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Hana Arent i Aristotel: jedna apologija pripovedanja

Author(s): Julia Kristeva / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Čini se da je karika koja nedostaje, a koja povezuje mladalačke tekstove Hane Arent sa njenim kasnijim, slavnim delima o totalitarizmu, upravo shvatanje ljudskog života kao političkog delovanja koja se otkriva u jeziku neke pripovesti ∞une histoire≤ (story i history). Pre nego što pročitamo njene zrele tekstove, potrebno je, dakle, da se pozabavimo onim što nam izgleda kao apologija pripovedanja kod Hane Arent, a što dijagonalno preseca čitavo njeno istraživanje.

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Voljeti smrt kao sestru, umirati skupa: autobiografija i
žalovanje

Author(s): Zoran Janković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Derrida, a l’encontre de Heidegger, essaie d’effacer les frontičres que l’ontologie fondamentale trace rigoureusement entre “ma mort”, toujours la mienne et la mort d’autrui. Pour brouiller cette distinction stricte heideggerienne, Derrida, tout comme Ricoeur, assigne un rôle crucial au deuil. En examinant ce “deuil originaire”, et la fonction du ton autobiographique qui devient omniprésent chez le “dernier” Derrida, cet article souleve la question qui est celle de savoir ce qui se passe quand mon deuil est raconté. Rapprochant de cette maniere Ricoeur et Derrida, il tâche tout d’abord de faire apparaître que l’autobiographie ne peut pas “approprier” la mort par principe, et, ensuite que le deuil originaire derridien, en derničre analyse et paradoxalement, implique une certaine violence.

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Utopija razlike

Author(s): Miroslav Milović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Derrida´s deconstruction can be regarded as a radical consequence of the question of ontological difference. According to him, Heideggerian project is still related to the specific hermeneutic reification. The new Derridian difference also has important ethical and political consequences. It is the framework within which it is possible to think democracy beyond metaphysics.

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Žak Derida, Robert Muzil: putevi s one strane stvarnog

Author(s): Aleksandra Kostić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Author initially attempts to differentiate ‘modern’ and ‘postmodern’ stance by emphasizing the subtle distinction between Derrida’s notion of peut-ętre (maybe) and Robert Musil’s concept of Möglichkeit (possible). These two notions are similar but nevertheless they can exemplify two different approaches to the realm beyond Reality: derridian ‘maybe’ refers to the openness of things, to surprise and ‘event’, whereas ‘possibility’ remains, by means of causality, motivation, utopism, etc., tied to existing reality. In the conclusion author suggests that ‘contemporary times’ – illustrated by Sloterdijk’s pictoresque portrait of polyvalent logics – demand ‘maybeness’ that encompass and surpass musilian contemplation on unreal, but possible things.

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Smisao razumijevanja i/ili razumijevanje smisla Dizdareve „Poruke“

Author(s): Vildana Pečenković / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

To understand is to be able to go back to something. Comprehensive texts remain available to any new understanding, and continuously appear in different perspectives. It’s the case with the poems Roads and Message from Mak Dizdar’ collection Stone Sleeper the first of which opens and the other closes a unique poetic circle. Essential familiarity of their understanding is in reference on the history and tradition, because tradition and history have their primary meaning in it. They represent materialized memory – they carry the spirit of the past and their connotative meaning erases the boundaries of time and existence. The poetic text here is shown in the world in which it was constructed, and in certain limits allows us to live it through experience. In the Bosnian literature, the poetry of Mak Dizdar is a unique example of connection between art and reality, poetry and country, tradition and modernity, language and people. Dizdar’s dedication is aesthetically mature, ready on warning and truth about the country and its people and those Others. This paper analyzes the poetic paths and messages, and the ways in which these are internalized.

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VARIJACIJE NA FRAGMENT ARISTOTELOVE „POETIKE“

Author(s): Aras Borić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The paper discusses Plato’s and Aristotle’s conception of beauty and their relation to art, and especially Aristotle anticipation of modernist art and avantgarde poetics of the twentieth century, which is reflected in two fragments of „Poetics“ and „Physics“. Related to abstract art (which old Greeks did not know) citizen of Stagira and Athenian paradoxically replaced their usual positions of idealism and „realism“. In other words Aristotle can be linked with a certain idealistic tendencies, while in Plato, who argued for ideological art, we can discern radically „realistic“ tendencies.

