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Полицията в модерното общество: Необходимата реформа в България

Author(s): Chavdar Chervenkov,Boyko Slavchev,Veselin Vuchkov / Language(s): Bulgarian

The issues of security and rule of law are central for the development of societies and their prosperity. The level of security provided by the state is an important prerequisite for the quantity and quality of investments coming into the economy. The personal safety of citizens frees and energizes their creative capabilities. Establishing the rule of law will factor in significantly for the rise of trust in Bulgaria on the international scene, and particularly among its partners from the European Union. The police guarantees the security and public order in the country. By law it is obligated to counteract crime and protect citizens’ rights and freedoms, to preserve their life, health and property. A few of the Bulgarian policemen continue to work and live with the understanding of being part of a power structure, established to exercise mainly repressive functions. These views are being shared to a great extent by the political class and by society as a whole. This is not the case with developed democracies, in which police is perceived as a state authority designed and bound to provide citizens with security services.

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Novo maloljetničko krivično zakonodavstvo Bosne i Hercegovine

Author(s): Rialda Ćorović / Language(s): Bosnian

Razvoj savremenog koncepta restorativne pravde smatra se jednim od najznačajnijih savremenih krivičnopravnih dostignuća. Restorativna pravda se može okarakterisati kao konstruktivan odgovor na kriminalitet u kome težište reakcije nije na kažnjavanju učinioca i odmazdi, već na naknadi štete i popravljanju odnosa narušenih krivičnim djelom. Restorativna pravda je pristup koji društveno neprihvatljiva ponašanja posmatra i na njih reaguje na fundamentalno drugačiji način u odnosu na tradicionalni retributivni krivičnopravni sistem reagovanja. Model restorativne pravde širom svijeta postojano zadobiva sve veći kredibilitet kao moćna alternativa tradicionalnim odgovorima na krivična djela. Počev od 1998. godine, izmjenama krivičnog zakonodavstva i u našem krivičnopravnom sistemu se počinju prepoznavati idejni uticaji modela restorativne pravde. To predstavlja pozitivan korak u procesu reforme krivičnopravnog sistema Bosne i Hercegovine i njegovog usklađivanja sa relevantnim međunarodnim standardima. Međutim, u našem krivičnopravnom sistemu restorativna pravda se posmatra, prije svega, kao oblik reagovanja na kriminalitet maloljetnika, i to onih koji su učinili lakše krivično djelo, dok je, bar za sada, zanemaren značaj reagovanja mehanizmima restorativnog karaktera u slučaju činjenja težih krivičnih djela od strane maloljetnika i u slučaju punoljetnih učinilaca krivičnih djela. Predmet ove analize je prikaz zastupljenosti elemenata restorativne pravde u novom maloljetničkom krivičnom zakonodavstvu Bosne i Hercegovine. U tom smislu, ukazat ću na mjere koje predstavljaju alternative pokretanju krivičnog postupka prema maloljetnim učiniocima krivičnih djela, odnosno skretanje (diverziju) sa istog, ali prije toga na međunarodne standarde koji predstavljaju uporište za njihovu primjenu. Uz to ću, također, sagledati i primjere dobre prakse korištenja modela restorativne pravde u uporednopravnim krivičnim sistemima, kao i implementaciju alternativnih mjera u krivičnopravnoj praksi Bosne i Hercegovine. U završnom dijelu analize dat ću određene preporuke koje bi, po mom mišljenju, trebalo što hitnije provesti.

