Invencija i in(ter)vencija: retorika balkanizacije

Author(s): Vesna Goldsworthy / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

»Bacite pogled na ovu mapu«, obratio se predsednik Klinton (Clinton) američkoj javnosti uoči 24. marta 1999, dok su se NATO-piloti pripremali za napad na Jugoslaviju. »Kosovo jeste malo, ali leži na glavnoj liniji rascepa između Evrope, Azije i Bliskog istoka, upravo na mestu gde se susreću islam s jedne strane, i zapadna i pravoslavna grana hrišćanstva s druge«. I onda nastavlja: »Na jugu se nalaze naši saveznici – Grčka i Turska; na severu – naši novi demokratski saveznici Centralne Evrope. A svud oko Kosova leže druge male zemlje …«.

Virtualni Balkan: imaginarne granice, hiperrealnost i sobe za igranje

Author(s): Aleksandar Bošković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Često se kaže da je konstrukcija etničkih ili kulturnih granica potpuno arbitrarna. Ova arbitrarnost se nikada ne dovodi u pitanje. Štaviše, savremeni antropolozi smatraju koncept »nacije« veoma sličnim konceptu »rase« – naime, radi se o pojmu koji neki ljudi zaista koriste, ali »u stvarnosti« taj pojam nema neko »objektivno« značenje. Naravno, ovo ne znači da se ljudi zaista ne ponašaju na osnovu sopstvenih pretpostavki i predrasuda, koje uključuju ideje izvedene iz koncepta »nacije«. Tako da nešto što ne postoji u »realnosti« može da proizvede vrlo ozbiljne i realne posledice.

Identitet (jedinstva) u izgradnji: o smrti »Balkana« i rođenju »Jugoistočne Evrope«

Author(s): Katerina Kolozova / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Posle raspada Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije na sámom početku 1990ih godina, gotovo istovremeno sa razbuktavanjem nekoliko jugoslovenskih ratova, počinju da se pojavljuju novi konglomerati nacija i država. Ove nove tvorevine stvaraju se od novih država koje izranjaju iz rasparčane Jugoslavije, koja je i dalje u rasparčavanju, kao i iz susednih balkanskih zemalja. Region Jugoistočne Evrope se rodio (ili se još uvek rađa...). To je vreme smrti i vreme rađanja imena: gušeći se u krvi jugoslovenskih ratova, ime »Balkan« umire dok istovremeno na svet dolazi ime »Jugoistočna Evropa«. Balkan umire (i to onako »kako mu priliči« – u krvi), a Evropa se ponovo rađa – na balkanskoj teritoriji.

Simonid na Balkanu: jezik haosa

Author(s): Peter Ramadanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Prema legendi koju su nam preneli Ciceron i Kvintilijan, umetnost pamćenja izumeo je Simonid Kejanin, čuveni grčki pesnik. Jedan imućan čovek, tesalijski plemić Skopas, zatražio je od Simonida da za njega sastavi napev u slavu pobednika bokserskog meča. Budući da je polovina peana bila posvećena Kastoru i Poluksu, mitskim prototipovima boksera, Skopas je odlučio da pesniku isplati samo polovinu ugovorene sume. Drugu polovinu, Skopas reče, platiće Dioskuri.

Trojanskog rata nije bilo. Kosovo: nadziranje i kažnjavanje

Author(s): Stephanos Pesmazoglou / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Očigledno je da jedna ovakva »rasprava« nema jednu ili dve polazne tačke već mnoštvo polazišta koja trpe uticaj socijalnog i nacionalnog okruženja u kome se živi, ideoloških i kulturnih galaksija prema kojima se oseća srodnost. Sadašnje galaksije, tako|e, zavise od planova za budućnost.

Kajmak i demokratija bez masnoća

Author(s): Rada Drezgić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Jednog mog prijatelja je jednom prilikom carinik na čikaškom aerodromu zamolio da mu pomogne da objasni starijem čoveku u srpskoj narodnoj nošnji da u SAD nije dozvoljeno unositi prehrambene proizvode kratkog roka trajanja. Mada je carinik govorio (bivši) srpsko-hrvatski jezik i mada se iz sve snage trudio da junaku ove priče ob- jasni carinska pravila, ovaj je uporno odbijao da se rastane od svoje drvene kačice i njenog dragocenog sadržaja – kajmaka

