DIE EINZELHEITEN UND UNTERSCHIEDE ZWISCHEN DEN WAHLEN IN SLOWENIEN UND KROATIEN IN DEN JAHREN 1920–1927

Author(s): Bojan Balkovec,Ivana Šubic Kovačević / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2015

The article presents the basic characteristics of electoral legislation in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1920 and 1922. The electoral legislation stipulated the boundaries of the constituencies based on regional courts in Slovenia and counties in Civil Croatia. Zagreb and Ljubljana, as the capital cities, were separate constituencies. Besides Ljubljana, Slovenia had two other constituencies, while in addition to Zagreb, Croatia had eight constituencies. The constituencies in Slovenia and Civil Croatia were much larger than those in Serbia. The political situation in both Croatia and Slovenia was similar with regard to elections, as it was apparent that a single party was dominant. In Croatia this was the Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) led by Stjepan Radić, while in Slovenia this was the Slovenian People’s Party under the leadership of Anton Korošec. Both parties advocated a less harsh/more moderate centralization, meaning a system that would at least acknowledge the features of individual provinces to some degree. A vital element that exerted an impact on the final election results in Croatia and Slovenia was ethnicity. In Croatia, this entailed the Serbs, while in Slovenia it entailed the Germans. Yugoslav parliamentarism managed to survive in the 1920s despite the system’s considerable instability, in which King Aleksandar often intervened, whose constitutionally and legally defined influence was not negligible. Political conflicts led to an assassination on the floor of parliament in Belgrade, which led King Aleksandar to take matters into his own hands on 6 January 1929, when he dissolved parliament and instituted a dictatorship. Parliamentary life was restored in the autumn of 1931. The similarities between the initial activity of the two most powerful parties in Croatia and Slovenia had disappeared entirely later in the 1930s.

POLITYKA PODATKOWA RZĄDU WŁADYSŁAWA GRABSKIEGO W LATACH 1923–1925

Author(s): Paweł Grata / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 05/2008

"Rajš' ko Talijana, sem zbrala Slovana"

Author(s): Marina Lukšič Hacin,Boštjan Udovič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 2/2014

The following contribution analyses the history of emigration from the Slovenian ethnic space to the countries of the former Yugoslavia and its contemporary consequences. The main thesis builds on the understanding that the Slovenian emigrant community in the “Yugoslav state” was largely neglected from the viewpoint of operative politics as well as from the scientific study perspective. The analysis is divided into four historical periods, which differed significantly as far as the migration dynamics is concerned: the first migration stage (1850–1914), dominated by economic reasons; the second migration stage (1919–1941), when the political and cultural reasons also became important; the third migration stage (1945–1991), when the main reasons for migration were economic and ideological; and, finally, the article is concluded with the analysis of policy towards the Slovenian immigrants to the Yugoslav territory in the time of the independent Slovenia, together with all of its advantages and shortcomings.

Majanduse oskussõnu kahe maailmasõja vahelt

Author(s): Jaan Alver,Lehte Alver / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 61/2015

The paper provides an analysis of Estonian economic terminology, including accounting terms. The first reputed Estonian bookkeeping publications, which appeared in print in 1900 and 1902, were thin booklets. The first economics and business books followed in 1907. On 1 December 1919, Tartu University opened its doors as Tartu University of the Republic of Estonia with Estonian as the language of instruction. As a result, the real development of Estonian economic terms started in the 1920s, when several business books were published. The 1930s saw further development of terminology. An important characteristic of this period is the publishing of dictionaries of foreign words as well as specialized dictionaries, including those devoted to business/commerce vocabulary. Using the right terminology was quite important, and a number of business books included small dictionaries of terms as appendices. In 1935, the Law of Language for Business Accounting came into force. By the law, from 1 January 1935 it became obligatory to keep books in Estonian. In the article, special attention is paid to Karl Inno, the most talented person in the fields of business economics, accounting and banking in the first Republic of Estonia. Inno demonstrated a thorough approach to the use of terminology throughout his writings. Although he relied on diverse sources in different languages (English, French, German, Russian and of course Estonian, his mother tongue), he was able to avoid literal translations that would carry no meaning in the Estonian language, instead coming up with reasonable Estonian terms, several of which influence their conceptual meaning in an explanatory way. Inno’s terminological analysis is impressive not only as that of an accounting/ banking specialist, but also in his high­level philological approach.

