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INFLUENŢA FACTORILOR NEMUZICALI LA MODIFICAREA TEXTUALĂ A NUMĂRĂTORILOR

Author(s): Cristina Planjanin Simić / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 03/2016

When starting analytically from elaborating a complex creation, as the counting, the first obstacle in the way of the researchers is the text of the counting, respectively its etymologic sense. The way of interpreting the counting depends of more factors: the knowledge and creativity of the informant, the capacity of “translating” certain parts of the counting, unknown by him. Also, it depends a lot of the moment of the selection, and its duration, the age of the counting – meaning “the fray degree” (smaller or bigger changes, to be recognized or not). The modifications of the counting can be diverse, and the combinations can be numerous, contingent or even imperceptible. It may reach to: smaller or bigger modifications of the verse, conscious or unconscious, or interpreted with a meaning that is closer to the “original” one in this way creating new variants of the counting that the children use daily.

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Słuchowisko a przekład teatralny: Rough for Radio II Samuela Becketta

Author(s): Łukasz Borowiec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2015

The article examines the intricacies of theatrical translation with reference to foreignlanguage radio plays. The attempt is to trace the interrelations between elements of translated radio drama on the basis of Samuel Beckett’s Rough for Radio II, its RTÉ Ireland realization (2006) and the Polish translation by Antoni Libera together with his own production of the play for Polish Radio 2 (2009). One of the main aims of this study is to present the potential for analysing a translated work for radio as well as to initiate a discussion on the role of theatrical translation in radio dramatic forms. Firstly, the analysis focuses on the juxtaposition of the English version of Beckett’s play and its Polish translation, which – notably – is based both on the English and French versions. Next, English and Polish radio productions are scrutinized in the light of the script which constitutes their basis. The discussion foregrounds such elements of radio drama as voice, sound effects and the employment of pauses and silences. The final step consists in comparing and contrasting both realizations as overlapping layers of practical instances of theatrical translation originating from Beckett’s text, which as such is also a translation. The analysis reveals intriguing changes and transformations on the way from the original script by Beckett to its rendering in Polish radio. The most visible is Libera’s (translator-director’s) constant wavering in his choices between his own translation and two versions of the Beckett text, which lead to the final radio production becoming a specific manifestation of linguistically and culturally based decisions.

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Strategie przekładu „obciążonego” kulturowo a polski przekład Jonathan Edwards Reader

Author(s): Michał Choiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

The author discusses the process of translation of Jonathan Edwards Reader into Polish. This anthology of sermons, letters, personal writings and philosophical texts by Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758), early modern American theologian and preacher, posed a considerable challenge to the team of translators because of how strongly it is immersed in the colonial culture. Different lexical and stylistic problems that occurred in the translation process are presented, together with the strategies adopted by the translators to address them.

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Negocjacje/transakcje/interakcje – o współpracy translatorskiej Virginii Woolf, Katherine Mansfield i Samuela Koteliańskiego

Author(s): Mirosława Kubasiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 32/2016

Claire Davison. Translation as Collaboration. Virginia Woolf, Katherine Mansfieldand S. S. Koteliansky, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2014.

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Polskie przekłady wybranych fragmentów prozy włoskiej w świetle uwarunkowań kulturowych i historycznych recepcji literatury obcej w PRL

Author(s): Małgorzata Ślarzyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 37/2017

The article focuses on the role of cultural and historical determinants that influence literary translation. The objects of analysis are selected translations of fragments of contemporary Italian fiction – novels by Natalia Ginzburg (Lessico famigliare) and Giuseppe Dessí (Paese d’ombre), and a short story by Beppe Fenoglio (23 giorni della città di Alba) – which were published in the 1970s in the Literatura na Świecie, a Polish literary magazine devoted to foreign literature. The analysis of the phenomenon of fragmentation of Italian literary prose, which occurred in the selected translations, makes it possible to observe the impact of the target culture of that time on the way in which foreign literature was presented to the target reader.

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Degrés d’équivalence en traduction: Les Misérables de Victor Hugo en version roumaine

Author(s): Elena Petrea / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2017

Since the translator translates not words, but texts (Catford, 1965; Nord, 1991), any analysis of translations takes into account the question of equivalence, which forms the basis of the relationship between the source and the target text. After a careful reading of the works dedicated to the study of the text in translation studies, we propose an analysis that takes advantage of integrating theoretical approaches. The evaluation criteria applied to the Romanian versions of Victor Hugo's Les Misérables concern several levels (lexicology, syntax, pragmatics, stylistics, etc.), because our objective is to identify, in a multidisciplinary perspective, the relationships between the text source and target text and the degree of achievement of equivalence in translation.

