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Svarus indėlis į edukologijos mokslo teoriją ir praktiką

Author(s): Marijona Barkauskaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 4/2016

Moksliniams tyrimams švietime turi būti skirtas ypatingas dėmesys norint atliepti sparčios kaitos iššūkius ugdymo procesui, kurio pozityvią kaitą privalu pagrįsti ir realizuoti remiantis mokslinio tyrimo duomenimis. Todėl mokslinio darbo tikslas ir paskirtis – ugdomųjų galių paieška, atradimas ir pritaikymas praktikoje, padedant žmonėms įgyti kompetencijų, sudarančių sąlygas savirealizacijai, kuriant pridėtinę vertę pasirinktoje profesinėje veikloje, yra aktualus ir laiku įgyvendintas. Šią mokslinę problemą suvokė ir pasiryžo spręsti Džuljeta Ruškytė, rengdama pedagogus, kuriems keliama užduotis – mokykloje supažindinti mokinius su verslumo samprata ugdantis reikiamas savybes.

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Формування «Soft Skills» студентів університету – перспективний напрямок підвищення якості вищої освіти

Author(s): Alona Haraha / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 47/2020

The subject of the study is the formation of «soft skills» in future service professionals. The purpose of the article is to consider the main determinants of the development of «soft skills» in future service professionals. The task of the research is to analyze the professional training of service specialists, expand the educational and methodological support of tourism specialist training, highlight the essence and main differences of professional training of tourism specialists in different universities of Ukraine, suggest ways to form "soft" skills training. Research methods. The following general and specific scientific research methods were used in the research process: system approach, methods of logical generalization and comparison, scientific abstraction, methods of synthesis, logical generalization and analogies. The methodological basis of the study consisted of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading experts, analytical materials on the research problem. Results of work. The analysis of professional training of service specialists is carried out, the educational and methodical support of tourism specialist training is expanded, the essence and main differences of professional training of tourism specialists in different universities of Ukraine are highlighted. Field of application of results. The obtained results of the research can be used by the educational departments of the Free Economic Zone of Ukraine to expand educational and professional programs, educational complexes, curricula and work programs. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the process of professional training of future specialists in the field of tourism, the essence of the concept and its structure, the main methods of developing "soft skills" for students in the field of service were established: independent study of information about models of successful behavior (reading literature, independent study of various materials, trainings); finding feedback – getting feedback from classmates, teachers, mentors and employers about the success of their behavior in terms of developing specific experiences; learning from the experience of others and mentoring – selection and study of models successful behavior of someone who has a high level of development of this competence, work with a mentor; case studies - the study of specific situations with a proposal for optimal solutions; "learning through the development of story lines based on binary thematic oppositions" – Inclusion in the study of the material through its presentation in the form of a story, a story by revealing its emotional and personal significance.

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DO SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS MATTER IN CREATING THE GENERAL LEVEL OF CONSUMER ETHNOCENTRISM?

Author(s): Milan Kostić,Nenad Stanišić,Veljko Marinković / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of certain socio-cultural factors on consumer ethnocentrism, as well as to measure the impact of consumer ethnocentrism on the purchase of domestic products. In this context, the paper presents and tests a new model that contains five potential antecedents of consumer ethnocentrism (national identity, cultural openness, patriotism, religiosity, animosity towards the European Union). The results indicate that patriotism stands out as the strongest antecedent of consumer ethnocentrism. Interestingly, the study confirmed the statistically significant and relatively strong impact of animosity towards the European Union (EU) on the general level of consumer ethnocentrism. On the other hand, cultural openness does not belong to the group of statistically significant drivers of consumer ethnocentrism. The originality of the study lies in the specific construction of the research model, which is coloured with sociocultural variables - especially patriotism, religiosity and animosity towards the EU.

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GENDER AND IDEOLOGY: WOMEN ON POSTAGE STAMPS IN SERBIA: 2006-2018

Author(s): Margareta Bašaragin,Svenka Savić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

In 2000 certain democratic changes happened in Serbia. They instilled hopes that everyday life will be more democratic in every segment, especially when gender equality is concerned (equality for the different, that is, women). The degree to which a society is democratic could be measured in different ways. One of them is the presence of visuals (drawings, etc.) or presence of any other form of material culture. The aim of this paper is to examine the degree of democratic changes in multinational, multi-confessional and multilingual Serbia during the last decade as it relates to the absence of linguistic codes, and using postage stamps to depict women (2006-2018). The corpus consists of all the postage stamps printed during the period, but only those depicting women were analysed. The analysis of the text on postage stamps opens up a theoretical question “What is text”? We here introduce the criterion of ‘implied knowledge’ as a measure for the understanding of the meaning of text on a stamp, more accurately, as a measure of the presence of an implicit discrimination towards notable women. The results reveal the following: 1. there are only several women who got the privilege to be presented on a postage stamp in this period; 2. all of them originate from the Serbian culture and none from other national communities. This clearly shows that the ideological decision is in question.