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Islamic Hermeneutics and Western Traditions: the epistemological/ontological dispute in hermeneutics

Author(s): Yi Ren Thng / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Hermeneutics and its practice straddles a number of purportedly incompatible dualisms. Ostensibly, contestation about hermeneutics a la Gadamer and Ricoeur, revolve about resolving if an epistemological orientation, or an ontological predilection should take precedence. While this theoretical stranglehold is indubitably important, I argue that this debate masquerades and indeed distract attention away from deeper and more insidious debates about the philosophical nature and even the potential of the social sciences in general. After all, critics of Gadamer's ontological programme have attempted the creation of alternative hermeneutics with epistemological underpinnings to enable distanciation, which in turn renders critical theory that encompasses emancipatory action possible (Ricoeur and Habermas). Others have adopted epistemological foundations in hermeneutics, while dismissing the ontological characterisation of Gadamer’s hermeneutic circle, to discredit the postulation of interpretations as explanatory accounts. Adopting this strategically allows for some to discharge explanatory accounts from being beholden to constraints such as spatial temporal limitation or inherited historical legacies, while rendering yet others the possibilities of genuine intersubjectivity and argumentative diversity that does not ‘come at the cost of enforced agreement’ (Shklar). Despite the importance of these debates, I argue that this is yet another distraction from the notion of hermeneutics as an endeavour of interpretation that necessarily and indeed can incorporate the various binaries as outlined above. To illustrate my arguments, I invoke an original site of hermeneutical contestation, namely theology and its texts. Specifically, I introduce principles of Islamic hermeneutical exercises, and Ibn al-Arabi is adduced to explore modalities of comprehension (Tadhakkur vs Tadabbur, Tafalkur, Ta'aqqul) in relation to divine knowledge entities (Tanzih as compared to Tashbibh). I conclude by sketching the possibilities of a hermeneutical programme that incorporates the above schisms, and hence create more holistic hermeneutical enterprises.

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CIORAN, HEIDEGGER AND ADORNO – EXIT FROM THE "NOTEBOOKS"

Author(s): Ovidiu-Marius Bocsa / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The gesture of leaving a given environment/milieu or an exteriorization of "interiority" and "subjectivity" is as risky as that of suicide to understand death. Forgetting, ultimate sincerity, exaltation, deconstructive memory could be quite unexpected and unwanted forms of death by anchoring in an unknown port marked by anxiety, or eviscerating an eye, that is, restricting vision, vision and creative imagination under the tyranny of the ideas. I added three individual models. "Notebooks" are a threshold, e.g. a space for intermediation, exit or entry, or stumbling. The warning in the pavilion would sound like this: We can be guided by utopias and generous ideas, but they can degrade, becoming ideologies that lead to dystopias, nihilism, disasters, frustrations and self-frustrations, regrets. "Let's leave the door open for us," Theodor W. Adorno urges us somewhere in A Message from The Bottle, that is, to leave neither hope nor the possibility of returning to ourselves, that is, after the beautiful Romanian saying of "come to our senses", to return to our (human) nature.

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SENSURILE TEXTULUI SACRU ÎN EXEGEZA BIBLICĂ A SFÂNTULUI IOAN GURĂ DE AUR