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Prevodilac i njegovi zadaci i postupci pri prevođenju naslova filmova

Author(s): Slobodan Jovanović,Katarina Brnjada / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 01/2016

This paper starts from the fact that the process of doing translations of titles does not differ much from what one does when translating other language units, at least when mental operations in the translator’s mind are concerned. What does make a difference, however, is seen in the concrete approach, which places special emphasis on stylistic and pragmatic aspects. The choice itself of syntactic and semantic equivalents is seldom sufficient for a title to convey the effect produced by the original phrasing. Doing translations of titles does not allow for linear sequencing of certain actions, rather prescribing the unwritten rules instead, the ones that seem to be chaotic at first sight, however the true task being to bring system to that chaos in order to produce an accountable outcome of the whole process. Numerous are the factors interwoven in their immediate influences on the translation offered, and the translator must be aware of all of such, exerting an effort to organize them and bring them to harmony. Out of the struggle to overcome lexical obstacles, after all the striving to produce the expected additional effect enhancing the film promotion, out of the need to have a translation accorded to the period of the exact film production, there appear successful creations, titles in translations that need some polishing, as well as those featuring obvious mistakes. Unfortunately, there are also mistranslations deserving to be labeled total failures, and the genuine mission of this work is to point to the fact that there are too many of such in media programe announcements, in lists of cinema repertoires, also in film related publications.

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Mamang Dai’s Poetry: Challenges In Translating Ecofeminism

Author(s): Antonia Navarro-Tejero / Language(s): English,Spanish Issue: 1/2016

Mamang Dai, an Adi poet from the Northeastern part of India, celebrates the ecological glory of her region Arunachal Pradesh in her collections of poetry written in English. In this paper, I propose to make a textual analysis of “Tapu” and “An Obscure Place,” two of the poems included in the bilingual edition entitled The Balm of Time (2008), where I contributed as a translator, paying special attention to the ecofeminist awareness, inspi-ration from folktales, and nature im-ageries that are related to the issue of identity.

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La formation à la traduction professionnelle en filière de Langues modernes appliquées : enjeux et défis, idées reçues et atouts

Author(s): Mihaela Toader / Language(s): French Issue: Suppl./2014

In order to have a complete overview of the translation training and of the impact the latter may have on the graduates’ career on the market of translation and intercultural communication, one has to carefully consider, from the very start, the principles of curriculum design, as well as the professionalizing, multidisciplinary, and multilingual features of this training. Our paper is a brief outline of the competences that are formed and developed in an Applied Modern Languages programme. Thus, we will mark the differences with other programmes based on linguistic competences. In this way, we will highlight the strengths of professional translators. To make this inventory complete and relevant, we thought it would be also useful to present the most important issues, the peculiarities and the evolution of this training in a dynamic perspective involving new challenges, but also a certain resistance and the effect of society’s misconceptions and false perceptions of the translation professions. In this paper, we also make a few observations on the status of the translator and the regulation gaps, aspects that need to be tackled. Unless the latter are dealt with, realistic solutions to our problems will be very difficult to find.

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AN APPROACH TO TEACHING VOCABULARY IN ESP CLASSES THROUGH TRANSLATION

Author(s): Elena Clementina Niță / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2018

The article aims at emphasising the strong connection between a good level of knowledge in the field of study and a good command of English to render specialised translation (English-Romanian direction) in ESP classes in the Higher Education. It comprises a short overview of basic tenets in translation theory regarding equivalence and technical communication, followed by a practical exemplification to classifying translational equivalence of technical terms in order to easily translate them. The article concentrates on the importance of vocabulary acquisition and consolidation through translation in ESP classes.

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Translation

Author(s): Desislava Cheshmedzhieva-Stoycheva,Emilia Toneva,Irina Nikolova Ivanova,Radostina Vladkova Iglikova,Rumyana Todorova,Zlatko Todorov,Snejana Obeyd,Temenuzhka Seizova-Nankova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

A group of papers on different aspects of Translation Theory

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Жребият

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2014

A translation of an original text

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A Shakespearian Sonnet and its Imaginary Translation

Author(s): Sorin Gheorghe Suciu / Language(s): English Issue: XVIII/2017

This paper starts a hermeneutical encircling of two poems, a Shakespearian sonnet and its “imaginary translation” by one of the traditional Romanian poets. Our adventure tries a trans-disciplinary approach by going deep into the text’s “fabric” from a translation perspective – where we combine the concept of “imaginary translation” with contemporary aspects of translation - in order to find, through words, the traces of philosophy and theology which support the texts and give their weight. Furthermore, we try to incorporate these elements into Poetry as ποίησις, continuing an inter/ trans-cultural dialogue just to arrive - through communication - at the point of communion inhumanity’s eternal and universal axiology.

