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4.50 €

Cengiz Dağcı’nın Romanlarında Sürgün Teması

Author(s): Hülya Bayrak Akyildiz / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

1919’da Kırım’ın Yalta şehrinin Gurzuf köyünde doğan Cengiz Dağcı, ömrünü Kırım Tatarlarının uğradıkları sürgün ve haksızlıkları anlatmaya, onların unutturulmaya çalışılan tarihlerini yazmaya adadı. Eserlerinde sıkça sürgün, yurt hasreti, kimliksizleştirme temalarını ele aldı. Toprağı kimliğin temeline yerleştiren Dağcı, halkının Kırım topraklarından çıkarılmasını bütün insani ve trajik yanlarıyla anlattı. O Topraklar Bizimdi, Dağcı için yalnızca bir roman adı değildi, o, göç ve istihkam politikalarıyla demografisi değiştirilen Kırım’ın gerçekte kime ait olduğunu tarihe not düşmek istemişti.

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Âşıklarda Göç Olgusu ve Âşık Reyhanî'nin Göç Serüveni

Author(s): Meltem Şimşek Öksüz / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Bu çalışmada öncelikle “Göç Olgusu ve Âşıklık Geleneğinde Göç” konusu üzerinde durulmuştur. Sonrasında bir âşığın hangi sebeplerle göç edebileceği maddeler hâlinde sıralanarak bu maddelerin her birine âşık biyografilerinden yararlanılarak çeşitli örnekler gösterilmiştir. Bu örnekler daha kapsamlı bir çalışmada çoğaltılma olanağına sahiptirler.

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İçsel Göç: Lena Leyla ve Diğerleri

Author(s): Sevim Akten / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Dış göç, iç göç, beyin göçü, nitelikli göç, zorunlu göç, eğitsel göç, kırsaldan kente göç; nedeni ne olursa olsun bir gereksinim sonucu yer değiştirerek bireysel ve toplumsal değişime uğrayan kişinin yaşadığı sorunların adıdır göç. Soruna sosyolojik, ekonomik ya da tarihsel boyutuyla bakmak gibi yalnızca psikolojik yansımalarıyla da bu olguyu değerlendirmek yetmez. Bu bir yaşam deneyimidir. Her göçün bir nedeni, her göçmenin kendine özgü bir öyküsü vardır. Sosyologlar açısından en kısa tanımıyla ekonomik ve kültürel hareketlilik, psikologlar tarafından dönüşüm, ötekileşme, kimlik değişimi, yabancılaşma hatta kimliksizleşme gibi pek çok nitelendirmelerle irdelenen göç olgusu yazarların da ilgi odağındadır. Göç öyküsüne ve kimlik sorununa kurmaca bir pencereden bakan yazar, özellikle ruhsal çözümlemeleri yaparken ister istemez gerçek verilerden yararlanır. Örneğin Zehra İpşiroğlu toplumsal cinsiyet araştırmaları kapsamında farklı kesimlerde yaşayan kadınlarla şiddet üzerine yaptığı röportajlardan birinin öyküsünü Lena, Leyla ve Diğerleri adlı tiyatro oyununa taşır. Bu öyküde yalnızca bir kadının göç serüvenini değil eril bir toplumun kadına bakışı ve davranışı karşısında hırpalanan kadın ruhunu ve kadınlık durumunu gözler önüne serer.

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Göçmenlik ve Yerinde Yaşlan (ama) ma

