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Metinlerarasılık Bağlamında Anadolu’dan Avrupa’ya Âşıklar ve Anonim Eserler

Author(s): Pınar Tekin,Füsun Ataseven / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 108/2021

In this study, we aim to reveal the characteristics of the minstrel tradition, which has been going on in Anatolia for centuries and extending to the European continent, within the context of translation studies and intertextuality. The minstrels, who have an important role in shaping the culture in the lands they belong to, are the representatives of the region and the people they live in, and their role as a quoter makes them an element of the transformation/cycle. The minstrels, who are the mediators of Anatolian civilizations and rich works blended with the migrations they received from both the east and the west for centuries, are almost central in the context of intercultural interaction, as well as many ideas and art concepts produced and developed during this time, and the richness of cultural transformation is the focus of the research. In this study, in which I used document/work analysis within the framework of the qualitative research method, the different identities and works of minstrels in Anatolia and Europe adopted the context of translation studies and selected sample texts comparatively within the framework of intertextuality under the title of transtextuality, where Gerard Genette defines all kinds of relationships among texts. We tried to interpret it in the context of translation studies by taking it on the basis of these five concepts (intertextuality, hypertextuality, paratextuality, architextuality, metatextuality).

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GŁÓWNI PRZEDSTAWICIELE BUDOWNICTWA ORGANOWEGO W STANACH ZJEDNOCZONYCH W LATACH 1815-1860

Author(s): Andrzej Widak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2021

In this article, the activity of the main representatives of organ building in the United States in 1815–1860 is discussed. This was a time when organ building moved from traditional organ workshops to organ factories. There were both individual organ builders and organ-building families and firms. Three centres – New England, New York and Pennsylvania – were in the lead. The main organ builders of those particular centres were: the Goodrich Brothers, Thomas Appleton, Thomas Hall and Henry Erben, as well as the Krauss and Dieffenbach families. In the other states, the building of organs was developing to a smaller extent, but it was under the influence of organ builders from the above-mentioned centres. Most organs were designated for churches, but chamber organs for home usage (Alley and Pool) were popular as well. In time, they were replaced by reed organs. Initially, organs were built according to English and German patterns, but a domestic style of organ building also started to take shape.

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KATALOG FABRYKI ORGANÓW ST. KRUKOWSKI I SYN W PIOTRKOWIE TRYBUNALSKIM Z ARCHIWUM PARAFII PW. WNIEBOWZIĘCIA NMP W KRYNICY-ZDROJU JAKO ŹRÓDŁO INFORMACJI O DZIAŁALNOŚCI ZAKŁADU ORGANMISTRZOWSKIEGO

Author(s): Andrzej Gładysz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2021

Dated December 5, 1935, The Catalogue of S. Krukowski and Son’s Organ Factory in Piotrków Trybunalski is a hitherto unknown source revealing extensively (albeit incompletely) the activities of the organ-building company of Stanisław and Stefan Krukowski. The document, found in the archive of the parish of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Krynica-Zdrój, is a home-made compilation of various sources, such as organ acceptance protocols, letters of recommendation, instructions, sketches and organ case photos, which are arranged in neither chronological nor factual order. The leaflets and machine copies of the original documents selected by the builders were subjected to a comparative analysis via the historical method. The information thus obtained allowed me to add to our current state of knowledge; also, it indicates the need for detailed source research to be done in the parish archive, concerning both organ building and the activity of the organ builders themselves, as carried out in the territory of Poland within its historical borders.

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TEOLOGICZNE ASPEKTY MUZYKI W UJĘCIU FLAWIUSZA AURELIUSZA KASJODORA

Author(s): Jacek Bramorski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 12/2021

This article is an attempt to present the main themes of the theology of music from the point of view of Cassiodorus (c. 485-580). He spent his life trying to preserve Greco-Roman cultural traditions, and worked to harmonise the culture of the ancient with that of the Christian world. He helped to save ancient culture at a time of impending barbarism, and was a model of cultural encounter, dialogue and reconciliation. Cassiodorus founded Vivarium, a coenobitic community in which everything was organised in such a way that an individual monk’s intellectual work was highly esteemed. For church men like Cassiodorus, the great value of the liberal arts, including music, inspired the intelligence needed by Christians to understand Scripture. His works on music are particularly valuable for the study of the early beginnings of church music. Cassiodorus’s rich scientific achievements in this field make him a forerunner of theological reflection on music.

