The Liquidation of the Roman Catholic Clergy of the Latin Rite in the USSR (1917–1938)

Author(s): Jan Szczepaniak / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2013

After the peace treaty with Poland (18 March 1921) and after the reorganization of the Church administration in 1921 and in 1923, ten administrative units of the Catholic Church were placed within the borders of the USSR; eight were of the Latin rite and two of the Eastern rite. In this article, the author presents the history of repressions organized by the Soviet authorities towards the Roman Catholic Church (1917–1938) with special attention given to the process of liquidation of the Roman Catholic Clergy of the Latin rite.

Rewolucja na prawicy Działalność Obozu Narodowo-Radykalnego w Wilnie wiatach 1934-1938

Author(s): Daniel Pater / Language(s): Polish Issue: 7/2008

The National Radical Camp (NRC) in Poland in the midwar period was exceptional phenomenon. In the whole bunch of national assosiations this one was open to new wave of ideas coming from the West, known as national-revolutionary or national-radical. In the polish national camp, national-radicals occurred due to disappointment of liberalism and democracy. From this reason came characteristic rush to revolutionary renewal, searching for new organizational, ideological, political and constitutional solutions. In the common knowledge, image of the NRC history was established by historiographical works, written on the basis of the party’s Warsaw headquarters. Rather unknown are the activities of the local NRC sections in Poland. In the meantime, the NRC sections had some impact on the shape of local social relations. This article presents radical go-ons in Vilnius. Author approaches the mechanism of organisations actions, way of functioning, attitude towards current events. On the example of Vilnius radical organization we can follow the stages of The National Radical Camp development and eventually it’s final collapse.

Problem prawdy w notatkach Wittgensteina z lat 1930-1933

Author(s): Maciej Soin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2007

The article shows an evolution of the concept of truth in Wittgenstein’s Nachlass (1930–1933). In this period Wittgenstein passes from the view on the possibility of truth as an internal relation to the explanation acknowledging the harmony between thought and reality as an accomplishment of grammar. An analysis of the reasons of this change explains the standpoint of the Investigations on truth.

Katalog rubrycel diecezji pińskiej 1926-1939 znajdujących się w księgozbiorze Archiwum Diecezjalnego w Drohiczynie

Author(s): Marek Hałaburda / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

The aim of the article is to present the catalogue of liturgical calendars of Pinsk diocese from years 1926-1939; the catalogue can be found in the library of Diocesan Archive in Drohiczyn. In the article issues connected with creating the calendars and also their content are presented. These kinds of elaborations belong to church official prints. They give practical indications concerning a course of individual periods of a liturgical year; they also indicate annotations concerning performing liturgy of hours, saying mass and other services. Additionally their cognitive value is raised by marginalia, that is annotations, corrections and supplements which were drifted by owners of the prints. It must be underlined that the collection of Pinsk calendars, which is stored in Drohiczyn, is one of few, complete collections in Poland, if not the only one.

50 lecie odrodzonego Muzeum Ziemi Wieluńskiej

Author(s): Jan Książek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

Historia wieluńskiego muzealnictwa sięga okresu międzywojennego. Wówczas grupa pasjonatów skupionych w organizacji Polska Macierz Szkolna zaangażowała się w powołanie regionalnego muzeum. Jej działaczka, Felicja z Morzyckich Rymarkiewiczowa, właścicielka majątku ziemskiego w podwieluńskim Niedzielsku, na stworzenie irozwój muzeum poświęciła swoją energię iśrodki finansowe. W powstanie nowej instytucji kultury włączyły się również władze powiatowe, które na siedzibę muzeum przekazały cztery sale w pałacu, wzniesionym w połowie XIX w. na murach średniowiecznego zamku, zczasem zamienionym na siedzibę Starostwa Powiatowego. Uroczystego otwarcia Muzeum Ziemi Wieluńskiej Polskiej Macierzy Szkolnej dokonano 10 X 1926 r. Po blisko dekadzie z sukcesem prowadzonej działalności powiększone zbiory przeniesiono do wykupionej i zaadaptowanej na cele wystawiennicze dawnej cerkwi przy ul.

Wspomnienia ninon pytrus. Do druku przygotował Adam Ustyniak

Author(s): Ninon Pytrus / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2011

The author of the memoirs (b. 1923) during the occupation escaped from the transport that was going to forced labor camp. When she was caught she was in prison on remand then taken to Ravensbruek concentration camp. The camp experiences had on impact on her psyche. With their nightmare and diseases acquired during her stay in prison and camp, she struggled for her life.

