![Az idegenellenesség alakulása és a bevándorlással kapcsolatos félelmek Magyarországon és a visegrádi országokban](/api/image/getissuecoverimage?id=picture_2016_27555.jpg)
We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The article discusses the role of Germany in managing the EU migration crisis of 2015-2016. Its scale, legal basis and political framework governing refugee movement in Europe are discussed. Analyses concern the measures adopted by the EU and European countries in the face of the rising tide of migration. Special attention is paid to the agreement concluded between the European Union and Turkey (18.03.2016), whose fundamental assumption is the recognition of Turkey as the so-called “safe third country” for refugees. This recognition, in the light of international humanitarian standards, appears to be faulty. Despite this, however, the EU-Turkey agreement has been implemented and constitutes the basis for EU remedial action.
More...
In this article the two main components of population growth are studies, namely natural growth(the balance between births and deaths), and the net migration (the balance between immigration and emigration) in the countries and sub regions of Europe. In 6 series of graphs, corresponding to the sub-regions of Europe, these two components of population growth are displayed during the period 1960-2005. The conclusions drawn from the analysis are: There is a general trend of decreasing natural growth, a tendency of approaching zero population growth. 1.This tendency is therefore more smooth in Western Europe, while in the former socialist countries the trends are interrupted by certain irregularities, provoked by external (to the demographic system) factors: the state policy stimulating fertility in the end of the 1960-ies, the economic crisis of the beginning of the 1990-ies, etc.2.During the last years, after 1990, the main demographic factor in Europe is international migration. For Eastern Europe and for most of the former socialist countries this factor is negative, though not always registered and displayed by the statistics.
More...
Since 1997, in anticipation of Poland's planned entry into the EU, the European Commission has assessed candidate countries' progress with regard to their adopting the acquis communautaire. In November 1998, the European Commission was already pointing out that significant further efforts are also required in the field ofvocational training. An examination of the development tendencies in the field of vocational training during the last few years allows the provocative conclusion thatthe Polish "further efforts" consisted of systematically lowering the share of vocational training in the education sector.The consequence of this marginalization of vocational education, and in particular basic vocational education, will be demonstrated via a comparison between the structure of labour demand and the corresponding supply.
More...
Göç Dergisi has completed the first three issues and we are very proud of presenting the new issue to our readers. Almost everywhere around the world, there is an increasing human mobility which encourages and increases the interest and number of studies in academia on the subject matter. However, for a long while, the conflict which made Syria uninhabitable drives the people out of their homes. In this process, we are witnessing some Syrians who hope for better living conditions willing to move to other countries face tragic ends in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern or European countries.
More...
In this article, diaspora theory and it's two main current is introduce and that one of them 'modern approach' is analysed. Modern approach is formed over the gains new meaning in an interactive manner with the facts globalization and transnationalism and emphasis to some factors such as interculturalism, dialogical sociality, individualism. So, the diaspora for the modern approach is a matter of democratization in the liberal system. Therefore this study focusing on diaspora by questioning of what and how of it self, discuss the basic parameters that form it and try to explain the main theme of modern approach in comparison with the classical approach. The diaspora studies as a seperate discipline from migration is on the agenda in the world since 1980's but in Turkey expect for some very compenent researchers and academics it did not aroused the interest required. In this sense, it is considered as a subject within the scope of the current migration and is doomed to be evaluated under a different disciplinary paradigms in Turkey. The study aims to give an explaination for theoretical contex considered to be missing in Turkey, and revealed how modern approach importent and functional in the terms of Turkey origined studies.
More...
In this article, migration in Orhan Pamuk’s novel ‘Kafamda Bir Tuhaflık’ will be discussed in migration aspects and phycology of migrants. Because of migration means a changement of place at the same time, its effects to the characters will be discussed, too. In this novel, Pamuk used a character, Mevlut Karataş and people around him who has migrated İstanbul from a village for describing their lifes in İstanbul as an immigrant. Beside this he also showed some changes in social and political life of Turkey by means of migration. Pamuk described migration as a way of getting wealthier life and its negativeness, especially cultural and psychological areas. In this article it will also discussed that their expectation from İstanbul and the results. In this novel the gap which is between rural and urban life is been detected writer.