«ДУХ» И «ДУХОТА» ЛИТЕРАТУРНОЙ ПУШНИНЫ

Author(s): Natalia Rogacheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2013

The article focuses on the research of variants of a widely spread motif in the Russian literature of the 1920s. Expression of the topic on relationship between literature and official power in the metaphorical language of clothes / service uniform is found in the poetry by V. Mayakovski, O. Mandelstam, I. Selvinski. The object of analysis is the structure and genesis of the metaphor, that can serve as a formula of the poet’s independence from the time (“pants made of voice velvet” and “the yellow jacket” in the early works of Mayakovski, or also his “freshly cleaned shirt” in the poem “At the Top of My Voice”), an ironic definition for a poet’s political bias (“that lordly fur-coat is not by rank” in Mandelstam’s prose), a metaphor of literary way of life (Selvinski’s “Pushtorg”). In the basis of the majority of variants of metaphors there lie idioms (“A small head for a hat”, “a good fur-coat to sew”), that generate humorous and at the same time tragic connotations of the motif.

Raj w kraju Rad. Upadek pierwszych ludzi według Daniiła Charmsa

Author(s): Aleksandra Surdykowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2013

In 1934 Daniil Kharms wrote a poem The Fall, or the Knowledge of God and Evil (with the subtitle “didascalia”), which is a close adaptation of The Fall – a play from The Book of Genesis. The poet, however, creates an utterly different literary space to the one found in the biblical text. Paradise, in which Kharms’ Adam and Eve are living, seems to be concrete and tangible, as if it were human-made. This is the Garden of Eden of which an artist at the beginning of the twentieth century could dream. The aim of this paper is to expose the possible literary sources of such a vision. The article also presents ways in which mythological and biblical narratives which attempt to explaining the origins of the world and the first fall of humankind might be transformed in the poem written by an avant-garde artist.

STRAH OD POKRŠTAVANJA I AGRESIVNOG KRŠĆANSKOG PROZELITIZMA KAO UZROK ISELJAVANJA STANOVNIŠTVA PLAVSKO GUSINJSKOG KRAJA (1913-1970)

Author(s): Redžep Škrijelj / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 55-56/2013

Prošlo je sto godina od nezapamćenog zločina genocida i akcije pokrštavanja muslimana Plavsko-gusinjskog kraja, a da u vezi događaja nije sprovedena ni jedna ozbiljnija državna istraga. Među preostalim, raseljenim stanovnicima ostao je po koji zapis kao sjećanje na brutalni čin, koji su zvanične vlasti Kraljevine Crne Gore nastojale sprati sa sebe i pripisati ga takozvanim, lokalnim „paramilitarnim“, crnogorskovasojevskim moćnicima, predvođenim zloglasnim Avrom Cemovićem. Da zlo bude veće, niko za ovaj brutalni čin nije kažnjen, niti je za to odgovarao. Preplašeno i nezaštićeno stanovništvo u ovom, ratovima pripojenom, dijelu Sandžaka, nastavlja svoj egzodus prema Albaniji, Kosovu, Makedoniji i preostalim dijelovima Osmanlijske imperije. Svaki podignuti kamen krajputaš, snagom svoje ispisane poruke, govori o tegobi življenja, ali i opstanka na okrvavljenoj zemlji plavsko-gusinjskoj. Osim relativizacije ovog zločina i poigravanja sa statistikama stradalih, i nakon sto proteklih godina, malo je učinjeno na njegovom rasvjetljavanju.

ISLAMSKA ZAJEDNICA U PLJEVLJIMA (II DIO)

Author(s): Adnan Prekic / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 27-28/2004

Tema ovog rada je Islamska vjerska zajednica u Pljevljima između dva svjetska rata. Da bi što potpunije objasili ovu temu moraćemo prvo pojasniti opšte ustrojstvo IVZ u Kraljevini za period od 1918-1941. godine. Ovaj rad je koncipiran tako da se u njemu pojasne one stvari koje je IVZ samostalno uređivala a to su: vjerska pitanja, šerijatsko sudstvo, vakufskomearifske poslove, kao i vjersko-prosvjetna pitanja. IVZ posmatraćemo kroz prizmu odluka i uredbi koje je vlast na nju primjenjivala u periodu od 1918-1930. godine, kao i kroz ustave IVZ iz 1930. i 1936. godine. Svako pitanje koje objasnimo uopšteno pojasnićemo i na konkretnom primjeru, tj. u Pljevljima.

