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Hus v myšlení a tradici pravoslavné církve

Author(s): Jiří Jakub Jukl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 4/2015

The interpretation of Master Jan Hus has gone through significant changes in the Orthodox environment over the last 600 years. He was viewed as one of the initiators of the world’s Reformation movement in the 16th and 17th centuries. He was strictly condemned for this reason during this period in the writings of Russian Orthodox authors (as well as Luther, Calvin and Zwingli). The first radical change to this opinion occurred in the 19th century. Hus is portrayed in the writings of Slavophile authors as completely or almost entirely Orthodox. This understanding was resumed in renewed Czech Orthodox Church. It even resulted in a request for the canonization of Hus sent to the Russian Holy Synod in 1903 although the Russian Holy Synod did not respond to the question concerning Hus’ holiness. The Czech-Moravian Church of Saint Bishop Gorazd had a similarly ambiguous and cautious stance on Hus. This is also suggested by the liturgical texts for the feast day of 6th July and the prayer book entitled Lidový sborník. There are certain supporters of Hus’ canonization at present although their position is not particularly strong.

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Măiestrie și tact pastoral paulin în Areopagul din Atena

Author(s): Vasile Borca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

A major personality of the early Church, shepherd of high spiritual finesse, a subtle pedagogue and a genuine apologist, Saint Paul the Apostle reached the Areopagus of Athens, the city of the great thinkers and ancient philosophers. Indignant and irritated by the desolate picture painted by paganism and idolatry during his second missionary journey there, he does not despair, but adapts rapidly, succeeding in capturing the goodwill of the Athenian elites, therefore allowing him to take the floor and expose the two basic principles of Christian doctrine: monotheism and monogenism or the unity of human origin and fraternity. In this regard he also resorts to some texts from epic and stoic philosophies, thus opening the first dialogue or transcultural communication between the Judeo-Christian culture and the Hellenic culture. The first contact of the Christian Gospel with the pagan Hellenic philosophy is due to Paul the Apostle, who showed great courage, a formidable power of adaptation, skill and patience, thus succeeding in capturing the goodwill of his audience. This Pauline pastoral tact must also be appropriated to us in the pastoral care and the Christian mission.

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Perspectiva paulină cu privire la relaţia lui Dumnezeu cu creaţia - repere

Author(s): Marius-Ioan Sabou / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

The present study outlines aspects and themes of Pauline theology, under the influence of the antitheses between the Jewish and Greek philosophical conceptions, the antitheses that find Christian solutions through Pauline perspectives. Thus, creation is present in the Pauline conception as being the expression of the image of God, being called to the relationship with Him and to perfection in Him.

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Reflecţii asupra primelor două porunci din Decalog – omul în relaţie de comuniune veşnică cu Dumnezeu

Author(s): Adrian Gheorghe Paul / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2019

The present study emphasizes the idea that man is a full and fulfilled being only if he is, tends and keeps in a dialogical relationship with God, his origin and supreme purpose. The fulfillment of the commandments is necessary in the equation of participation in the "life of God", in order to renew and advance to completion. The help of the divine grace received according to the personal ascetic ascents of each individual is definitive in order to continuously support the eager believer after the divine life of his Model of life, Jesus Christ. The first two commandments in Decalogue, which are in close connection, invite us to follow God and to our modeling according to the perfect image of Jesus Christ, until we become in the world a "face" representative of the full Icon of the Lord, modeled by virtue with the various colors of the divine commandments. Keeping us in a communion relationship with God by fulfilling His commandments, always listening Him, obeying Him completely, doing what He asks of us for our eternal good, it is essentially the purpose for which God created us from the beginning: our eternal happiness and fulfillment. To reach this desire, we need to understand the call (vocationis) of our participation in His life full of divine grace and glory, in a permanent dialogue of living according to His will. For He "wants all men to be saved, and to come to a knowledge of the truth" (I Tim. 2,4).