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Analiza realizacije Projekta izgradnje Državnog zatvora

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian

U februaru 2010. godine pet partnerskih organizacija civilnog društva potpisale su Memorandum o uspostavi mehanizama za praćenje i ocjenu provođenja Akcionog plana Strategije za reformu sektora pravde u Bosni i Hercegovini (SRSP-a) sa predsjedavajućim Konferencije ministara pravde u BiH i predsjednikom Visokog sudskog i tužilačkog vijeća BiH i Pravosudne komisije Distrikta Brčko BiH. Uspostavljeni mehanizam je jedinstven ne samo u BiH, već i u zemljama u okruženju, te se kao takav oslanja na najbolje prakse demokratskih društava zapadne Evrope u pogledu participativnog monitoringa i evaluacije javnih politika od strane organizacija civilnog društva. Pet organizacija civilnog društva potpisnica Memoranduma koje su se obavezale na provođenje sistematskog praćenja, ocjene i izvještavanja o provedbi reformskih mjera i aktivnosti Akcionog plana Strategije za reformu sektora pravde u BiH, su Asocijacija za demokratske inicijative - ADI, Helsinški komitet za ljudska prava u Bosni i Hercegovini - HK BiH, Udruženje „Vaša prava Bosne i Hercegovine“, Biro za ljudska prava Tuzla i Centri civilnih inicijativa – CCI.

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Prisons in Serbia (April 2005 – April 2006)

Author(s): Marija Jelić,Gordana Lukić-Samardžija,Marijana Obradović,Zorana Marković / Language(s): English

This publication is the output of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia’s activity over the third year of the implementation of the project “Prevention of Torture: Support to the Rehabilitation of Victims of Torture” realized with the assistance of the European Commission – European Initiative for Democracy and Human Rights. Apart from the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights in Serbia, this three-year project includes Bulgarian, Hungarian, Macedonian, Polish and Russian Helsinki committees, as well as the International Helsinki Federation. At regional level, the project aims at preventing torture, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in detention facilities (police stations, prisons, psychiatric institutions, etc.), encouraging non-governmental organizations to monitor overall conditions in these institutions and at exerting pressure on national governments to make it possible for the nongovernmental sector to conduct these fact-finding missions. [...]

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№76 Europe’s most wanted? Recalibrating Trust in the European Arrest Warrant System

Author(s): Nicholas Hernanz,Elspeth Guild,Sergio Carrera / Language(s): English

This paper assesses the uses and misuses in the application of the European Arrest Warrant (EAW) system in the European Union. It examines the main quantitative results of this extradition system achieved between 2005 and 2011 on the basis of the existing statistical knowledge on its implementation at EU official levels. The EAW has been anchored in a high level of ‘mutual trust’ between the participating states’ criminal justice regimes and authorities.

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Towards Common Standards on Rights of Suspected and Accused Persons in Criminal Proceedings in the EU?

Author(s): Mar Jimeno-Bulnes / Language(s): English

The Swedish Presidency of the EU presented in July 2009 a new Road map with a view tofostering protection of suspected and accused persons in criminal proceedings in the Union. The Road map set out its vision to foster the right to a fair trial in criminal proceedings across the EU. The same Presidency also presented a Draft Resolution on 31 July 2009 outlining the grounds and content of the Road map, which was adopted by the Council on the 30 November 2009. Its aim was to invite the European Commission to submit new legislative proposals covering the measures included in the Roadmap, and in this way overcome the obstacles encountered by a previous Commission initiative of 2004 on certain procedural rights incriminal proceedings throughout the EU.

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Policing Migrants in Transit and Upon Arrival: The Bordering Tactic of Integration in Austria and Germany

Author(s): Olivia Johnson / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Since 2015, over a million refugees have crossed into Europe. While small in comparison to other places, this number has had a tremendous impact on the policies governing Europe’s borders. This attention is in part owing to the growing nationalistic sentiments in Europe and anti-immigrant rhetoric. This piece is a critical look at the consequences of a shared asylum policy for refugees in Europe. Although asylum policy is widely reported to be rooted in humanitarian ideals, I argue that EU asylum policies expand systems of incarceration through heightened surveillance, detention and physical barriers to accessing asylum. In part one of this article, I look at how integration processes purposefully restrict asylum seekers to the periphery of the state. I then explicitly look at the resources available to asylum seekers and how lack of access to the labor market keeps asylum seekers to the margins of society. In part three I argue that this liminality is a tool used to facilitate the smooth deportation of unworthy asylum claimants. Using the case of integration in Austria and Germany, I explore how asylum seekers are kept to the margins, why they are marginalized and the larger implications of this marginalization in relation to the carceral state.

