Kanonske vizitacije Senjske i Modruške (Krbavske) biskupije

Author(s): / Language(s): Croatian

Spisi koji su pred nama predstavljaju primjer crkvene birokratske „literature“– strogo formaliziran niz pitanja koja je vatikanska administracija postavljala svojim službenicima, te odgovori koji su na njih dobiveni. Međutim, osim suhih podataka o kanoničkim karijerama i ustroju kaptola, ovi nam dokumenti otvaraju prozor u mnoge segmente života onodobnoga Senja: vjerski, kulturni, intelektualni, trgovački, pa i onaj koji bismo nazvali zabavnim – i po tome su specifični u odnosu na većinu preostalih spisa iz korpusa koji nazivamo kanonskim vizitacijama.

W stronę antropologii inkluzywnej: głęboka niepełnosprawność intelektualna a człowieczeństwo. Studium z zakresu katolickiej teologii niepełnosprawności

Author(s): Anna Maliszewska / Language(s): Polish

The specifically defined subject of analyses contained in the present study is a notion of humanity of persons with profound intellectual disabilities. It comes down to answering the following question: Are persons with a form of profound intellectual disability in fact considered human persons? And if so, are they human persons to the exactly same extent as the remaining representatives of the Homo sapiens species? Are we able to offer a “definition” of humanity that would encompass all human beings? And whom, eventually, should we include amongst the said human beings? This project, however, aims not to create an anthropology of intellectual disability that would adequately describe persons with profound intellectual disabilities but would not be suitable for all human persons. Therefore, the title refers to an inclusive anthropology, namely, one that would account for all individuals, regardless of their condition and stage of their life development. What is intended herein, then, is such a wording of the humanity “definition”, so that there is no need for “exceptions” and persons with profound intellectual disabilities are not left out in, or even outside, the margins of humanity. What is more, the inclusive anthropology means that people with intellectual disabilities – as fully-valid human beings – are capable of revealing to us the truth about humanity in a way that would be hardly feasible, or impossible, without them. As indicated by the title, it is a theological work, which means it originates from within faith, particularly Catholic faith. So, for the questions asked, concerning humanity of persons with intellectual disabilities, the answers are also sought within faith. The treatise’s purpose is, moreover, to contribute to advancement of Catholic theology of disability, which on the one hand makes the teaching of the Catholic Church along with its anthropology a departure point, and on the other hand, the hitherto achievements in theology of disability serve herein as a reference point. The said purpose points to the sources referred to and cited in the work, which are, mostly, documents of the Church’s Magisterium, as well as works on theology of disability. The analyses are ceaselessly accompanied by the fundamental theoretical claim and practical aim stemming from theology of disability: persons with intellectual disabilities are absolutely equal to fully-abled individuals. Such a claim is, however, not a mere ideologically-assured assumption, yet finds its justification in the faith of the Church – originating form God’s Revelation – in unconditional equality of all human beings (Romans 2.11, Acts 10.34, Galatians 3.28). The very fact of the research being conducted from a vantage point of theological anthropology or, to be more precise, from a standpoint of Catholic theological anthropology, translates, first of all, into full appreciation of doctrinal messages of the Magisterium of the Catholic Church relating to the human nature, and secondly, into an attempt to interpret this teaching in a way that would reveal the full humanity of persons with intellectual disabilities. Statements by the Magisterium ecclesiae often stress that human nature involves rationality, more precisely “rational spirit” (cf. among others Council of Vienne 1311–1312, Fifth Council of the Lateran 1513), which may cause quite significant issues if we apply such statements to an individual lacking “the use of reason”. It is worth noticing, at the same time, that the Church Magisterium uses descriptions of this kind when speaking of very particular individuals, namely children who have not attained the use of reason. Here we reach quite a bit of paradox, since the Church, on the one hand, does not deny the humanity of small children, foetuses, or persons with intellectual disabilities, on the other hand, however, the Church claims that rationality determines human nature. The present publication does not consider the teaching of the Catholic Church pertaining to rationality and freedom of human being as discriminatory against or oppressive towards persons with intellectual disabilities, and by the same token, does not reaffirm the thesis – supported by some theologians – that the mentioned teaching should be discarded and relativized, but rather takes a completely different path. As a result of the analyses undertaken, it is concluded that the outlooks displayed relating to the capabilities of persons with intellectual disabilities should be altered, and reversely – the fundamental truths regarding human beings should be perpetuated to keep their incessant presence in the tradition of the Church and its teachings. Resultantly, it is assumed that those persons, alike any other human beings, are fully equipped to know and love God (or to exercise their freedom of choice and reject God), to love other people and world, and even to – in their very particular way – rule over the world. Those claims do not require any empirical proof, because by their very nature they are empirically unverifiable, which also applies to individuals fitting the so-called intellectual norm. The discussed, absolutely fundamental, facets of being human, are not restricted to biochemical reactions in the human brain, even though they may cause them. Therefore, while claiming that persons with profound intellectual disabilities are capable of knowing (and loving), it is concurrently acknowledged that the notion of “knowing” itself must be reworded or reformulated, in order to no longer be associated with the Enlightenment reason or IQ. Genuine human “knowing” is not restricted to what can be observed and