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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has so far been the best way to diagnose disc herniation, the high resolution of images taken on various vertebral tissues allowing the observation, in different planes, of situations such as: the displacement of dural sac and nerve roots, the disc hydration status, which are important data forthe diagnosis and prognosis of disc disease.Manual therapies mainly aim at restoring the lost joint mobility, but also the balance of muscular, skeletal and cranial systems. To this purpose, manipulationtechniques are used for decompression ofthe nerve root affected by disc herniation, spinal hypomobilityandnormalisation ofthe muscles that are peripheral to the lesion. From the arsenal of therapeutic techniques used in disc herniation, joint manipulationis a physiotherapeutic technique recommended with some reluctance by specialist physicians, often due to the auraof mysticism surrounding itand the risk of adverse reactions during its application by therapists with little experience in this area.We believe that, by using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), we can have an efficient instrument to monitor theprogression of herniated disc, which provideswell-objectified individual profiles.
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In this study, we will underline the phenomenon of school fatigue which has arisen in students from technical colleges. We interviewed 108 students from a technical college in Bacau and 91 students from Suceava. The young people completed a questionnaire with questions about the frequency of fatigue, passive resting and leisure (television and computer use). Fatigue is often present (34.17%), especially in students from Suceava, which suggests that there is a reduced sleep time per night (less than 7 hours). Most young people spend a lot of time in front of the TV screen (4-5 hours a day - 14.57%) and on the computer (4-5 hours a day - 20.10%), which exacerbates fatigue. In adolescents, current ways of spending leisure time should be carefully monitored, as there is a risk of excessive use, leading to the effects of overloading and computer addiction.
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Problem Statement: In the context of intensification of the globalization and increase of the immigration process, the issue of intercultural communication has been generated many discussions and polemics which continue today. Generally, in the academic educational system the intercultural dialog is not presented as a distingue task because the accent of educational process is put on the specialization knowledge. Our paper present several problems like as: what can we do when in the university the students are from many different countries? What we do for their social, professional and cultural integration? What we need to do for their academic preparing, their learning process. How we encourage the communication, the relationship between the students, in especially with foreign students?Purpose of Study: Our study starts from the premise that the better integration of the foreign students can be realized in the university if the intercultural competences are developed. In this ration, the professors have to prepare the activities focused on this perspective too. The paper proposes some practical educational solutions. Using the role-play like a learning method is one of them.Research Methods: Our paper is based on the observations which made during the activities with students and the results of literature of social and human sciences, also.Findings: The paper proposes some methodological aspects for develop the intercultural competences, in especially the communication competences and behavior We studied the Romanian curricula and we selected the best didactical ways to apply our observations in academic educational system.
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Balance is a function of the musculoskeletal system that is indispensable to the moor function because it ensures the stability of postures and the orientation of body movements in space. The sense of balance is complex and it allows the adjustment of the position of the head according to the body and of the position of the body according to the environment. Balance has two forms of adaptive reactions: dynamic balance and static balance. This paper aims to identify the possible disorders of the dynamic balance among the school age population, through a gender comparative study. The subjects of this research were children between the ages of 7 and 10. On the occasion of the International Day of Sport for Development and Peace, on April 6, 2017, within a project organized by the Faculty of Movement, Sports, and Health Sciences, at the "Vasile Alecsandri" University of Bacau, this team of authors has assessed the bio-motor potential in a school age population. The number of investigated subjects was 150 primary school pupils, 75 females and 75 males. The tests used to assess their dynamic balance were the Bass test and the Fukuda test. The observational experiment evaluated the initial and the final tests for the dynamic balance. The conclusions that can be drawn from this study show that there is a high number of children with disorder balance, both male and female. This can lead to significant long term implications for the harmonious psycho-motor development of their bodies.
