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The paper gives a brief overview of the international research on pupil’s resistance within classroom. The aim of this qualitative study is to analyze resistant behaviour in the Czech lower secondary classrooms, where student teachers realize their long term practice. Student teachers recorded in their diaries variety of resistant behaviour connected to school norms and teachers and themselves. The sample consisted of 58 student teachers diaries. The paper analyze pupils resistance within classroom in the power relationship context. It brings typology of resitance from passive to aggressive resistance, which takes place in both didactic and regulative power discourse.
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The study investigates the process of standard (cut score) setting for criterion-referenced educational tests. The main goal of this study is to provide the comprehensive framework on standard setting based mainly on Anglo-American research literature as well as on the Standards for educational and psychological testing (AERA, APA, & NCME, 1999). Main emphasis is dedicated to the process of creating description of performance levels and to the methods of cut score setting. Description of performance levels is shown on some examples concerning the reading comprehension and is based on MCAS testing. Among the test-item centered methods, Angoff, Nedelsky and bookmarking methods are desribed. The person-centered methods are represented by contrasting group approach. As a representant of methods combining both approaches, the measurement decision theory classification is described. The validity issues of these methods are briefly discussed.
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This study examines whether the nature of educational communication influences student learning in humanistic subjects or not. It is based on a questionnaire which inquires as to what the features of educational communication and indicators of perceived learning are. The study surveys the results of an analysis of data coming from 256 lower secondary school students who study in the South Moravian Region. The results show that features of educational communication significantly influence perceived learning and that the most important variable is students’ participation in communication.
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