More...
Saniye Dedeoğlu (2014). Migrants, Work and Social Integration, Women’s Labour in Turkish Ethnic Economy (Göçmenler, Çalışma ve Sosyal Entegrasyon, Türkiyelilerin Etnik Ekonomisinde Kadın Emeği). Migration, Diasporas and Citizenship Series, Palgrave-Macmillan, ISBN: 9781137371119, 1. Baskı, 202 Sayfa.
More...
B. Dilara Şeker, İbrahim Sirkeci, M. Murat Yüceşahin (der.) (2015). Göç ve Uyum, Turkish Migration Series, London, UK: Transnational Press London (ISBN: 978-191078108-1 ) 1. Baskı, 202 Sayfa.
More...
Following the end of the Cold War, global developments with their transnational effects have induced security scholars, policy makers and politicians to move beyond state-centric and military-focused conceptualization of security. In this transformation, discourses linking development to security have gained momentum. To put it differently, “liberal” states of the West have constructed a biopolitical distinction between “developed” and “underdeveloped” populations and administered the latter as a security threat to the former. Such framings and the nexus between security and development have had important repercussions for the mobility of people. The rich, skilled labours, tourists from “developed” West have come to enjoy the right to free movement without much of interruption. On the other hand, the “surplus” population, including asylum seekers, refugees, poor, unskilled and “irregular” migrants have been exposed to intense technological/bureaucratic control and surveillance practices. One of them is the introduction of Frontex for policing the European Union (EU)’s external borders against this “unwanted”/”surplus” population in conformity with new discourses linking development to security. This militarized body equipped with war-like devices has turned into a technology of containment related to the so-called threats stemming from “surplus” population. On the basis of these transformations, this paper aims to problematize and unpack these issues through building upon Foucauldian approaches on biopolitics as a technology of government. In particular, the paper, first, deconstructs the nexus between development and security in the EU’s migration regime. This analysis is made more tangible by looking into the activities of Frontex on the Turkish-Greek border. Finally, this paper draws the attention to the human rights implications of this security architecture and resultant practices.
More...
Bahar Başer (2013) Diasporada Türk-Kürt Sorunu. Almanya ve İsveç’te İkinci Kuşak Göçmenler. İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları (ISBN: 9789750513633), 1. Baskı, 422 sayfa.
More...
Demografska struktura u Bosni i Hercegovini znatno se razlikuje u odnosu na strukturu prije 20 ili 30 godina. Rezultat je to kako ratnih i poratnih događanja na njenom teritoriju, ali i poslijeratnih emigracija između entiteta, županija i naravno odseljavanja ili vanjskih migracija. Razvoj broja stanovnika rezultat je četiri glavna čimbenika: natalitet, mortalitet kao prirodno kretanje, čiji je rezultat prirodni priraštaj i druga dva čimbenika koji se tiču mehaničkog kretanja stanovništva, a to su imigracije i emigracije, čiji odnos daje pozitivan ili negativan migracijski saldo. Bosna i Hercegovina je bila uvijek emigracijsko područje. Samo visoki prirodni priraštaj uspio je donekle pokrpati velike odlaske iz nje. Danas svjedočimo činjenici kako velikog broja rađanja više nema, useljavanja također, a rezultat je to da BiH ima smanjenje broja stanovnika u gotovo svim administrativnim jedinicama. Iznimka su velika gradska središta kao Sarajevo i Banjaluka. Prvi pokušaji izrade analiza broja i prirodnog priraštaja kao i migracija hrvatskog puka u Federaciji BiH, činjenice su još poraznije. I prirodno i mehaničko kretanje Hrvata u Federaciji BiH, a razumljivo i u BiH, negativno je. Za ovu se prigodu analizira kretanje broja stanovnika u BiH, koja u cijelosti pokazuje negativne trendove u kretanju stanovništva, a u čemu Hrvati BiH prednjače. Federacija BiH od 1991. ima smanjenje ukupnog broja stanovnika, sve ubrzaniju prirodnu depopulaciju i gotovo progresivno demografsko starenje, tj. porast broja i udjela stanovnika starijih od 65 godina, a Hrvati u njoj su u najnezavidnijoj poziciji.