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A CONTEXT-BASED TRANSLATION OF CHAPTER 14 “DE VOCIBUS NATURALIBUS IN ANIMALIBUS EORUMQUE ANATOMIA” FROM THE LIBER ANATOMICUS DE NATURA SONI ET VOCIS OF ATHANASIUS KIRCHER’S MUSURGIA UNIVERSALIS SIVE ARS MAGNA CONSONI ET DISSONI

Author(s): Temina Cadi SULUMUNA / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2021

The author’s aim is to present a context-based English translation of chapter 14 titled “De vocibus naturalibus in animalibus eorumque anatomia”, from the Liber anatomicus de natura soni et vocis of Athanasius Kircher’s Musurgia Universalis sive Ars Magna Consoni et Dissoni published in 1650 in Rome. The article is divided into three parts. The first one (introduction) states the reasons for doing a context-based translation of the chapter. The second part forms the main and most extensive part because it presents the translation itself, along with annotations. In the third part, emphasis is laid on the author’s conclusions regarding the importance of a context-based approach to the translation of Kircher’s text. An examination of the context proved to be essential for achieving both clarity and quality in the translation, avoiding significant interpretative errors, distinguishing between Kircher’s own statements and covert quotations, and providing the reader with additional information contained in the annotations, which shed light on, and comment upon, the issues raised by Kircher himself.

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AZERBAYCAN BALESİNİN TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ VE AZERBAYCAN BALESİNE YÖN VEREN ESERLER

Author(s): Sabina GANİOĞLU / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 83/2021

Azerbaijani composers have brought ballet music from 1940 to the present day, and during this period, ballet music has undergone changes and developments. As a result of long studies, Azerbaijani ballet art has taken its present place and has been accepted worldwide. The development of these ballets, which are performed in many opera and ballet stages, has progressed in parallel with the development of Azerbaijan’s culture and history. One of the most important features of Azerbaijani ballets is the use of classical symphonic instruments as well as folk instruments. Many folk songs were also included in these ballets. Among the important composers of Azerbaijani ballet music are Afrasiyab Badal beyli, Soltan Gadjibekov, Kara Karayevand Arif Melikov.

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1952 YILINDA MİLLİYET GAZETESİNDE YER ALAN LAİKA KARABEY’E AİT MÜZİK YAZILARI BİBLİYOGRAFYASININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Author(s): Beril ÇAKMAKOĞLU / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 83/2021

Laika Karabey lived in the 20th century and contributed to traditional Turkish art music as a tanbur performer, composer, editor, music writer and instructor. It is known that Karabey, who was very productive in the period he lived, has an important place in the Turkish classical music tradition. Considering that the women representing the Turkish classical music tradition are few in number, it can easily be said that Karabey made important contributions to the history of Turkish music both in the context of her productive female identity and in ensuring the continuity of the tradition. Karabey's works, especially as a writer, are considered useful in terms of understanding the Turkish music tradition, as it provides important data about the music culture of the period. Laika Karabey drew attention with her regular newspaper articles, in addition to her articles in the Musiki Magazine, which was considered one of the most important magazines of the period. Music articles in the Milliyet newspaper, which was founded on May 3, 1952, both provide important data about the musical understanding of the period and contain information about Karabey's musical understanding. In line with the study, first of all, Karabey's music articles in Milliyet newspaper were obtained by archive scanning method. The universe of the study is limited to the articles that Karabey wrote in the Milliyet newspaper during 1952. The aim of the study is to reveal Karabey's views on music in line with the data obtained, and to present data on the general musical understanding of the period, especially in line with his criticisms.