Sprawy graniczne powiatu Wieluńskiego w roku 1937

Author(s): Dariusz Janiszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2005

Klęska Niemiec i Austro-Węgier, kończąca I wojnę światową, jak również rewolu¬cja w Rosji przyczyniły się do powrotu na mapę Europy państwa polskiego. Jednak ostateczne nakreślenie granic nowej Rzeczpospolitej nastręczyło nie lada kłopotu, szcze¬gólnie w odniesieniu do granicy zachodniej. Niezgoda wśród głównych mocarstw do¬prowadziła do wybuchu kolejnych trzech powstań ludności polskiej na terenie Śląska. To jednak nie wystarczyło. Decyzj a o przeprowadzeniu na terenach spornych plebi¬scytu spowodowała, że stronie polskiej przypadła w udziale mniej sza ich część, ale za to z większą ilością obiektów przemysłowych. Do ostatecznego zatwierdzenia podzia¬łu Górnego Śląska doszło 20 października 1921 roku, kiedy to Rada Ambasadorów poparła decyzj ę Rady Ligi Narodów dotyczącą tego obszaru. Natomiast 15 czerwca 1922 roku nastąpiła wymiana dokumentów ratyfikacyj nych konwencj i genewskiej, którą miesiąc wcześniej podpisali przedstawiciele dyplomacji polskiej i niemieckiej. Dzień ten przyj muj e się za datę dokonania podziału Górnego Śląska.

The Jewish Community's Interaction with Romanian National Holidays during the Interwar Period

Author(s): Dana Mărcuș / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The following paper examines the integration of the Jewish minority in Greater Romania in a very specific cultural circumstance, that of national holidays. Seen as ritualistic circumstances, national holidays have, even in a secular state, a strong creative and constitutive function. Therefore, it is interesting to see to what extent this was really successful and integrative, as well as the way in which the Jewish community related to such events. The study mainly analyses articles from the interwar press and focuses its research in two directions. On the one hand it tracks down the frequency with which the papers mention the presence of Jewish people in national holidays, and on the other it examines the speeches and messages that the rabbis delivered at such festivities. As such, halfway through the interwar period one can find that the newspapers acknowledge the Jewish people as an active social and political actor, but as the international situation grows tense, the hostile attitude towards the Jewish people is on the rise and they are scarcely mentioned as participants in national holidays, as if they are not part of the nation anymore. Meanwhile, the speeches the rabbis deliver on such occasions have a pattern embedded with leitmotivs that hardly change over time.

Dzieło Matki Bożej Powołań w Wilnie

Author(s): Adam Szot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2008

The Association of Our Lady of Vocations was established in 1931 in Vilnius. The conditions of its existence and activity were regulated by the Statutes. The main goal of the Association was to bring up and educate young men in poverty who wished to serve God as priests or members of religious orders. The aims of the Association were realized and achieved by promoting and consolidating religious vocations in wide circles of the young. Numerous forms of the Association’s activity included running the Apostolic Institute, a boarding house for young men (the so-called Juwenat), publishing initiatives and cooperating with the Catholic Action. Before the Second World War the Association had helped a dozen or so young men of the Vilnius Archdiocese to make decisions concerning their religious vocations.

Struktura społeczna ludności województwa poznańskiego w świetle powszechnych spisów ludności II RP

Author(s): Arkadiusz Rzepkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest strukturze społecznej ludno- ści województwa poznańskiego w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym. Bazę źródłową pracy stanowią wyniki powszechnych spisów ludności z tego okresu. Województwo poznańskie obejmowało przez prawie cały czas istnienia II Rzeczypospolitej większą część Wielkopolski, bez jej kresów wschodnich. Kwestie te poruszył w swych badaniach Stefan Kowal, choć zastosowany przez niego model stratyfikacji jest właściwie powtórzeniem kategoryzacji zastosowanej w spisach, co moim zdaniem jest zbyt dużym uproszczeniem.

Petre Andrei – the model Romanian sociologist of the interwar period

Author(s): Dumitru Stan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

About Petre Andrei has been written, in laudatory terms, that he represents the first Romanian sociologist brought up at a university from Romania, that he was the adept of sociological integralism through which he overcame the boundaries of the deterministic conceptions dominant during the time when he created, that he wrote considerably and at a level comparable with what was being written in the Western sociology at the time, that he was a model as an university professor and man of culture etc. In the present study we present arguments that enforce the truthfulness of the above praises and confirm the high reputation gained by Petre Andrei. Also, we summarize some aspects of its sociological writings which indicate that, now, at almost eight decades since its death, the ideas promoted by him are clearly still actual.

