Hrvatski na uvjetnoj slobodi

Author(s): Ivo Žanić / Language(s): Croatian

Nakon višegodišnje duboke političke krize u Hrvatskoj su se 1906. Održali slobodni izbori na kojima je pobijedila Hrvatsko-srpska koalicija Frana Supila, te u svibnju izabrala 40 izaslanika za zasjedanje zajedničkoga, Hrvatsko-ugarskog sabora u Budimpešti. Ali, nade se u sporazum s također novom ugarskom vlašću ipak ne ostvaruju, rasprave u Budimpešti sve su mučnije, te 3. srpnja 1907. završavaju demonstrativnim odlaskom hrvatskih zastupnika. Na početku te zadnje sjednice, dok je govorio izaslanik Hrvatskog sabora, neki su zastupnici Mađari nešto došapnuli predsjedniku ugarske vlade i ministru financija Sandoru Wekerleu, a on smjesta to prenio predsjedatelju Istvanu Rakovszkom.

Theoretical frameworks in the study of press advertisements: Polish, English and Chinese perspective

Author(s): Adam Wojtaszek / Language(s): English

There are several aspects in which the present book is unique. First of all, it tests the analytic potential of theoretical concepts and constructs which have not yet been applied to the analysis of the advertising discourse, although such a possibility was envisaged by some of the authors (e.g. Giora, 2003). Secondly, it offers a comparative elaboration of advertising corpora from three different cultural backgrounds: Polish, British and Chinese; a combination which has not yet been, to the best of my knowledge, covered in literature. Finally, it is also heavily biased towards critical methodological reflection, exposing many aspects of making certain choices vis-à-vis the analytic perspective and material. It was possible, thanks to the application of such a viewpoint, to unmask and appreciate the contribution of the observer effect in the study of the advertising discourse. Especially in the context of application of the Politeness framework to the analysis of commercials the book has managed to demonstrate how big may be the impact of the way of viewing. The evaluation of the practicality, usefulness and common sense of such applications is left to the readers, who may disagree with the author in this respect. The book unfolds in three stages. In the first chapter the contributions of particular types of selective focus applied in the study of advertisements are presented and critically evaluated. In particular, the impacts of choices pertaining to the object of the study, the preference for the approach (bottom-up versus top-down) and the alternatives implicit in opting for the content analysis or the investigation of responses were examined. The second chapter elaborates on an attempt to look at the advertising discourse from the perspective of Politeness Theory, as a peculiar forms of communication between the advertiser and the recipients. Following an extensive discussion of the applicability of the framework and the necessary methodological modifications, a two-step study is presented in which Polish, British and Chinese participants were reflectively commenting on a selection of press advertisements from three corresponding corpora. The subsequent comparative investigation of their responses allowed for identification of language- and culturerelated idiosyncrasies. The third chapter, which is the most extensive, is divided into two major parts. The first one draws upon Giora’s (2003) Graded Salience Hypothesis in proposing the constructs of static and dynamic salience which are subsequently used in the analysis of the corpora, followed by the investigation of Optimal Innovation Hypothesis applied to selected advertisements. In the second part of the third chapter, Kecskes’s (2008) model is applied to the description of advertisements from Polish, British and Chinese newspapers and magazines. In particular, the notion of context is decomposed into several distinct sub-categories, conveniently summarising and explicating the contributions offered by each of them.

Złe miasta

Author(s): Waldemar Kuligowski / Language(s): Polish

Zbiór tekstów antropologa, podróżnika i redaktora „Czasu Kultury”, poświęcony przygodom kultury w globalnym świecie. Wraz z autorem odbywamy podróż do Koniakowa, gdzie polskie koronczarki produkowały słynne stringi, by przez osiedla Czefurów w Lublanie trafić do Palestyny i przyjrzeć się korzeniom arabskiego hip-hopu. Jest to również antropologiczna podróż po obszarach tradycji – Waldemar Kuligowski bierze na warsztat nie tylko polską kulturę ludową, ale także romskie małżeństwa nieletnich czy jugosłowiański patriarchalizm.