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A SZABADKAI JOGI KAR MAGYAR HALLGATÓINAK SZÁMA, DEMOGRÁFIAI JELLEMZŐI ÉS TANULMÁNYI EREDMÉNYEI

Author(s): Zoltán Mészáros / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2020

This study was written after I found new sources among the archival material in the Historical Archive of Subotica, more precisely 9 boxes with documents. Their length is slightly larger than a continuous meter (1.08 m ). In them I found the enrollment forms of 106 new Hungarian students, and their personal files were added too. Based on that fact we can conclude that approximately 447 Hungarian students studied at the Faculty of Law in Subotica, of which, according to our previous knowledge, 71 graduated, or 15.9% of the enrolled Hungarian students. The oldest student was born in 1879, and the youngest in 1922. In Zagreb, the percentage of graduates was much more favorable, which was probably the reason for the attractiveness of Zagreb among the inhabitants of Vojvodina. Unfortunately, I noticed the boxes with the archive material only after the publication of the book edited by academician Tibor Várady, so I changed the numbers in the light of the new data. When examining the documents of the Faculty of Law in Subotica I first reviewed the enrollment forms from 65 boxes, to which I later added data from 9 subsequently discovered boxes. Unfortunately, I had no choice but to recalculate the statistics after the manuscript was completed, since the number of 341 students originally found was modified after 106 students were subsequently discovered, although all this did not greatly change the overall picture. In addition, it is important that there is a trace of that modification somewhere, if for objective reasons a corrected study could not be found in the book. Unfortunately, our past is not sufficiently protected, few people research it, so it is especially important to continue with repeated attempts and to correct mistakes and omissions. This study was also written in that spirit.

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Сав тај турбан-фолк: оријентализам и фолк музика у Србији

Author(s): Irena Šentevska / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2020

In this paper I look at the ‘oriental controversy’ of the neo-folk music in Serbia, focusing on the changes in the perception of the longstanding Serbian-Bosnian ensemble Južni vetar (Southern Wind) in the academic circles, media and various segments of the music industry. The affirmative attitude towards the performers and music legacy of Južni vetar, which has in recent years gradually entered the media from the alternative (non-commercial) music and art circles, may be observed in the context of the contemporary globalized music industry which constantly challenges orientalist assumptions and divisions between East and West. The key turning point in this process is the newly-embraced understanding of Južni vetar (and „turban-folk“ in general) as part of Serbia’s cultural heritage. Using a representative sample of academic and media comments, in this paper I shed some light on the shifts in the reception of Južni vetar primarily as an indication of the wider changes in the reception of the Ottoman legacy and contemporary influences of the „Orient“ in the contemporary Serbian culture, not excluding the wider context of Southeastern Europe.

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Egy luxus hátulütői

Author(s): Anna Zsigó / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 10/2020

Freelance artists on making a living.

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DRAGOLJUB JOVANOVIĆ O POTREBI REVIZIJE IDEALA NOVE POSLERATNE GENERACIJE I IZGRADNJI JEDNE NOVE PARADIGME, ETIKE I HEROIZMA RADA

Author(s): Ljubiša R. Mitrović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2020

In the article is given the review of study Cult of Work (Kult rada/Kult rada) by Dragoljub Jovanović. That study, which was published in 1927, represents the fact that after two doctoral dissertations (Le rendement optimum du travail ouvrier, Les stimulanst modernes du travail ouvrier) on Sorbone, in the sociology of work, by the mentorship of known sociologist and Durkheim’s successor, professor Celestin Bouglais, and one of them was awarded by French Academy, Dragoljub Jovanović was continuing his research in this field systematically and intensive. In this study, which was written in inspiring way, by the power of sociological imagination, as a peculiar anthem of work, Dragoljub Jovanović depicts why the revision of after-war (The Great War) generation’s ideals was necessary and explicates his paradigm of work: on work as a first vital merriment of the human being/poetry of life and etic of values; as a shape of new heroism; basis on work’s patriotism development; development of people and society; people of socialisation; human rights an liberties’ basic values; and also organic producers democracy. The Dragoljub Jovanović’s proverb/testaments which were highlighted in his study Cult of Work are actual in nowadays too, beyond the condition of contemporary mass-consumeristic society, especially in the states in transition, when is necessary revalorisation of system of values and re-affirmation of etic of work – productive pedagogic and socialising role of work; instead „The Distorted Modernisation“ and „The Society of the Spectacle“.