Author(s): Sevim Atilla Demir / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Sanayileşme sonrası yaşanan gelişmeler ile birlikte ölüm ve doğum oranlarının düşmesi başta batılı gelişmiş ülkeler olmak üzere dünya çapında yaşlı nüfus oranının artmasına yol açmıştır. Bu nüfus değişimleri yaşlanma olgusunu bir kat daha önemli hale getirmiştir. 2015 yılı verilerine göre her 8 kişiden 1’si 60 yaş ve üzerindedir. 2030 yılında ise her 6 kişiden birinin 60 yaş ve üzerinde olacağı tahmin edilmektedir. 2000 yılında dünyada 80 yaş ve üzeri 71 milyon kişi bulunmakta iken bu sayı 2015 yılında 125 milyona çıkmıştır. 2050 yılında bu oranın 434 milyon olacağı öngörülmektedir (United Nations Report 2015). Türkiye’deki duruma bakıldığında, 1965 yılı yaşlı nüfus oranı %4 iken yaşlı nüfusun toplam nüfus içindeki oranı 2014 yılında %8 ve 2015 yılında %8,2 olmuştur (TUIK, 2016). Yaşlanan nüfus içinde yaş ilerledikçe yaşlanma hızı daha da artmaktadır. Dünya genelinde, 2011 yılından 2100 yılına kadar yaşlı nüfus (60+) 3 kat artarken, 80 yaş üzeri nüfusun 5 kat artması beklenmektedir. Yani dünya genelinde önümüzdeki 90 yılda ileri yaşlı (80+) sayısı, genç yaşlılara (60+) göre daha fazla artış gösterecektir. Bu süre zarfında, ileri yaşlı nüfusun Kanada’da 3 kat, Almanya’da 2 kat, İtalya’da 2 kat, Rusya federasyonunda 3 kat, İngiltere’de 3 kat ve ABD’de 3 kat artması beklenmektedir. Türkiye’de 80 yaş üstü nüfusun artış hızı da oldukça dikkat çekicidir. 2011 yılında binde 9 olan 80 yaş üstü nüfus, 2050 yılında 4 kat ve 2100 yılına gelindiğinde tam olarak 10 kat artış gösterecektir (United Nations Report 2015- Arun, 2014, s. 4).

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Bilimin Mucizevi Göçü -Kanadı Kırık Kuşlar - Ayşe Kulin

Author(s): Tanju İnal / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Kanadı Kırık Kuşlar romanında ailelesiyle genç Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne sığınan, Yahudi kökenli bir bilim insanının öyküsünü kurgulayan Ayşe Kulin’in odak noktasında çarpıcı ve anlamlı iki tarih bulunuyor. İlki 1930: Almanya’da Hitler’in iktidara gelmesiyle, soyağacında Yahudi kökenli olduğu yazan kişilere uygulanan türlü zulüm, baskı ve kötülüklerin başlangıcı. İkincisi 1933: Atatürk Türkiye’sinin Üniversite Reformu. İstanbul Üniversitesi’nin kurulmasıyla başlatılan, “rönesans hareketi” ve ülkelerinde “persona non grata” ilan edilen Yahudi kökenli bilim insanlarına Türk Üniversite kapılarının açılması.

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Yalnızlık Dolambacında Issız Bir Göçmen İncegül Bayram

Author(s): Tuğrul İnal / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Adalet Ağaoğlu Fikrimin İnce Gülü başlıklı romanında toplumbilim ve insanbilim sorunlarıyla göç sorununa düşünsel bir düzlemde bireyselden evrensele evrilen bir çizgide olağanüstü duyarlılıkla odaklanıyor. Ekonomik, toplumsal ve kültürel yapılarıyla insani ilişkilerin ve insan psikolojisinin diyalektik olarak değiştiğini, bunun sonucunda da gelişmiş ülkelerin insanlarıyla ve sahip olmuş oldukları olanaklarıyla, geri kalmış ülkelerin yoksul insanları arasında ne denli büyük boyutlu çelişkiler ve çatışmalar oluştuğunu, ortaya çıkan çelişkiler yumağının insan ruhunda ve bilinçaltında türlü kompleksler gibi sonuçları son derece ağır, dahası traji-komik duygular ve durumlar uyandırdığını altı diziden oluşan bir film boyutunda sahneliyor.

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Ebedi Göçer: Medea

Author(s): Özlem Agvan,Yıldız Aydın / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Bireyin en temel fizyolojik ihtiyaçlarından sonra ruh sağlığı için vazgeçilmezlerden biri aidiyet hissidir. İnsan sosyal bir varlıktır ve belli bir çevreye ait olduğunu hissetmek ister; bir aileye, bir dine, bir kültüre ya da arkadaşlarına. Göçmenin aidiyet hissi sabit değildir, sallanma halindedir, bu bir arada kalıştır. İçinde var olduğu düzeni terk edip, bilmediğine alışmak durumunda kalır göçmen. Göçlerin, sürgünlerin ve sığınmaların ortak noktası ayrılmadır. Maddi ya da toplumsal yaşam koşullarını iyileştirebilmek adına evinden ayrılıp başka bir ülkeye veya bölgeye yerleşen kişi dilimizde göçmen olarak adlandırılır.