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The current Code of Criminal Procedure brings important changes to some of the institutions of the old Code of Criminal Procedure, but it also establishes a number of new institutions that did not exist in our criminal law.Based on these considerations, we have appreciated that at this time, in view of the consolidation of the legislation in the field, it is useful to design a work that examines the competence of the preliminary chamber judge. Therefore, the ways in which the claims and exceptions relating to the legality and loyalty of the prosecution are evaluated in this stage of the trial to know who the right holders are entitled to formulate / invoke claims and exceptions will be analysed; the date until which they can be formulated; the subject of criticisms that may be brought to prosecution; the cases in which the case is returned to the prosecutor’s office or the cases in which the opening of the court is ordered.Even if the Preliminary Chamber judge does not verify the merits of the evidence or the trial, its role is as important as the role of the court, since its rulings on the lawfulness of the prosecution can have a significant reflex on the settlement of the criminal proceedings, given that the basis of any criminal proceedings is the probation.It should be noted that, in addition to proceedings in the preliminary camera stage, the Criminal Procedure Code confers on the judge of preliminary proceedings and derived competences in the matter of disposal of special confiscation, the total or partial dissolution of a document after the prosecutor has ordered a non-adjudication confirmation / refusal to reopen the criminal prosecution or to settle the complaint against the classification solutions, respectively the verification of the lawfulness and the soundness of the decision to renounce the criminal prosecution, but the legislator established its own procedural rules, the provisions of art. 342-347 C.C.P. not establishing the common law on them.
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According to the Civil Code, the right to reparation arises from causing the injury, when the right to an action is born to obtain the prejudice redress, but we have some reservations, both in terms of prescribing the right to action and terminology.Thus, we consider that the practical use of the right to reparation will be possible after the procedures provided by the law, when the claim becomes cert, liquid and eligible, provided that the court decision has the constitutive character of rights.The solution to assess the injury at the time of its occurrence is unfair to the victim because it refers to the assessment of the injury or the value of the injury can exponentially increase with the period between the moment of the injury and the moment of the decision to repair.The solution for a more effective protection of the victim would be the assessment of injuries in relation to the date of the judgment, the most frequent argument being made in the case of the personal injury with priority regarding the physical and moral integrity of the person, the Romanian Civil Code regulation being derogatory to common law.The victim’s right to claim is born at the time of the injury, but at this point is an abstract prejudice, being an imperfect right. In this respect, the French doctrine is divided, some considering the “information claim” at the time of the injury, and others claiming the thesis of the declarative nature of the decision ordering injuries.If we take into account the realities we are confronted with, we cannot see that there may be changes in the extent of the injury caused to the victim even during the trial, especially as a cause that can last for many years.We also believe that it would be appropriate to extend civil liability assumptions to the limit of insurable activities, victims being fairly protected, both by committing civil liability and by triggering the insurance contract mechanism.
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The organisational goals and objectives can only be accomplished through the joint efforts of its members. One of the must-haves that make some organisations be more productive than others consists of the quality and quantity of the efforts their employees put in, efforts which are related to motivation. In order for the people to work well, they must be strongly involved in their activities, and willing to reach certain goals, ranging from the simplest ones (such as, the wish to make money, to get back home quickly or to have more spare time), to the more complex ones, which also serve the organisation (to do important things, to find new and effective methods, to do what they like). The topic approached in this paper focuses on the description of different aspects of the motivational process in privately-owned company, for the analysis of which, an interdisciplinary approach method shall be used, combining management consultancy and organisational psychology. The data collection methods were: questionnaires and individual and group interviews. Furthermore, the described research aims at identifying both the causes leading to the drop in the employee motivation within the given organisation, and at making recommendations for improving the motivation process.
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The paper proposes to debate through a main radiography, the field of creativity applied in spatial and temporal perception of urban, landscape and architectural space. In terms of transdisciplinary field, it is possible to integrate the related sciences of a field, in another field of science or art, and make a hybrid, a border between sciences and art, between different areas of specialty, with certain creative valences in the basic field. Creativity in the urban-landscape landscape is based on the sensitive reading of space and landscape, passed through the own and different perception of urban actors (specialists in the basic and related fields, people of different ages, tourists, public administration, politicians, users, etc.) The paper starts comparing form and history on hand of traditional or modern approaches in the 20th century. This is the outgoing point to look at different typologies in architecture beyond function, and the best example of architecture beyond function are the monuments. On the other hand, the different developments in the 20th century were influenced by technology. Iron and steel in architecture introduced engineering, and Le Corbusier industrial thinking to architecture. Industry also shaped cities, as the ideal city of Chaux shows. Returning to architecture beyond function, new technology made possible the new architecture of the museum, which brings memory of other functions, for example at Centre Pompidou. And today the memorials of the traumatic events of the 20th century, man-made or environmental, can be seen as a result of these considerations of presenting the unrepresentable.