Działalność gabinetu Leopolda Skulskiego w świetle protokołów posiedzeń Rady Ministrów (13 XII 1919 – 9 VI 1920) i rola rządu w okresie przygotowań do „wyprawy kijowskiej”

Author(s): Jacek Goclon / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2(1)/2014

The government of Leopold Skulski had been active under the pressure of war preparation but was mainly occupied by internal issues. Foreign policy was under the control of the country’s leader, Marshal J. Piłsudski. The cabinet of Leopold Skulski had little room for maneuver, the expenses connected with the war campaign represented 60% of the country’s total budget. Even though war orders had a very positive influence on industrial and agricultural output growth, the bulk of that output had been absorbed by the army, which automatically created problems in the open market. Similarly, the country’s foreign trade balance was significantly overloaded by the burden of military expenditure with inflation providing a source of solid revenue income for covering war expenses. The Skulski government tried to stabilize the internal balance; on 1 April 1920 it unified the various state treasury and taxation systems and on 29 April, it unified the country’s five currencies into a single currency. On 1 June, a unified railway tariff covering the whole country was introduced. During the activity of this government, parliament had to agree an eight hour working day and a 46 hour working week for the workers, as well as providing them with a social security system.

COPING WITH HOUSING CRISIS: POST-WORLD WARS’ EXPERIENCE IN BULGARIA

Author(s): Dobrinka Parusheva / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2017

In this article the issue of housing crisis in Bulgaria in the aftermath of the two World Wars is addressed comparatively. The author looks at the state’s activities in the field of housing and people’s responses to their failure to provide enough dwellings. The idea about the presence of more similarities than differences between the developments during both periods is launched and discussed, by emphasising the role of the interplay between tradition and modernization.

Национализъм, миграция и туризъм (Случаят с детско летовище „Ерма“, гр. Трън)

Author(s): Petar Parvanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Following the Neuilly Peace Treaty and the secession of territories from the Bulgarian state, including the so-called “Western Suburbs”, the country is experiencing a business and migration crisis. It has to reorient its economy and seek new sources of income for the national economy. One of these new branches of the economy is tourism, which is begun to look, not only as a means of recreation and pleasure, but also as a source of income. The state has to cope with refugee waves of Bulgarians who have moved to the interior of their homeland because the settlements in which they live remain under foreign rule. Another part of the migrants are moving to the big cities for economic reasons. As they settled in the big cities, refugees began to create community organizations, and a wave of patriotic and nationalist feelings rose there. There is nostalgia for the native end. Organized, refugees are beginning to seek economic recovery and cultural development in their native places. It is the combination of these factors that leads to the combination of national feelings, migratory waves and economic and cultural recovery, as is the case with the creation of the Erma Chateau Committee in Tran.

INTESTATE SUCCESSION OF FEMALE DESCENDANTS ACCORDING TO THE AUSTRIAN GENERAL CIVIL CODE IN THE CROATIAN-SLAVONIAN LEGAL AREA 1853–1946

Author(s): Mirela Krešić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2010

Development of the Croatian legal system based on the Austrian General Civil Code (GCC) in the period 1853–1946 made the GCC a watershed of legal tradition. Founded on liberal principles, and the principle of individuality, it had a significant impact on the society at the time of its introduction – it had brought the feudal social and legal system to an end, and facilitated the emergence of a modern civil society. However, the process of transformation was marked by numerous problems for which the reasons were found in the GCC, particularly in its provisions on intestate succession. Introduction of the principle of equality of male and female descendants in the matters pertaining to inheritance was considered particularly controversial, especially concerning its application in the matters of land inheritance. Difficulties in the application of the principle of equality of inheritance were justified by the legal consciousness in some parts of Croatian society, which were opposed to the idea of gender equality in succession. Also, a belief prevailed that (further) partition of predominantly small lots of land into even smaller parts, following the disposal of the estate between male and female descendants, would lead to difficult economic circumstances and poverty.

