За "Безсъдбовност" - двадесет години по-късно

Author(s): Ágnes Heller / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

"Fateless" by Imre Kertesz is a book that is discovering to the readers how Hungary was affected by the Holocaust. The information in the book is based on saved documents of that period, which adds historical realism to the described dark times. The author of the article, Agnes Heller, is analyzing the book in depth and makes comparisons with other works concerning the Holocaust.

Jedwabna czerwień. Kolor i materiał w powieści "W czerwieni" Magdaleny Tulli

Author(s): Kamila Dzika-Jurek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article presents an attempt to reinterpret "W czerwieni", a novel by Magdalena Tulli in the context of an autobiographic work of the writer, namely "Włoskie szpilki". Such an intertext allows for reading the novel in question as a record of The Holocaust experiences. The majority of researchers have qualified Tulli’s prose as the so called post‑modernist literature about nothing while incomprehensive motives in novels written by a Warsaw writer have been defined as “a writing extravagance”. The author of the very text, on the contrary, makes a belief about “the readability” of this prose a general hypothesis whereas on the example of "W czerwieni" shows referential possibilities of Tulli’s works. Discussing the motives pointing to the meaning of what is material in the world presented in the novel (porcelain, silk), as well as interpreting the meaning of the colours in the work, the author of the article concludes that the structure of the world presented, full of traces, frays and corpse is the way of expressing the Extermination.

Zsidókérdés Magyarországon 1944 után

Author(s): István Bibó / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Levél Borbándi Gyulához

Author(s): István Bibó / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Bibó István és a zsidókérdés Magyarországon

Author(s): Ferenc Fehér / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Disappeared Science - With historians Michal V. Šimůnek and Antonín Kostlán on their book Disappeared Science, which documents the fate of scholars and intellectuals of Jewish origin in the years 1939-1945

Author(s): Pavel Zeman / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Despite the advances in research after the year 1989, there are still blank spaces on the map documenting the country’s victims of Nazi persecution and racially motivated persecution of the Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia. Together with a number of scientific institutions, museums and archives, initiatives and civic associations, the Cabinet of the History of Sciences of the Institute for Contemporary History of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic has also been involved in documentation of the victims of Nazi persecution and persecution on racial grounds for many years. The Cabinet’s collective research project Scientists and Intellectuals of the Czech Lands as Victims of Nazi Persecution 1939–1945 was launched in 2007 and focused on representative documentation of the consequences of the Nazi occupation in the personnel composition of the scientific community in the Czech lands in the latter half of the 1930s and the first half of the 1940s.

Marius Oprea, Romania

Author(s): Marius Oprea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

I think we all have a big problem – how to condemn communism. How to use democratic tools against a totalitarian system. Th is is our main problem. How to deal with the past. How to condemn, in a practical way, the communist system. Because we don’t have the tools. We have the seminars, like this one, where we give speeches, where we express our many views on this topic… What is the difference? Th e difference is that this is the state. Because the forensics, they have the gloves. But we don’t have gloves. We find bodies buried in common graves. But they have, practically, all the tools. They said those crimes were prescribed as ordinary crimes. Not as crimes against humanity, not as a Holocaust. Why not? Are they not similar?

Petr Brod, Czech Republic

Author(s): Petr Brod / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This conference is subtitled “The View of Historians and Legal Experts”. I myself am neither a professional historian nor an expert on the law. Rather, I speak from personal experience as somebody who comes from a family that suffered in various ways under both totalitarian systems, and as somebody who lived in exile and in his own way took part in activities aimed against the communist regime in Czechoslovakia – in my case, at foreign radio stations. There are in essence two strands to what I would like to speak about. I will partly attempt to answer certain questions which come under this panel’s heading. And I would also like to consider certain aspects of these issues from the Jewish perspective. That is because we find in the histories of both the 20th century’s totalitarian regimes tragic and interesting links to Jewish history. Some have already been discussed, and I have my own perspective on them.

