VOYAGE ET MISSION. STANISLAS BELLANGER ET SON DEUXIÈME VOYAGE DANS LES PROVINCES DE L’EMPIRE OTTOMAN EN 1846 – 1847

Author(s): Nicu Diaconiuc / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

Mostly known for his travelogue entitled singularly Le Kéroutza, French author Stanislas Bellanger has left us a huge body of work of over a thousand pages dedicated to his travels and sojourns, mainly to and throughout the Romanian Principalities, but also collaterally throughout Bulgaria and to Constantinople. During his second journey to the Orient (1846 – 1847), sponsored by the French Ministry of Education, Bellanger wrote five reports to his patron, the count Salvandy, which are consistent with his ambition of becoming a historian of the East and producing a History of the Ottoman Empire. But while he ultimately failed to achieve all of that, Bellanger succeeded in outlining an image of the Oriental Other and sketching interesting landscapes from the provinces of the great empire, which he ends up appropriating and mapping in his own unique way.

LA FRANCE DANS LES PAGES DE LA REVUE OTTOMANE MECMUA-I FÜNUN (REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE) DE JUIN 1862 À JUIN 1867

Author(s): Margarita Dobreva / Language(s): French Issue: 4/2023

A sign of the Ottoman scientific and cultural progress in the Tanzimat years, the journal Mecmua-i Fünun (Journal of Sciences/ Revue scientifique) was published in June 1862 – June 1867 by Cemiyet-i İlmiye-i Osmaniye (Ottoman Society of Science/ Société scientifique ottomane) and offered articles of manifold topics. Some of them were based on the masterpieces of French theologians, philosophers and doctors. Others presented the speeches delivered by French politicians and monarchs. The journal paid attention to the French revolution, Napoléon Bonaparte, the International Universal Exposition and to the construction of the Suez Canal. Many of the notes on France were short news about its development. In fact, all presented French masterpieces discussed universal values and virtues, promoted centuries long by Islam and Christianity. They inspired the audience with religious devotion and love to the country, with obedience to the monarch and laws, expansion of welfare, brotherhood of man and thankfulness, with continuous efforts towards technical headway and ethic maturity. However, even presented in Mecmua-i Fünun, France and its ideas did not set the journal’s tone, that was mainly consistent with the official state policy. The article is based on all 47 journal issues, available on the digital library of the Türk Tarih Kurumu (Turkish Historical Society/ Société d’histoire turque) in Ankara.

Dzikie rośliny w leczeniu codziennych dolegliwości Lasowiaków (na podstawie badań Franciszka Kotuli)

Author(s): Lidia Maria Czyż / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

Medical first aid is needed at any time, in any community of people. This is may be difficult for groups isolated because of their place of residence. The ethnographic group of Lasowians, once inhabiting the region of the Sandomierz Primeval Forest, was extremely interesting because of its origins and daily occupations. This area was comprehensively explored by participants of the so-called research camps, organised by the Regional Museum in Rzeszów during the years 1960–1970. The research was mainly initiated by the historian and specialist in regional studies Franciszek Kotula (1900–1983). Those observing the daily life of the Lasowian villages, interviewed individuals who, being of middle age, could remember the realities and various aspects of their ancestors’ daily life. The various domains investigated included treatment of common illnesses with the use of wild or cultivated plants. The related findings, in a form of research reports, today are in the holdings of the Ethnographic Museum in Rzeszów. Analysis of these research reports, by reference to a Polish herbarium, as well as The Book of Herbs by Simon Syrenius, and contemporary literature discussing medicinal plants, shows that the use of plants in rural medicine changed little over the centuries. It is also interesting to consider the origins of medical knowledge presented by those providing premedical care, the question being whether the expertise was based on their own experience and long-standing practice, or perhaps the knowledge was transferred from written sources, present in the manor houses of the nobility, commonly employing rural women. In the 1930s, the areas inhabited by Lasowians were incorporated into the newly established Central Industrial Region, which radically changed the everyday living conditions of this ethnographic group. Its traditions are cultivated by amateur folk ensembles whereas the unique artefacts of Lasowian heritage are collected in the Ethnographic Park established in Kolbuszowa.

ФОЛКЛОРНАТА БАЛАДА „ДЕВЕР И МЕЧКА СТРЪВНИЦА“ (Инвариантни идеи и митопоетична образност)

Author(s): Todor Mollov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

The article deals with the problem of the invariant of the ballad’s folklore plot, in which a bear fights a bear. In the variants of the song, this happens during the return of the wedding to the bride, and after the victory the bridegroom takes her as his wife. The possibility of replacing the bridegroom with a son-in-law arises from the fact that in the mythoritual invariant they are most likely a pair of twin brothers, which encodes the dual nature of the shamanic-type priest (the division of “soul” and “body”). In such a case, the fight with a bear is localized at the point of transition through the celestial axis guarded by the constellation Ursa Major. After defeating the bridesmaid (the more active and dynamic “soul”), he can replace the passive “body” and take his bride. In general, the song is an echo of an ancient mythopoetic plot that describes a shamanic-type wedding priest with his magical (heavenly) choice.

