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Wymiar społeczny programu Mia100 Kamienic w Łodzi

Author(s): Bartosz Bartosiewicz,Agnieszka Podyma,Monika Warczyńska,Anna Sikora / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 15/2016

The article presents results of a survey conducted among ‘new residents’– those who moved into buildings renovated in the Program City of a Hundred Tenement Houses for the first time. The main goal of the article is to present the identified reasons for choosing a given place of residence and evaluations of this decision. The survey was carried out in buildings from which all ormost of the residents moved out in connection with the repair and renovation works.W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w 2015 r. wśród mieszkańców budynków wyremontowanych w ramach Programu Mia100 Kamienic w Łodzi. Głównym celem jest przedstawienie motywów i oceny decyzji o wyborze miejsca zamieszkania. Badania odbyły się w budynkach, w których do początku 2015 r. został zakończony remont kapitalny kamienicy, związany z wyprowadzką wszystkich lub większości mieszkańców.

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Zagadnienia przestrzenne a postulaty i idee ruchu miast cittaslow

Author(s): Rafał Blazy / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 17/2016

The Slow City movement or Cittaslow began with an association of four Italian cities in 1999, and is developing very rapidly in Europe and beyond. In Poland at the moment it associates 20 cities. This movement aims at the development of small towns based on criteria designed to respect the quality of life in the spirit of the ideology of „slow life”. Its program contains a prototype system for quantifying factors that determine granting a city the title of Slow City. Such town are to become ideal places for a more hygienic and harmonious way of life, in line with our biological clock. The author made an attempt in this article to look at the philosophy of the movement from the perspective of spatial issues. The text presents selected solutions in the area of spatial planning and urban design in line with the ideological demands of the association.Ruch Slow City lub Cittaslow rozpoczął się od stowarzyszenia czterech włoskich miast w 1999 roku. Od tej pory rozwija się niezwykle prężnie w Europie i poza jej granicami. W Polsce w chwili obecnej stowarzysza on 20 miast. Ruch ten zmierza do rozwoju małych miasteczek w oparciu o kryteria mające na celu poszanowanie jakości życia w duchu ideologii „slow life”. W swoim programie zawiera prototypowy system kwantyfikacji czynników, które decydują o nadaniu miastu tytułu Slow City. W odniesieniu do zagadnień przestrzennych przedmiotowe miasteczka mają stać się miejscami idealnymi dla prowadzenia niepowtarzalnego – zgodnego z naszym zegarem biologicznym, bardziej higienicznego i harmonijnego sposobu życia. Autor w swoim artykule podjął próbę spojrzenia na filozofię ruchu z punktu widzenia zagadnień przestrzennych. Tekst jest przykładem przedstawienia wybranych rozwiązań przestrzennych i urbanistycznych w odniesieniu do postulatów ideowych stowarzyszenia.

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Trzy wymiary użytecznego miasta

Author(s): Maciej Błaszak,Artur Fojud / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2016

The paper analyzes three dimensions of the usable city: experiential, functional and rational. These dimensions are connected with three types of mental experiences, respectively, sensational, per- ceptional and conceptual, and with three neural networks: salience, central executive and default mode. It is argued that sensations refer to the physical space of the city, perceptions to the functional niche of the city, and concepts to the values implemented in the brain and recognized in the urban objects during their usage. The notion of the usable city is tightly connected with the notion of the happy city: three brain networks computing the information about dimensions of the usable city generate three parameters of happiness: pleasure, satisfaction, and one’s potential realization.

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Ekonomia współdzielenia jako alternatywny kierunek rozwoju miast

Author(s): Marcin Banaszek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

The sharing economy is becoming part of an area of the social economy and constitutes new economicsocial course built around human and financial resources. The purpose of this article is presentation of theoretical and practical approach towards sharing economy in the context of municipal issues. As a means of pooling expertise the article uses literature studies in the scope of sharing economy. Thinking about the future of cities should be directed at creating new community strategies, in which the idea of sharing economy can be helpful. The sharing economy is giving a number of solutions which it is possible to take into account in the development strategy of Polish cities in order to improve the quality of life of residents.

