protested the discrimination they faced when the hijab was banned at Turkish universities. Although such discrimination has since been quashed, the ideology that produced and legitimised it is still alive. The media, an important means of reproducing the Kemalist hegemony, relativised or legitimised discrimination against these students by discursively constructing them as a destructive force that threatened the secular or der. This construct is based on the Kemalist conception of modernisation, equated with secularisation, where “the limit of the expression of religion in Turkey is the skin of a citizen”. The analysed examples reinforce the construct by integrating multimodal elements, including the text itself, typographical elements, page layouts, and accompanying images and caricatures. The paper confirms the importance of analysing linguistic and other semiotic elements of discourse in the research of complex social phenomena like discrimination, hegemony, and ideology.