Street Lit and Subversion

Author(s): Bartosz Stopel / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The aims of this article are twofold. First, it explores some key elements and themes of “street lit”—a movement in contemporary, predominantly African-American fiction that takes place within the urban underwold, describing gang and ghetto life. The commercial success of street lit leads me to reconsider some common approaches to the study of subcultures, underclass, and “alternative communities” within cultural studies. Specifically, I wish to address two major claims which often tend to go together in cultural studies. One of them, which I ascribe to Marcuse, Hebdige, Hall, and others, is the glorification of gangs, subcultures or the underclass as possessing a revolutionary political potential that can challenge the capitalist economical system and lead to social change. The other tendency is what I see as excessive textualisation of the phenomena studied within cultural studies, which results in understanding them either as reinforcing or subverting established cultural codes. I argue that to understand the aforementioned groups as either reinforcing or subverting the dominant economical system is to make a fallacy of excessive textualisation, and that their activities can never fall easily into either category. In the end, the combination of both approaches makes the study of alternative communities and their potential severely flawed.

INTERPRETIRAJUĆI RUMIJA U KONTEKSTU INTERKULTURALNIH STUDIJA

Author(s): Nevad Kahteran / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The essential awareness of the spiritual state of today’s world, and of the question of terrorism, reflects the social pathologies of the modern world− a pathology that is accustoming people to the presence of violence as something quite normal and logical, and where they are all too familiar with danger and the presence of death. So, there is really wide need for studies which will stimulate mutual understanding, inter-faith dialogue and multicultural encounters. Hazrat Mawlana, who is one of the greatest spiritual and literary figures of all time, who advocated unlimited tolerance,and for whom love is the most significant conceptual component in a manner transcending all national, cultural and civilizational bounderies, is undoubtedly the most suitable figure for this task.

KOLEKTIVNE MANIFESTACIJE VJERSKIH SADRŽAJA KAO SOCIOLOŠKO PREPOZNATLJIVE MANIFESTACIJE MUSLIMANSKE PRAKSE U RURALNIM DIJELOVIMA REPUBLIKE TURSKE NASELJENIM BOŠNJACIMA

Author(s): Tarik Obralić,Hanifa Obralić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

It was a challenge to conduct research in this field after many years of residence and direct contact with Bosniak communities in rural areas in the Republic of Turkey. During research we came across people and customs, language, culture, religion and tradition in the communities miles away which share the cultural pattern, personality and charismatic moral code with people from the same cultural historic circle.

Widmowy status utopii w klasycznym Hollywoodzie

Author(s): Rafał Szczerbakiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Rafał Szczerbakiewicz’s chapter looks at the intriguing aspects of the subtle utopianism of the main trends in classic Hollywood cinema. During the thirties, forties and fifties of the twentieth-century and at the peak of liberal modernity there was an omnipresent yet transparent capitalist paradigm. This was a time in cinema where the theme of utopia was obscure. Utopia, in cinema, was more a symptom of a frame of mind and the background to a social state of awarenesss. Within the supportive or critical portrayals of capitalism, the utopian/dystopian elements were notable signs as to the filmmaker’s attitude. Amongst films, the utopian impulse is merely an understatement. However, there is one film with an overt utopian stance. This film is based on the novel, "Fountainhead" (1949) by King Vidor. It was tranformed into a memorable screen adaptation by the enthusiast and theorist, Ayn Rand. In this surprising constructionist vision, the socio-architectural utopia is explicitly portrayed giving the utopian impulse the direction towards what would, years later, come to be known as individualistic neoliberalism.

The Past as Part of a City’s Identity

Author(s): Krzysztof Bierwiaczonek,Tomasz Nawrocki / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Życie starych ludzi w Polsce na podstawie analizy bloga "Pokolenie 1600" Rafała Betlejewskiego

Author(s): Maria Rudnicka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Budućnost identiteta

Author(s): Samedin Kadić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

This paper examines the notion of identity from the perspective of the Future Studies. It is exposing certain theories of the future, as well as the history of research of this phenomenon in light of the recent rise of the study of the future, which, as a systematic planning and forecasting, takes a crucial place in the management of risks in present uncertain, complex and often contradictory times. The Future Studies examine global trends, challenges and opportunities faced by the modern world. It is assumed that the 21st century will be marked by identity, as opposed to the 20th century that was marked by ideology. In the globalized world comes to dissolution traditional core of identity which allowed the unity of one person. Without this core, an identity becomes pure contingency. What will become of the man of the future will depend on how the future world looks. But, what will be the world in the future?