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KONSERVATUVAR MÜZİK BÖLÜMÜ LİSANS ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BİREYSEL ÇALGI GÜDÜLENME DÜZEYLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Author(s): Bilgütay Kaan ÖZTÜRK,Nuran ÖZTÜRK BAŞPINAR / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 84/2021

Motivation levels are an important factor affecting the behavior, attitude and performance of conservatory music department students. The aim of the research is to determine the level of motivation for the individual instruments of undergraduate students studying in the conservatory music department. For this purpose, in the music department of the Conservatory of studying students ' levels of motivation for the individual instrument training course determined with the help of scale. The scale includes sub-dimensions of interest, educational environment, Environment and professional expectations. Students in the music department of the Conservatory of behavior, attitudes and performance, which is an important factor affecting the level of motivation an individual instrument lessons for gender, school type and grade level differed at a statistically significant level; the level of motivation of students according to educational status of the father and the mother did not change, and age groups as it increases the level of motivation of students has been found to fall. This indicates that the level of motivation that students have in lower grades and younger age groups decreases over time. For the specified reason, it is necessary to determine the factors that cause the level of motivation of students to decrease, to recognize the students more closely and to support the requirements of motivation. For this reason, it is thought that the research findings are important in terms of activities to be carried out to determine the level of motivation of undergraduate students studying in the conservatory music department and to increase the level of motivation, and that the study will bring a specific perspective to the literature.

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ANADOLU EDVAR GELENEĞİ YAKLAŞIMIYLA MAKAMI OLUŞTURAN TEMEL İLKE VE ÖĞELER, HİCAZ PERDE DÜZENİNDEN DOĞAN OTUZ YEDİ MAKAM

Author(s): Murat GÜREL / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 85/2021

The Anatolian Edvar Tradition is an ecole emerging in the 15th century which views Turkish music theory as emanating from the relationships between notes, and its pedagogical approach comprises practical and brief descriptions. In this movement-based approach, the notes become melodic development (melodic shape) of the makam concept (transformative approach), aiming to explain and demonstrate performance. The research is descriptive and based on a general survey model, aiming to conduct a substantial literature review and establish determining the current state of the theory. It will describe the four basic principles of the notion of makam in the Anatolian Edvar Tradition approach, that is, düzen (gamut), centralizations which typically occur at the beginning/center note, melodic development, and resolve note/endings. Furthermore, explanations are offered with regard to the elements that make up makams, the traditional names of notes, and the approach where notes are named after the makams based on them. The emergence of makams from the Rast düzen (Rast gamut) and of different düzens from the Rast düzen are exemplified. Thirty-seven makams arising from the Hicaz düzen (Hicaz gamut) are investigated under seven different makam families, and descriptions of makams drawn from historical sources are given. Based on these descriptions, basic melodic developments are formulated for each makam, and theoretical analysis of these examples is made. In conclusion, the fundamental principles and elements of the makam concept with the Anatolian Edvar Tradition are explained from an instructive perspective, and the makam descriptions, theoretical analysis method are simplified, explicated, and instantiated based on performance.

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ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ BİREYLER VE MÜZİK EĞİTİMİ KONULU ÇALIŞMALARIN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Ayşe Berna KALKAN,Merve SOYCAN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 87/2021

This research is a content analysis study in which studies on individuals with special needs and music education are handled in terms of various variables. In the research, it is aimed to examine the studies on individuals with special needs and music education conducted between the years 2000-2020 in Turkey. For this purpose, the distribution of studies according to publication year, publication type, university, journal in which they were published, subject area, type of disability, sample level, number of samples, research method, data collection tools and data analysis method were analyzed. The research group of the study consists of 27 articles, 27 master's theses and 4 doctoral theses, which were scanned with YOK National Thesis Center and Google Scholar on individuals with special needs and music education. Therefore, the contents of 58 studies included in the research were examined according to year, publication type, university, journal, subject, type of disability, sample group/number, research method, data collection tool and data analysis methods. The research is considered important in that the content analysis of the studies on individuals with special needs and music education gives an idea about the methods, data analysis, sample group that they will use for the researchers who want to work in this field in the future, and that there are few similar studies done in the field. The findings obtained from the research were arranged according to subproblems and presented descriptively as frequency and percentage tables. In the research, the most studies on the subject were conducted in 2011 and 2016, these studies were published as articles and master's thesis, the most postgraduate thesis was published in Gazi University, the article was published in the Journal of the Faculty of Education of Abant İzzet Baysal University, most of the studies were conducted for mainstreaming students, and the most The results were obtained as many quantitative data analysis methods were preferred.