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Univerzitet kao zajednica ili univerzitet u zajednici? Od razvoja društvenih nauka ka trećoj misiji univerziteta

Author(s): Biljana S. Lungulov,Aleksej J. Kišjuhas / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2021

This paper begins with a sociohistorical analysis of the university as a specific community of interacting intellectuals, which enabled the creation of an epistemological and institutional core for the development of the social sciences. On the other hand, we critically consider and analyze the contemporary university reforms in Europe, in terms of bringing universities and the social community closer together through the social dimension, as well as the dimensions of entrepreneurship and innovation. This paper aims to investigate the role of the university from its inception as a specific and unique intellectual community, towards its current aspirations to connect and integrate with the wider community. Two research tasks have been defined: the first refers to determining the importance of the interaction among intellectuals within the university for the production of scientific knowledge, while the second task involves analyzing the importance of interaction between the university and the social community through the university’s third mission. The research results indicate that the institutional and interactionist framework for the establishment of the university as an institution that communicates with the wider community was gradually formed through its various roles and reforms in the course of social history. However, we also conclude that the social role of the university has always been relatively complementary to the current third mission requirements, and with the historical development of knowledge concerning human society.

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Wśród obrazów, algorytmów i rozmyślań metodologicznych. Kultura w Paryżu w czasie epidemii

Author(s): Małgorzata Ćwikła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Paris is a city filled with art and home to some of the world’s most famous institutions offering unique cultural events, including exhibitions of priceless works of art and ephemeral performative phenomena such as performances and concerts. Due to the closure of cultural institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the situation has completely changed. The city is deserted, while cultural institutions are focused on using the Internet to run their affairs and forge/maintain relationships with the audience without the possibility of meeting them face-to-face. Based on the author’s own research conducted in Paris in December 2020, the paper presents the analysis of public space in terms of the presence of traces of culture. For this purpose, a flexible methodological approach was designed, covering both the city space and the Internet, also understood as part of the public domain. Additionally, the author’s own research experience is taken into account, depending on the epidemiological situation and the ability to move around the city. The factors discussed in the paper have provoked a multifaceted reflection – starting from the privileges of researchers, through the sense of online culture, and ending with the future of cultural institutions. The aim of the paper is to document the situation of cultural institutions in Paris during the pandemic, with an emphasis on their presence, visibility, and accessibility in the city and the Internet.

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La singularité en relation : la performance dans le théâtre et la société contemporains

Author(s): Anna Navrotskaya / Language(s): French Issue: 1 (40)/2021

This article addresses the question of the consistent presence of “postdramatic” performative elements in contemporary theatre staging. It considers artistic production and everyday behaviour as two related processes supported by individual creative capacity inherent to every human being. Both an individual self in its day-to-day exchanges, and a theatre character within a play are maintained by this capacity to process the unknown and function in the presence of the unpredictable. In the “postmodern” interrelated and multifaceted world this ability becomes crucial for an individual as well as for the society. It is made possible by a relational network created by continuous performative actions and relies on a cultural space relatively free of codified behaviour that can be defined as liminal. Contemporary theatre in its staging practices and in its active involvement of the spectator can arguably function as this liminal space indispensable for culture as a whole.