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Ce ne învaţă Vechiul Testament despre pandemie?

Author(s): Eusebiu Borca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

Because the crisis that the whole world is now facing can’t be ignored, because the pandemic is affecting us all, we must find ways to manage with this plague. Where should the Christians seek answers if not in the Bible? God’s Word, Scripture is the most recommended way in searching for an explanation. In these panic and pandemic situations, it is required that, as Christians, to adopt a theological vision, which is based on Scripture. If this theological vision become our way of life, we are able to understand and to answer to our questions regarding fear or mortality, and we can find some positive outcomes even in moments of crise, trusting that the Almighty God loves us. Through the selected biblical episodes, the Israelites remind us that human protection, or our safety and health, are not guaranteed, so, we have to live knowing and understanding very clear our need for God. Because God is the Supreme Good, He does not manifest Himself through evil. It would be nonsense, and then He would no longer be the True God. Evil is the absence of good, evil is a free decision (first of the angel and then) of man, tempted by the devil, to rebel against his Creator. Because God has always sent (through His Son and the Holy Spirit) Love, we understand that troubles are either the reward for disobedience (hence, their cause is men) or indulgence in the acquisition of virtues (this is a divine pedagogy). Therefore, Christians must not fear the diseases or pandemics of this world, but, fearing God, they must continually work for their salvation.

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Războaiele lui Israel din Vechiul Testament. Un punct de vedere duhovnicesc

Author(s): Cătălin Varga / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

The war of God orchestrated by His people Israel has a deep theological and pedagogical dimension, through this belligerent way, in the case of the occupation of Canaan, YHWH desires to exterminate the idolatrous population, which could no longer be corrected because of the hardening of its heart, in order to replace it with Israel, His holy people, from among whom the Messiah, the Savior of the world, will be born. The law of Yahweh’s war in Deuteronomy 20 is the standard according to which the Israelites are guided in the war, and the social dimension of this law places Israel in a clearly superior position to other nations from an ethical point of view. The logical stages of YHWH’s war must be followed without compromise, so that Israel may be victorious in the armed confrontation with its idolatrous neighbours. The Israelites’ inability to strictly observe the laws of war and their departing from the ethical perspective of armed clashes indirectly heralds the need for the coming of the Messianic age and the time of universal peace.

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Israel şi Sfântul Apostol Pavel – paradigme în iconomia mântuirii

Author(s): Marius-Ioan Sabou / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

According to Luther's perspective, the beginning and the end of salvation are closely linked to righteousness, a state which he connects not to a moral effort, but exclusively to the mercy and love of God, worked and accomplished in the sacrifice and death of Christ on the Cross. In this perspective, the salvation of the world seems to be the result of a simple transaction between man and divinity, a transaction that involves a total entrustment of the self into the hands of God. In the twentieth century, this theme of correction and salvation, was at the center of concerns about Pauline theology. The Pauline teaching of saving the world by correction is often seen as a reaction against Judaism, according to which deeds can win favor before God.

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„Pedagogul” lui Clement Alexandrinul, o marcantă lucrare educativă şi de mare actualitate

Author(s): Vasile Borca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

Clement, the prominent Christian personality of the late second and early third centuries in Alexandria, Egypt, lays the foundations of Christian pedagogy through the Catechetical school he led and through his works, especially ”Paedagogus”. It highlights the uniqueness and authority of Christian teaching as the most solid and harmonious conception of the world and life. The Christian life, in its essence, is a natural one. Attachment to Christ and His teachin gs give the believer unwavering dignity, security, and uprightness.Jesus Christ, Who is the quintessential Educator of mankind, offers all of these teachings to man, who is ”the most beautiful being of all creatures”. The multitude and richness of the teachings and principles discovered by Christ for most personal and social compartments of life reach a high moral standard and give it nobility, value, meaning and responsibility, all giving the author and the work presented a great value and a strong topicality.