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İşgal Yıllarında İstanbul’dan Ankara’ya Aydın Göçü

Author(s): Yaşar Şenler / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Şahısların hayatında olduğu gibi milletlerin hayatında da iniş çıkışlar, güç ve zor günler ve bunun tam karşısında mutlu ve sevinçli günler vardır. Tarih bunun sayısız örnekleriyle doludur.

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Football player migration in Greece: Wage differences and crowding-out effects

Author(s): Panagiotis Dimitropoulos / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Athlete migration has been on the forefront of academic research for more than twenty years since the migration flows of footballers has increased significantly in Europe. Greece is among the top receiving countries of migrant football players in Europe despite the fact that the Greek championship is not highly competitive as other European leagues. The scope of this paper is to provide some initial evidence regarding the flow of foreign football players in the Greek league. The study analyzed a database of all migrant and local athletes that participated in the professional Greek football championship over the period 2001-2013 and performed descriptive analyses. Descriptive evidence suggests that football player migration has increased significantly from 2001 until 2013 yet the relative numbers of foreign athletes are lower than their natives’ counterparts. However, foreign athletes are utilized more by their coaches since they have more actual minutes of participation on clubs’ official matches and earn higher income than the native football players. These findings provide support to several voices echoing on the crowding out effect of native athletes by migrants.

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Mobile Application for Asylum Seekers

Author(s): Christos Michalakelis,Styliani Liberopoulou,Antonios Makris,Eleni Petraki,Xronis Dimitropoulos,Konstantinos Tserpes / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Greek Asylum Service has been operational for four years, in an environment characterized by rapid developments. The movement of refugees and migrants to Europe, was probably the defining development for our continent in the last two years. In 2015, the great unforeseen refugee influx led to the expansion of the Asylum Service. Our country is legally and morally obliged to inform and offer protection to refugees, irrespective of their numbers and whether they have entered Greece in a regular or irregular fashion. Towards this direction, the Asylum Service, together with the Harokopio University of Athens worked for a jointly funded action of the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF) 2014- 2020. The purpose of this action is the design, development and maintenance of a mobile application and the target group would be the asylum seekers who move or are transferred from the country's external borders, and especially the individuals with a refugee profile.

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Intergenerational Voices on Identity in Migration: Greek Islanders Speak

Author(s): Melissa Afentoulis / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Limnos, like many parts of Greece, experienced successive and long periods of foreign domination, traumas of war and economic devastation. During the decades of 1950’s - 1970’s, compounded by social and economic instability, many Limnian islanders arrived as young immigrants to Australia looking to build a ‘normal’ life. In this paper, through oral history case studies, I examine how the first and subsequent generations of migrants engage with concepts of home and belonging and the role of ethno-regionalism in the reconstruction and redefinition of identity in the diaspora. Ethno-regional identity, of interest in this research, remains both durable and significant as it reforms on foreign soil though it has received comparatively little academic attention. Identity formation and reformation and the role of ‘return’ visits to the ancestral home emerge as transnational patterns that lead to a rediscovered identity shaping the next generation. This ‘history from below’ is not only about the potential loss of Australian migration historiography, but also the legacy of the oral narrative that links the past with the lives and memories of the present and future descendants galvanising this community’s continuity.

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Refuge for the Rohingya in Southeast Asia?

Author(s): Jera Lego / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The plight of the Rohingya has increasingly come under the international spotlight since 2015 when hundreds of them were stranded for days on boats in the Andaman Sea and denied entry by neighboring countries. The “crisis” had eventually come to an end when fishermen from the island of Aceh in Indonesia rescued many of them, and nearby Southeast Asian countries - Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia, through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-eventually agreed to provide temporary shelter and aid. As a result, some observers argue that significant policy change is forthcoming. This paper (i) evaluates Southeast Asian responses to the plight of the Rohingya, particularly during the “boat people crisis,” (ii) assesses the prospects for refuge and protection of the Rohingya in the region, such as whether policyfocused change has been happening, and (iii) outlines the nature of refuge that the Rohingya are likely to receive in the region. The paper concludes that significant change is unlikely, and that the possibilities for protection and assistance remain limited.