measured, akin to humanity itself, which cannot be restricted to what is empirically verifiable. The above notwithstanding, this work assumes some “empirical” criterion of humanity (of what constitutes being human). In the proposed take on the topic, the only observable condition of being considered human, is the origin from human parents: an individual is a human being (and therefore, a rational and free entity, so capable of loving) by sole virtue of having human ancestors. This statement has its roots not only in the ancient philosophy, but also in biblical image of the human being. Accepting a fundamental claim by the Catholic Church concerning the humanity of persons with intellectual disabilities along with teaching on rationality and freedom of human person, this treatise simultaneously rejects the substantiation for it provided in respective Church documents that consists in ascribing to some individuals (foetuses, persons with profound intellectual disabilities) specifically human capabilities as a mere potential. For this kind of discernment establishes a kind of “double anthropology,” and through it, a fundamental inequality amongst human beings, of which some actively explore a range of essentially human possibilities, while others possess them only as potential. What is more, through the above-mentioned claim, persons characterised by the said untapped potential are reduced to the remainder of visible creation, not in the least able to decide on the path to its own salvation. Another notion discussed in the present work, which is both hard to implement in the case of persons with profound intellectual disabilities and representative of the major anthropological Christian tradition, namely imago Dei, is connected to the question of uniquely human possibilities. Based on the claim regarding rationality and freedom of persons with profound intellectual disabilities, a relational interpretation of God’s image in human being has been built. Also in this case, there has been perpetuated the traditional, and prominent in documents of the Magisterium, understanding of the image of God, and at the same time, the thinking about persons with intellectual disabilities has been changed. In the proposition of understanding imago Dei put forward herein three most widely disseminated theological opinions are taken into account that consider the essence of the image of God in human person (uniquely human capabilities, relationality, ruling over creation). To briefly summarize the final conclusions: each and every person, due to his or her innate capabilities (rationality and free will) enters into relation of love freely, thanks to which he or she becomes similar to God – the Trinity of Persons loving one another, which is not without any impact on the surrounding material world (the facet of ruling over the creation). The reflection undertaken in the present monograph does not come down to “adjusting” the persons with profound intellectual disabilities to the established and dominant narrative of the Church (a human person as imago Dei, as a rational, free being that rules over creation), but rather – on the basis of Divine Revelation and experiences of people accompanying persons with profound intellectual disabilities on their life paths – it is proposed to view human being as fragile, dependant, unique, and called to praise and celebrate. Thus, the reflection undertaken herein does not consist solely in showing difficult traditions (present within Christian thought) which demand re-interpreting and specifying in the context of persons with profound intellectual disabilities, but also in showing Church traditions that may be perceived as liberating for those people. Seeing humanity through a prism of fragility and dependency of a human being, uniqueness of each and every human, and eventually being called to praise and celebrate becomes a reason to treat persons with profound intellectual disabilities not as incomplete human beings, but rather those who in especially compelling way exemplify the truth of what it means to be human, at least in some aspects of it. An anthropology built around the said facets of humanity not only does not exclude those people, but also renders persons with profound intellectual disabilities as representative individuals of the human species. Acknowledging persons with profound intellectual disabilities as capable of personal choice to accept or reject God is a step outside the dominant Church vision of those individuals as “innocent saints” and it implies a much more serious approach to the question of their access to sacraments. For if persons with intellectual disabilities, as any other human being, struggle to attain sainthood and salvation, the Church cannot deny to them the access to sacraments – the basic “means” of salvation. So, it seems necessary to reform the sacramental practice of the Church build upon anthropology which “quietly” strips the persons with profound intellectual disabilities of their humanity or considers them some kind of “exceptions” – that is, marginal cases of humanity. The thesis that persons with profound intellectual disabilities are in fact fully human leads to a conclusion that is only natural, namely, that those persons are simultaneously eligible to be full members of the Church. In the present work it is assumed that they should have the widest possible access to sacraments, even if it might cause a slight deviation from the standard administration of sacraments. This work’s main thesis – namely, assuming the rationality and freedom of persons with profound intellectual disabilities – is controversial and, if treated with due seriousness – may bring about far-reaching changes in Church practice. Nevertheless – despite a kind of folly behind it – it seems to be the most reasonable. For we are on the safe side when we treat those human beings as rational and free, rather than to assume something that is quite the opposite. When undertaking the questions of the persons with profound intellectual disabilities’ presence in the Church community, one must conclude that this issue affects not only the said people and treating them with due justice. Those questions pertain to all of the Church members who, by isolating “the persons who are unable to meet adequate standards,” are denied the opportunity to tap into the source of wealth persons with profound intellectual disabilities have to offer. Therefore, they are indispensable for the “fully-abled” Church.