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The continued development of the organization is possible in the context of an adaptive culture in relation to environmental turbulence. Adaptation of the organization implies the existence of a key factor, namely managerial flexibility. In rigid organizational cultures, managerial flexibility cannot be supported. In the present study we analyzed whether managerial flexibility facilitates investments in relation to net profit and it was concluded that in companies with an adaptive organizational culture, managerial flexibility is the "fluid" that supports and guides the entire organizational mechanism. Thus, managerial flexibility becomes the "key driver" of the flexible organization, capable of successfully coping with environmental turbulence to achieve optimal performance.
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Poverty in Romania is a significant problem, in search of adequate efficient solutions. Many scholars point to education as perhaps the most important means to achieve the objective of poverty alleviation. The available literature reflects on the multidimensional disadvantage that poor children face in their families and communities, both in terms of availability and quality of educational services offered to them and in terms of the cumulative factors that determine the manner in which they are able to pertain to existing opportunities. Research brings to the forefront the importance of attitudes and values, as behavioural determinants that should be studied in order to understand the strategies employed in tackling poverty. In this paper we focus on the manner in which poor Romanian families conceptualise education, its effects on their quality of life, on poverty reduction and personal development, assuming that the manner in which people perceive the role of education and the quality of the educational services available to them will determine their investment in terms of time, personal effort and financial resources. Beneficiaries of social assistance for poverty alleviation (guaranteed minimum income) were surveyed in October 2016, using a nationally representative sample (600 respondents). Results show that, while the respondents acknowledge education as an important means to achieve a better life, with improved employment and social opportunities, thus adhering to mainstream values, most of them face significant difficulties in offering their children the minimum necessary conditions for learning and a decent living.
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Our study is integrated into the issues promoted by the General Theory of Education (Fundamentals of Pedagogy), with multiple openings to the General Theory of Education (General Didactics), but also to the Didactics of Computer Science. The general aim pursued is to analyze the structure of functioning of education at the level of an ideal model, which can be argued on the basis of informatics concepts: information, algorithms, programming methods, units of measure (bit and its multiples), databases and so on. The specific objectives aim at analyzing the three correlations that support the structure of education functioning, approached as a general, basic structure:1) Correlation between educator-educated, globally needed, computer-based argumentation through the use of some concepts (algorithms, formulas, techniques of computer systems, data collections, databases, graphs, networks, etc.) entity-relationship databases, hierarchical data model, network data model, etc.).2) The correlation between information-training-development, necessary at the level of any pedagogical message, which can be argued by capitalizing on: a) the algorithm notion involved in the circuit: input data -maneuver data - output data (leading to a result or sets of results); b) specific properties of the algorithm: finitude, clarity, generality.3) The correlation between the continuous external-internal evaluation, informatically sustained at external-internal feedback level in the context of a informatic system, (self)perfectionable as: a) life cycle deployed in stages (from the definition of the requirements to the maintenance of the system); b) a self-regulating function which can be decomposed into sub-functions, translated into programming languages and reprogramming; c) a model that integrates object-oriented methods, to information, to specific techniques.
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a society dominated by daily worries, stress and technology, the modern individual is trying to find solutions against the negative effects of the surrounding environment. Getting out of the comfort zone has become a constant pursuit, while the recreational dynamic activities involving are more and more sought. A special place within these activities is held by the aquatic ones which can be exercised by anyone, regardless if one knows how to swim or not. The most popular sports discipline, intended for those who know how to move through water with the help of their arms and legs, is the swimming, whose technique must be correctly exercised, with low energy input. This study is seeking to prove that young adults (two women of 28 and 30 years old) taking swimming lessons in their spare time are able to correct their swimming technique applied in their favorite routines, as well as strengthen and improve there routines. To this end, the subjects have taken two swimming lessons per week, for four months, during which time they have learned thoroughly two swimming routines – backstroke and breaststroke. Following this study, we have seen that the subjects tested have improved the floating technique and the swimming technique related to the above mentioned routines. Correcting the execution errors and strengthening the technique have required great efforts from the subjects, backed by an adequate drive and high trust in the coach.