More...
In the last decades, after the Cold War and the fall of the Berlin wall, the strengthening of overall population mobility is evident on local, regional, national and global scale. In addition, there are changes in the scope and direction of migration, their structural characteristics and increasing in the number of determining factors and consequences, which affects the complexity of this phenomenon. It is important to point out the emergence of new forms of migration as a result of intensifying pace of globalization, which is an integral part of the migration. The total number of migrants in the world (internal and external) in the first decade of the XXI century reached the highest value in history and is around one billion, with small, but continuous increase in share of total population. This means that one in every seven person in the world has changed place of residence, either within their own country (about 700 million of internal migrants) or moved to another country (244 million international migrants). Therefore some authors points out that all of us are becoming migrants. Also, the number of irregular migrants recently has reached its highest amount, which implies an intensification of government actions to regulate migration through the creation of effective policies, spatial mobility and intensification of bilateral, regional and international negotiations in this domain. Estimates show that the number of migrants will continue to grow, especially the number of climate migrants, persons who left their homes due to changes in the environment. That is why it is of crucial importance in a first place to understand migrations properly and then to create the steps towards the best solutions in solving the problems caused by population movement in space and create proper migration policies.
More...
Immigration in Europe has been shaped by: a) its particular development in time; b) the geographical patterns of migration within and towards European countries; and c) the shifting types of migration and characteristics of migrants involved. The first part of this contribution outlines changes in these three basic migration-related factors. Migration outcomes are not haphazard nor are these the result of unhindered economic push and pull factors in a free market. Immigration policies of receiving countries do greatly influence the volume and patterns of migration, the place of settlement and the characteristics of migrants. Regulations on conditions of residence and integration do furthermore influence significantly the position of immigrants in their new destination, among others by setting conditions for their stay (residence rights) and access to the labour market. The second part of this chapter outlines the migration and integration regimes that have been developed by states of different parts of Europe and by the European Union. In conclusion, immigration has become a relevant phenomenon in all EU countries. However, as a consequence of different timing of immigration, different socio-economic contexts and varying governmental migration and integration policies, European countries are confronted with different forms migration (immigration, emigration, transit migration) and with different types of migrants. European states have also developed different governmental policies of migration and integration. Historically, a common denominator in the framing of European policies is that countries do not see themselves as immigration countries; they are immigration countries against their will. In recent times, such framing is reinforced by populist and nationalist movements that see immigrants not only as economic competitors, but also as a threat to the national "culture and world views". The more Europe needs immigrants for economic and demographic reasons, the less they are welcomed for cultural and political reasons.
More...
Europe is facing a new era of migration. During the last decades, the European migration system underwent several shifts due to different reasons. A basic observation is that general changes, on the political map for example, do not necessarily have the same consequences in European regions, even in seemingly similar contexts. The major changes started in 1990 accelerated with the enlargement of the European Union in 2004 and found its continuation by crisis-driven migration from south European countries into Western European labour markets after 2008. All of these "migration waves" have been topped by a massive inflow of refugees in 2015 creating new migratory map of Europe. Thus, important stages of contemporary and present European migration history are interpreted as indicators for a surplus in diversity, flexibility and spontaneity and will serve for formulating the hypothesis of Elusive Migration Systems as an analytical framework and a kind of hypothesis to study new features of migrants’ trajectories, which became more and more variable. Being grounded may be the wish of the majority of Europeans and, in effect, the global population, but being on the move, voluntarily or forced, is reality for a certain number of migrants inside and heading towards Europe.