PŁEĆ W INSTYTUCJE UWIKŁANA

Author(s): Katarzyna Leszczyńska / Language(s): Polish

Katarzyna Leszczyńska podejmuje temat ważny i właściwie zupełnie nierozpoznany. Jej publikacja wnosi szczególnie potrzebny wymiar naukowego namysłu nad problemami nie tylko budzącymi emocje, lecz także otoczonymi stereotypami i uprzedzeniami. Chodzi mianowicie o właściwe rozumienie problemów płci obecnych w instytucjach kościelnych. Najciekawszym jej wymiarem jest zderzenie założeń teoretycznych i doktryny Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego z praktyką, a dokładniej ze świadomością świeckich katolików pracujących w kościelnych instytucjach.

ROZKOSZ ZEMSTY

Author(s): Lech M. Nijakowski / Language(s): Polish

Książka poświęcona jest ludobójstwom, czystkom etnicznym i masakrom. Autor stara się wyjaśnić, w jaki sposób dochodzi do tych krwawych aktów zbiorowej przemocy – jak mobilizowani są ludzie i zasoby. W pracy opisano i porównano 12 różnych przypadków ludobójstw totalnych i częściowych – od ludobójstwa Indian w drugiej połowie XIX-wieku w Stanach Zjednoczonych po rzeź Tutsi i Twa w Rwandzie w 1994 roku. Jest to pierwsza praca polskiego autora przedstawiająca tak rozległą socjologiczną komparatystykę ludobójstw. Wypracowany w niej model wyjaśniania został odniesiony do przypadku zemsty na Niemcach po II wojnie światowej. Autor pokazuje dlaczego – mimo różnych zbrodni i okrucieństw – nie doszło do ludobójstwa Niemców. Wykorzystuje w tym celu m.in. 60 wywiadów pogłębionych i narracyjnych ze świadkami epoki. Silną stroną książki jest transdycyplinarność i odwołanie się w niej do szerokiej perspektywy dziejowej, właściwej socjologii historycznej.Jako historyka zainteresował mnie odnotowany przez Autora wpływ ludobójstwa na dalszą historię społeczności – co jest fragmentem szerszego tematu oddziaływania przeszłości na przyszłość. Idzie nie tylko o zjawiska demograficzne. Idzie także o punkt odniesienia społeczności, o traktowanie przeszłości jako czynnika jednoczącego grupę. Te zagadnienia Autor przedstawia wysoce interesująco. (...) Zdecydowanie popieram ideę publikacji omawianej pracy. Uważam, że może mieć ona duże znaczenie dla dalszego kierunku rozwoju polskiej humanistyki.

WARTOŚCI I ZMIANY

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Polish

Procesy przekształceń ustrojowych w Polsce oraz integracji i rozszerzania Unii Europejskiej skłaniają do stawiania pytań, jak zmieniają się w tym czasie wartości Polaków, ich przekonania o tym, co jest cenne, dobre i ważne, a także o tym, w jaki sposób można i należy te wartości osiągać. Autorzy zebranych tu prac podjęli zadanie sprawdzenia hipotez przewidujących różne kierunki zmian wartości w Polsce i w innych krajach Europy. Odwołując się do danych z międzynarodowych badań porównawczych europejskich wartości (European Values Study), pokazują zarówno wspólne trendy zmian, jak i odstępstwa od nich, wahania i załamania. Odkrywają złożoność relacji między zmianami gospodarczymi, społecznymi i politycznymi zachodzącymi w Polsce i innych krajach europejskich a przekształceniami wartości i postaw ich mieszkańców. Ujawniają sprzeczności, niespójności i rozbieżności w tych procesach, stanowiące potencjalne źródła napięć i konfliktów.

KOBIETY (W) NAUCE

Author(s): Aleksandra Derra / Language(s): Polish

Przyglądam się krytycznie nauce, bo zależy mi, by jej praktyki były lepsze. Życzę sobie, naiwnie i utopijnie, by jej wytwory, niezaprzeczalnie obdarzone potencjałem emancypacyjnym, można było wykorzystywać do naprawiania świata, a przynajmniej jego kawałków.Feminizm rozumiany jako interwencje jest dobrą ilustracją zamiany pierwszoosobowego doświadczenia wykluczenia na działania, które służą poszerzaniu wolności innych, pomnażaniu wspólnego dobra. Jest doskonałym dowodem na to, że teoria filozoficzna może nie tylko usensawniać świat i współtworzyć kulturę, lecz także zmotywować do zmiany życia zbiorowego i panujących w nim praktyk.