Royal Doors of Maramureș beyond their appearances.

Author(s): Alexandru Baboș / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

Dans les églises de rite byzantin, les ‘portes royales’ de l’iconostase se distinguent par leur richesse, leur étrangeté et leurs mystérieux ornements. Malgré le rôle décoratif essentiel qu’ils jouent, la finalité de ces traits caractéristiques demeure souvent obscure. Le manque d’explication cohérente devient ainsi l’un des défis scientifiques les plus stimulants à relever, afin d’en clarifier la signification. Étant donné que les recherches en ce sens sont encore absentes du panorama critique de l’histoire de l’art post-byzantin, mettre l’accent, dans une analyse du symbolisme des ‘portes royales’, sur une province lointaine telle que le Maramureș pourrait surprendre. La présente étude se propose toutefois d’interpréter la décoration des ‘portes royales’ au sein du cadre strict de l’espace rituel et culturel byzantin dans le territoire des Carpates du Nord à l’époque prémoderne, en s’appuyant, pour ce faire, sur des écrits religieux contemporains des objets étudiés. Puisque ces écrits, à travers les traductions en langue vernaculaire, ont influencé la culture populaire de la région, la décoration des ‘portes royales’ doit être interprétée en clé mariale. Aussi, tous les traits caractéristiques, les détails et les significations de ces portes illustrent la porte du ciel, attribut caractéristique de la Mère de Dieu dès l’incarnation du Christ. Il semblerait donc que le thème central en soit l’Annonciation. Ainsi, l’étude se propose de montrer la manière dont ce thème a été amplifié et diversifié sous forme de cycle iconographique composé de quatre parties, que l’on peut observer à la fois en peinture et en sculpture. Les sculptures témoignent d’un emploi particulier du langage métaphorique, exprimé d’une manière allégorique et emblématique, à travers laquelle les ‘portes royales’ sont transformées en pièces centrales et complexes de l’iconostase. Plusieurs prophéties concernant la Venue du Sauveur grâce à une vierge ont été choisies et représentées dans la sculpture des ‘portes royales’ de la région des Carpates du Nord, qui devient le centre d’un développement iconographique particulier. Sans doute, les disputes religieuses ont-elles façonné la culture spirituelle des croyants orthodoxes des Carpates, à l’époque turbulente de la pré-modernité. À cet égard, la rhétorique du langage artistique visuel se pose en miroir des témoignages apportés par les documents, les inscriptions et les collections folkloriques des communautés de rite byzantin. Situé à un carrefour de civilisations, l’art sacré de Maramureș contribue à une meilleure compréhension de la signification et de l’évolution de ces ‘portes royales’ à l’époque post-byzantine; mais il nourrit également l’étude de l’histoire de l’art européen dans son ensemble.

