Tragiczne i komiczne konteksty terminu Świętej Inkwizycji w polskim romantyzmie. Jeszcze o Auto‑da‑fé. Komedii w jednym akcie i jednej scenie Cypriana Norwida

Author(s): Marek Piechota / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Had it not been for Romantic poets, the term auto‑da‑fé, which originated from Portuguese and is invariably connected with the institution of Inquisition, would probably be linked in our culture only with Spain. However, Romantic contexts of this term show various associa tions. Mickiewicz refers to it without exception in a serious and tragic mood, fitting patriotic‑martyrological circumstances that heroise his characters. Słowacki enriches it with irony and auto‑irony that may approach the comic, treating auto‑da‑fé as a metaphor for burning his own or – in the textual world – fictional writings. Similarly, Krasiński makes reference to the hypothetical annihilation of his manuscripts. Finally, Norwid turns to parody and proposes its allegorical interpretation to draw attention to the nineteenth century crisis of readership.

Komizm Pamiątek Soplicy Henryka Rzewuskiego

Author(s): Ewelina Giżka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this article is to discuss the comic of Pamiątki Soplicy [The Memoirs of Soplica] by Henryk Rzewuski. The comic effect evoked here is most prominent in the description of particular characters. To create Soplica, the author refers to the comic of a naive person, whose worldview is one‑sided, the comic of the difference between the appearance and the reality and the comic of contrast between temperaments of his protagonists. He also humorously rehabilitates some historically and morally controversial figures, such as Mikołaj Potocki, Karol Radziwiłł and Priest Marek. Rzewuski creates verbal humour through repetition, language mixing and robust comments of the narrator. Situational humour, although limited, is enriched with the context of manners. The article underscores also the comic value of the anecdotes that appear in the text, connected with the war, the law, hunting, and social life, with particular emphasis placed on their role in shaping the characters of magnates (Radziwiłł and Potocki). It also seeks answer to the question of what Rzewuski uses in place of the comic, which in some fragments disappears from the text.

Pan Jowialski w świecie luster. O powtórzeniu jako zasadzie konstrukcyjnej komedii Aleksandra Fredry

Author(s): Maria Janoszka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article attempts to analyse various forms of repetition and reduplication in Pan Jowialski [Mr. Jovial]. This typical comic device is frequently used by Fredro and in this comedy features particularly often. It takes various forms, including repetition of words, which brings to mind the monomania of the characters, linguistic parodies, characters mirroring other characters, the motive of recreating the extratextual world in a literary world or in a piece of art, and the device mise en abyme, which is evoked in the “play within a play” theme. This dense network of internal reflections contributes to the strongly geometrical composition of the play and, on the level of ideas, to the theoretical reflection on the world as theatre.

Rola symboli w kształtowaniu komizmu i tragizmu w opowiadaniu Aleksandra Grozy Biała róża Pinettiego

Author(s): Anna Szumiec / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article attempts to interpret the symbols used in Aleksander Groza’s short story Biała róża Pinettiego [Pinetti’s White Rose] in terms of the role they play in creating the comic and the tragic effect. Special emphasis is placed on the interpretation of the title, which serves as an introduction to the merging of these aesthetic categories. The author also draws attention to meaningful names, such as Pinetti, Amelia and Daria, and analyses the symbol of cat, whose appearance marks a crucial point in Groza’s story. She refers to a text by another Romantic, The Black Cat by Edgar Allan Poe, which complements the interpretation of the short story by the Polish writer.The aim is to present in detail the situations depicted in Biała róża Pinettiego [Pinetti’s WhiteRose], which are treated as comic or tragic, but which appear ambiguous after their elements have been interpreted symbolically. This demonstrates that the comic and the tragic blend together.

„Bo na tym świecie Śmierć wszystko zmiecie…”. Tragiczny wymiar maskarad w wybranych utworach literatury romantyzmu

Author(s): Marta Kalarus / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

According to Mikhail Bakhtin, in Romanticism the ludic element of the mask blurs. The mask gains a number of new meanings, at the same time losing its associations with rebirth, characteristic of folk culture, and acquiring a new, gloomy expression. This article traces this gloomy and tragic aspect of masquerades as presented in Romanic literature. The analysis is based on three texts: Mikhail Lermontov’s Masquerade, Juliusz Słowacki’s Jan Bielecki and Antoni Malczewski’s Maria. The motif of masquerade, present in all three works, is discussed both from the perspective of the theory of literature and with reference to the cultural contexts of the mask.