Тема голодомору 1932–1933 рр. в Україні в контексті музики постмодерну: на прикладі опери Вірко Балея

Author(s): Ganna Karas / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2013

The article disclosed the topic of Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine in the context of Postmodern music on the example of opera "Holodomor (Red Earth. Hunger)" by the contemporary American composer of Ukrainian origin Virko Baley. Actuality of research was called forth by 80th anniversary of Holodomor in Ukraine and absence of comprehension of this work in the modern musical science. The research solved the following tasks: was reviewed the concept of "Postmodern", "intercultural communication"; discovered and analyzed the sources that disclose the history of opera writing and staging, its presentation through the contemporary forms of culture art objectification; demonstrated the role of V. Baley’s opera in the development of genre and processes of intercultural communication. Many genres of contemporary music are dependent on V. Baley’s talent as a composer. The author uses the traditions of avantgardism and Postmodern in vocal cycles, productions for chamber orchestras, in the concerts for different instruments. Despite of being in general manifestation of Postmodern, there is a distinctly Ukrainian note of Neofolklorism in the opera "Holodomor (Red Earth. Hunger)". It is not only the first work of the composer in this genre, but also the only opera reflecting the topic of Ukrainian Holodomor. The work on the opera continued for almost three decades (from 1986 to 2011). V. Baley foresees an extensive use of the multimedia elements – broadcasting of fragments from the films of 1930-ies, newsreels, radio programs, authentic records of the then music, and speeches of the leaders and so on – grandiose collage of epoch’s documents that is an outstanding display of Postmodern. In its present form, the opera focuses on complicated relationship between those three who met at the tightest point of misfortune on the solitary crossing and starve – a Woman, her Child and embittered Man. The protagonists of the opera – Man and Woman dying from hunger and the main psychological line is a conflict between them. V. Baley was seeking not only to tell about Holodomor or present it on the stage; his opera ideologically is much more complicated and manysided and talks about general human moral problems that are effective under any circumstances. It discusses the good and evil, mercy, forgiveness, lack of faith, mental emptiness and mental strength, human power and weakness. Therefore, the protagonists are rather symbols, generalized figures. Operatizing "Holodomor (Red Earth. Hunger)", the composer consciously stops on its chamber genre. By virtue of funds donated by the University of Las Vegas, the full concert performance (world premiere) took place on January 26, 2013, and was repeated on February 05 in New York. The principal players were tenor John Duykers and soprano Laura Bohn under conductorship of the author. Writing an opera devoted to the horrors of hunger in Ukraine and the problem of redemption, the composer set to himself not only artistic tasks, but also social and political. As Ukrainian by origin, the author wants the world to know the true information about Ukraine, and Ukrainian music art to occupy the deserving place in the world cultural space. Opera created during the epoch of Postmodern cannot remain the event of local significance. Modern art is an important form of culture art objectification in the context of development of information technologies. The new forms of culture art objectification used in the opera "Holodomor (Red Earth. Hunger)" include media and internet art. They enable "transportation" and edition of the created messages (recording of premiere, placing of information of the author’s website, on the composer’s personal page on Facebook social network, ensure a "vivid contact" with the author. Such an invention of Internet as blogosphere (network journal) enables periodical placement of the content (textual, illustrative, video, audio), its edition, review of friends’ pages, commenting of the records as well as reception of the comments and so on. Thus, new media are characterized by the high speed of information transfer, interactivity, and possibility to stay connected to the information channel practically in any place and at any time. V. Baley’s opera "Holodomor (Red Earth. Hunger)" is a vivid postmodern production that occupies the deserving place in the development of modern world opera, and due to the disclosure of the theme of Holodomor in Ukraine young people shape warning towards totalitarian regimes that generate mass violence and human genocide.

Riik ja arhitektuur. Konstantin Pätsi ehituspoliitika 1934–1940

Author(s): Karin Hallas-Murula / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 03+04/2016

Artikli eesmärgiks on näidata riikliku kontrolli tugevnemist ehitustegevuse korraldamisel riigijuht Konstantin Pätsi juhtimisel 1930. aastate teisel poolel. Riigi rolli suurendamine peegeldus ehitustegevuse riikliku juhtimise ümberkorraldamises, ehitusvaldkonda puudutavates dekreetides ning uues ehitusseaduses (1939), arhitekte ja insenere ühendavate uute organisatsioonide loomises ja nende tegevuse kontrollis, arhitektuurihariduse riiklikus ümberkorraldamises jm. Artikkel uurib riigijuhi isiklikku osalust ja initsiatiivi ehituspoliitika kujundamisel ja suunamisel ning toob esile võtmepositsioonidel asunud arhitektide tegevuse.