Les livres grecs anciens de la Métropole de Moldavie et de Bucovine conservés dans la bibliothèque «Dumitru Stăniloae» de Iaşi.

Author(s): Lidia Cotovanu / Language(s): French Issue: 6/2022

The Library of the Orthodox Metropolitan See of Moldavia and Bucovina in Iaşi preserves over a thousand copies of old Greek books. There are only ten manuscripts in this collection, one of which was com-missioned by Constantin Brâncoveanu, Prince of Wallachia. The collection consists mainly of Greek prints of various origins, some of which can be traced back to the library of the Princely Academy of Iași, succeeded by the Mihăileană Academy. Other volumes originate in the library of the Theological Seminary of Socola, founded by Veniamin Costachi Metropolitan of Moldavia, who donated his personal library to the Iași foundation. Sev-eral references come from the private collections of high hierarchs, while some books were collected from various Moldavian monasteries, especially from those who used to be metochia of the Greek Patriarchates and the great monasteries under their jurisdiction. This article evaluates the importance of the prints according to their dating, place of publication, owners, and contents (generally didactic books, but also polemical books of a religious nature). It also seeks to reconstruct the historical context of their circulation in Moldavia and the circumstances in which they came into the possession of the Metropolitan See of Moldavia and Bucovina. The analysis provided takes into account prosopographical investigations, the history of the Moldavian educational institutions, and the examination of the notes (mostly in Greek) on the prints.

The Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacular Translations of the Psalms (4).

Author(s): Vladimir Agrigoroaei,Chapel Alessia,Fabienne Toupin / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

This paper represents a continuation of previous publications: “The Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacular Translations of the Psalms. Collective Research” (Museikon, 3, 2019, p. 67-140—hereafter abbreviated as Musical Instruments 2019); “The Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacular Translations of the Psalms (2): Collective Research” (Museikon, 4, 2020, p. 257-302—hereafter ab-breviated as Musical Instruments 2020); and “The Musical Instruments in the Early Vernacular Trans-lations of the Psalms (4): Collective Research” (Museikon, 5, 2019, p. 91-107—hereafter abbreviated as Musical Instruments 2021). The current paper represents the finalisation of this group of articles.

Pious Russian Soldiers, Devout Cretan Donors, and the Church: Transfer and Reception of Russian Icons and Ecclesiastical Utensils on the Island of Crete.

Author(s): Katopi Sofia / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

Cet article se propose d’étudier, dans leur contexte, différents accessoires ecclésiastiques russes, tels que des épitaphes, des vêtements de prêtres et des objets eucharistiques, qui se trouvent dans les églises et dans les monastères de la préfecture de Réthymnon - district passé sous le contrôle russe entre 1897 et 1909 - et qui datent de l’époque de l’Autonomie Crétoise (1898-1913). A la lumière des relations entre la Russie et les institutions socio-politiques crétoises; en tenant compte du fait que la Russie n’entretenait pas, avec cette île, des liens commerciaux aussi développés qu’avec les autres secteurs de la Grèce, l’auteure s’intéresse aux mécanismes de transfert et d’acquisition d’objets liturgiques russes, ainsi qu’à la reconstitution d’une cartographie. Aussi, les découvertes sont-elles étudiées dans le contexte des stratégies politiques - clés du soi-disant « soft power » déployé par la Russie impériale pour asseoir son pouvoir dans la région - employées afin de préserver et soutenir l’orthodoxie contre la propagande catholique et protestante.