Еластичен (пост)секуларизъм

Author(s): Anna Krasteva / Language(s): Bulgarian

Osoby z niepełnosprawnością a przestrzeń muzealna. Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Aneta Pawłowska,Anna Wendorff / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Audiodeskrypcja sztuk pięknych. Studium przypadku łódzkich muzeów

Author(s): Anna Wendorff / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article deals with an issue of audio description (AD), verbal description of visual content, transmitted with the use of the auditory system to visually impaired people. The analysis covers audio description of works of art. The paper presents the origins of AD of fine arts in Poland and across the world. It describes types of audio description in museums and principles of its creation. Another discussed issue of borrowing visual sensations through haptic, kinesthetic or olfactory senses that accompany AD. The reader may find examples of audio description from Łódź museums: the Museum of Art in Łódź (ms1, ms2, Herbst Palace Museum) and the Museum of the City of Łódź.

Audiodeskrypcja – przedmiot akademicki, praktyka muzealna czy wyzwanie dla informatyków?

Author(s): Aneta Pawłowska,Artur Hłobaż,Adam Drozdowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Social integration and activation of people with visual impairment is one of the most important challenges in modern democratic countries. Due to the rise of awareness, there has been an increase in number of projects undertaken by cultural institutions to enable visually impaired consumers receive culture in a broad sense. The process is vital because, culture has become more and more visually oriented. Audio description (a way of translating visual to auditory) is one of the best ways to enable blind people to receive sport and theatrical events but also exhibitions and works of art. The main problem discussed among specialists in the field right now is the question of objectivity, that should be the main rule to follow, while creating a description and what how it should be used. Another vital issue is the participation of people with visual impairment in the cyber environment and exploring the ways in which state of the art technology can help the efforts of audiodescribers, museums and art galleries in matters of enabling. For several years prof. Aneta Pawłowska from the Department of Art History at University of Łódź, has conducted a research project which main aim is to provide audio descriptions for a number of museums in Łódź. The main aim of constant drive for improvement, interdisciplinary character of the works and the cooperation with Department of Spanish and Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics is to research audio description as a method of enabling, teach it’s basics to the students and create descriptions for cultural institutions in Łódź.

Elementy nacechowane kulturowo i ich opis w tłumaczonej audiodeskrypcji do dzieł plastycznych na przykładzie Muzeum Julio Romero de Torres

Author(s): Agnieszka Palion-Musioł / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The key issue of this article centers on the proposal of the translation of audio description of works of art as a method of creating a new script of the work of art. The inclusion of audio description in the scope of Translation Studies and, in particular, within intersemiotic translation in line with the triadic division of Jacobson, gives the possibility of using translating strategies to transfer culture-specific elements denominated here as cultureme. The aim being to explain to the recipients occurrences that are foreign to them. Our starting point in this analysis are the audio description extracts of work of art of cultural values which a featured in the virtual guide of the Museum of Julio Romero de Cordoba. The translated audio description fragments contain specific culturemes, which can evoke doubts or incomprehension in the Polish recipient of the translated script. Key words:.

Wykluczenie kulturalne osób Głuchych i słabosłyszących w świecie kultury i muzeów

Author(s): Agnieszka Kołodziejczak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Hearing persons have a free touch with World of the Culture and Art. The article deals with the problems of Deaf and hard of hearing persons, who through the partial or complete lack of the hearing have a limited access to culture (theatre, exhibitions with the guide, museums, libraries, etc.)? It results in lack of interest with involvement in the culture, even if the cultural offer is interesting and rich. However, the situation is changing on better. What effective action should be ta ken? The article is taking issues of excluding deaf persons from information about cultural actions of cultural institutes in Poland, is discussing essential stereotypes of the approach towards deaf persons, diversity of the deaf community and is taking into account statistics of the involvement of deaf persons in the culture.

Nieznane oblicza kultury Głuchych – sztuka

Author(s): Anna Lewandowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Art allows artists to express emotions, their outlook on the world. It depicts both the undiscovered and uncharted soul of each artist, and each ordinary viewer. For many Deaf artists it is a means by which they try to present the viewer their attitude toward the outside world. By art Deaf people show their distinct identity. The beginning of contemporary Deaf art is associated with the 1960s, yet it still remains unknown. Thus it is justified to study it and present its beauty to the hearing majority.