Author(s): Eusebiu Borca / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

In Chrysostom’s exegetical works, we find the main rules of hermeneutics, which must consider for a correct interpretation. Even if it is an inspired book and the lead author is God, the Bible is the result of cooperation between divinity and humanity. Like Jesus Christ was incarnated in human flesh, so the Word was "incarnated" in the letter of Scripture, to be accessible for his creature. Thus, the external form (the letter) is the human component, instead, the spiritual meaning, the spirit of Scripture reveals the divine Author. The interpretation of Scripture is an activity that must be carried out, combining both intellectual faculties, but especially spiritual ones. As a first step to deepening, Chrysostom recommends all Christians to read the Bible daily, incessantly. The riches found in this book, must be, then, spread to others, so that, they share the benefit of God's Word, so necessary for human life. All these divine precepts must not remain only at the level of thought or word, but these must be translated into deeds. The Bible is a book that should be lived, and through his life, Chrysostom has shown that this is possible. To discover the meaning of Scripture, Chrysostom was used historical and literal meaning. Because of this, he will be considered: the exponent of this method of biblical interpretation. However, Chrysostom calls for closer scrutiny to penetrate the meaning of Scripture and he recognizes the existence of a spiritual sense. By his exegesis Chrysostom has made important contributions to clarify the biblical texts but also to establish rules for the interpretation of the Bible. By his exegetical works, Chrysostom remained forever a model and an authority. .

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Чуждото и чужденците в контекста на борбата за признание

Author(s): Yvanka Raynova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The problem of the Other, which has a long history and tradition in continental philosophy, has been increasingly articulated in recent years in the context of the problems of recognition, and hence of the rights of aliens in contemporary Europe, and the problems related to multiculturalism and intercultural discourse. Even before 2015, when the great wave of refugees flooded Europe, numerous philosophical discussions unfolded on these topics. The purpose of this article is, on the one hand, to present some of the most important aspects of the debates that took place between some prominent representatives of contemporary philosophical thought, namely - the debates between Jürgen Habermas and Charles Taylor, Axel Honneth and Nancy Fraser, Paul Ricoeur and Axel Honneth, as well as the discussion between Christoph Menke, Georg Lohmann and Dieter Thomä in the "Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie", and on the other hand to explore the various attempts of conceptualization of these problems by Jean Baudrillard, Bernard Waldefels and Raúl Fornet-Betancourt. The phenomenological-hermeneutic analysis of the arguments of these different au-thors allows us to draw certain conclusions and to suggest possible directions for future resolutions on these conflictual issues. The main thesis defended here is that the problem of the foreign and the aliens (foreigners) cannot be solved if it is detached from the context of the problems of recognition, translation and intercultural or multicultural dialogue.

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За един нов етос на Европа, или перспективи на европейската интеграция

Author(s): Yvanka Raynova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

If for years, almost throughout the twentieth century, the historical responsibility of intellectuals consisted in the resistance and the fight against the "global totalitarianism" in Europe, with 1989, as Ricoeur notes, we entered in a new era, requiring a new type of commitment related to the development and renewal of the European Community. Thus, European integration should be thought not only in its economic, but also in its political, legal and cultural aspects. This requires the construction of a new community model, which is based on the principles of solidarity and the recognition of different national traditions and values, i.e., a new political and axiological consciousness. The purpose of the present article is to show what Ricoeur's hermeneutic phenomenology can contribute to the rethinking of European coexistence in the contemporary context. The author argues that Ricoeur's contribution consists in the following: it helps to clarify the conditions for the so-called "correct use of political language", to delineating the limits of tolerance and intolerance in institutional and socio-cultural terms, it offers a new understanding of the European Community through phenomenological-hermeneutic interpretation of the dialectic between civilization and culture and least but not last, it offers a threefold model for a "new ethos for Europe."

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A Textual-Critical Study and Interpretation of the Liturgical Response

Author(s): Jack Khalil / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper explores the hermeneutical background of the response to the final diaconal acclamation prior to the initiatory dialogue of the Eucharistic anaphora currently used in both Eucharistic formularies of the Orthodox Church, those of St Basil and St John Chrysostom. Specifically, this study examines the response, «Ἔλεον εἰρήνης, θυσίαναἰνέσεως», to diaconal command, «Στῶμεν καλῶς· στῶμεν μετὰ φόβου· πρόσχωμεν τὴν ἁγίανἀναφορὰν ἐν εἰρήνῃ προσφέρειν». After presenting the historical data and variants of the above response (as found in patristic quotes, liturgical commentaries, manuscript variants, ancient Latin translations and other Eucharistic formularies such as the Hagiopolite Liturgy of St James), this study provides an outline of the way in which contemporary experts in the field of liturgiology have understood this phrase. To follow, this paper explores the syntactical structure of the response in relation to the preceding acclamation. Particular analysis will be made of the grammatical and syntactical use of the present, active, infinitive«προσφέρειν». Finally, this paper demonstrates that the response in its current form offers a specific biblical hermeneutical understanding of the Eucharistic oblation (anaphora) in relation to the Old Testament sacrificial offerings.