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Władza i panowanie w neoliberalnym mieście semiperyferyjnym. Zarys problemu

Author(s): Zbigniew Rykiel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

This article applies to five basic conceptual approaches involving concepts and theories related to five major notions or their groups. The first part of the article refers to the concepts of power, rule, domination and violence, and their sociological theories. Forms of capital accumulation are discussed in the second part of the paper. The third part, resulting from the above, is devoted to the concepts of globalisation, neo-liberalism and precarisation, as well as – associated with the latter – change in the class structure based on commodification and junkisation. The fourth part, referring to the concepts of core and periphery, applies to polarisation of economic and social space, as well as semi-peripherality and semi-peripheral mentality. The fifth part, in reference to these concepts, is devoted to a discussion of the city and metropolis as forms of capital accumulation, and it also analyses the urban movements.

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Environmental Conflicts in Port Cities

Author(s): Robert Bartłomiejski / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

The aim of the article is to introduce a framework for difficult port – city relations and competing interests of port, local communities and the environment. The main cause for port-generated environmental conflicts lays in the impact of ports on urban and marine system. Five types of port-generated environmental conflicts have been identified and described: conflicts for conservation of biodiversity, conflicts over coastal defence, conflict over portgenerated risks and hazards, conflicts over land-use change, conflicts over access.

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Wizjonerzy z pól kukurydzy

Author(s): Grażyna Kurowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

I’m going along the roadside. The space is everywhere, in the background I can see trees. The sun shines, I unbutton my jacket and take a breath of fresh, March air. Well, I guess I’ve gone too far. Fresh air in Zabrze? Idę poboczem. Wszędzie przestrzeń, z daleka widać drzewa. Świeci słońce, rozpinam kurtkę i nabieram haust świeżego, marcowego powietrza. No, chyba się zagalopowałam. W Zabrzu świeże powietrze?

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„Zaufaj dobrym radom”. Uwarunkowania i przesłanki rozwoju rad dzielnic na przykładzie Gdańska

Author(s): Jan Frankowski,Maja Grabkowska / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

Within the past few years in Polish cities there has been a rise in residents’ participation in decision-making at the neighbourhood level. One of its symptoms is the creation and functioning of auxiliary units. Such is the situation in Gdansk, where before 2010 there existed only a few of them, while in 2015 district councils were elected in 29 out of 34 units. The aim of the paper is to diagnose the conditions of bottom-up activity of inhabitants of Gdansk in the elections to the district councils as well as to investigate their associations with other forms of civic engagement. The paper also presents motivations for initiation of district councils and the way they operate in, especially in consideration of their limited competence. The applied methods include a review of legal documents and a statistical analysis of the election results, including socio-economic characteristics in specific districts. Additionally, individual interviews with representatives of district councils were conducted to complement the picture.

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Współczesne problemy w zagospodarowaniu Łodzi w opinii użytkowników przestrzeni miejskiej

Author(s): Iwona Pielesiak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

In this article urban users’ perception of problems in the development of Lódz is analyzed. It concerns 160 essays prepared by young people who move around the city regularly. The opinions were supplemented by the author with objective data. The paper examines the range of problems and reasons for their appearance, spatial pattern and ownership of estates affected by improprieties, and presents solutions suggested in this field. People participating in the research heavily criticized negligence and devastation of the urban tissue in the central part of the city, as well as disruptions of spatial order in its visual dimension. According to subjective opinions, the main actors responsible for those problems are private investors and the authorities who carry out investment projects, pass law and execute it. Among crucial actions suggested for solving problems in the built environment there are infrastructural investments as well as optimization of local law and administrative procedures.

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Partycypacja obywateli w polityce rozwoju śląskich miast

Author(s): Agnieszka Sobol,Monika Krakowiak-Drzewiecka / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

The issue of inhabitants’ participation in policy making is becoming more and more important in the practice of Polish cities. It should be noted, however, that the undertaken initiatives can be both optional or resulting from the national regulations. Therefore the experience of different cities in terms of citizen involvement and empowerment of the process of local development are very diverse. In order to promote good practices we need to systematize knowledge relating to the topic in question. We also need to analyze strategic documents elaborated by cities and initiatives realized in practice. The article aims – at least partially – to fill in the gap existing in the presented scientific field, based on examples from the region of Silesia. It focuses on civic participation in the local policy in selected Silesian cities: Rybnik, Czestochowa and Dabrowa Górnicza.