Niepełnosprawny odbiorca sztuki w aspekcie integracji społecznej

Author(s): Agnieszka Chęć-Małyszek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The quality of people’s life with disabilities for some time has been one of the leading social issues. There is a conviction, that people with disabilities in order to fully participate in social life, should have access to the enjoyment of all social goods, spiritual and material, what civilization offers. There are more steps nowadays to change the image of people with disabilities and allow them enjoying the art, culture or politic. Launching a wide range of this kind of mechanisms represents a major step towards social integration between people with or without disabilities and communion with art reveals the meaning of life, giving it a new value.

Osoby z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną posługujące się wspomagającymi i alternatywnymi sposobami porozumiewania się w muzeum

Author(s): Paulina Szeląg / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses the issues related to the provision of cultural texts (art, literature) and the content of the museum exhibition to people with intellectual disabilities using augmentative and alternative communication, especially picture systems. At the present time, museums are places where people with disabilities can come into contact with art in an accessible way. These are institutions that try to abolish barriers in access to culture and have a strong imperative of inclusion of everyone. Such openness was brought about by a two-hundred-year history characterized by gradual widening of the public. A special place among spectators with intellectual disabilities, take those who use augmentative and alternative communication especially picture systems. PCS System (Picture Communication Symbols) is one of the most popular and understandable systems of this kind. PIC (Pictogram Ideogram Communication) is also popular. The paper discusses the goals, methods of work, resources, dictionaries used during classes using AAC at the museum. He also points out the importance of cooperation between the museum and the support person (teacher), describes the planning and conducting schedule of museum activities. Paper also presents the project „Pan Tadeusz” for people with intellectual disabilities, which is addressed to people with intellectual disabilities, using augmentative and alternative communication.

Muzeum chce Cię poznać – czego muzeum może nauczyć się od osób niepełnosprawnych

Author(s): Paulina Długosz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

EU directives or the need to build a wide audience are the main reasons why museums take action to make their exhibitions available to people with disabilities. However the experience of the Museum of City of Łódź related to the dissemination of fine arts, shows that cooperation with people with disabilities is not only a need to adapt to top-down requirements, but also creates a number of educational opportunities for employees and museum guests without disabilities. Projects presented in the paper – implemented by the Museum of the City of Łódź in 2013–2016 – are an example of efforts to adapt the museum’s space to the needs of people with visual and hearing impairments, as well as other types of disabilities. Their analysis – made both from the perspective of a museologist and an educator – presents the opportunities and difficulties associated with cooperation with disabled people and the potential of using the museum space in special pedagogy. Critical evaluation of the tasks carried out may be a commentary on the problem of hidden segregation and inadequate integration of disabled people and thus underline the advisability of applying the principles of universal design and inclusive education.

Interkulturni (kon)tekst bosanskohercegovačke interliterarne zajednice

Author(s): Šeherzada Džafić / Language(s): Bosnian

The interculturality advocated by philosophers from ancient civilizations is gaining even more importance nowadays, because the deletion of borders and striving for global unification require the strengthening of cultural communities and their interaction with others. The cultural communities that went through the unification phase in their past and then the disunion, those that converted from large multicultural communities into less intercultural and interliterary communities are South Slavic literatures. The intercultural study of the South Slavic interdisciplinary community has its foundations in Slovak literary historiography where the concept of intercultural study is offered and elaborated by the Slovak comparativist Dionyz Ďurišin. Looking up to the German cultural and literary practice, Ďurišin introduced the terms intercultural and interliterary in the literary theory and elaborated the interliterary communities, pointing out that one of the forms of literary-historical synthesis of general creations such as the interliterary communities is the study of their individual components under the conditions of their reciprocity. In the central South Slavic interliterary community (especially in Bosnian and Croatian literatures), looking up to some aspects of German and Slovak literature, Zvonko Kovac supports such an approach and emphasizes – Kovac believes that this cultural dialogue, or literary production, has taken place more and more in internationally-dependent societies – in specific interliterary communities – through a specific interliterary process. In this regard, we come up to two possible directions in the diachronic and synchronic study of literature. The first direction leads us to national concepts in which culture (including literature and other arts) closes into its own circle, not allowing to expand and enrich. Contrary to it, the second direction allows interaction that liberates culture and makes it accessible. The first concept in the practice until now has left cultures poor, while the other has been directed towards enrichment and spreading of ideas and cultural values. This book aims at pointing to the common past, which still gives writers the right to opt for double affiliation and even multiple affiliation to certain cultures within the community, especially in Bosnian culture and literature (on the example of writers such as Mesa Selimovic, Ivo Andric, Branko Copic, Skender Kulenovic, Mirko Kovac and Irfan Horozovic).