„ФАТА ИДЕТ ОТ ДУНАВ НА ВОДА, САЛЬКО ИДЕТ ОТ СОЛУНА ГРАДА“ – ГЕОГРАФСКИ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕНИ ПРЕДСТАВИ В ПЕСЕННИ ТЕКСТОВЕ ОТ ОБЛАСТТА ГОЛО БЪРДО, АЛБАНИЯ

Author(s): Veselka Toncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

The text presents songs from the repertoire of the region of Golo Bardo, Albania, with a focus on geographical names and spatial ideas used in their lyrics. They illustrate the knowledge of its own, neighboring and foreign space and, more generally, of the location of the area on the Balkan map as a part of the Bulgarian historical territory.

СВЕТИ ИЛИЯ И БАЛИ ЕФЕНДИ ИЛИ ИСТОРИЯТА НА СЪЖИТЕЛСТВОТО НА ДВЕ РЕЛИГИИ

Author(s): Dilyan Tsvetkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

Over the past century, the capital’s district Kniazhevo offers an opportunity to glimpse not only into the coexistence of the different ethnic groups of the young state of Bulgaria but also into the coexistence of the religions – the tomb of Bali Effendi and the church of St. Elijah. Here, struggles for supremacy take place in order to add value to the world and understanding.

УПОТРЕБИ НА ПАРЕМИИ В СЪВРЕМЕННИТЕ МЕДИИ

Author(s): Vladimir Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

The article focuses on the uses of folk paremiology in the modern Internet space. Special attention is paid to the role of proverbs and sayings and their place in news, commentary discourse, as well as in entertainment programs. The author examines a specific proverb and its functions in a modern context by juxtaposing traditional and current manifestations of folklore.

КЛЕТВАТА НА БЪЛГАРИТЕ ОТ ДОБРУДЖА СПОРЕД АРХИВНИ МАТЕРИАЛИ ОТ СИЛИСТРА И ОТ С. ЛИПНИЦА, ОКРЪГ КЮСТЕНДЖА

Author(s): Snezhanka Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 22/2023

The research focuses on the sworn texts of secret organizations created in 1917–1929 to support the Bulgarian cause in Dobrudja that incorporate a Masonic formula for appealing for help.

Простихме се с изявен изследовател на българската общност в Чехия. Мирям Моравцова (1931–2023)

Author(s): Vladimir Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

In memoriam

Отиде си изследовател на фолклора на словаците в България. Вера Гашпарикова (1928–2023)

Author(s): Vladimir Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

In memoriam

Здраве и здравеопазване – видими приоритети, невидими проблеми

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova,Kristina Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Полиомиелитът в България – епидемии и здравни политики (40-те – 60-те години на ХХ век).

Author(s): Kalinka Anchova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

In the context of the history of poliomyelitis epidemics and the damage they have left behind, the article takes into consideration the development of the epidemiological situation in Bulgaria before and after the discovery of vaccines and the start of mass immunization. The main focus is placed on the institutions and the policies of the Bulgarian socialist health care system from the middle of the 20th century in regard to the control of the epidemic spread of the disease and the rehabilitation of the already disabled. The study is based on official documents from the state archives.

Проблемите на медицината и здравеопазването в СССР след Втората световна война на страниците на съветската специализирана преса

Author(s): Vladimir Gamza / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The article shows how the trends and problems in the development of medicine and health care in the former USSR in the post-war period are reflected in the specialized Soviet journals. The article analyzes how the following topics are considered in medical newspapers and magazines: the relationship between science and practical medicine, the use of innovative technologies for the treatment of various diseases, the features and principles of management of the healthcare system, the influence of political and ideological factors on the processes of decision-making in the field of medicine and health care, etc. The content, structure and specifics of some printed publications are examined in detail. Special attention is paid to the popular science journal “Zdorovye“ (Здоровье) - “Health“

Интервю на А. Касабова и К. Попова с д-р И. Панова – „Изоставените деца на България няма кой… едно време нямаше кой да се оплаква за тях, и ние бяхме техните родители“

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova,Kristina Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Г. Георгиев. Традиции, памет, идентичност на българите в Украйна и Молдова (Динамика на културата в диаспора). София, 1922.

Author(s): Sonya Sredkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

Actorii patrimoniului și dezvoltarea durabilă a comunităților rurale din România. Cazul colecției RezArt – Muzeu – Ateliere din satul Iaz, județul Sălaj

Author(s): Ana Pascu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2023

Cultural heritage has changed its definition for the last decades, slowly becoming an important economic resource especially in areas where the sustainable development through tourism is the only economic development solution. These changes happened based on a strong connection with the worldwide awareness of the important role of social actors, creators and beneficiaries of the heritage. In this study, we focus on the particular case of private actors in heritage (communities, NGOs, individuals), found at the interface between rural communities and state institutions, between constraining laws and the freedom of those who create cultural values, but cannot manage. Among those, we refer to the private collectors of ethnographic objects. The tasks they assume for themselves are difficult. Leaders with distinguished moral qualities are needed, leaders that are true „cultural entrepreneurs”, to whom the work for cultural heritage demands a specialization. The paper discusses the problems and tensions that occur during the management of cultural heritage done by the private actors and also present the fortunate case of the RezArt - Museum - Workshops ethnographic collection, Iaz village, Sălaj county, owned by Ligia-Alexandra Pop.

