Author(s): Silvana Marić Tokić / Language(s): Croatian
Issue: 1/2017
The global age has brought numerous changes, some of which are positive (employment opportunity, higher chances for education, specializations, multiculturalism, better living conditions in some parts of the world, meeting different culture, etc.) and some are negative (ecological problems, world crises, bigger economic disparity, migrations of large populations, etc.). The migration movements have existed throughout the history of mankind, since the first cavemen until the contemporary modern/information age. With the rise of the society of knowledge, an information society, the supply and demand of information and knowledge is getter constantly bigger. Knowledge and information are sold on the world market, attaining high value and bringing supremacy in certain aspects of living. The possession of knowledge has never been a privilege of the rich and powerful countries and groups, knowledge as a category can be found in all societies. With a society which builds its development on the possession and usage of knowledge, there is an ever-growing need to attract highly educated, expert individuals, scientists, researchers, individuals who possess advanced knowledge. As emphasized earlier, knowledge is not a privilege of rich societies, but such societies attract individuals and projects with their capabilities. It could be said that knowledge “flows” into countries that give higher economic safety and advancement possibilities. The flight of human capital represents the departure of highly qualified workforce to another community, which becomes disastrous for the home community. The loss of educated workforce leads to retrogression of certain societies and groups or, in the long run, to decay of a society or a group. When supremacy on the world stage is measured by knowledge and information, the race for educated and capable individuals is becoming an everlasting battle during which the countries that cannot hold on to their highly educated workforce loose the most. Bosnia and Herzegovina is one of the many countries that cannot accomplish neither economical nor political development as other world countries and the loss of highly educated workforce represents even a greater setback in advancement and growth. That represents an irretrievable loss in many segments that are important for maintaining a society, whether it is healthcare, culture, security or something else. This threat is not so boldly expressed at the moment, it will be expressed when those individuals are needed to give their contribution to perform social tasks with their knowledge and expertise. When that time comes and they are not around, there will be a “void” in knowledge. Through this paper we will show which factors contribute to the fact that young people who attend one of the state Universities in B&H decide on the leave or stay of future scientists, researchers, students. One of the many questions which the students gave their answers to is: What would keep the students in B&H, i.e. what are the key factors that would keep them in B&H? Of no less importance is the question of what the factors are which would make them leave B&H. This question will give a key answer that the youth do not require large sums of money or jobs with special earnings and conditions, but only the possibility of employment, regular salary and a decent attitude of employers.
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