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Immigration Theme in Elif Shafak's Novels

Author(s): Reyhana Jafarova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Immigration factor played a certain role in the formation of the world public social idea. At all times, societies had to leave places they lived for other places. Immigration can be designated as people's leaving their places for other areas or countries, temporarily or permanently on social, political and economic reasons. Therefore, immigration influenced social factors such as policy, economy, geography and culture. This manifested itself particularly, in the literature which is an integral part of the culture. Immigration literature is a distinct example of this effect. Contemporary American immigration literature is the result of people's mass flow to the United States of America. This literature is comprised by the works of immigrant writers representing different ethnic groups. The purpose of this paper is to examine immigration theme based on the novels by Elif Shafak. She is one of the authors who played a great role in the formation and development of Turkish American literature, which is a comparatively young branch of American immigration literature. The cases in her novels are based on different nationalities, cultures and countries. Belonging to a certain nation is of less importance in her novels. She tries to reveal her heroes' identity from multicultural perspective.

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Brain Migration: Factors and Models

Author(s): Magdaléna Přívarová,Maria Pitukhina,Andrej Přívara,O. Tolstoguzo / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

State development in terms of innovative economy is of a great challenge. At the same time, innovative economy development is possible only with both human resources development and human capital quality upgrading. It is important both to develop and improve human capital assets in order to achieve necessary results. Not only human capital assets advancing relate to skills enhancing, but also brain migration policy regulating, scientific schools’ development as well as state policies aimed at market participants’ discrimination elimination. There are listed a number of factors affecting brain migration and innovative development which are closely interconnected. As a result, a gravity model of contemporary brain migration is developed.

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Support or Obstacle? Effects of Immigrants on Domestic Labor Force in Turkey

Author(s): Atakan Durmaz,Özge Korkmaz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The phenomenon of migration, as old as human history, is one of the most interested subjects of countries in the 21st century, especially in the last 10 years. Undoubtedly, one of the important reasons for this is the fact that migration has significant influences on from economic to social life almost every subject in terms of both emigrating countries and receiving countries. The fact that economic factors and security problems are the main causes of migration movements also laid the groundwork for the work done in the field of economy to concentrate on this subject. At this point, there are also studies of the impact of receiving countries on labor market, although the impact of migrant movements on emigrating countries’ economy is largely a matter of focus. However, there is no consensus on the work done in this regard. As a matter of fact, some studies have found that immigrants have a negative effect on the labor market because they are willing to work at lower wages, while in some studies they have found that immigrants have a positive influence on the labor market by increasing labor supply in areas where the local labor does not want to work. At this point, Turkey has taken its place in studies in the literature as a country that both emigrating (especially from the early 1960s to the 1990s) and receiving country (especially in the last 10 years because of events happening in neighboring countries). Although the vast majorities are refugee status, a growing number of immigrants are involved in the labor market and this affects the position of the local labor force on the labor market. From this point of view, the effect of immigrants on the labor force participation rate of the local labor force has been examined by means of regression analysis, using immigrant data from 26 provinces in Turkey between 2011 and 2015. According to the study results; Migrants allowed to work in Turkey have a positive effect on the participation rate even if just a bit. From a gender perspective, it has been found that immigrants have positive effects on women's labor force participation rates. But, there has been no significant impact on the male labor force participation rate of migrants. In the study, there has been also found that the increase in the level of education of men has a positive effect on the labor force participation rate, while in women, it has been found to be a negative effect of the higher education graduation although the primary and high school graduation has a positive effect on the labor force participation rates.

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Diaspora Bonds as a New Foreign Capital Tools: A Research on the Countries Applying and Potential of the Turkish Diaspora

Author(s): Atakan Durmaz,Adem Kalça / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Developing countries that want to sustain their economic development and close the economic gap between developed countries need foreign capital, especially because of insufficient domestic savings. In this context, there are many ways in which countries resort to attracting foreign capital. However, since the early 1990s, some countries have seen diaspora as a source of foreign capital they need and have developed methods for this source. One of these methods is the diaspora bond, which emerges as a new generation financial borrowing instrument and which has different advantages in terms of both the issuing country and the buyer compared to other financial instruments and is generally presented only to diaspora members. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to present the effectiveness of these diaspora bonds used as a new generation borrowing instrument and to provide an alternative source of foreign capital that Turkey needs in line with its economic objectives. It is also to raise awareness of this issue.