Култура сећања на савезништво у Другом светском рату кроз називе улица, тргова и спомен-обележја

Author(s): Mile Bjelajac / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The renewed emergence in public of the question of respecting the tradition of the Anti-Fascist struggle and recognition of the allied (Soviet) contribution to the liberation of Belgrade in 1944 spurred the interest in reconsidering the practice of naming and renaming of streets which testify about that part of our common history. Although marking of monuments and maintenance of wartime graveyards, and even naming of streets after prominent personages are only part of the promotion of history of remembrance – since in our days it can be much more and stronger reflected in the media presence or in the form of schoolbook interpretations and attractive films or TV serials – we addressed this matter in capacity of a historian and an eyewitness. From a comparative survey of how marking of something which should represent lasting values was approached in various periods of history of Yugoslavia and now of Serbia, we glean that in our territory there was more ideology and „political correctness” than desire to measure with equal measure that which should always be esteemed – shedding of blood for the liberty of the country and the people, as well as the extended friendly hand in the hour of the direst necessity. Following the need of the moment, the town authorities in the time of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia named a street after the King’s general Petar Živković, in the very year the King imposed his dictatorship. It was renamed by his former oponent Milan Nedić in 1943. Overshadowed by Živković remained many fallen heroes or those whom he condamned or with whom he did away at the trial of Thessaloniki. Thus, the city did injustice to its defender colonel Tufegdžić and took away his name from a street in 1940. During the war, under occupation, streets were deprived of the names of former Serbian wartime and political allies. After the war ideological purges of „incorrect” or „uninteresting” local and allied names followed. In only few cases names deleted by the occupying and collaborationist administration were given back. Streetnames after Russian or Soviet wartime allies were no exception, only perhaps a more dramatic illustration of the change of „remembrance” in keeping with the changed political circumstances. After 1948 the names of streets and boulevards given after Russian great men, the Red Army and toponyms made famous during WWII started to disappear. After less than ten years, they started to return, as a sign of goodwill within the framework of improvement of bilateral relations. After the tragic incident in which a Soviet marshal and several generals, liberators of Belgrade were killed at Avala, the city renamed streets which had once born their names, after them again, and even added some new ones. During the transition of 1990, there was rush to repair all former „iniquities”. However, not even the newly proclaimed criteria were observed. Generals and marshals and the Red Army were once again the target of the reform. In accordance with our own insight and engagement we showed the history behind the scene, how the personality of marshal Biryuzov and the street bearing his name was saved from oblivion in 2004.

Историјска упоришта и савремене могућности употребе традиције и културног наслеђа

Author(s): Miroslav Perišić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Српски народ се определио за Европу 1804. године када је започео борбу за ослобођење од турске власти и повратак у цивилизацијски круг којем припада а од којег је неколико векова раније насилно одвојен. Историја Србије у 19. веку у многим сегментима више је саставни део историје Европе него што није. Шта је то што је у том веку Србију спајало са Европом? То, свакако, нису апстрактна залагања за европску будућност. Уз помоћ и у сарадњи са појединим европским државама Србија је повела и довршила борбу за национално ослобођење. Од 1804. развијала је дипломатију, изграђивала институције, ударала темеље модерне државности, изборила државну независност и добила међународно признање. Из једног „празног простора“ или „безвременог света“, како историчари називају период српске историје под турском влашћу због тога што се о њему недовољно зна, Србија је постала део европског политичког, културног, економског и цивилизацијског простора. Политичке везе са европским дворовима и успешна дипломатија донеле су Србији 19. века историјски резултат – признање државне независности. [...]

Руска и српска традиција у новим околностима: СССР и Југославија 1918–1941.

Author(s): Aleksej J. Timofejev / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