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Tradycje badawcze hermeneutyki prawa – od Schleiermachera do Amseleka

Author(s): Maria Gołębiewska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The purpose of the text is to discuss research traditions of legal hermeneutics, in the domains of which appeared and appear some questions specific to this type of hermeneutics. Research issues of legal hermeneutics, primarily regarding the questions of interpretation and statutory interpretation (Auslegung), are sometimes characterised slightly differently from the issue of ontological, theological or literary hermeneutics. It was these differences that Hans-Georg Gadamer devoted a lot of attention to, among others, analysing them in considerable detail in "Truth and Method". The purpose of the initial part is to discuss the specific research positions of legal hermeneutics in reference to theses and postulates of general hermeneutics. Subsequently, the history of legal interpretation is briefly presented (among others, the theses of Francis Lieber and Arthur Kaufmann, a polemic critical of the hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer). Two basic research contexts have been identified and distinguished, in relation to which legal interpretation is considered – next to the hermeneutic context is the narrower and stricter context of language analyses (argumentation logic, semiotics, semantics, theory of speech acts). This second context is particularly present in the semiotic and semantic approach to legal interpretation.

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Hermeneutyka a religia

Author(s): Marek Szulakiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The philosophical development of hermeneutics did not mean its restriction and confinement to philosophical considerations, but instead placed it at the centre of a lost culture. It affected all areas where a state of ambiguity was experienced, in particular religion and theology. The latter has long been torn between two tendencies. On the one hand, it was oriented towards tradition and fidelity to the sources, but on the other, it made constant attempts to exist in the present, developing reflections on revelation in the context of history. Both of these trends point to the need to take the principles of hermeneutics and understanding theory seriously. Here, theological science was reminded of the problems arising from the fact of the symbolic structure of the religious world. In this context, one has to ask the question of how the attempts to apply hermeneutics to religion and theology (hermeneutic theology) position themselves in the context of a theory of understanding? The article addresses this problem by highlighting the involvement of hermeneutics in the field of theology and religion, breaking with the metaphysical tradition and pointing to a human understanding of God.

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Spadkobierczyni religii

Author(s): Robert Grzywacz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The study deals with the philosophical problem of hope in an aspect that is determined by the issue of so-called radical hope. The latter perspective signifies hope as the heir to expectations previously associated with religion, and thus also as its substitute equivalent in line with the scientific worldview. The article shows several different dimensions of the problematic nature of such a substitution. To this end, it starts with a concise recall of some achievements of Polish philosophical inquiries devoted to hope, and broadens the scope of the presentation to include selected foreign approaches, in particular those referring to considerations made in the spirit of Kant. Ultimately, certain pragmatic and formal observations that can be made in the context of the summarised views seem to raise important doubts about the satisfactory character of the concept of radical hope.

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Hermeneutyka i czas

Author(s): Łukasz Kołoczek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The reasoning is based on two observations: first, each interpretation of time is closely related to the understanding of human existence and its relation to the world and to oneself (thus there is no isolated theory of time). Secondly, time is not one, and different descriptions of time do not allow to be consistent. If we agree that time is heterogeneous and incoherent, the question can be asked what understanding of human existence results from this fact. Human existence must have the ability to understand itself in different ways and to “jump” between them. This result entitles me to propose a “second degree hermeneutics” that will move in the field of various philosophical theories.