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Stakeholder's Concerns into the Federal Registration and Procedure Centres in Switzerland

Author(s): Marwan Alkhouli,Rémi Baudoui / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper aims to explore the administrative and accommodation process of asylum seekers in Registration and Procedure Centres (CEP) of Swiss Confederation, which are managed by the State Secretary for Migrations (SEM). It is the result of an unprecedented survey we have conducted in two federal Centres. By interviewing the three main field actors, we highlight the interactions between SEM administrative staff, management and accommodation employees and asylum seekers who are received in the CEPs for a temporary period at the beginning of the asylum procedure. We will be confronted with the hypothesis that despite the integrated reception process in these centres, the implementation of the Sectoral Asylum Plan and the acceleration of asylum procedures, as well as the varied concerns and priorities of the main actors impact the development of future federal centres (CFA) and cannot satisfy all the requirements of asylum process stakeholders.

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The Immigrant-Native Wage Gap in Malaysia: The Preliminary Results

Author(s): Borhan Sareya Abdullah,Alexandros Zangelidis,Ioannis Theodossiou / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on the wage gap between native and immigrant workers in Malaysian labour market. This paper uses the Productivity and Investment Climate Survey (PICS) 2 for 2007 to explore the components of the immigrant-native wage gap. The Oaxaca decomposition analysis and quantile regression decomposition were applied in this study. By exploiting the PICS data, the result of this study shows that the immigrant has a lower human capital return on earnings compared to native. Another significant finding is that the wage gap between native and immigrant is mostly explained by the difference in the characteristics of the workers, while, the remaining were explained by the discriminatory effects.

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"The Application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process Model in the Process of Conflict Management"

Author(s): Nena Nenovska Gjorgjievska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The incitement and the occurrence of the conflicts, their escalation, ceasefire and de-escalation are processes which are continually appearing, lasting and resolving. Consequently, the conflicts usually pull migratory flows. Migration is an issue which nowadays is very present, and it needs to be resolved. The migration usually starts where conflicts arise. Having that in mind, the main concept in the paper is focused on the conflicts and the emergence of the migration flows. It also gives a suggestion how the conflicts can be resolved in the Middle East countries. The purpose of this research is to find out real reasons for appearance of migrations and most rational solutions for their solving. For doing that the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is applied. A short overview will be given of the main elements of the AHP method and how it is applied in the conflict resolution. AHP method is enforceable and leads to concrete recommendations for further conflict resolution. The results of the research will show that resolving the conflicts may contribute in suppression of the migration and it can also protect countries for further armed conflicts and unwanted migration flows.

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Deciding to Stay: Bissau-Guinean Labour Migrants in Cabo Verde, West Africa

Author(s): Kezia Lartey,Brandon D. Lundy / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Cabo Verde, once serving as a migration transit country into Europe and the Unites States, is becoming a final destination for some West African labour migrants, especially those from Cabo Verde’s sister republic, Guinea-Bissau. Many enter Cabo Verde under the Economic Community of West African States’ open borders agreement, eventually overstaying. The aim of this research was to discover why and how Cabo Verde is becoming a choke point for irregular labour migrants from Guinea-Bissau, and the effects these changes are having on immigrant/host community relations. As an illustrative case study on the effects of increased structural barriers to mobility from underdeveloped to developed countries, this study asks, how do marooned Bissau-Guineans integrate into host communities in Cabo Verde, especially when tensions rise alongside migrant populations and resource pressures? What is convincing them to stay? This study is based off of data collected from structured and semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions in twelve communities on two islands. We found that a majority of immigrants had stable, full time work, began families, and joined community organizations. Additionally, what friction was observed stemmed from displaced and disenfranchised domestic youth mainly from the capital city of Praia competing over employment with more highly skilled or experienced migrants. We also found that conflict seems to have lessened with the adoption of the 2012 National Immigration Strategy, the first of its kind in Cabo Verde, although we also argue that more can still be done to improve integration and community relations. This study has implications for realizing successful economic and community integration of irregular labour migrants, especially at choke points in the developing world resulting from structural changes intensifying the role of host in buffer countries within the Global South.

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