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Počátky české kritiky uměleckých překladů z angličtiny v devatenáctém století: od recenzí k teorii

Author(s): Bohuslav Mánek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2019

The paper outlines and discusses the beginnings, character and development of Czech criticism of translations of English literature in the nineteenth century. It does so in the wider context of debates concerning the role of translated literature in the development of a national culture. The development from short reviews to more elaborated critical statements is traced primarily through the critical reception of Shakespeare’s plays and Lord Byron’s poetry. The works of these two authors continued to be translated over the course of the whole century, were considered to be of great importance, and had a powerful impact on Czech culture. Reviews and critiques of translated fiction are mentioned only briefly, as they appeared later and their evaluation would require a separate study. Czech translation criticism developed under specific conditions due to the social and political situation of the Czech nation: after a period of gradual decline of the standard Czech language following the Thirty Years’ War, the Czech language was gradually regaining the status of a language of literature and science. The last two decades of the 18th century and first half of the 19th century are thus called the period of the Czech National Revival. In its first decades, all translations as well as original Czech writings were well received in short reviews of theatre performances and books. Subsequently, as the century progressed, Czech translation criticism gradually developed to produce more elaborated theoretical statements, focusing on two principal questions: the suitability of translated authors and works for the recovering culture; and the quality of the translations themselves. With few exceptions, the first short critical comments concerning translations were published in the 1830s in reviews of theatre performances, more extended and more profound reviews and critiques started to be published in the 1850s. Some translators, e.g. J. Maly, P. Sobotka and J. Durdik were also reviewers, and some of their reviews and critiques can be considered to be the first steps towards the twentieth century development of Czech Translation Studies in the writings of Otokar Fisher, Jiři Levy and others.

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The issue of expression hybridity in the translation process

Author(s): Anita Huťková / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The study focuses on the perception of hybridity as a reality in the literary and translation space. It identifies the hybridity of authorship (inspiration by another author, the blurring of boundaries, the overlapping of the identities of the author, the translator, the inspired author and his translator); the hybridity of the original (which can be intrinsically inspired by another text or which appropriates this text); the hybridity of language and expression (which challenges the identity of space and suggests differing perception expectations in different cultural spaces). This hybridity dictates certain translation measures, strategies and interventions to the translator. On the applied level the paper is based on the prose by P. Esterhazy, and especially on his work Egy nő (One Woman) (Slovak translation by R. Deakova entitled Jedna žena [2011]). The second dimension is represented by a book by Dora Kapralova, a Czech writer living in Berlin, Zimní kniha o lásce (A Winter Book about Love) (2014), which admits to being deeply inspired by Esterhazy’s book Egy nő. Therefore, its translation into Hungarian presents a unique challenge. What translation strategies will be applied?

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České překlady Jesenina a sovětská ideologie

Author(s): Stanislav Rubáš / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2019

Dealing with a so far unknown part of Czech translation history, the paper uncovers traces of communist ideology in Czech translations of poems written by a Russian and Soviet poet Sergei Yesenin (1895–1925). First, it focuses on the Yesenin translations by Josef Hora (1891–1945), whose renderings of classical Russian verse have been and still are considered as canonical. Second, based on various translation-related facts, the article goes on presenting Jesenin as one of the politically and ideologically most controversial poets both in the Soviet Union and the former Czechoslovakia.

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Osobnost překladatele Jana Schejbala a jeho vliv na recepci katalánsky psané literatury u nás

Author(s): Michal Brabec / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2019

The article introduces the most important Czech Catalanist, who has been introducing Catalan literature to Czech audiences for nearly half of a century. The case of Jan Schejbal confirms that the role of the translator cannot be reduced to transferring text from one language to another: they must actively participate in the literary exchange, often being the key figure. The personal contribution of the translator seems to be even more indispensable when literary enrichment between minor and/or medium cultures is concerned. In this sense, the work Schejbal did within the publishing house Odeon during the 1970s and 1980s was absolutely essential, as he was the only one who translated from this Romance language whose literature was practically unknown in what was then Czechoslovakia. However, this privileged position in forming Czech notions about Catalan literature ended with the downfall of Odeon, which occurred shortly after the fall of the Communist regime in 1989. Despite the initial adversity he faced from the new commercial publishing houses, Jan Schejbal remained faithful to his longstanding ambition and continued to spread quality literature written in Catalan. Thanks to Prague’s lectorat de catala, founded in 1991, nowaday known as the Centre Carlemany de Llengua Catalana, a new field of action opened for him: he has been introducing students of the Faculty of Arts of Charles University in Prague to the culture and literature of the Catalan-speaking countries and, within a translation workshop, trains his successors. Also Schejbal’s life-long work on the very first Catalan-Czech and Czech-Catalan academic dictionary, about to be published, deserves special mention. This feat, among others, confirms again that the translator’s activity is more transcendental than it might seem. With the dictionary, Schejbal not only contributes significantly to the quality of future translations but also enables the reception of Catalan literature without the necessity of indirect translations via Spanish.