Icon Goldsmiths, Pious Widows, and Holy Maidens. Adventure Narratives of Greek Monks Travelling in Late Imperial Russia.

Author(s): Tasos Kostopoulos / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

L’article explore un aspect peu étudié de la réception de l’art religieux russe par les communautés orthodoxes balkaniques du xixe siècle: l’image de la Russie et de ses peuples, que les moines collectant les aumônes (zeteia) avaient relayée, à leur retour, dans leurs monastères d’origine et/ou aux communautés environnantes. L’objectif principal des voyages entrepris par ces moines était de convertir une partie considérable de dons et bénéfices collectés en une variété d’objets ecclésiastiques précieux et/ou revêtements d’icônes. La présente étude analyse trois récits différents de deux de ces voyages, effectués dans les années 1860 et au début des années 1890 par des moines athonites. Elle explore également deux approches dans cette collecte d’aumônes (traditionnelle vs entrepreneuriale) et la manière dont le regard porté par les voyageurs en question sur la société russe, ses institutions religieuses, ses moeurs et ses habitudes, a pu en être affecté.

The Double-Sided Icon of a Seventeenth-Century Galician Painter in Transcarpathia.

Author(s): Puskas Bernadett / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

Le Musée Ethnographique de Budapest conserve une icône en mauvais état qui provient de Patakófalu (Stara Stuzhytsya), plus précisément de l’éparchie de Moukatchevo. Sur l’une des faces se trouve une repré-sentation Éléousa de la Mère de Dieu, un type iconographique qui était extrêmement populaire dans le sud de la Pologne – de même qu’en Hongrie – à partir du dernier quart du xviie siècle. Certaines icônes appartenant à ce type étaient même considérées comme étant miraculeuses. Associée à une certaine signification, la Mère de Dieu était peinte pour demander la protection contre le danger et les souffrances futures. Sur l’autre face de l’icône se trouve une scène de la Crucifixion avec des personnages demandant l’intercession, dont un homme portant le costume d’un noble et sa famille. L’inscription votive en ruthène a été transcrite sur le fond de la scène. La signature du peintre permet d’identifier Stefan Wiszeński de Sądowa Wisznia. Dans le présent arti-cle, une photographie conservée au Musée National de Lviv, ainsi que des urbaria, permettent de déchiffrer l’inscription et de comprendre les circonstances de la commande.

Museographic Objects, Saints, and Sacred Places: Saint Antony Pechersky, Esphigmenou Monastery (Mount Athos), and the Museum of Christian Antiquities (Athens).

Author(s): Katerina Seraïdari / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

L’article nous présente la manière dont trois histoires, avec des finalités très différentes, s’avèrent en réalité interconnectées. La première histoire est celle de saint Antoine Petchersky (xe-xie siècle), père du monachisme russe et fondateur de la Laure des Grottes de Kyïv; la deuxième concerne un monastère du Mont Athos, où ce saint aurait vécu pendant un certain temps au xie siècle; la troisième nous parle d’un objet qu’il aurait porté. La présente étude permet d’explorer la rivalité entre Grecs et Russes au Mont Athos dans la seconde moitié du xixe siècle. Elle permet également d’interroger la question des ‘faux’ objets et la pertinence culturelle de ces derniers.

Products of Russian Visual Culture in the Treasury of Rakovica Monastery in Belgrade (17th – 20th Centuries).