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Zabrana i ograničenje kretanja: krivično djelo ili prekršaj?

Author(s): Igor Cimeša / Language(s): Bosnian

Since the introduction of the prohibition and restriction of movement in Republic of Srpska, institutions having jurisdiction over criminal prosecution are faced with the question whether the violation of this prohibition constitutes the criminal offence of Non-compliance with Health Regulations during an Epidemic under Article 195 of the Criminal Code of Republic of Srpska or does it constitute the minor offence under Article 22 of the Law on Public Peace and Order of Republic of Srpska. After the introduction, this paper gives an overview of the elements of the criminal offence under Article 195 of the Criminal Code of Republic of Srpska. Further, the paper analyses whether the decision on prohibition and restriction of movement which is currently in force in Republic of Srpska represents a health measure - a measure for combating and prevention of spreading an epidemic of contagious diseases and it analyses the legal framework in Republic of Srpska in terms of measures for combating and preventing spreading of contagious diseases. The paper also provides an analyses of provisions of Article 43(2)(1) of the Law on Protection of Citizens of Contagious Diseases which prescribes restriction of movement as an extraordinary measure for combating and prevention of contagious diseases. Finally, the paper summarizes the presented arguments that violation of prohibition and restriction of movement may constitute the criminal offence under Article 195 of the Criminal Code of Republic of Srpska.

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Russian Positions on Syria and Syrian Kurds

Author(s): Konstantin Truevtsev / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Russian foreign policy initially did not place a high priority on the issue of Syrian Kurdistan. Relations on the governmental level with Iran, Turkey,Iraq, and Assad‘s Syria overshadowed this issue that remained extremely marginal until 2011 despite the Kurdish ties of the long-time leader of the Syrian Communist Party, Khaled Bakdash.

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Zakonska podloga za sankcioniranje govora mržnje - devedesetih i danas

Author(s): Maja Munivrana Vajda / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

''Govor mržnje'' u posljednjih dvadesetak godina u hrvatskom je društvu sveprisutan. Narativ diskriminacije, netolerancije i nasilja u pravilu eskalira za vrijeme rata i u tranziciji pa ne čudi što je to bio slučaj i u Hrvatskoj, no izjave poput one ''Srbe na vrbe'' i danas se nažalost dočekuju bez adekvatne društvene reakcije, a katkad i s određenom dozom razumijevanja i simpatiziranja. Tako je primjerice dio javnosti blagonaklono, štoviše kao zabavne, dočekao nedavne medijske istupe Zdravka Mamića i izjave poput: ''Srbin ne može voditi najvažniji resor u Hrvatskoj'' i ''...zamislite da čovjek koji je Srbin… može biti ministar najvažnijeg resora u državi… I onda daš takvu odgovornost čovjeku bez ikakvog iskustva i s takvom hrvatomržnjom''.

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Video link kao novi preki sud

Author(s): Sofija Mandić / Language(s): Serbian

U želji da ubrza kažnjavanje za nepostupanje po zdravstvenim propisima za vreme epidemije, Ministarstvo pravde je pokrenulo lavinu kojoj se ne nazire kraj. Naime, 26. marta Ministarstvo pravde je sudovima uputilo preporuku da prvostepene postupke protiv okrivljenih, za koje se sumnja da krše epidemiološke propise, sprovedu putem video linka. Drugim rečima, da prisustvo okrivljenog na suđenju zamene njegovim virtuelnim prisustvom.

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Beskućnici i legitimitet

Author(s): Miloš V. Janković / Language(s): Serbian

Ako se neko pitao kako bi postupila policija kada bi ga zatekla na ulici između 20 i 5, dobio je odgovor na video snimku iz Knez Mihajlove na kome se vidi kako dva policajca tuku čoveka koji je prekršio policijski čas. Na stranu sad opaske nekih komentatora o besmislenosti ove mere „kao da korona virus ima radno vreme“, ali ne mogu da se oslobodim pitanja o tome šta će biti sa beskućnicima.