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Globalization is famously known for the ongoing expansion of the boundaries of travelling and contact between different cultures of the world; with it, the problem of a good interaction has also been raised. This explains the purpose of the present paper for it approaches the set of abilities that are necessary for students so that they be able to initiate, maintain and conclude a profitable act of communication with people pertaining to a culture different from their own. These aptitudes are gathered under the umbrella of intercultural communication competence, a domain which has started to be given growing attention lately especially with regard to students for they are the most resourceful human asset. The scope of the training in ICC entails a process which presupposes a passage through a third space – the name given to a rather psychological phase – which guarantees the success of the demarche. Thirding is an alternative theory whose innovation consists in the comprehension of both personal and public space with an addition of the third – which complements the first two with a dash of open-mindedness and friendliness.
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The principle of effective judicial protection, established by jurisprudence as one of the constitutive elements of a rule of law at the level of the European Union, is now enshrined in the primary law of the Union both as an obligation for the Member States (Article 19(1) paragraph 2 of the Treaty of the European Union), and as a right guaranteed to individuals (Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights). The article will mainly analyze the obligation for Member States to ”provide remedies sufficient to ensure effective legal protection in the fields covered by Union law”, trying to identify, on the basis of the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the content of this obligation and its main implications in the internal legal systems of the Member States. The analysis of the various meanings of effective judicial protection requires the analysis of its relationship with other principles of Union law, as well as with the right to an effective remedy enshrined in Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Will be highlighted the autonomous dimension recognized by the case-law to the obligation laid down in Article 19(1) paragraph 2 TEU to guarantee the functioning of the decentralized system for the protection of EU rights via the preliminary reference procedure and it is assessed that it may impose certain obligations on Member States even if they do not implement or act within the scope of EU law in the strict sense.
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During a long period of time, in sports theory, it is argued that the success of any sport test with complex coordination depends first of all on technical and tactical training, with a gradual increase (depending on the age criterion) of the functional tasks’ complexity. In this respect, within tennis test, there is still a considerable potential to: improve the quality of technical and tactical training, including on a large scale, improve the pedagogical control system and turn it into a long-term reference point for all stages of the training; organize a system of incentives for increasing and keeping the group involved in this test in order to increase the dynamics of cognitive-motor activities. This potential should be capitalized. For table tennis, the quality improvement of technical and tactical training as well as the increase of the number of participants can be ensured by: improving the content, consistency and methodology of technical and tactical training; improving the pedagogical control system and turning it into a long-term reference point for all phases of training; organizing a system of incentives to increase and maintain the number of participants. The purpose of the activity is to increase the participations and achievement of the sporting results within the "table tennis" test due to the creation of a logical technical and tactical training system in the long run. This article highlights the aspects related to the formation of long-term technical and tactical training, maintenance of the same numerical group of participants for the "table tennis" test. Methods of research: analysis and generalization of literature data, interviewing, pedagogical experiments. The article presents the content of the long-term training tasks for table tennis players, taking into account the stages of training and advancement to additional levels during the initial technical training phase. The results of the competitive activity of the participants within the experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of this method. In the case of long-term training, it is impossible to overlook the issue of sport-cognitive motivation and to maintain the numerical group of pupils from sports schools. The research process has made possible to conclude that, in order to motivate sporting activities under the conditions of early specialization, it is necessary to diversify the sport tests, starting with the introduction of table tennis for the "children" category.