Victims and Traditions

Author(s): Ferenc Laczó / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The following chapter explores how the Holocaust of 1944 and the end of the communist revolutionary project in 1989 are constructed in terms of their contemporary relevance in Hungary to thereby discuss some key questions of historical explanation and narrative coherence in post-communist times. My focus will be on major trends, key disagreements, and recent changes in Holocaust remembrance and the meanings assigned to 1989. I shall conceive of Holocaust remembrance as intimately linked to the issue of historical responsibility whereas I shall treat the remembrance of 1989 as a crucial problem of historical orientation that also has a decisive political stake.

The expulsions and resettlements of people in the German-occupied territories of Poland (1939 – 1945)

Author(s): Maria Rutowska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Germans as perpetrators and victims

Author(s): Zbigniew Mazur / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The memory of institutionalized violence and historical semantics

Author(s): Hubert Orlowski / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Pokus o komparáciu monografie Ivana Kamenca Po stopách tragédie s niektorými významnými dielami o holokauste v zahraničí

Author(s): Nina Paulovičová / Language(s): Slovak Publication Year: 0

Ivana Kamenca ako historika na domácej Slovenskej akademickej pôde netreba predstavovať. Jeho prácu Po stopách tragédie možno označiť za priekopnícku v štúdiu holokaustu na Slovensku. Druhá edícia Kamencovej knihy v anglickom jazyku, publikovaná roku 2007 pod titulom On the Trail of the Tragedy, nielenže otvára anglicky hovoriacim čitateľom a akademikom možnosť doplniť mozaiku vedomostí európskych dejín 20. storočia, ale taktiež nabáda slovenského akademika, aby toto dielo postavil do dialógu s prácami, ktoré vyprodukovali historici v zahraničí. Takýto pokus o zaradenie historika do celkového kontextu svetovej historiografie považujem osobne za kľúčový, vzhľadom na to, že nám umožní pochopiť nielen význam Kamencovej práce, ale hlavne poukáže na to, ktorým smerom sa historiografia holokaustu na Slovensku môže potencionálne uberať.

Situaţia Populaţiei Evreieşti în Transnistria, Reflectată în Arhivele De Stat Ale Regiunii Odessa (1941 ‑ 1944)

Author(s): Irina Motornaia / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Una dintre cele mai tragice pagini din istoria celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial este fără îndoială Holocaustul suferit de poporul evreu. În cele ce urmează, dorim să prezentăm o serie de fonduri documentare păstrate în arhivele statului din Odessa (Ucraina), în care se vorbeşte despre situaţia populaţiei evreieşti deportată în regiunea Transnistriei, despre situaţia ghetourilor organizate de autorităţile române care administrau zona în acea perioadă şi multe alte aspecte legate de viaţa populaţiei evreieşti din teritoriul dintre Bug şi Nistru în anii celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial.

„BO ŻYWI ZAWSZE MAJĄ RACJĘ PRZECIW UMARŁYM“ - RZECZYWISTOŚĆ OBOZÓW KONCENTRACYJNYCH NA PODSTAWIE POWIEŚCI RUDOLFA VRBY UTEKL JSEM Z OSVĚTIMI I OPOWIADAŃ TADEUSZA BOROWSKIEGO

Author(s): Katarzyna Dąbrowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of the paper is to present a horror caused by the Second World War, and in particular the reality of the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. The whole paper i divided into two main parts. In the first one i would like to present briefly the profiles of two men Rudolf Vrba and Tadeusz Borowski and their lives before they were sent to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. In the second part i want to present their literary works, which are testimonies of the few who survived the hell of the concentration camp and were able to tell about this reality. In my deliberations, i focus on comparing what each of these men felt, experienced, what he learned, what attitude he presented to himself and other inmates and supervisors. On the basis of this information, i am able to create a picture of the reality of a concentration camp, not only its rules and principles, but above all a world in which there is no human identity, only a tattooed number and where any moral choice brings physical or mental suffering, and later death.