Сацыяльныя прадказанні ці канстатацыя фактау рэчаіснасці? (Беларуская проза 20—30-х гадоу)

Author(s): Aleś Makarewicz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 5/2013

On the basis of the observations concerning literary factuality the article characterizes the ways post-revolutionary events and public leaders’ aspirations are transformed into artistic world of the literary work to create context which has either disapproving pathos (“Two Souls” by M. Goretsky, “Notes by Samson Samosui” by A. Mriy, “Neither Guest nor Host” by L. Kalyuga) or the equivocality: praise and disapproval, admission and rejection of facts, notions, heroes and anti-heroes of the prototypic reality (“Vilenskiye Kommunards” by M. Goretsky, “Pathways” by M. Zaretsky, “Boundaries”, “New Way” by S. Baranovyh).

Раман Максіма Гарэцкага “Віленскія камунары” — новае прачытанне

Author(s): Voĺha Hubskaja / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 5/2013

The object of the research in this article is M. Harecki’s novel “Vilensky Communards”. The work created by the writer in 1931–1932, is considered in the context of modern literary criticism as a discourse that leads to the understanding of relative convention of revolutionary subject. The author emphasizes the fact that the novel contains a multisided artistic image in which Matey Myshka is the hero of revolution on the one hand, and an archetype of a trikster on the other hand. Such an image enabled the author to show all the cynicism of an era hidden behind the glossy description of historical events.

Камічна-псіхалагічны сінтэз у беларускіх апавядальных гісторыях 1920-х гадоу

Author(s): Vitaĺ Padstaulienka / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 5/2013

This article analyzes Belarusian narrative stories of the 1920s. The author of the article argues that the narrative stories of this period, maintaining the main features of the genre naturally stand out in each individual case. The form of narrative construction is equally important for the genre modification. First-person narration gives the illusion of a full psychological “immersion” in the introverted world of personal experiences of the protagonist. The construction of the narrative histories in the form of third person allows the author to conduct creative experiments to combine subjective and objective forms of narration.

Формування нормативно-правової бази Всеукраїнського фотокіноуправління (1922-1930 рр.)

Author(s): Roman Roslyak / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

In the article the process of creation is produced normatively legal bases of VUFKU 1922-1930.

Bucharest’s public buildings of today and yesterday: the Town hall of the Green District IV, currently the Town hall of District 1

Author(s): Hanna Derer / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2014

By their very nature, public buildings belong to those properties that are invested without any difficulties with all the types of cultural values. As edifices that serve and represent communities (and not only some of their members), this category of buildings inherently enjoys all those features that necessarily bestow their cultural identity, as it is always endowed with those attributes that embody relative artistic and technical values; also, due to their use, such architectural products are rare or unique. Being looked into from the viewpoint of its cultural relevance, the study that substantiates the complex restoration design drawn up during the same year of 2010, the Town Hall of District 1, Bucharest is no exception to any of the previously mentioned perspectives. On the contrary, when explored through less common lenses as, for instance, its impact on the context in the past, the investment value or the echoes in the period publications, this property allows a more refined definition of its significance at the time it was conceived and erected, a kind of significance that we should probably integrate more profoundly within the system of values we assign to it today.

Arhidieceza Romano-Catolică de București între România Mare și Republica Populară Română (1918 -1948). Date statistice

Author(s): Marius Oanță / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 57/2018

This study discusses the changes in the structure of the Roman-Catholic Archdiocese of Bucharest between 1918 and 1948; these changes affected both the religious life and the geographical borders imposed at the end of World War I, as well as the establishment of a new ecclesiastical province with its own bishopdoms – a situation that emerged because of the changes occurring in European states through international treaties. At the end of the Great War, it was imperative for Latin Catholic diocese boundaries to be reconsidered, all the more so since, after the war and the annexation of the historical territories, Greater Romania was born. As a result, parts of the Catholic ecclesiastical provinces which were under the jurisdiction of some archbishops in Hungary were then included in the Kingdom of Romania.

Un episod de diplomație culturală franco-română după 1918: Alphonse Dupront și Institutul Francez de Înalte Studii din București

Author(s): Vasile PUSCAS,Veronica Turcuş / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 57/2018

The study focuses on the activity of Alphonse Dupront (1905–1990), the head of the French Institute of High Studies in Romania between the years 1932–1941. The results of this activity were extremely benefic for the French-Romanian collaboration during the difficult period of the Nazi ascension in Germany and of the rise of the Italian Fascism. The annex of the study presents the text prepared by Liviu Floda for the Congress of the American-Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1987, valuable testimony of the Romanian-French cultural relations during the interwar period.

A NEP mint történelmi korszak

Author(s): Zoltán Both / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/1989

Kollektivizálás a Szovjetunióban

Author(s): Sándor Bozsik / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/1989