More...
The creation of the Schengen area has modified the political geography of migration with important implications from a variety of perspectives, all of which affect the migration management policies of EU member States as well as those of third countries. On the one hand, the Schengen area established the first supranational border in the history of Europe; on the other hand, it obliged a small group of countries (those bordering non-EU States) to monitor the new border, manage refugee flows and repatriate illegal migrants from third countries, despite often being unprepared to tackle the migration phenomenon. The policies implemented in both the Mediterranean and continental countries have revealed a lack of long-term vision in dealing with several migration related issues. Currently, the absence of a single EU migration policy, the egocentric approach of some non-Mediterranean European countries and the re-emergence of border walls characterize the context. Nevertheless, migration flows and terrorism in Europe represent significant opportunities to strengthen the common European area, rather than weakening it. Moreover, evidence suggests that such global phenomena are better addressed at a supranational level rather than on a national basis.
More...
This article analyzes the existing contribution of the Serbian diaspora to the development at home country, and features of its major effects as a partner in the process of economic development. No doubt, the spiritus movens of the contemporary and future economic and social progress is and will be the economy of ideas and creativity. The key factors of this new economy are education, research and innovation. To achieve competitiveness in an increasingly global economic environment it is necessary: the adequate supply and quality of the workforce in the field of research and development. In the last two and a half decades, Serbia's brain drain was quite massive. Thus in the Serbian diaspora there are reputable scientists and successful managers in all fields. Diaspora, the people link between countries, can be the source of cooperation. Consequently, the most important is the question of whether and under what conditions Serbia’s brain drain can be reversed to brain gain. The author argue that the diasporas and migrants could play a crucial role in the development of home country, by presentation of their different experiences. Engaging the Diaspora in the development of home country largely depends on the home country. Talents remain an important component of countries’ and businesses’ long-term competitiveness. In support of this thesis, the author presents the most significant and most successful examples of good practice, arguing that this experience can be used in Serbia, of course, taking into account some of its specificities. The question: how they develop, retain and attract talent should therefore remain high on the agenda of policymakers and business leaders for the foreseeable future of Serbia.
More...
Serbia is a country with a long tradition of emigration, specific economic and political emigration context, a large number of its citizens abroad, as well as their very heterogeneous geographic distribution and differentiated structures. The main objective of the paper is to show that between the region of origin in Serbia and certain destination countries there are ties, on the basis of which migrant networks originate and spread. Over time, networks towards some countries lose their importance or are diverted to other directions. Through incorporating a regional approach, the analysis includes the results of the last five population censuses conducted between 1971 and 2011. It is based on data on the number, share of emigrants from Serbia, with regard to the length of stay abroad, educational structure, as well as the most represented receiving countries from the regional aspects (municipalities and the intense emigration zones in Serbia). Furthermore, attention is paid to the possibilities and the main problems of statistical monitoring of international migration. Such an approach has both the research and the wider social significance, particularly because most of the population abroad covered by the census maintain ties with Serbia, often visit their hometowns and present an important resource for the socioeconomic development of the country.
More...
Some of us learn more from numbers and some of us learn more from life stories of people which are deeply hidden in statistical data (Putnam 2015). The national statistics show that since the EU enlargement in May 2004 more than 2.3 million Poles went abroad. The histories of local communities, families and individuals are hidden in these quantitative data. The aim of this article is in-depth analysis of collective and individual outcomes of social remittances- all non-material acquisitions which migrants transfer from abroad to places where they departed from. The article is based on the methodology of transnational multisited qualitative longitudinal study which was repeated in three waves in selected localities in Podlasie, Silesia and Lower Silesia. The transnational optic of this study was realized in the simultaneous interviews conducted with selected representatives of these spotted local communities both at destination in the UK and at their origins in Poland.
More...