The Holocaust and Its Contexts in Strážnice and Svatobořice Based on Oral Testimonies

Author(s): Slavomír Lesňák / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Štúdia skúma metódou mikrohistorickým pohľadom holokaust v moravských obciach Svatobořice a Strážnice. Premeny lokality „Baráky“ vo Svatobořicicích ako i rozprávanie preživšej Ruth Felixovej o jej živote sú odrazom „veľkých dejín“ 20. storočia. Štúdia čerpá informácie k obom miestam z orálnych prameňov uložených v archíve svedectiev Visual History Archive (Univerzity v južnej Kalifornii). Prezentácia z terénneho výskumu sa týka lokality Baráky (Svatobořice – Mistřín), bývalej rómskej osady pri Svatobořicích, synagógy a židovského cintorína v Strážnici a domu Ruth Felixovej na Bzeneckej ulici.

Dziecięce doświadczenie getta w spektaklach dla młodego widza

Author(s): Joanna Królikowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The theatre makers often deal with the issue of the Holocaust, but predominantly they talked about the past and memory with adult audiences. Attempts to tell young audiences about the Holocaust are therefore a novelty in Polish theatre. Two performances: “Huljet, huljet” of Teatr Figur in Krakow and “Rutka” of the Arlekin Puppet Theatre in Lodz, both presenting the life of Jewish children in ghettos are examples of activities undertaken in this trend. Both of them are based on local stories related to the cities where theatres operate. “Huljet, huljet”, directed by Dagmara Żabska and Alla Maslovskaja, refers to the Krakow ghetto, Rutka, directed by Karolina Maciejaszek, to the Lodz ghetto. The common element for both shows constitutes making children the main characters and presenting life in a closed neighborhood from their perspective. The analysis of the indicated performances made it possible to check how the creators constructed the stories about the childhood experience of the ghetto and by what means they tried to convey this experience to the young audience. In this context it is worth to mention the importance of considerations done by Frank Ankersmit, in particular the categories of "historical experience" and "experience about the past".

Bekenntnis des Ostarbeiters Nr. 997 / Исповедь Остарбайтера N 997

Author(s): Leonid Jekel / Language(s): German,Belarusian Publication Year: 0

For half a century already, Vasily Semyonovich Boykachev is carrying pain in his heart like a splinter in his body. As a fifteen-year-old boy, he was deported to Germany for forced labor. He worked in a war factory where bullets were manufactured. He never told anything about it, not even to the wife and son who are closest to him. A strong feeling of guilt towards his wife, who was a front-line doctor, towards relatives, fellow villagers and simply unknown people because of his forced participation in the human-killing work always tormented him like a terrible nightmare. He thought with a pounding heart that the deadly bullets, which his child labor had also been involved in making, could have injured or killed his future bride, or killed or maimed his compatriots who were fighting for their homeland. For half a century he asks the Lord God to forgive him and take away this sin from him...

Židé v českých zemích v moderní době. Židovské stereotypy a všední život Židů v badatelském přístupu výuky

Author(s): Zdeňka Stoklásková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Cílem je demonstrovat problematiku židovských dějin vysvětlením a v některých případech pokusem o vyvrácení určitých zažitých stereotypů. Problematika Židů v dějinách je velmi často spojena pouze s holocaustem a dějinami 20. století. Velmi často je upozaďován výklad židovského všedního života vzhledem k jejich kulturnímu a vědeckému přínosu pro společnost. Cílem je prostřednictvím pochopení určitých pojmů „nastartovat“ vidění minulosti ve světě kolem nás. Důležitou součástí je práce s digitalizovanými prameny, které mohou napomoci pochopení historie, a to zejména v regionálním kontextu.

Néhány kiegészítő megjegyzés a zsidókérdésről

Author(s): István Bibó / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0