The Songs of the Lost Land: Re-envisioning the Turkish Folk Songs from Adakele through Previous Compilations and Research Studies

Author(s): Cenk Güray,Duygu Günever / Language(s): Turkish,English Issue: 1/2021

Adakale, a center of Turkish culture in the Balkans since the 15th century, has witnessed the establishment of cultural communication between the Balkan people sharing the multicultural life symbolized by the River Danube. After the “loss” of Adakale by being submerged in 1970, music and literature were the only media reflecting this memory. The past studies of Turkish folk poetry and music compiled from the Adakale region will be evaluated within this work. Possible methods of re-envisioning the melodies of the compiled lyrics whose melodies are lost will be discussed by utilizing compilations made from other regions of the Balkan Peninsula and using the folk melodies in Turkey that originated from the Balkan lands.

Notes bibliographiques

Author(s): Vladimir Sadek / Language(s): French Issue: 2/1969

1. Pokorný Petr: Počátky gnose. Vznik gnostického mýtu o božstvu člověk. (Les commencements de la gnose. La naissance du mythe gnostique Dieu-Homme). Publications de l’Académie Tchécoslovaque des Sciences, série des Sciences sociales, 78/1968, Prague 1968, Academia, 68 pp. 2. Kestenberg-Gladstein, Ruth: Neuere Geschichte der Juden in den böhmischen Ländern, I., Das Zeitalter der Aufklärung 1780-1830, Tübingen, J. C. B. Mohr, 1969, 418 pp. (Un compte rendu détaillé paraîtra dans le prochain fascicule des Judaica Bohemiae) 3. Hrozinky a mandle. Výbor z jidiS povídek. (Raisins de Corinthe et amandes. Choix de contes en yiddish), Prague, Odeon, 1969, 480 pp. 4. Allegro, John: Rukopisy od Mrtvého moře. (Les Manuscripts de la Mer Morte), Prague, Mladá Fronta, 1969, 214 pp. 5. Petiška, Eduard: Golem a jiné židovské pověsti a pohádky ze staré Prahy. (Golem et autres contes et légendes juifs du Vieux Prague), Prague, Editions d’Etat du Livre pour enfants, 1968, 174 pages. 6. Černý Bohumil: Vražda v Polné. (Le meurtre de Polná), Prague, Editions „Magnet“ du Ministère de la Défense Nationale ,1968, 215 pages. 7. Fuks, Ladislav: Pan Theodor Mundstock. (Monsieur Théodore Mundstock), Prague, Ecrivain tchécoslovaque, 1969, 180 pages. 8. Fuks, Ladislav: Smrt morčete, sbírka povídek. (La mort d’un cobbaye. Choix de contes). Prague, Mladá Fronta, 153 pages. 9. Kříž, Ivan: Pravda o zkáze Sodomy. (La vérité sur la destruction de Sodomě), Ecrivain tchécoslovaque, 1968, 733 pages. 10. Hostovský, Egon: Všeobecné spiknutí. (La conspiration générale), Prague, Melantrich 1969, 345 pages.

Мъжете в малките населени места – маргинализирани и нужни

Author(s): Vasil Baltadziev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The present text focuses on the problems faced by the men who live in the contemporary Bulgarian village. Using empirical data gathered in a long period of fieldwork, I discuss some of the aspects related to their daily life and focus on the position they occupy in the community that they are a part of. My observation showed that in many of the villages I visited, alcohol consumption was seen more as a part of everyday life, young men who consumed large amounts were looked with compation by the older generation, who often needed their physical help. The exception was in cases in which alcohol dependence led to more complex problems – for example, aggression or abuse. The case in Northwestern Bulgaria is specific and more problematic. The poverty of the region, combined with high unemployment, had created a bleaker picture. The local image of the “ pustinyaka” had a lot more of the characteristics usually associated with a marginal person.

Управление при бедствия в България: два случая на скорошни наводнения от юни 2023 г..

Author(s): Vanya Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The article presents and analyses disaster management in Bulgaria with a focus on floods based on two recent examples in the town of Berkovitsa and the town of Etropole from June 2023. An overview is given of definitions, strategic documents, and legislation at the national and local level on disaster management mechanisms in particular floods and the key actors on the ground. The article discusses the idea, put forward by Lisa Irene Saban, that public administration can facilitate the possibility of mutual empowerment between structures ' above’ (state apparatus) and ‘below’ (volunteers, residents in general) through collaboration with active civil society associations during natural disasters. Based on the tracking of the two flood cases, the article traces the stages that characterize the management process: (1)preparing for a disaster before it occurs, (2) developing disaster response measures, and (3)relief and recovery after natural disasters occur.