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Cinstirea sublimă a lui Dumnezeu prin respectarea poruncilor III şi IV din Decalog

Author(s): Adrian Gheorghe Paul / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

This study shows two other commandments from the Decalogue, respectively III and IV, which, together with the first two of the Decalogue, reveal to us the mystery of man’s ever closer approach to God - his Creator: uttering “His holy name” in a murmur of prayer, with holy reverence and propriety, and sanctifying, through a dignified and devout life, the “day” of His rest in order to obtain the eternal rest, so that every man may have the possibility of discovering a personal, communional God, full of life and love, ready to take the Communion, to communicate to us and to make us happy forever. We believe that the idea of sharing such a revealing and loving God is the key to the fulfilment of human nature. For since man, such a small and insignificant creature, can receive in his life and heart such a sublime, great and inspiring God, it means that the One “full of days” reveals the mysteries of His divinity and partakes of man with His eternal law and His holy will. And God wants “all people to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth” (I Tim. 2,4).

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Conştiinţa unităţii de credinţă şi de neam a românilor din Maramureş – păstrată prin procurarea cărţilor de cult din Principatele Române

Author(s): Ioan-Cristian Ștefan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

In a cultural-historical context, the Romanian printed and manuscript book in Maramureş reflects the possibility allowed by the oppressive state, the tradition of the spiritual values representative of the people's being and, in direct connection with them, the spiritual "resistance" of the Romanian population. Unlike Wallachia and Moldavia, in Transylvania and Maramureş, in the conditions of foreign - Hungarian, Ottoman and then Habsburg rule - the Romanians exploited and oppressed were deprived of their own ruling class. The feudal class, the Church and the culture of oppressive states, most often, under the veil of faith, the Reformation, and then the union with Rome, the denationalization of the Romanians. The research of the religious-cultural phenomenon of the circulation of our old writings, along with the reconstruction of the past and the important role they had for the Romanian nation, offer first-hand testimonies on the unity of Romanian culture written over time. In its entirety, the important heritage book of Maramures, together with the fact that it expresses the reality of the Romanian religious and cultural life written on these lands, is, both by means of each manuscript or each print, and by the circulatory spread of all in the Carpathian space, as much evidence of the cultural and faith unity of all Romanians.

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Prophets – The Preachers of God’s Will

Author(s): Valerian Marian / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The present study analyses the lives and activity of a few prophets from the Old Testament and highlights their mission as preachers of God’s will. Although they were simple people, they were called to their mission directly by God, which endowed them with a supreme authority in preaching His will. Through their prophetic words, they scolded, without any fear, the chosen people of Israel and even their kings for their sins and idolatry and their preaching most often caused repentance and re-established the bond between God and His people. This study highlights the fact that the prophets and their prophecies were in fact preparing mankind for the Messiah’s arrival.

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Cântecele taberelor creştine de copii

Author(s): Teofil-Ovidiu Stan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

In recent years there has been an intensification of pastoral concerns related to children and young people, starting from the level of the church hierarchy to that of the parishes. Between the activities that have been imposed we notice the national and regional ITO meetings, but also the summer camps organized at the level of the archdiocese or even the parish. A basic component of these events are the camp songs and the appropriate hymns. In this study we propose a cataloging of the songs that are used, but also possible ways of developing this repertoire. Those in charge of the musical part of these camps will consider mobilizing, engaging songs that convey an emotion, a positive mood to the participants. There will also be religious refrains, or well-known songs - hits, so that the song can be easily recognized and pleasant to perform.