Corina Leon-Sombart şi Garabet Ibrăileanu. Confidenţe epistolare

Author(s): Lăcrămioara Chihaia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 06/2015

This paper aims to portray the life of Corina Leon-Sombart (1873- 1970), daughter of the rector of the University of Iasi and the second wife of the well-known German sociologist Werner Sombart. Searching the archival documents treasured in the Central University Library of Iasi we found 30 letters and postcards addressed by Corina to professor Garabet Ibrăileanu, the founder of the Viaţa românească [Romanian life] journal, that had never appeared in print. The letters are especially witty and interesting, as they give us a glimpse into Corina Sombart’s innermost thoughts and feelings, featuring wise meditations on different topics such as literature, political and economic life, family and friends. Corina Sombart’s correspondence is important not only because of what it reveals about her own life and work, but also because it gives a unique insight into literary networks of the period. Among the contemporary writers that she valued stand out Panait Istrati, Ionel Teodoreanu, Lucia Mantu, Anatole France and Thomas Mann. The letters offer a remarkable record of the experience Corina was to turn as a wife and as a mother: that of a young Romanian woman entering the Sombarts, experiencing the new social, cultural and political possibilities opening up in Germany during the twenties. Corina’s letters speak us powerfully and seductively, having a way of revealing as much about the subject matter as they do about the author and the recipient. They offer slivers of the live, love and longings of the author living in a foreign country. In the twenties and the thirties the Sombart house in Grunewald along with Corina’s salon was the center of a circle of discussion partners and friends like Carl Schmitt, Jens Jessen, Karl August Emge, count Hermann von Keyserling, Sergiu Celibidache, the ambassadors Pierre de Margerie, Vittorio Cerruti and many other important people. The subjects of discussion included theatre, literature, history and politics, as Nicolaus Sombart refers in the most acclaimed volume of memoirs, Youth in Berlin. Being in close proximity to some of the high profile people who gathered in her salon, Corina Sombart witnessed the most important historical events of the last century

W poszukiwaniu systemu rządów u progu niepodległości (1918–1921)

Author(s): Krzysztof Prokop / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The subject of the article is to identify the factors and conditions that determined the system of government of the II Republic of Poland in the first years after regaining independence at the end of 1918. The study is devoted to three issues: the system of government at the turn of 1918 and 1919, the system of government under the Small Constitution and the system of government in the light of drafts of the Constitution of the II Republic of Poland. According to the author substitutes of the parliamentary system of government were born already in the first weeks of the functioning the Polish state authorities. Under the Small Constitution of 20 February 1919, an attempt was made to introduce the system of parliamentary supremacy. This turned out to be impossible given the high level of authority enjoyed by the country’s head of state – Józef Piłsudski, who also served as its commander in chief. Drafts of the Constitution assumed (mostly) the weak position of the president. In this way, the Constitution of 17 March 1921 adopted the parliamentary-cabinet system of government, which was modeled on the system adopted by the III French Republic.

Književni život Bjelovara u prvoj polovici 20. stoljeća

Author(s): Ilija Pejić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2007

In the introductory text, literary work of the writers from Bjelovar and its surroundings, called Bjelovar’s Literary circle, is being observed in the totality of the cultural efforts during the first half of the 20th century. Many works scattered through press or, in the best case, bound in stiff covers, with unequal values, are being divided and critically valued with direct access in the creation of every author. For easy reference the literary life is shown in two parts: Faded Glory of the old Empire (1900 – 1918) and Betrayed Expectations in the New State Formation (1919 – 1945). Lujo Varga Bjelovarac and Fran Pilek, two native poets and narrators of the patriotic, war and social topics, are two dominant literary personalities of the first period which mostly coincides with the Croatian Modern era. At the same time we have many other writers: The last supporter of the Illyrian Movement Ivan Trnski, a folk writer and educator of common people, doctor, translator from Bulgarian and Russian Fran Gundrum Orlovčanin, multi task minister Ivan Nepomuk Jemeršić, theologian and folk writer Rudolf Vimer etc. The atmosphere of the pre-war Bjelovar Kruno Kolarević Sanjin depicted in its causeries while Dragutin Klobučar and Ivan Bošnjak are the authors of sketches from the country life. The second period, better known as the literature between two wars, the time of the let down promises, bitter illusions, and sobering up, was marked with polemic tones, essays of the pedagogue Vlado Petz, essays-fantastic stories of Slavko Rozgaj, physicist and astronomer, blooming of children’s literature (Josip Cvrtila, Mato Lovrak, Zlata Perlić, Eduard and Branko Špoljar), social theme domination and prosaic sorts (Vladimir Jurčić, Ivan Dončević, Rikard Simeon, Slavko Kolar, Mihovil Pavlek Miškina, Mara Matočec), appearance of women authors (Zdenka Jušić-Seunik, Zlata Perlić) with exceptional poetic realizations and deviations from common classifications (Đuro Sudeta). In the end there is a list of the literature used in the final forming of synthesis, of the overview, as a starting point for further readings and researches in the end of which Bjelovar’s Homeland Reader is going to be formed.