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Inside Ukraine, № 2014 - 41 (Special Issue )

Author(s): Iaroslav Kovalchuk,Vasyl Povoroznyk,Angela Bochi,Anatoliy Oktysiuk,Olena Zakharova,Volodymyr Prytula,Vasyl Filipchuk,Nataliia V. Slobodian / Language(s): English

Reforms: A Final Countdown // Constitutional reform // Anticorruption reform // Public administration reform // Judicial reform // Georgia’s experience in judicial reform // Police reform // MOI reform in Georgia // Deregulation reform // Tax reform // Energy reform

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Ponovno čitanje i analiza presuda nasilja u porodici u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Studija ima nesumnjivu edukativnu vrijednost jer na primjerima pokazuje koliko kulturološke matrice i rodna nejednakost utječu na pravno i sudsko tretiranje fenomena nasilja u porodici. Autori i autorice su feminističkim čitanjem presuda i analizom okolnosti svakog slučaja osvijetlili razumijevanje pravnih normi u specifičnom kulturnom kontekstu u kojem norme djeluju. U analizi je posvećena pažnja samoj normi i njenom tumačenju, analizi šireg porodičnog konteksta i odnosa počinitelj - žrtva, vjerodostojnosti iskaza koje je sud cijenio u konkretnim slučajevima, pristupu iskustvima koja imaju počinitelj/žrtva u ispoljavanju oblika nasilja tako da se u rezultatu dobiva dublji uvid u društveni fenomen nasilja i sudski odnos prema ovom fenomenu. …Ova studija analizom konteksta, percepcije, jezika i rodnih uloga pokazuje bolni presjek u krugu intimnih odnosa opterećenih nasiljem. Ako nije lagano štivo za čitanje, onda je neophodna literatura u obrazovanju osoba koje sudjeluju u čitavom procesu koji tretira nasilje u porodici. Potrebna je akademskoj zajednici, stručnoj zajednici, kreatorima politika i nosiocima pravosudnih funkcija. Pojednostavljeno rečeno, ova studija je lektira za stvaraoca prava, za one koje pravo štiti, pa do onih koji primjenjuju i tumače pravo u njegovoj primjeni.

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Goli otok - Kratak vodič kroz povijest logora na Golom otoku

Author(s): Martin Previšić,Boris Stamenić,Vladi Bralić / Language(s): Croatian

Goli otok je mjesto obilježeno represijom jugoslavenskog komunističkog režima nad tisućama pojedinaca koji su na otoku bili zatočeni. Negostoljubivi i nenaseljeni otok između Raba i Senja predstavlja jedno od simbolički najvažnijih mjesta u suvremenoj povijesti Hrvatske, odnosno bivše Jugoslavije. No od nekadašnjeg logora, kasnije zatvora na Golom otoku, ostale su tek derutne i devastirane zgrade po kojima zimi pasu ovce, a ljeti šetaju turisti u potrazi za iskustvom “jadranskog Alcatraza” koje im prodaju turističke agencije i lokalni brodari. Iako su za Goli otok gotovi svi u Hrvatskoj čuli, rijetki o njemu mogu reći više od nekoliko smislenih rečenica. Jedan od važnijih razloga ovog nesrazmjera je i donedavni manjak širokoobuhvatnih znanstvenih istraživanja Golog otoka. Objavom knjige “Povijest Golog otoka” dr. Martina Previšića početkom 2019. godine učinjen je veliki iskorak u znanstvenom istraživanju ove važne teme. No Previšićeva knjiga od šestotinjak stranica svojim opsegom uvelike nadilazi potrebe za informiranjem prosječnog posjetitelja, odnosno šire javnosti.

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Krivična djela počinjena iz mržnje: izazovi reguliranja i procesuiranja u BiH

Author(s): / Language(s): Bosnian

Ovaj zbornik je nastao kao rezultat projekta “Procesuiranje mržnje: prema usvajanju i implementaciji najboljih standarda i praksi Evropske unije u borbi protiv krivičnih djela počinjenih iz mržnje u BiH”, koji implementiraju Udruženje tužilaca Federacije BiH i Analitika – Centar za društvena istraživanja, a uz podršku Ambasade Kraljevine Norveške u BiH.