Author(s): Ivana Ženarju Rajović / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

L’article présente une série d’icônes et d’objets liturgiques provenant du trésor du monastère Rakovica à Belgrade, en Serbie. Plusieurs exemples, datant de différentes périodes, témoignent de l’influence culturelle russe sur le milieu local serbe. Le monastère possède six icônes peintes dans le Palais des Armures du Kremlin à Moscou vers la fin du xviie siècle. Ces icônes, qui comptent parmi les témoins conservés les plus anciens, nous renseignent sur les relations serbo-russes au sein de la vie religieuse de Belgrade. D’innombrables guerres ont jalonné l’existence du monastère Rakovica, ce qui explique que le trésor soit aujourd’hui relativement modeste. Il comprend, par exemple, quelques icônes russes des xixe et xxe siècles, principalement des artefacts produits en série, sans valeur artistique significative. Toutefois, les revêtements en argent de trois de ces icônes nécessitent une analyse approfondie. Aussi, le trésor comprend-il plusieurs livres liturgiques imprimés à Moscou ou dans la Laure des Grottes de Kyïv, de même que deux objets liturgiques.

Brief Scholarly Reflections on Ukraine.

Author(s): Kohut Halyna,Taisiya Leber,Waldemar Deluga,Svitlana Valeriyivna Olianina / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

Když rozpínají ruce, dotýkají se temnot: Proměny kněžské identity v prostředí českého katolicismu v 19. a 20. století

Author(s): Petr Husák / Language(s): Czech

This book examines the changes to priestly identity within Czech Catholicism in the 19th and 20th centuries on the example of three Catholic priests (Emanuel Masák, Antonín Ludvík Stříž, Dominik Pecka). The changing identity of priests in the modern age is a relevant theme in historical science and at the same time is the turbulent story of a social profession which still undoubtedly enjoyed social prestige during the mid-19th century, but which with the passing of time became a target of criticism as a symbol of backwardness for some, while for others it was a symbol of eternal order, legitimate authority, authentic service, or even martyrdom. Even in the 20th century, priestly identity continued to contain its sacral, spiritual and even overtly mystical content. As is suggested by the title, it is this which the author focuses on very thoroughly.

Международна славистична научна конференция „Интердисциплинарно изследване на изворите за език и духовна култура: словашко-славянски взаимовръзки“

Author(s): Rayna Rozhdestvenska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

Events

The Burgeoning Rod in Three. Vernacular Lives of Saint Audrey. Clusters of Terms, Formulae, or Images?

Author(s): Ileana Sasu / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Articolul analizează imaginea toiagului înflorit în trei vieți ale Sfintei Audrey (sau Etheldreda de la Ely): una în franceză veche și două în engleză mijlocie, precum și în alte texte devoționale. Studiul arată cum, dincolo de cuvinte, imaginile sunt transferate dintr-o limbă într-alta în timpul procesului de traducere. Imaginile vehiculate de texte determină alegerea cuvintelor în traducere. Analiza se bazează pe două extrase în limba engleză medie. Primul este dintr-o ediție inedită a vieții în proză a Sfintei Audrey, acum într-un manuscris de la Corpus Christi College, Oxford, iar cealaltă din viața în proză din manuscrisul Additional 2604 de la Biblioteca Universității Cambridge, un text scris pentru o membră a unei comunități monahale feminine. Textul în franceză veche este preluat din poemul din secolul al XII-lea La vie seinte Audree, nonneyne de Ely, compus de o autoare pe nume Marie — fie Marie de France, celebra poetesă, fie o călugăriță anglo-normandă cu același prenume. Acestor texte li se adaugă alte exemple preluate din surse latine pentru a demonstra interoperabilitatea imaginii toiagului înflorit în literatura medievală.