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System i pozór

Author(s): Paweł Pieniążek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article compares Rousseau’s thought to the philosophy of the authors of the Frankfurt school of critical theory in order to present Rousseau as a thinker who in his immanent criticism of the Enlightenment provided the principal, analytical premises for the conception of dialectics of the Enlightenment elaborated by Horkheimer and Adorno. The article shows and discusses the principal moments of the historiosophical scheme underlying it, which determine the logic of self-preservation and the dialectic of reification and domination. Then the ideological function of science and, most of all, of art is presented. The article addresses also the issue of the normative foundations of emancipatory, Enlightenment ideals in the thought of Rousseau and Horkheimer/Adorno.

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O wolności w filozofii Jana Patočki i Hannah Arendt

Author(s): Marek Drwięga / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the paper the author would like to draw the readers’ attention to the question of freedom in the philosophies of Jan Patočka and Hannah Arendt. The analyses are situated in the context of the 20th century totalitarianisms. Patočka and Arendt were eyewitnesses and keen observers of this terrible period in history and both defended the freedom because of its significance for human beings. The Czech philosopher developed his concept of freedom in the context of “negative Platonism” and the movements of human existence to arrive at analyses of the experience of the frontline and solidarity of the “shaken”, where he emphasized the interpersonal and ethical aspect of this phenomenon. Hannah Arendt, on the other hand, started from the experience of total enslavement and absolute evil, and then developed the anthropological concept of the plurality of human individuals in the political context. She understood freedom as an inalienable property that is given with the birth of a human being, making it possible to start something new in the world, both good and evil.

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Dyskusja Derridy z myślą o sztuce Hegla i Heideggera

Author(s): Paweł Dybel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the paper I address the way in which Derrida, in his book "Truth in Painting", provides a critique of the aesthetic thought of Hegel and Heidegger. In his account, he tries to show that the traditional rigid distinction between the representations of a work of art (ergon) and its framing (parergon) does not convey how the latter significantly affects the representations of the work of art. Hegel, for example, conceived of the relationship between the work and its external contexts in terms of overlapping circles, whose traversing by the viewer allows him to get closer to the source of the work. A similar pattern is also present in Heidegger’s thought on the work of art, who conceives of it as a ‘present’, enclosed entity, unable to convey the ‘abyss’ of the circle that the representation of the work of art and the viewer's experience of it encircle. This objection by Derrida, however, is, in my opinion, unfounded. In it, he ignores the role played in Heidegger’s philosophy by the so-called ‘turn’, i.e. the abandonment of thinking in the form of a step-by-step ascent to truth, in favour of thinking in which truth occurs by way of an ascent to truth. In this perspective, too, the clear boundary between the ergon and the parergon of the work is blurred, although this has a different connotation from that of the author of "Glas". In Derrida’s thought on art, I also find problematic the complete disregard of the role played in the experience of the ‘beauty’ of a work of art by its clearly demarcated material ‘presence’ as an indispensable condition of this experience.

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Kvir i trans muslimanske hermeneutike budućeg: Mikrokozmička istrajavanja na putu zajedništva

Author(s): Vanja Hamzić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Učestala i sve raznolikija nastojanja živućih kvir i trans muslimanskih zajednica, kao i bliskih im akademskih istraživača/ica, da se na promišljen i dalekosežan način suprotstave nasilju i nejednakosti vezanim koliko za njihovu seksualnu i rodnu različitost toliko i za upražnjavanje vlastitih vjerskih izričaja, naišla su na snažno protivljenje muslimanskih vjerskih institucija. Takav otpor je uglavnom zasnovan na tvrdnji da se oblici rodnog i seksualnog koji izlaze iz okvira sveprisutnog cisheteronormativnog sustava protive svetim pravilima islamskog prava (šerijat, sharīʿa), zasnovanim na Kurʾanu (Qurʾān) i sunetu (sunna) – djelima i izrekama poslanika Muḥameda. Isti su izvori citirani u prilog drakonskim zakonima koje su donijele države s muslimanskom većinom kako bi se sustavno suzbila javna vidljivost seksualne i rodne raznolikosti. Neki od ovih zakona, navodno šerijatski inspirirani, još uvijek propisuju smrtnu kaznu za analni odnos (liwāṭ) između partnera/ica istoga spola1 i strogo kažnjavaju rodnu „transgresiju“ i raznolikost.

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