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Biserici naţionale ortodoxe în secolele XI-XV – Biserica rusă şi Biserica sârbă

Author(s): Ciprian Dimitrie Gabriel Gligan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

The entire Russian Orthodox Church was, at first, under the canonical obedience of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. The metropolis moved from Kiev in 1326 to Moscow after the devastation of Kiev during the Tartar invasions. In 1439, at the Council of Florence, the Russian Orthodox Church remained independent of the Rome, and in 1448, the Russians became independent of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. In 1589 the Metropolitan of Moscow became the first patriarch of Moscow and of all Russians, thus making the Russian Orthodox Church autocephalous. Within the Serbian Church, one of the main personalities was that of Saint Sava. In 1219 he drafted the first constitution in Serbia - the Nomocanon of Saint Sava. It was a compilation of civil rights, the aim being to create a codified legal system in the small Serbian kingdom and to regulate the governance of the Serbian Church. But his great achievement was the establishment of an autocephalous (independent) Serbian Church as the national church of Serbia in 1217.

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Personalitatea umanist-isihastă a Sfântului Nicolae Cabasila

Author(s): Adrian Gheorghe Paul / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

In the Orthodox Church, the beginning of the 14th century depicts one of the most representative faces of Byzantine writers during the rebirth of the Palaeologus emperors, place occupied by the one who had neither model nor imitators, Saint Nicholas Kabasilas, outstanding personality of the Byzantium Orthodox spirituality of the hesychastic period. Unique by his power of synthesis, the author of several theological writings of great resonance in Orthodoxy, Nicholas Kabasilas impresses by absorbing most of the currents of the existing Eastern Christian Tradition, being the humanist theologian who knew very well how to assimilate and embody, in a bunch of high theological approaches, most of the Church Fathers of the past, offering a monumental work to the Eastern Orthodoxy. We highlight in this study his high spiritual personality, humanistic and hesychastic at the same time.

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Consideraţii teologice despre avort – păcat de moarte din punct de vedere religios-moral

Author(s): Lucian Achim / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2020

In the context of a world more and more confused and derailed from normalcy, in times when evil is called good and often represents the embodied virtue, and good is called evil, Christianity has the duty to maintain normalcy, to keep in touch with God, to become living examples in an attempt to re-establish the axes of the contemporary world on its primordial and natural coordinates, in full harmony and cooperation with God. This topic: Abortion = Murder (reflections for conscience), was born from the desire to penetrate into the very essence of the moral issues that grind contemporary society, threatening to lead it to spiritual destruction, but also to highlight the fact that we must approach the divine model, the One who he showed the direction to follow in life: love, sacrifice, forgiveness. The relevance of this subject cannot be questioned, representing a duty for Christianity to fight the abortion phenomenon, to fight for life, to keep clean the most precious gift offered by God. Abortion - Considerations of Holy Scripture, Canon Laws, Holy Father Writings, and Contemporary Theological Writings, we will try to compress and compile the anti-abortion elements that make it such a frightening and troubling sin, from various perspectives. In this approach we will start, as is natural, from the pages of the Holy Scripture, then moving on to the canonical vision, continuing with the perspective of the Holy Fathers and reaching to the present day, with the approach of the Fathers of contemporaneity.

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An Informal Ambassador of Romania in Ireland: The Romanian Orthodox Church

Author(s): Nicoleta Stanca,Iulian Isbăşoiu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

The article aims at discussing the case studies of the Romanian Orthodox churches in Dublin and the unique Romanian Orthodox monastery in Shannonbridge, Ireland. The general context is that of a growing Romanian diaspora in Ireland, hence the necessity of such “informal ambassadors”, in the sense of institutions that are both keepers of Romanianness and mediators for better integration in Irish society. We will also offer an overview of the collaboration between the Romanian churches and the Embassy in Dublin for the benefit of the Romanian diasporic community.