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MÜZİK EĞİTİMİ VERİLEN ORTAMLARDA YALITIM MALZEMESİ OLARAK KULLANILABİLECEK KEÇENİN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Serap Yağmur İLHAN,Mustafa Oğuz GÖK / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 87/2021

Music education is the process of acquiring certain musical behaviors through the individual's life purposefully. When the environments where music education is given are examined, the music departments of fine arts high schools, education faculties fine arts education department music teaching programs, art design faculties music departments, fine arts faculties music departments, conservatories, public education centers, art centers, sections of municipal conservatories reserved for music lessons, etc. appears to be. In order to provide music education in a healthy way, the noise level of the buildings where music education is given should be controlled and the buildings should have certain qualifications. Buildings, classrooms and concert halls should be designed with attention to be in a form that can have acoustic properties. With the advancement of technology and the discovery of new materials, important developments have begun to emerge in building materials. While all these developments (strength, flexibility, bendability, etc.) generally reflect positively on the properties of the material, they may cause some disadvantages, especially in terms of insulation and acoustics. However, the slow progress of the legislation related to insulation causes the development speed of the studies on building materials to decrease. Insulation is of great importance, especially in terms of achieving the purpose of educational buildings with musical functions. In this study, information was provided about wool, which is a textile material, and felt obtained from wool. Evaluations were made about the usability of wool and felt in music education environments.

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We Experienced Hype: The Truth will set Machiavelli free

Author(s): Hanan Hadžajlić / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2021

We experienced hype. We have experienced mantra on a global level: types and new subtypes of virus with all its logos; form of crisis and new forms of crises; one form of infection, one form of death, one form of cure, one type of solution with all its subtypes. “Corona”, “Coronavirus”, “Covid-19”, “new wave”, “crisis”, “global crisis”, “economic crisis”, “infected”, “dead”, “cured”, “vaccine(s)”.

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ORTAOKUL KAYNAŞTIRMA ÖĞRENCİLERİNE YÖNELİK YÜRÜTÜLEN MÜZİK EĞİTİMİNDE KARŞILAŞILAN SORUNLARIN İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Ahmet Arif Deniz,Ülkü Sevim Şen / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

The aim of this study is to identify the problems encountered by music teachers in music education conducted for secondary school inclusive students, to determine the methods. In this study, qualitative research methods were used and general survey model was used as model. The participants of the study consisted of 24 music teachers working in private and public secondary schools in the Antakya district of Hatay in the 2020-2021 academic year. A semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher was used as data collection tool in the study. 31 questions about the music education given to the inclusive students were asked to the teachers who participated in the study. The data were evaluated according to content analysis. Frequency and percentage values were given and presented in tables according to categories. In line with the findings obtained in the content analysis, it was found that secondary school music teachers' experience in music lessons for inclusive students and their knowledge about inclusive education were not at sufficient level and they did not consider the undergraduate education they received sufficient. In the study, it was observed that inclusive students needed one-to-one attention considering their disability and accordingly, the school administration, teachers and other school personnel displayed positive behaviors toward these students. The teachers participating in the study did not have the necessary qualification about IEP (Individualized Education Program), and they could not allocate enough time to the students who needed this training due to insufficient course time.