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Zagospodarowanie Rodzinnych Ogrodów Działkowych (ROD) na przykładzie ROD im. Józefa Chociszewskiego w Poznaniu

Author(s): Dominika Dymek,Leszek Bednorz / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

Nowadays, allotment gardens are the bane of many urban planners. The biggest allegations against allotment gardens are the lack of accessibility for local community and highly controversial aesthetics of many plots, which results from the large freedom in ways of their development. The Józef Chociszewski Family Allotment Garden (FAG) in Poznan is one of the oldest allotment complexes in Poznan. Its characteristic feature are the uniform bowers built by prisoners-of-war, which make a very important element of the spatial composition of this complex. The paper aims to present current trends in the way the plots are developed in family allotment gardens, using the example of Józef Chociszewski FAG in Poznan. The results of an inventory of 25 randomly selected plots showed a high diversity in the way of their management. The vast majority of plots have a large share of lawn area in proportion to the total area of the plots and a low share of the area designed for growing vegetables. This fact indicates a change in the allotment gardens function from productive to leisure-recreational one.

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Koncepcja osiedla rekreacyjnego? Przykład osiedla Lykke w Warszawie

Author(s): Magdalena Fuhrmann / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

Lykke housing estate is the first housing estate in Warsaw, whose main idea is to develop and support physical activity of its inhabitants. In order to achieve this goal, Lykke housing estate was appropriately planned and located in a special neighbourhood of green areas and sports infrastructure. The research carried out among the inhabitants of Lykke showed that the idea of recreational space organisation is perceived in a positive light and is readily made use of by inhabitants, the public space of Lykke presenting crucial potential for the development of an active lifestyle.

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The development of Łódź in view of its candidature to host the international specialized Expo

Author(s): Monika Maria Cysek-Pawlak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

The article opens the discussion about the strategic directions of the development of Lodz in the context of the application to organize the Expo 2022 put forward by the Polish government. The aim of the study is to assess the influence of the International Exposition on urban policy. The methodology rests on a careful analysis of the current activities carried out by the public authorities, both at the ministerial and city council levels. The juxtaposition of the adopted strategy in Lodz with the practical aspects of organizing the previous exhibitions forms an important part of the analysis. The study shows that the event focused onrevitalisation may complement projects which are being introduced today. In the context of the dynamics of post-industrial city development, the Expo 2022 in Lodz may become an open platform for experience exchange and redefine the image of the analyzed area.

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Prawo do miasta jako nowy kierunek rozwoju miast

Author(s): Agnieszka Szpak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 25/2017

The article presents the emerging right to the city in the context of urban sustainable development and the future of cities. Cities are places where people live, work and spend their free time. Despite the fact that it is cities that generate a lot of problems, such as pollution, overpopulation and unemployment, it is also in cities where attempts are undertaken to solve these problems. The concept of the right to the city, which to some extent is a response to a variety of critical challenges facing cities, can be regarded as defining the new direction in urban development. After the presentation of the origins and the content of the rightto the city, the author tries to answer the question about the normative character and impact of this right.

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Промене у друштвеној структури и улога сељаштва

Author(s): Srđan Lj. Šljukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 146/2014

Modernization processes in rural areas not only lead to the separation of peasant (traditional) and rural, due to the deagrarization and changes of cultural and political patterns, but also to full integration of agriculture into the social division of labor. As a part of economy, agriculture, in a social sense, ceased to be linked exclusively to rural areas, which enables the distinction between sociology of agriculture and rural sociology. In this paper, the changes in class/strata structure of agriculture that took place during the last two decades in the Serbian society are described and explained. After that, an attempt was made to explain this new structure in the context of a broader structure of Serbian society and its reproduction, taking into the consideration the existing views (Lazić/Cvejić). The author especially emphasises his critical views on some disputable issues.

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Transformation of the Memory and Symbolism of Local Space in the Process of European Integration

Author(s): Józef Niżnik / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

European integration impacts the perception and symbolism of space, and the resultant transformation seems to be linked to changes in memory. Both of these factors belong to the deep, although not always conscious effects of integration. Memory is rarely stable. The biographical events in an individual's life, along with changes in the meaning of the broad European space, affect the symbolism of a local space as developed in both individual and collective memory. This also transforms the memory and symbolism of even the most intimate experience of a local space-and again, this takes place both in the memory of individuals and in the collective memory of local communities. Its form greatly depends on the variety of agents involved in public discourse, such as the media and the arguments made by political and religious leaders. One of the factors involved is the change in social and cultural perspective created by the expanded area of easily accessible space, which in today's EU includes countries once separated by physically experienced borders. In the article I will attempt to identify and describe the mechanisms involved in transforming the symbolism of local space. One of the issues addressed will be the confrontation between advancing cosmopolitanism and the rise of attachment to localities.