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Small and medium-sized enterprises, as a main element of any economic system, have a significant influence on durable development of a state. Moreover, it becomes clearer that SMEs have gained a significant role in terms of employment, development of innovation and wealth creation. However, in many cases, enterprises face problems and, as a result, some perform dismally and fail to grow while others end up to bankruptcy. Given the high failure rate, it is of big interest to research the factors that may enable the SMEs to survive and develop up to the point they perform. The growth of an economic entity is in dependence with multiple factors, of which identification and evaluation is determinant for any proper appreciations of enterprise’s future perspectives. The objective of this paper was to examine the factors affecting business success of small and medium-sized enterprises listed in Romania such as management experience, access to infrastructure, access to finance and access to relevant information in affiliated sector of activity. Thus, the paper aimed to highlight the factors that impact enterprise’s achievements and to stress out the importance of entrepreneur’s attitude towards the influence of such factors on performance of the enterprise.
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Focusing on Philip Roth’s novel, American Pastoral, the article explores the case of the maincharacters’ families, with major focus on fathers, more precisely on Seymour Levov, also known asthe Swede and Lou Levov, Seymour’s father. Philip Roth is reputed as being an essentiallymasculine author in whose writings the fathers are not always depicted as having a constructiveinfluence on the male identity. In this novel are to be found two paternal figures whose concepts ochild education are set against each other. Caught between his father’s strict authority and Merry’sbrutal disavowal, the Swede is distressed by his incapacity to maintain the patriarchal legacy as ason and a father, too. By exploring the main character of this novel, this article inquires into howmen manage, or not, to reconcile their hegemonic and the patriarchal roles. The Swede’s denial ohis ethnic experience is a transgression of the paternal authority which is further evoked through awider crisis of masculinity and paternity in the novel. Philip Roth has often set the internaantagonisms – generally the conflict between traditional and temporal values – against thbackground of family. In this particular novel one finds that father’s disobedience can lead toconstructing hegemonic masculinity in crisis.
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Although gender became an important identity marker only in the twentieth century, significantdevelopments showing concerns with gender constructions can be traced back as early as thebeginning of modernity. The enlightenment announced a reconsideration of many issues that hadbeen taken for granted until then for generations. One can go back as far as to the end of theseventeenth century, when the cradle of political modernity began to take shape, being faced with theintellectual challenge of looking into the legacy of authoritarian thought, which had been reigningboth in important institutions having to do with power (including the catholic church) and inintellectual circles. A range of beliefs that challenged established religious dogma gradually emergedwith their alternative solutions, drawing attention to a very important issue that would announcegreat changes outside the religious realm: the realization that most of the things considered ‘natural’were socially constructed. The study of the modern theories of the social contract will reveal aspectsthat feminists did value and reflect upon, as it will be seen further on, at the same time, themodernity bringing to light important issues for, what it is to become, decades later, men’s studies.The focus will be on three major social contract theorists separately. Each subsection will contain abrief presentation of the respective thinker’s essential arguments regarding the first signs of socialconstructions of gender, with special focus on their ideas about human nature and their denouncingof ‘naturalized’ authoritarian rule. The final goal is that of revealing manly presences and issuesconcerning gender constructions, as perceived in those centuries.
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The book, Amfiteatru Economic - Year XX, describes the process of becoming an academic publication twenty years after the appearance of the first issue. Testimonies of the personalities who founded the Amfiteatru Economic Journal, as well as some of those who contributed along the way to strengthening its prestige, are evoked. The main important moments in the evolution of the Journal are presented. A turning point was the entry of the journal into the mainstream of academic publications internationally with its indexation in 2008 by Thomson Reuters Services in the most comprehensive and prestigious database for academic publications, known today as the Web of Science Core Collection. At the same time, the paper includes statistical analyses and scientometrics illustrating the qualitative progress achieved by the Journal over time. An important role had, in this respect, the responsible performance of all editorial activities, an active online presence through the Journal's website, consistent respect for the mission and declared values. The book also describes the efforts made by the editorial committee to attract recognized scientific personalities and strengthen the Journal's community, including through meetings and collaborations with different other academic communities, as well as through partnerships with international conference organizers. The volume presents an experience rich in useful lessons for all those interested in academic publishing, especially for the collectives that initiate new publications. In the 108-year history of the Academy of Economic Studies, Amfiteatru Economic - Year XX is a unique book, because it is the only book about a journal.
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