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Vzestup nebo ústup řemeslných oborů? Přehled z České republiky a Polska

Author(s): Andrea Tomášková,Roman Śmietański / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Entrepreneurial activity in the field of craft professions is an integral part of national economies. The aim of the authors is to prepare an overview article, which would simultaneously compare selected business activities in the Czech Republic and Poland in the field of craft trades with an emphasis on young people and their employability in the labour market. In line with the aim of the article, the authors identified four research questions, which they answered based on the analysis of secondary data. They drew data from databases of statistical offices, ministries and associations. Data were processed using a descriptive statistics apparatus. In the Czech Republic, interest in the study of crafts has stagnated for a long time. In recent years, the number of graduates of craft apprenticeships has been growing. Crafts in the field of mechanical and electrical engineering are preferred, e.g. car mechanic, repairman, mechanical locksmith, electrician. Decrease in the number of graduates is recorded in the food and most construction professions. After finishing the apprenticeship, graduates often leave their field. In Poland, most companies operate in the field of trade and repair of motor vehicles. Measured by the number of graduates, the predominant field is the machinery industry, wellness professions and professions in the food industry. The interest among young people in the studied craft trades is declining in most fields, the field of metal machining shows a growing trend. It is also necessary to confirm the craftsman's expertise with a master craftsman’s certification. It is desirable to expand the possibilities of educating pupils and students in a real work environment. It is important that mutual communication between the worlds of practice and education is functional and effective.

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Collaborative Futures: Arts Funding and Speculative Fictions

Author(s): J. D. Schnepf / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

According to scholars of literary sociology, US arts institutions—from the federal government to the writers’ colony to the creative writing program—have been central to the shaping of US literature for the better part of a century. This paper offers a preliminary investigation of the global crowdfunding platform Kickstarter as an emerging arts institution. Drawing on Kim Stanley Robinson and Marina Abramović’s artistic collaboration as a case study, the paper argues that the appearance of the Marina Abramović Institute (MAI) in Robinson’s novel New York 2140 troubles the author’s stated generic commitments to “realist speculative fiction”—fiction that bases its vision of the future on the state of things in our present. In addition to furnishing uncertain conditions of production for the novel, Kickstarter’s funding model solicits short-form speculative fiction organized around neoliberal selfhood from its artists. With the assistance of Kickstarter’s networked platform, the MAI’s capital campaign reimagined private funding as public performance art, as dutiful civic engagement, and as reward for artists willing to narrate entrepreneurial optimism.

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The System of Values of the Monotheistic Druze Managers from Israel Based on the Schwartz Theory of Human Basic Values

Author(s): MANSOUR Radwan,Nicolae Aurelian Bibu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

This article is discussing the values that are specific to managers belonging to the Druze community from Israel. The Druze community is an ethnic community having some very unique characteristics, possessing an identity based on a mystic emotional connection which originates from heart and soul, a cross-border connection that brings together the ancient past, the present and the future without territorial identity. When the value system is understood and accepted by the organizational members and managers, they are committed to it and bear responsibility for their actions. Therefore, there is integration, dialogue, nourishment and balance between the particular desires for responsibility and the commitment to the organization.

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Understanding “Guanxi” in the Asian Business Context

Author(s): Trung Quang Dinh,Hilmar Þór Hilmarsson / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Guanxi, an informal personal relationship, is an important element facilitating business success in China and other Asian countries that are influenced by Confucian culture. Despite recently increased research on guanxi and its roles in business context, the understanding of guanxi remains misapprehended or incomplete. This article attempts to disentangle this cultural and social phenomenon of guanxi to help Western businessmen better comprehend and manage guanxi more effectively when doing business in Asia especially in Chinese markets.

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An Exploratory Analysis of Work-Life Balance Preference in the Case of Lebanese Students

Author(s): ABDALLAH Jaber,HAMMOUD Kassem / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

For a modern organization, time represents a resource that needs optimization, rationalization and control, and most employees try to identify the modality to divide their time between work, family and personal development. Finding a balance between these influences an individual both on reaching professional goals and on his or her personal life. The aim of this empirical research is to identify certain characteristics or types of behaviour that must be considered in order to achieve a balance between personal life and career, which is essential for avoiding unwanted consequences such as decreasing employee performance, their motivation or difficulties in recruiting and retaining employees. The research methodology is based on a structured questionnaire, distributed within the faculties of the two most important Lebanese universities in order to analyse the preferences of students: personal life of a career. The findings show that most respondents in the sample expressed their desire to develop a career first and foremost. Though, after they graduate and they will have a stable and well paid job, most of the respondents stated they also want to establish a family. Moreover, they want to strike a balance between the two, to be able to carry out personal development activities or together with family members, but at the same time to be able to carry out their work responsibilities without depriving family members of their presence.