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Jazz in Central and Eastern Europe as discussed by Jazz magazine (1956-1959)

Author(s): Artur Trudzik / Language(s): English Issue: Sp./2020

The aim of my research was to demonstrate, based on statistical findings, how the editors of Jazz, the only periodical which popularized Western music in the 1950s, described developments in the genre through news, essays and reader comments. Considering the political situation of the 1950s, it is worth noting that the magazine usually presented Central and Eastern European jazz reliably and objectively, although (occasional) concessions to the political correctness of the era were made. The largest number of pieces on jazz in the Eastern Bloc was devoted to the USSR, but the analysis has shown that the circumstances of Russian lovers of jazz music were the most difficult. Importantly, almost until the end of the researched decade, the attitude towards jazz, especially in Russian media, was clearly negative, although numerous attempts were made to popularize it (contacts with the United States, major festivals, etc.) A slightly smaller, although still large, number of pieces pertained to Czechoslovakia, again not shirking criticism of the state of jazz in that country. Nevertheless, it appears that in general terms, the situation of jazz in Czech and Slovak lands was satisfactory. A similar number of pieces discussed East Germany and Yugoslavia, although in the former case these were mostly short notes relating the current situation and more rarely substantive articles, while the opposite was true of the latter. Much less attention was paid to Hungary, while Romania and Bulgaria were only mentioned in passing, which was the result of the objectively weak popularity of syncopated music among their populations.

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The Film Structure of Andy Warhol in American Experimental Cinema and “Underground” Cinema Culture

Author(s): Hasancan Pınar / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. Iss./2021

Experimental film movement, which is one of the important breaking points of the history of cinema, has an important place in the formation of many new techniques and different forms. It is possible to find traces of the movement all over the world in the American Experimental Cinema since the 1920s. World War II caused cultural damage in America. Especially, viewers caught up in Hollywood magic met with films that encourage thinking. After this situation, the concept of real underground “underground” cinema emerged. “Underground” movie mold represents a whole created in America in the history of experimental cinema. Undoubtedly Andy Warhol, who directs today’s art understanding plays an important role in “American Underground Cinema”. The structure that can be observed in Warhol’s films is perhaps like a poem, music, or, more accurately, an aura (atmosphere). Aura is a tangible thing that an individual can see as much as they want. Warhol was labeled the modern form of legal electric execution as typical American business. He created bundles of images in his factory to react to Hollywood cinema that poisoned the system with its unreal illusions until the end of the ‘60s. However, after facing his fear of death, his struggle to turn life into art, which is his purpose, has decreased day by day. It even disappeared. At the end of the ‘70s, its factory, which had an important role in the formation of its purpose, was closed and film production was stopped.

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Eğitici Şarkıların Fen Bilimleri Dersinde Kullanımı: Güneş Sistemi ve Tutulmalar

Author(s): Hacer Efe,Gözde Gümüş,Ünsal Umdu Topsakal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 62/2021

Nowadays, the interdisciplinary position of science is at the forefront. For this reason, attention is drawn to the use of different disciplines in the teaching of science. The aim of this study is to get the opinions of secondary school students about the science lesson taught with educational songs and to examine the effect of the implementation on the attitudes of the students. The research model of the study is a mixed method in which qualitative and quantitative patterns are combined. The study was conducted with 12 middle school 6th grade students (6 girls, 6 boys) studying in a public school in the 2020-2021 academic year. In the study, educational songs were used in the teaching of the science course "Solar system and eclipses" unit. The implementation was carried out for a total of five hours in four weeks. The qualitative data collection tools of the study were semi-structured interviews and student diaries; the quantitative data collection tool is the attitude scale developed by Biçer (2011) with a reliability of 0.89. Semi-structured interview and attitude scale were applied to the students before and after the implementation. Student diaries were filled in by the students during the implementation. In data analysis, qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test in the SPSS program. The collected data were analyzed and interpreted. As a result of the study, the students found the science lesson, accompanied by educational songs, enjoyable and stated that it provided the opportunity to repeat the subject. In addition, it was determined that the science lesson, which was taught with educational songs, caused a positive change in the attitudes of secondary school students towards the science lesson.

