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Most researchers in the field of sociology of the family, but also several political and public actors support the idea that, during the last decades, the family of contemporary society has undergone profound transformations. The current image of the family is that of an institution which preserves the tradition of marriage. Current societies, European in general, and Romanian in particular, are evolving towards other types of values, because individualism and the satisfaction of the necessities closest to daily reality privilege material needs, while forgetting the spiritual part of the man and the couple. The Romanian family, under economic pressure and the declining standard of living, has known in its structure a series of alterations and changes which have had as negative manifestation the appearance of social phenomena such as family violence, conjugal dissatisfaction. . In this social context, contemporary societies are experiencing a significant drop in the number of marriages and an increase in the number of divorces. Thus, the structure of the family in Europe is changing, consensual union (concubinage) representing a form adopted particularly by young people, as a reaction to the difficulty of ensuring minimum economic and emotional conditions for starting a traditional family life.
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From the multitude of conflicts I have chosen to study domestic violence because it has reached a high level today and I decided that I should find out why some people accept so easily the state of victims while others assume so easily the to themselves. The traditional images of violence have accustomed us to the idea that the main doers of acts of violence are men, while women appear especially as victims. I found it interesting to analyze the relationship between the aggressor and the victim, and what is their attitude towards violence. I have wondered if some type of personality or some beliefs have a role in generating violent behavior, I have tried to analyze everything that is connected to violence. Reading those found below, one can see which are the causes or factors that influence the aggressive behavior, and sometimes one can avoid certain aspects in order not encounter a violent reaction.
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This article discusses the abortion issue as it is seen in the canons of the Christian Church. The approach is an interfaith perspective because it highlights the Orthodox, the Roman-Catholic as well as the Neo-protestant points of view. The basic idea is the unity of Christian denomination opinions regarding the practice of abortion.
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This article aims at highlighting the negative consequences of abortion on those involved (mothers, fathers, children) and on the society. Considered by many women a solution in resolving conflicts occured with an unwanted pregnancy, abortion proves to be the cause of serious somatic and psychological sufferings which constitute the so-called post-abortion syndrome. For prevention of these disorders and for healing of those affected by post-abortion syndrome counseling intervention techniques specific to these situations are needed.
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The family is part of the phenomena for which there was an interest especially in all societies. Knowledge of the functioning of this institution it is of paramount societal importance, given that it leaves itself, directly or indirectly, the imprint on the entire socio-economic system. So, on the state of the family depends, first of all, the reproduction of the population in a society, socialization / education of new generations, creation and transmission spiritual values, behaviour patterns, process organization production and consumption etc.This article is presenting the most important theoretical contributions – from psycho-sociological point of view – on the family institution. The concept of family is analysed in a correlation with the concept of “couple”. Also, the article is presenting the most important typologies of families that are used in scientific literature, mainly the sociological one. We have tried to present in a comparative manner what are the characteristics of the traditional family and modern family in our contemporary society.
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The article aims to prove and rectify the comparable data about the length of the paid maternity and paternity leaves (full wage equivalent) and to analyse the reform measures of the Czech government and the current family benefits reform proposals. We also pay attention to proposals of the pension commissions. Czech family policy respects some weaknesses of the family benefits, but it does not strive to realize a major comprehensive reform. Similarly to other post-Communist countries a „refamiliarization“ of this policy has taken place and it resulted, together with the construct of the parental allowance, to a big gender wage gap. It has no substantial impact on the old-age pensions of mothers due to unparalleled equalization of the pensions (hidden big flat pension). The analyses are bound for the use of the social-democratic (universal) welfare regime, including the application of the universal child benefits and the right to nursery care from the age of 1, for a small or no fee.
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The aim of the text is to compare the legislative forms of child protection in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Austria, and to define the basic congruities and differences in the legal concepts of these countries. The methodology of the article is based on a comparative analysis of legal documents of the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and Austria. The Czech and Slovak versions of the socio-legal protection of children are comparable in many aspects. Significant differences were identified in the Austrian version which is, among other things, reflected in the statistical records of the number of people sentenced for maltreatment of a person in their charge. Differences are evident in terms of the composition (structure) of the relevant legislation: the Czech and Slovak versions are comparable, whereas Austria has formally incorporated children's rights into the constitution and has transferred the main competences concerning child protection and other socio-legal tools to the country's federal states. The potential of the detailed analysis of the efficiency of the child legal protection systems in the Czech Republic and Slovakia is limited since no statistical data is available in these countries that can be compared and that separately records maltreated adults and maltreated minors.
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This paper deals with positive domestic and comparative international laws on establishing and contesting the marital presumption of paternity. It is evident that these rules derive from the provisions that regulate marriage. What makes them complex and diverse is that in certain legal systems the moments from which the presumption of paternity of the mother’s spouse begins and ends are determined differently in relation to the moment of conclusion of marriage and the cause of termination of marriage. The aim of this paper is to point out different possibilities when stipulating the rules on establishing and contesting marital presumption of paternity and how each of these possibilities reflects on the modern concept of parenting and the child’s right to know his or her origin. It is from this point of view that the relevant norms of domestic family legislation have been valued.