Трансформация шекспировских образов в творчестве Б. Л. Пастернака 1910–1920-х гг.

Author(s): Anna S. Akimova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2018

The urgency of the work lies in the fact that English culture and literary tradition were significant in the life and creative development of Pasternak. The article is devoted to the problem of interaction of Russian and English literatures in the Boris Pasternak’s works. It deals with the facts of direct appeal of the poet to the creative heritage of English poets and playwrights, special attention is paid to the images of Shakespeare’s tragedies, which manifested not only in the poet’s correspondence with his relatives, but also in the poems (The Decade of Presny, Shakespeare, English Lessons etc.) and in the novel Doctor Zhivago. The images of Shakespeare’s tragedies (Macbet’s witches, Ophelia, Desdemona, Birnam forest) allow Pasternak to describe the events taking place in the family and in the country in whole. They become the topic of Pasternak’s literary-critical articles (Hamlet, Prince of Denmark (on behalf of the translator), Notes on Shakespeare, etc.). They express not only the understanding of the main images of his works, the interpretation of their conflicts and Pasternak’s observations on Shakespeare’s style, but also the reasoning about his own method of translating. Thus, the Pasternak was under the influence of Shakespeare’s style long before working upon the translations of his plays.

Октябрьская революция и распространение русского языка в Китае (1920–1930-е годы)

Author(s): Ye Baichuan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 28/2019

In this article, the authors, using the rich historical path traversed by China, analyze the influence of the October Revolution of 1917 on this country in terms of the spread of the Russian language on its territory. They note that the first attempts to spread Russian in China date back to the beginning of the 18th century. Two hundred years later, due to historical events that occurred in Russia and that shook the whole world, Russian received a new opportunity for active penetration into Chinese life. This was reflected in the increase in the number of people studying Russian language and culture. To a large extent, this was the case in Russia's neighboring areas. After the completion of the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway and after the October Revolution, a large number of Russian emigrants found themselves in the territory of northeast China. According to linguists, there are about 1,200 words of Russian origin in modern Chinese. This was facilitated by the fact that, in addition to literary works, the enormous efforts of the Chinese intelligentsia were directed towards the translation of works related to the teachings of Marxism on literature and art. Finally, the approval of the new political system in Russia led to the fact that the Chinese language included terms reflecting the class character of the Soviet state, the struggle of the ruling party and its opponents, and opposition to the warring parties during the Russian Civil War.

ГРОШОВА РЕФОРМА Є.Ф. КАНКРІНА (1839 – 1843 рр.) В ІСТОРИКО-КРИТИЧНОМУ ОГЛЯДІ П.П.МІГУЛІНА

Author(s): Natalia Pasichnyk,Barbara Kuklik / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2019

The article continues the series of publications on problems and measures for reforming the monetary circulation of the Russian Empire. The article highlights the preconditions, mechanisms of realization, advantages, disadvantages and consequences of the monetary reform of 1839–1943, analyzed in the scientific works of Petr Migulin, the professor of Financial law of the Kharkiv and St. Petersburg universities. Interest to this subject is due to the need to work out the scientific heritage of Professor Migulin, whose long «oblivion» was associated with his migration after the events of 1917. A significant number of scientific papers of P. Migulin can serve as a source of research on the economic history of the imperial period, from the history of financial and economic science and education, as they contain unique statistical material on monetary issues. To achieve this particular goal, special methods are used for the study of socio-economic history: narrative, comparative-historical, historicalbiographical, statistical, as well as the methods common to historical and economic studies – organizational approach and process analysis.