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Gauguin’in Resimlerindeki Renk Orkestrasyonu

Author(s): Huseyin Uysal / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 61/2021

Gauguin is an important painter who lived between 1848-1903 and became a pioneer for his contemporaries with his artistic stance. Although he started painting at a late age, he proved himself in a short time with his devoted work, both theoretical and practical. Reacting to the nature-following feature of Impressionism towards which his contemporaries were oriented, innovations revealed its open artistic structure, arguing that emotion and state should be included alongside the impression. This innovative structure also opened the door for him to make exemplary studies on the relationship between painting and music within the scope of interdisciplinary art. Gauguin, who has a special interest in music, gave musical meaning to his paintings with color tones and often used the term "Color Orchestration" for his paintings. From this point of view, the aim of this study, which is shaped by the case study pattern, that is one of the qualitative research approaches, is to deal with the color orchestrations in Gauguin's paintings within a pictorial and musical framework. In this direction, five different paintings by Gauguin were chosen to create orchestration examples. By paying attention to the subject of the paintings and the stain values and timbres of the colors that make up the painting, instruments were determined to correspond to the color and orchestration examples were created with these instruments. As a result of revealing the relationship between color and sound with this study, Gauguin's "Colour Orchestration" idiom has been embodied.

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За първите български учебници по музика и сборници с детски и училищни песни

Author(s): Rossitsa Draganova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2020

The text is devoted to the musical-pedagogical practice in the Bulgarian school in the period immediately after the Liberation. The first Bulgarian textbooks on music and collections of children‘s and school songs are presented, used in the conditions of the intensely developing Bulgarian education and musical culture at that time. The report also discusses the problem of teacher training and the repertoire of the Bulgarian school, as well as the qualities and peculiarities of the collections of children‘s and school songs used in the educational practice at the very end of the 19th century

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Някои аспекти на преподаването на поп и джаз пеене. Място и степен на важност на емпиричния метод при изграждане на вокалната техника на студентите

Author(s): Iliyan Paraskov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2020

Singing, resp. verbal communication, is performed through one instrument – our voice. Messages and emotions are entirely personal and relate to the personality of the performer (the emitter of the message), which requires a variety and uniqueness of models and layouts for creating vocal and verbal specimens. As such, this report focuses on some aspects and issues arising from my work with students in pop and jazz singing. The first and main problem is related to the level of expectations and potentialities of the young performers. The professor should identify the most effective and efficient methodological principles for each specific case. The evolution of pop and jazz music is extremely dynamic, quick, the variety of styles and forms is immense. Therefore, the vocal pedagogue should systematize the most popular and dominant types of vocal and performing techniques in the particular music environment, some of which are outlined in this report. The teacher should determine the level of technical and theoretical preparation that each pupil has. The main problem is to define properly the individual vocal abilities and provide the correct orientation for the student to a suitable style, repertoire and realization as a vocal performer.

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Port na bPucaí: Representations of Solitude, Isolation and Otherworldly Encounters in Irish Poetry and Folk Theatre

Author(s): Daithí Kearney / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Port na bPucaí or the tune of the fairies is a well-known piece in Irish traditional music that is reputed to have been heard by a musician during a period of solitude. It reflects a common motif in Irish folklore whereby individuals are inspired by or develop their craft and skills in solitude with suggestions of spiritual otherworldly assistance. The tale and tune are represented in Irish poetry and folk theatre. In this paper, I critically consider how the work of Irish poet Séamus Heaney and the theatre company Siamsa Tíre, the National Folk Theatre of Ireland incorporates or is inspired by folklore and music related to solitude, isolation and encounters with an otherworld or spiritual dimension. Although there is no connection between the poet and the theatre company, I draw on three examples in which Heaney and Siamsa Tíre draw on similar points of inspiration from folklife and lore, reflecting the link between literature, art and folk culture. The examples reflect themes of solitude and isolation, both in relation to individuals and communities, and the creativity, wisdom and understanding attributed to moments of isolation. The article also reflects on the creative process and the importance of solitude for the artists

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