Motyw mesmeryzmu w literaturze romantycznej

Author(s): Julian Strzałkowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article concerns the notion of animal magnetism in selected prose of Polish Romanticism. The first part focuses on the reception of mesmerism in the 19th century and the influence of Mesmer’s doctrine on the literature of this epoch. The second part presents an analysis of two short stories: Siła woli [The Will Power] by Józef Bohdan Dziekoński and Lekarz magnetyczny [The Magnetic Doctor] by Józef Dzierzkowski. The way in which mesmerism and its followers are shown by the authors is presented and confronted with the nineteenth century reality. The main aim of the article is to demonstrate the influence of the references to Mesmer’s theory on the tragic quality of the discussed texts.

Alchemia pod znakiem Saturna. Tragizm i melancholia w Sędziwoju Józefa Bohdana Dziekońskiego

Author(s): Oskar Kalarus / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the novel Sędziwój by Józef Bohdan Dziekoński, alchemists are shown as people strongly connected with the night. In accordance with Romantic poetics, the night makes it possible for the human being to reach beyond the limitations of rational thinking, traditionally associated with the day. Alchemists’ way of life, different from the widely adopted one, contributes to their isolation from the society – a situation which they themselves treat as one of the factors indispensable for the development of their skill. In Dziekoński’s view, alchemists are melancholic geniuses, forever alone, consciously sinking in despair and aware of the fact that happiness is one of the greatest obstacles on the way to excellence. The real value of the protagonists’ life consists in the determination and readiness to sacrifice everything to achieve their set goals rather than in any tangible effects of their work. The sacrifice of earthly life is the proof of reaching the height of humanity, which in the novel is symbolically expressed as possessing the secret of the philosopher’s stone.

Alina kontra Balladyna. Tragizm antybaśni ukrytej za baśniową scenerią dramatu Juliusza Słowackiego

Author(s): Joanna Sapa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article attempts to analyse Balladyna by Juliusz Słowacki in terms of its intertextual references to popular tales by the Brothers Grimm: Snow White, Hansel and Gretel, and Little Red Riding Hood, and to two Ukrainian folk tales: Daughter and Stepdaughter and How the Emperor Married an Orphan Girl Maryjka. The main aim of this analysis is to discuss the analogies between the genre of tale and that of drama, visible in the structure of particular characters, and to identify the contradictory aesthetic categories which determine the text reception: the comic and the (dominant) tragic. The conclusions are as follows: firstly, Balladyna features a mixture of dramatic and fairy‑tale elements. Secondly, it is a two‑plane text, which can be read as a tale on the one hand, and as an anti‑tale on the other. Thirdly, the dominant aesthetic category here is the tragic. This final conclusion can be related to the question – very important in the Polish culture – whether a Pole has the right to laugh, especially at a time of national bondage, and to the nineteenth century sense of the tragic, which turned this category into a permanent element of the Romantic image of the world.

Zagadnienia polityczne w „Broszurze o Polsce” Bettiny von Arnim

Author(s): Marek Kryś / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Bettiny von Arnim „Broszura o Polsce” – próba (wy)tłumaczenia

Author(s): Nina Nowara-Matusik / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Przestrzeń bloga – przestrzeń dramatu. Blogi księży jako świadectwo poszukiwania tożsamości

Author(s): Lech Giemza / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The Internet shows an increasing number of blogs written by priests and monks, which appears problematic. Priests frequently do not realize that a blog is a form of meeting, which is different from a meeting in church. An author of a blog ceases to be an authority figure when he employs a different kind of language – less formal than in church. Examples quoted in this article indicate that the blogging priests face problems with the changing way of communication.

II wojna światowa w prozie Wiesława Myśliwskiego

Author(s): Bartłomiej Krupa / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Podmiot nomadyczny w prozie Wiesława Myśliwskiego. Próba oznaczenia miejsca antropologicznego. Wprowadzenie

Author(s): Wiesław Setlak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Jak Myśliwski myśli o kobietach?

Author(s): Bogumiła Kaniewska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Ona w prozie Wiesława Myśliwskiego

Author(s): Marzena Boniecka / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Historie drugoplanowe, historie kobiece. Między wykluczeniem a empatią

Author(s): Karolina Wawer / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Nie (do) wiara. Horyzonty religijne w prozie Wiesława Myśliwskiego

Author(s): Krystian Węgrzynek / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Pisanie o zwierzętach u Wiesława Myśliwskiego – esej polemiczny

Author(s): Piotr Zając / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Motywy dendrologiczne w powieściach Wiesława Myśliwskiego – ujęcie językoznawcze

Author(s): Wojciech Kuska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Adaptacje prozy powieściowej Wiesława Myśliwskiego w teatrze polskim (krótko i węzłowato)

Author(s): Jan Ciechowicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0