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Czynniki warunkujące preferencje i działania samorządów gminnych w Polsce w zakresie łagodzenia i adaptacji do zmian klimatycznych

Author(s): Marta Lackowska,Paweł Swianiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 149/2017

In the article we analyze types and determinants of local climate policies undertaken by Polish communes. We use a distinction between adaptation and mitigation policies. Our study is based on a survey on all Polish communes conducted in 2014 (response rate 51%). The research has revealed a far-reaching coherence of situation in Polish and foreign communes (when compared to foreign literature). Polish communes declare most frequently mitigation activities, which we explain by national and EU support. Obligation for local plans of low emission economy, together with financial incentives for this goal has led to a local focus being placed on air quality. Among the factors explaining differentiation in locally undertaken actions, the most important one is size (population) of a commune (which influences e.g. the competences of local administration). In the case of adaptation, the perceived vulnerability of a commune (experience of past and expectation of future extreme weather events related to water) is also important. Other factors, like the affluence of municipality a commune, has turned out to have secondary importance, determined by size. When looking at determinants of the will to spend more money on mitigation than adaptation, we have discovered that it depends on the conviction that human activity influences climate changes and that local governments should undertake climate policies.

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Czy mieszkańcy miast preferują tereny cenne przyrodniczo pod budowę domu pod miastem? Studium strefy podmiejskiej Olsztyna

Author(s): Alina Źróbek-Różańska,Anna Źróbek-Sokolnik,Piotr Dynowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 149/2017

Dynamic migrations from urban to suburban areas and related to them development of residential buildings in rural areas are both desirable by local authorities and raise many concerns, including anticipation of natural environmental values degradation. The source of those concerns is common opinion, that urban people prefer moving out toward areas with exceptional natural environmental values and, through transforming them with intensive residential building, eventually destroy them. The aim of the article was the attempt to find the answer for the following question: do urban people actually select areas with exceptional natural environmental values for their suburban residential houses? What are their motives to select the particular localization for suburban homes? Studies were carried out in the area including all communes surrounding Olsztyn, the capital of Warmia and Mazury region, where almost half of the region’s area is legally protected. Achieving the aim required considering natural environmental values, analyzing the preferences toward suburban localization for residential buildings and its actual concentration. As a result, it was eventually verified, that areas with exceptional environmental values were not simultaneously attractive for residential building, therefore properly directed suburbanization do not have to explicitly mean environmental degradation, but can even contribute to gentrification of villages located in the areas that are of less importance for agriculture or maintaining valuable ecosystems.

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Instytucjonalna ciągłość i zmiana w społeczności lokalnej. Na przykładzie zarządzania wspólnymi zasobami w Jurgowie, wsi polskiego Spisza

Author(s): Piotr Chmielewski,Jan Chmielewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2017

The article includes analysis of continuity and change of institutional rules applicable to governing the common-pool forest resources in possession of local community of Jurgów village, located within Polish Spisz. As a result of occurring change, traditionally exploited part of environmental resources was repositioned into modern winter sports resort. Such innovative adaptation required, and was challenged, by new collective action that was introduced by local society as common approach. It is such roles of local society members’ representatives, described as ‘occasional leaders’ and ‘institutional entrepreneurs’, that were taking major part in this complex process of transformation. Also noteworthy is that this task was to certain extent simplified by their traditionally rooted within local community resolving of social dilemmas skills, comparably high level of social capital, trust gained over the years among community members and cultural resources of Spisz area. The article directs readers attention towards need of Polish research on common pool resources, indicating that aspects of institutional-organizational structure, as well as, social-cultural diversity is particularly important in face of such changes taking place. This text was also result of qualitative research inspired by new institutionalism theories, in particular ‘Institutional Analysis and Development”.

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Coping Patterns in Challenging Neighborhoods: The Example of Cologne-Chorweiler

Author(s): Sebastian Kurtenbach / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This study investigates the patterns of perception and coping strategies of residents of a segregated neighborhood through an explorative design. It contributes to the growing body of literature on neighborhood effects. After a short overview about the state of the art with an emphasis on the vulnerability and exposure hypotheses, the challenging neighborhood Cologne-Chorweiler (Germany) is described using sociodemographic data at neighborhood level (N=86) and interviews with experts (N=10). Afterwards, the perception and coping strategies are analyzed through qualitative interviews with residents (N=44). The results show that Chorweiler is a challenging neighborhood in the perception of its residents. Coping strategies are frustration and resignation as well as avoiding and distance, with different subtypes.

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