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CONCEPTUL DE EDUCAȚIE MORALĂ – ÎNVĂȚAREA ȘI TRĂIREA CREDINȚEI

Author(s): Nadia Andreica / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2022

Morality refers to a system of norms and rules which regulate the behavior of the human subject according to certain values (honesty, fairness, sincerity, helpfulness), values widely shared at the level of a society. Moral education is that dimension of education through which the character is founded and developed as a relational-value side of the personality, respectively of the conscience and moral conduct of the human subject. To the formation of conscience and moral conduct contribute in various ways and degrees conjugated, simultaneous or sequential, systematic or sporadic actions of multiple factors, of which can be mentioned: school, family, group of friends, church and the mass-media. Faith is the premise from which all religious life and all human progress begins in the process of knowing God, contemplating God, and accepting divinity in our lives. Faith helps us to live a life in accordance with the values promoted by both religion and moral education. The religious sentiment was reflected in the ideologies and religious forms found in all primitive peoples and then in the ancient ones. People have to accept religion, no matter what it may be Christian, Buddhist, Islamic, etc., as a form of communication with the supreme power. Faith, a rational procession that descends into the heart, and here, I perceive the heart as a symbol of feeling and experience, is an epistemological journey but also an internal war, a struggle for inclusion and acceptance, understanding and spiritual experience, which unfolds throughout life.„ Faith is the free consent of the soul.” - Saint Anthony the Great

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Involvement of the Orthodox Church in the Ecumenical Movement in the Context of the Orthodox Participation in the World Council of Churches

Author(s): Salome Esebua,Malkhaz Songhulashvili / Language(s): English Issue: 84/2022

The main concern of the ecumenical movement is to overcome the problem connected with the schism and division among Christians. The position of the Orthodox Church is very important in this process, because of historical and other reasons. Orthodox Churches have participated in the ecumenical movement from the very beginning. The purpose of this article is to review the historical context and to examine the main difficulties that exist in the modern ecumenical movement in relation to the Orthodox Churches. As far as the structure of the Orthodox Church differs from that of the Roman Catholic Church, it should be mentioned that the documents and the encyclicals on which the article is based are from autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Churches. Autocephalous means that there are seventeen self-governing Eastern Orthodox Churches that recognize each other as canonical Churches. The highest-ranking bishop is called a patriarch, archbishop, or metropolitan. These seventeen Orthodox Churches share a eucharistic communion, they recognize common dogmas and common ecclesiastical traditions. Therefore, when the article attempts to express the position of the Orthodox Church, it refers to the official documents of the Orthodox Churches announced at inter-Orthodox gatherings or as the encyclicals. The article examines when and why the Orthodox Churches became involved in the ecumenical movement and what challenges the Orthodox Church faces in modern ecumenical organizations.

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Antim Ivireanul

Author(s): Mariana-Laura Pintea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 07/2022

This article highlights the life, the printing activity and the oratorical profile of the holy metropolitan Antim Ivireanul. St. Antim entered the sphere of artistic literature through sacred eloquence. He is a personality worthy of the times in which he lived, an era torn between ambitious projects and a keen sense of the imminence of the apocalypse, between splendor and instability, between opulence and deprivation, a lot of misery and violence. Del Chiaro, the secretary of the martyr voivode Constantin Brâncoveanu, said that St. Antim was a printer but also a calligrapher, drawer, sculptor, translator, embroidery worker, he was gifted with rare talents and he perfected the art of printing. He knew Greek, Slavonic, Turkish, Arabic and he quickly learned Romanian too. He strongly supported Orthodoxy, also printing in Greek, Turkish, Arabic, Slavonic, in addition to the Romanian printings. Cultivated, intelligent and with multiple talents, he integrated so brilliantly in the Romanian culture to the extent that his destiny was identified with its destiny, increasing the tragic number of scholars “killed on the side of the road”.

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Despre Ortodoxia kenyană. Un dialog cu părintele Evangelos Thiani

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Despre Ortodoxia kenyană. Un dialog cu părintele Evangelos Thiani

Author(s): Paul Siladi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 07/2022

This interview with the Vice-Rector of the Orthodox College of Nairobi, Kenya, presents African Orthodoxy, especially that of Kenya: how it came into being, what is its specificity, where future priests are trained, what kind of mission they do, what are their relations with other denominations etc.

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