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Pravosuđe i sud javnosti

Author(s): / Language(s): Montenegrine

Odnos pravosuđa i javnosti u Crnoj Gori je ogledalo suštine demokratskih procesa i kapaciteta crnogorskog društva, posebno u dijelu borbe protiv korupcije i organizovanog kriminala. Upravo u unaprijeđenju tog odnosa i u doprinosu smanjenju nivoa korupcije u Crnoj Gori kroz njeno efikasno procesuiranje značajno može pomoći komunikacija i saradnja pravosudnih organa i organizacija civilnog društva. Stoga je Centar za građansko obrazovanje (CGO), uvažavajući i sve dosadašnje napore praćenja suđenja, cijenio da je posebno bitno osvrnuti se na procesuiranje slučajeva korupcije, kako kroz postojeći zakonodavni okvir i mogućnosti institucija sistema, tako I kroz obradu ovakvih slučajeva ili indicija o takvim slučajevima u medijima, u uvjerenju da kroz jednu procjenu situacije može biti koristan korektiv i partner svim stranama, a sve u cilju borbe protiv korupcije, kao jedne od najvećih prepreka uspostavljanju vladavine prava, razvoju crnogorskog društva i usvajanju najboljih evropskih standarda i praksi.

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Králové Šumavy

Author(s): Pavel Fencl,Martin Tichý,Markéta Doležalová ,Libor Svoboda,Václav Veber,Petr Blažek,Petr Mallota,Martin Jindra / Language(s): Czech,German

The twenty-panel exhibition recalls the activities of couriers and smugglers who, in the western Šumava region, risked their lives to help Czechoslovak citizens on their way to the free world. The Iron Curtain: post-war Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. Czechs running for freedom tried to overcome this guarded space by various means. The luckier ones succeeded, others were detained or killed. What did the border guard look like? What is the balance sheet of the iron curtain? Detention and investigative methods: the State Security became a powerful support of the communist regime, which participated in mass lawlessness, persecution and repression. She followed real opponents of the regime, but also produced them herself. What methods did she use? Did she treat women better than men? Prison: the StB secret prison in Wintrová Street in Prague was used to extract intelligence from arrested couriers and their own associates.

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The Forced Landing and Arrest of Raman Pratasevich

Author(s): Anna Maria Dyner / Language(s): English

On 23 May, the Belarusian authorities forced a passenger plane registered in Poland to land in Minsk. The plan was in Belarusian airspace, but flying from Athens to Vilnius. Among the passengers was Raman Pratasevich, the co-founder of the opposition news portal Nexta, who was arrested after landing. In Belarus, he is accused of conducting terrorist activities, for which he may face the death penalty.

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ЕВРОПСКЕ ЖАНДАРМЕРИЈСКЕ СНАГЕ: САВРЕМЕНИ ОБЛИК ПОЛИЦИЈСКЕ САРАДЊЕ И ДЕЛОВАЊА

Author(s): Aleksandar Jazić,Obrad M. Stevanović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

A significant factor in the implementation of the security policy of the European Union (EU) is the European Gendarmerie Force. The treaty under which these forces were established has special legal significance. Global threats affecting the EU are forcing it to become more involved in their resolution. The European Gendarmerie Force is very important for the EU because it has integrated civilian and military capacities. This is one of the key requirements for successful participation in resolving current global problems. Within the European Gendarmerie Force, full membership is currently reserved only for gendarmerie forces from EU countries. Gendarmerie forces from other countries may have partner or observer status. The European Gendarmerie Force is one of the EU's "hard power" tools. This kind of power allows the EU to be visible in various conflicts and crises around the world. This visibility implies concrete EU actions on the ground. In certain missions, which are very complex, the EU has already started to engage the European Gendarmerie Force, so it can be assumed that these forces will increasingly be engaged around the world. Through the European Gendarmerie Force, the EU demonstrates its strength and asserts itself as a global actor in resolving conflicts and crises.

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