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Modely pro analýzu překladu „hudby do slov“ v cizojazyčné beletrii a jejích českých převodech

Author(s): Tereza Marková / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2019

‘When music is literature, it is bad literature. Music begins where words cease’ (Julian Barnes: ‘The Silence’). Nonetheless, many works of fiction have tried to describe music: a particular piece of music; a particular interpretation as perceived by the listener, the performer or the author; the process of practising and rehearsing music; the way notation speaks to us; the process of composing; or any other aspect of the musical world transferred into words. However, since Jacobson’s 1959 definition of intersemiotic translation, little has been written about how this translation of music into words actually works. This paper, lying at the intersection between literary and intersemiotic translation, proposes two models for translation analysis of musical passages in English fiction and their translations into the target language. The models have been created for the purpose of a PhD thesis dealing with 20th and 21st century English fiction that contains intersemiotic translation of classical music into words, and with the Czech translations of these works. The first model outlines criteria for analyzing the way the author of the original translates music into his or her mother tongue. The second model describes individual layers of a translated piece, taking into account the fact that to achieve the desired result, the translator may be forced to combine the ‘proper’ interlingual and intersemiotic translation (i.e. transmutation).

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Much Ado about Black Naturalism: Don John, Blood, and Caged Birds

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Much Ado about Black Naturalism: Don John, Blood, and Caged Birds

Author(s): HARRIS CRYSTAL / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2019

William Shakespeare’s comedy, Much Ado About Nothing, and Paul Laurence Dunbar’s poem, “Sympathy,” peer through black naturalism’s socially deterministic lens, despite conflicts in time, geopolitics, social norms, and literary imagination. Specifically, Don John’s truculent reference about “sing[ing] in his cage” (1.3.32) inspired investigation into whether Dunbar’s famed line, “I know why the caged bird sings” (21), intentionally alludes to Shakespeare’s work. While the research is inconclusive, the references provide clarity for Don John’s character particularly. Essentially, Don John’s foolhardy evil meets society’s standards for masking social truths, just as Dunbar’s poem has been reduced to a sweet and imaginative ditty over time. Thus, this article broadly explores society’s tendency to recycle oppression under expedient pretenses. Although Don John self-proclaims inherent evil, closer scrutiny of his figurative scar – coat of arms, representing illegitimacy – reveals a socially determined position, more consistent with Dunbar’s second-rate life based on skin color and his naturalism based on whiteness. Because Mowat and Werstine suggest that Don John’s ill-intentioned behaviors are less about biology (blood) than impassioned human response to social injustice (Blood), naturalism links the unlikely pair. As such, the article uses Dunbar’s black naturalism to exemplify societal “caging” in Much Ado and “Sympathy.”

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“In the desert, we are all illegal aliens”: Border Confluences and Border Wars in Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil’s Highway

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“In the desert, we are all illegal aliens”: Border Confluences and Border Wars in Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil’s Highway

Author(s): Raluca Andreescu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2019

In May 2001, a traveling party of 26 Mexican citizens tried to cross the Arizonan desert in order to enter the United States illegally. Their attempt turned into a front-page news event after 14 died and 12 barely made it across the border due to Border Patrol intervention. Against the background of consistent tightening of anti-immigration laws in the United States, my essay aims to examine the manner in which Luis Alberto Urrea’s The Devil’s Highway: A True Story (2004) reenacts the group’s journey from Mexico through the “vast trickery of sand” to the United States in a rather poetic and mythical rendition of the travel north. Written to include multiple perspectives (of the immigrants and their coyotes, the immigration authorities, Border Patrol agents, high officials on both sides of the border), Urrea’s account, I argue, stands witness to and casts light on the often invisible plight of those attempting illegal passage to the United States across the desert. It thus humanizes the otherwise dry statistics of immigration control by focusing on the everyday realities of human-smuggling operations and their economic and social consequences in the borderland region. At the same time, my paper highlights the impact of the Wellton 26 case on the (re)negotiation of identity politics and death politics at the US-Mexican border.

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