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The transformation of reproductive behavior in Slovakia after 1989 brought several historically unique and dynamically ongoing changes. One of them is the increase in the number and share of children born out of wedlock. In less than three decades, their representation has increased from less than a tenth to 40%. The historically valid model of reproduction realized almost exclusively in marriage received serious cracks, and Slovak society had to face this important pluralizing factor in reproductive and family behavior. However, this is in contrasts with the almost minimal scientific interest in this issue. Therefore, the main goal of the paper is to try to analyze some selected aspects associated with the process of extramarital fertility and birth out of wedlock. On the one hand, we tried to point out some major developmental changes, on the other hand we tried to identify some differences that could be associated with more frequent births of children of unmarried women, as well as to identify some internal demographic factors behind the increase in the share of illegitimate children since the early 90s. As our findings show, the youngest women, Roma women and people with low education have a higher chance of having a children out of wedlock in Slovakia. In terms of space, this phenomenon is more often present in women from medium-sized and small settlements, somewhat more often from the rural environment and districts of southern central Slovakia. The main demographic factor behind the increase in the proportion of children born out of wedlock is the growth in the number and proportion of unmarried women, and to a lesser extent, the growth of extramarital fertility.
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The traditional family model is becoming blurred and for this reason it is no longer valid. Thus, in thischanging reality it is worth making an attempt to understand those changes in order to be able to promoteappropriately the values which are still most important for the proper functioning of family. The family hasalways been and will be the central category of social life, around which processes, social phenomena orreligious norms are cumulated, but the changing conditions of life of families are generating a necessity tomonitor the quality of life of families and look at them as a whole and individually.
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In 2015, a research team of the Polish Measurement of Attitudes and Values carried out a representativesurvey of public administration employees. There were 746 survey participants who represented publicadministration entities from 16 voivodships in Poland, varied in terms of the most important sociodemo-graphic features. The data were collected by means of the CAWI technique in the variant of direct contactwith the respondent, with the computer record of responses in the form of an electronic self-returnablequestionnaire.
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Djeca su oduvijek smatrana nečim najljepšim što s enekome može dogoditi. Šteta što neki ljudi ne cijene to što imaju dijete i onda dođe do lošeg ponašanja roditelja nad djecom, ali ono što svaki čovjek mora znati je da su sva djeca jednako važna.
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Tiredness is a common symptom of most of pathologies, but it seemsthat there’s an even more tight link between sleep and depression. Theexhaustion the depressive feels isn’t necessarily a consequence of a loss ofsleep. At the contrary, it seems that some of them always need to sleep moreand more. Whereas the depressive suffers from a loss of energy, he can’t helpthinking about his suffering like a snake biting his own tail, so the need to sleepover and over may be a soothing response to the noise he feels in the inside.But on the other hand, this need to sleep may be even more, like an epiphanyof what the depressive is willing to, without always acknowledging it. Indeed, thefall into sleep realizes in a fantasmatic way a willing to die.
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The paper examines the experiences of parents of deaf and hard of hearing children related to the decision-making process about the cochlear implant, as well as their satisfaction with the outcomes of cochlear implantation. The research was carried out on the sample of 77 examinees of both sexes whose children are rehabilitated at “Children’s House” at the Clinical Hospital Centre in Belgrade, as well at schools for deaf and hard of hearing children in Kragujevac, Subotica and Niš. The questionnaire entitled Children with Cochlear Implants: Parental Perspectives was used for the purpose of the research. The results of the research indicate that parents had moderate difficulties in the process of deciding on cochlear implantation and that they were relatively satisfied with the outcome of the implantation. The age of children and the age at which the cochlear implantation has been performed are not related to the process of deciding on cochlear implantation, although this variable correlates with the contentment with the outcome of the implantation.
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Taking the longitudinal qualitative research perspective, the article contributes to the understanding of the increase in childlessness in the Czech Republic by capturing the experiences and identities of childless persons and by expanding upon the mechanisms that lead to the long-term persistence of childlessness or changes in reproductive identities and plans. The research is based on the analysis of repeated problem-centered interviews (usually after 11−12 years) with women and men who were childless in the first wave of interviews and either preferred permanent childlessness, or were undecided about parenting, or wished to enter parenthood in the future, but still felt too young to start a family, or postponed childbearing due to various obstacles. Over the long term, the childless identities of those who preferred lifelong childlessness or who remained undecided about parenthood proved to be the most stable. The life trajectories of those who postponed parenthood and wished for it in the future more often included transitions to parenthood or other childless identities, including involuntary or permanent childlessness, which was often connected with the domino effect of events and the influence of linked lives. The repeated interviews provided new insight into the various relationships between reproductive and partner trajectories and served to shed light on how voluntarily childless couples maintain the consensus on the choice of a childfree life. The results suggest that family policy, while fully respecting the choice to lead a childfree life, should also facilitate pathways to parenthood at older reproductive ages.
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The aim of the research was to analyse the perspectives of sexual trustees on supporting young people with intellectual disabilities for relationships and parenthood. The six participating sexual trustees adopted a respectful and open attitude to the sexuality of their clients. With respect to working with sexuality and relationships, the sexual trustees considered important to put in place an organisational framework and equip themselves with the relevant competencies. The family planning of their clients was not addressed at the organisation level, and the interviewed sexual trustees described conflicting feelings related to the support of their clients with concern to their desire to have children. Moreover, the trustees were felt societal pressure to prevent conception associated with the topic of family planning.
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