After the February (March) events of 1917 in Russia; Serbian government was left without Russian support in negotiations with the Entente, regarding the future of Southeastern Europe. The provisional government neither wanted nor was able to have its own opinion on the future of the Balkans. The relations between the two countries have become even more tense after the outbreak of the Bolshevik (October) Revolution. The Bolshevik regime was jeopardizing diplomatic position of Serbia by declassifying and publishing top-secret diplomatic documents which included arrangements for future annexations and negotiations on a separate peace. After the Serbian diplomatic missions and military personnel were withdrawn to the Russian territory controlled by the Entente, some of the Serbian officers and soldiers became involved in the Civil War on both sides, although the offi cial Serbian att itude was, in spite of negative stance towards the Bolsheviks, “not to permit the use of Serbian army against the Russians.” During the interwar period there were two active social phenomena connected with former Russia - the political influence of the Comintern and the Russian emigration. Conservative circles gathered around Serbian King Aleksandar and Patriarch Varnava, who represented the most important patrons of Russian emigration in interwar Yugoslavia, were directly opposed to any relationship with the Bolsheviks. Yet in 1930s a new generation of Serbian politicians grew up which was culturally oriented towards France while politically it was inclined towards the United Kingdom; this generation of Yugoslav politicians was active in Soviet era and they had no recollections of imperial Russian era. On the other hand, the right-wing, anticommunist majority of Russian emigration, traditionally close to the Russian-German cultural ties, even though unable to understand the imperial nature of Nazism, was sympathetic to the Nazi Germany. In fact, it was a tragic discord between the Russian emigration in Yugoslavia and a signifi cant part of the Serbian people. The interwar activities of Comintern, KPJ and VKP (b) had an obvious anti-government impact, which accelerated the deterioration of Serbian-Russian relations. The infl uence of the Russian Revolution and the Soviet experience was quite obvious in the future actions of Yugoslav Bolsheviks. The Yugoslav political emigration in interwar Soviet Union was also aff ected by strong impressions of Stalinist repression. On the other hand, many Russian emigrants and exponents of Soviet policy took part in the Second World War in Yugoslavia, which strengthened the spirit of civil war and resistance. As the war ended, Russian society overcame the most of mental divisions caused by the civil war, while the situation in Yugoslavia and Serbia was quite the opposite. The liberation of eastern Yugoslav territories from the German armed forces, achieved by both partisan (cca. 40 thousand members of the National Liberation Army of Yugoslavia) and Soviet (300 thousand troops and Red Army) troops was followed by installation of a brutal one-party dictatorship of Soviet model. After the world wars era the ideological closeness between the most of Serbian and Russian people became more appreciable as the new period of ideological emanations from Russia was devoid of former ideological concepts. In this dramatic period, Serbs and Russians have established closer relations than ever before.

Performing Artists’ Voices Remain Unheard:

Author(s): Annegret Bergmann / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article elucidates the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on performing art productions and the insufficiency of financial assistance programs from the government during the first months of the pandemic 2020 in Japan. By taking an opera production and kabuki productions as examples, the reactions of the management of Biwako Hall and the commercial theater production company Shōchiku to the pandemic crisis are described; how they implemented innovative and new production measures and incorporated digital tools to compensate for financial losses, as well as to retain their old audience and attract new audience. It becomes clear how insignificant the Japanese government perceives the performing arts and how little public financial support they receive. Furthermore, the indispensable role that corporate support and commercial production companies play in theater productions in Japan is illuminated.

Managing Language Barriers by the Means of Administrative Law: Linguistic Dimension of the Ukrainian Crisis in the Czech Republic

Author(s): Kamila Balounová,Vladimír Sharp / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Every encounter of two different cultures almost inevitably brings along an issue of translation and interpretation. When it comes to bureaucratic procedures, the Czech law requires that certain inter-linguistic actions be executed with the assistance of socalled court translators and court interpreters, i.e. highly skilled professionals holding a special license issued by the Ministry of Justice. While the regulatory regime of certified translation and interpretation had been designed as to satisfy the ordinary day-to-day needs of the judicial system, an unexpected and acute crisis concerning thousands of foreign nationals having not one, but two or more native languages, seemed to have put the relatively rigid system to the trial. Our presentation will address the problematic regulatory issues arising from this situation and propose both practical and theoretical or conceptual solutions to the existing problems.

Ukrainians under the Temporary Protection of the Czech Republic: From Theory to Practice

Author(s): Nataliya Isayeva / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and practical aspects of the status of persons with temporary protection in the Czech Republic. Normative provisions of international legal acts and national legislation regarding the protection of this category of persons have been considered. It is outlined what legal consequences are caused by such status for both the persons who are its recipients and for the country that grants the status to a person. The information on the practical problems faced by Ukrainians with the status of temporary protection is provided. The ways of overcoming the issues by the authorities of the Czech Republic are explored, and the author's recommendations for improving the regulatory and legal framework are provided in order to resolve conflicts and gaps in the legislation.

ISLAMSKA KNJIŽEVNA TRADICIJA I POEZIJA NA PERZIJSKOM JEZIKU KAO MEMORIJSKI KONEKTOR U PROSTORU PAMĆENJA

Author(s): Sabaheta Gačanin / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Cultural memory encompasses events, personalities and categories to which a community attributes fundamental values. Every person, event, phenomenon, researcher, record and all other forms are carriers of memory that together form a very wide space of memory, or more vividly – they are woven into a very wide and intertwined network of memory connectors. Poetry of the Islamic literary tradition could be understood as a mnemonic art par excellence, which is based on the Islamic cultural image of the world and with all its poetic forms is a space of memory and a literary staging of a place of memory. The Persian literary tradition in the later forms of Bosniak authors makes them read again through new layers of time through the rhetoric of memory. This paper deals with the connective structure of cultural continuity in the Islamic literary tradition in the Persian language, the uniqueness of its poetics, as well as those authors which are part of our heritage within the broader cultural-historical context.