The Ship of Salvation. Thematic Transfers in the Rhetoric and Iconography of the Orthodox Church in the Seventeenth Century

Author(s): Elisabeta Negrău / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Plecând de la o scenă reprezentând Corabia creştinătăţii atacată de duşmanii credinţei, pictată în pridvorul bisericii din cimitirul mănăstirii Hurezi (1699), articolul urmăreşte dezvoltarea temei teologice şi iconografice a Bisericii ca Navă şi cercetează sursele pentru această reprezentare din biserica amintită. În scrierile patristice şi în iconografia bizantină şi medievală occidentală, tema ia forme specific confesionale (arca Petri sau barca Petri, în mediul catolic). În secolul al XVI-lea, pe fondul conflictului confesional catolico-protestant, polemicile încep să dea naştere unor imagini satirice ale unor lupte între două vase pe mare, ilustrând alegoric înfruntările dintre cele două puncte de vedere. Exprimate plastic prin tehnica gravurii, aceste imagini sunt o creaţie a mediului protestant german. În timp ce Contrareforma continuă să folosească motivul alegoric al vasului navigând pe mare ca reprezentare a Bisericii Catolice triumfătoare, mediul protestant dezvoltă o iconografie a Bisericii ca navă asediată pe mare de diverse categorii de duşmani: biserica papală, ereziarhi, evrei şi musulmani, personaje infame ale Apocalipsei. Tipărituri cu astfel de reprezentări ajung şi în estul Europei, inclusiv în mediul Lavrei Pecherska din Kyiv, care folosea surse vizuale germane pentru atelierul său de litografie. Pictorii, gravorii şi desenatorii ucraineni din a doua jumătate a secolului al XVII-lea preiau acest motiv, îl instrumetalizează ca alegorie a Bisericii Ortodoxe asediate şi îl exportă în spaţiile învecinate, în Valahia şi Rusia. Motivul pătrunde în paralel, tot la jumătatea secolului al XVII-lea, şi în lumea grecească, pe canale catolice. Mediul grecesc al Muntelui Athos, prin Nicodim Haghioritul, îl va include ca ilustraţie a Pidalionului (culegere de canoane), la sfârşitul secolului al XVIII-lea.

Oliver Jens Schmitt, Biserica de stat sau biserica în stat? O istorie a Bisericii Ortodoxe Române (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2023), 457p.

Author(s): SZABÓ Csaba,Dragoş Ursu / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Echoes

Author(s): / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Jiří Ignác Linek (1725-1791) : Pastorální minikantáty. Partitura a party

Author(s): / Language(s): Czech

The Pastoral mini-cantatas contain the notation of seven Christmas pastorales by the Czech cantor Jiří Ignác Link (1725-1791). The scores and parts of the compositions try to preserve the original form of the period manuscripts that served as a starting point for this publication. It was created with the aim of expanding the musically didactic repertoire based on the Czech musical tradition.

Apostolstwo Chorych. 100-letnie doświadczenie duchowe – podstawy teologiczne – perspektywy pastoralne

Author(s): Antoni Bartoszek / Language(s): Polish

The Apostolate of the Sick is a community established in the Netherlands in 1925. The principal purpose of the community, which is present in Poland as well, is to discover a spiritual and religious meaning of life marked by sickness and suffering. The monograph is the first comprehensive study of theology that underpins the foundations of the community since the beginnings of the Apostolate of the Sick. It has been based on Dutch, Polish, and French sources. The monograph proves that recognition of the meaning of suffering, often after an extended internal struggle, is extremely important for the sick. They are no longer passive receivers of care but become spiritually active entities. Such an attitude does not imply martyrdom nor does it diminish the achievements of medicine. Instead, it constitutes a spiritual and moral barrier against euthanasia.

Church Caritas Ministry in the Perspective of Caritas-Theology and Catholic Social Teaching

Author(s): Jakub Doležel / Language(s): English

The focus of this publication is the Church's charitable ministry in relation to Catholic social teaching. The authors of this collaborative monograph provide answers to the questions of the forms and reasons for their mutual estrangement, how the position of charitable service has changed with the publication of the encyclical Deus caritas est and especially Motu proprio Intima ecclesiae natura, how and why a theology of charitable service can be legitimately conceptualized, how and where such a theology is being developed in the world, and how the two strands of the Church's socio-pastoral mission can be brought into balance in an integral model of charitable practice today.