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CONSIDERENTE ŞI MOTIVE PENTRU A FI UN ÎNTREPRINZĂTOR

Author(s): Liviu Ciucan-Rusu,Jean-Claude Million / Language(s): English,Romanian Issue: 3/2009

This paper theoretically explores the considerations and reasons for choosing to become entrepreneurs. Both the rewards (achievement, freedom, power) and difficulties outlining the lifestyle of the entrepreneur are presented. Furthermore, myths and realities about entrepreneurs are presented , followed by a proposal for future projects that will complement the theoretical dimension with relevant empirical issues, that best describe the philosophy to be of entrepreneurs "are what we do."

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Katarzyna Kozyra. An Artist in the Art Field. A Case Study

Author(s): Dagna Kidoń / Language(s): English Issue: 80/2022

The purpose of the paper is to present the artistic accomplishments of Katarzyna Kozyra as a representative of critical art in the context of her position in the art field. The analysis was expanded to her relationship with the audience, based on a chain of artistic communication exemplified by the Nude Study sculpture of 1991.In March 2021, a study on the reception of modern artworks was carried out in the Zachęta Gallery in Warsaw. The respondents were asked to view and to interpret, among others, the Nude Study by Katarzyna Kozyra of 1991. To confront the general understanding of the work and to verify the efficiency of artistic communication, a free-form interview with the artist was also carried out, where she presented her own interpretation of the study. The artist’s responses and opinions of the audience became the research material quoted here. The analysis disclosed consistency of the message and even though the answers did not overlap closely with the artist’s intention, they were fully accepted by her. The interview also offered an impetus for reflecting on the position of the artist in the art field and her relationship with the agents in the field. It turns out that the artist is clearly dominated by the political field which affects her functioning in the art field.The results above may offer an inspiration for further research on the creative activities of other artists, who may struggle with completely different problems and create different layouts in the art field.1

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What Is Going On? An Analysis of the Interaction Order

Author(s): Vidar Halldorsson / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Seeing sociology visually adds a sense of realness to the viewer compared to only reading sociological texts. In this paper, I aim to provide an example of how a single scene from a feature film can be utilized as a practical and meaningful means to analyze a social situation and to help students of sociology to grasp key features of Goffman’s theory of interaction order. More precisely, the main aims of the paper are 1) to illustrate Goffman’s theory of the interaction order by identifying acts of disruption and alignment in interaction through a film clip; and 2) to attempt to analyze, in a Goffmanian sense, what is really going on in the situational interaction. The scene is from the 2013 American movie August: Osage County and follows a dinner of immediate family in the wake of the funeral of the hostess’s late husband. The normative and civilized interaction of the meal is, however, jeopardized by the hostile and provocative mood of the hostess, as she repeatedly disrupts the interaction order with attempts to mock and/or uncover the hidden and vulnerable truths of the immediate members of her family, exemplifying her power status in the particular situation. The dinner guests, however, try to overlook and resist the provocation of the hostess and stick to their predetermined roles to save and sustain their idealized selves (their faces) and the interaction order (the faces of others), In doing so they, on the one hand, discard the uncomfortable truths acclaimed by the hostess and, on the other, explain the hostess’s provocative actions in terms of their claim that she is unwell and in need of medical attention. Thus, the attacked dinner guests in the scene align more alliance to the interaction order than to truth itself.

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Az egyetemista ifjúság netán felnőtt? A felnőtté válás folyamatai az önálló életkezdéstől a párválasztásig

Author(s): Emese Vita / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 05/2022

Despite ample research on Hungarian young people from Transylvania, few studies have focused on comparing different groups of youngsters, or on the special subgroup of the youth. Using data from the Hungarian Youth Research, a Transylvanian sub-sample (N=2000) and a large scale survey (N=1239) carried out among Hungarian college students from Transylvania, we probe similarities and differences in life events and transitions to adulthood in these two groups of the youth. In this paper we give an overview of the marital status, living and working conditions and future plans of youngsters. Despite of the fact that a large group of young people wish to start a family around their mid-twenties, they seem to be in a “waiting game” and postpone marriage and childbearing. Our analysis revealed that the coronavirus pandemic has fundamentally changed the college students’ lifestyle: a large portion of the respondents reported significant changes in their living conditions and living environment. In the short run, the consequences of Covid-19 hit students with rural residents more than urban, and older cohorts – already active in the labour market – more than younger ones. Regarding partnership selection, we found that Hungarian ethnicity and linguistic homogeneity are the most important cultural criteria in the mechanisms of partnership selection.

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