«На одно крыло — серебряная, На другое — золотая...» - Памяти Светланы Рябцевой

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Russian

This collection of selected papers is dedicated to the memory of Svetlana S. Ryabtseva (1966—2019), a very pure soul, scholar, archaeologist, leading student of the history of medieval gold-work, costume and jewelry set of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe. As both Russian and Moldovan researcher, she took a unique place in science: her stuides became a ‘bridge between East and West’, i.e. between studies of Eastern, South-Eastern and Central Europe. Her life was short, but she left a very good heritage. It consists not only of her outstanding academic writings, but also her true and positive inspiration, which emanated from her and was shared between her family, friends and colleagues. The volume contains papers written by researchers from Moldova, Russia, Ukraine, Romania, Belarus, Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland, France and the United Kingdom.

Класици, изгнаници, емигранти

Author(s): Lyubka Lipcheva-Prandzheva / Language(s): Bulgarian

No literature is so big or so small as to exist in one language only. Translation both as an independent research field and as an effective analytical lens lies at the core of this study. The introductory part outlines the wide range of theoretical models which are related to the study of translation transfer (or of translation “paraphrase” should we choose to employ romantic categories). It introduces the concept of translation memory that aims to encompass the complexity of information which a text in translation yields. On one hand these are the particularities of the two contexts in which the translation occurs (the field of literary sociology), on the other these relate to those stylistic choices in the act of translation as an act of interpretation which shape the quality of the cultural transfer (the realm of the poetics of translation). The goal of the study is to demonstrate how efficient the activation of this translation memory is, and can be, for national literary history through the German translations of Bulgarian authors. The case studies included in the book cover nearly 140 years of literary history in Bulgaria – from the first attempts towards constructing a new national literature in the 1880s to current literary events. The approach undertaken here follows and traces the trajectory of dynamically widening readings of national literature. The study bounces off the epicenter of those texts which shape its canonical body(Vazov, Yavorov, Yovkov), then it touches upon the intentional and/or forced residence of authorial texts within the linguistic world of others (Kiril Hristov, Hristo Ognyanov, Dimitar Inkyov in the German speaking context) and concludes with the polyphony of bilingual and/or multilingual writing aimed at multilingual reading (Dimitar Dinev and Iliya Troyanov among a number of others).The translations are discussed through a dynamically changing analytical prism. The case studies rely on the personal archives of the authors as well as their translators and the records of publishing houses; the analysis recruits facts that appear in memoirs and correspondence. The interpretation offers synchronous reading of journalistic, political and literary texts. At times the comparative reading of authorial and translated texts includes the so-called “back” translation which allows us to throw in stark relief the interpretative will of the translator. In some cases comparisons are drawn between translation storylines in other linguistic contexts: Russian, Czech, Croatian, French, etc. When awoken and semantically decoded, translated memory allows for a multifaceted reconstruction of cultural overtones at the respective temporal junction. What is more, it builds visions that are surprisingly different from the familiar (internally contextual) historiographical stories about the same periods (for instance the 1890s, the 1930s or the 1990s). This gradually widening its scope reading focuses on literary identity and its translated construction. The book follows the storylines of those textual/linguistic/cultural transfers which carve the status of the Patriarch of Bulgarian literature for IvanVazov; which lead to the inception of the Tatar-Bulgarian and his coveted Slavs and dream-like or real Germany (in the plural) with Kiril Hristov; which preserve the language of the symbolists so that the Bulgarian biographer of St. Francis could find his tongue (Hristo Ognyanov); which create dissidents, agents, and collectors of worlds… That is, all those figures of Bulgarian literary history that were born in the overtones between at least two languages .