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Polscy akcjoniści. Przyczynek do genealogii i teorii polskiej sztuki krytycznej

Author(s): Marcin Kościelniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

Karol Sienkiewicz’s book Zatańczą ci, co drżeli [Those Who Trembled Shall Dance] has revived the debate on the genealogy of Polish critical art. Kościelniak enters into the conversation by placing two dramatic works within this framework, namely Tadeusz Różewicz’s Do piachu [Into the Sand] and Helmut Kajzar’s Koniec półświni [The End of the Half-Pig]. He argues that there is structural and political similarity with the Viennese Actionists – the pioneers of critical art. Kościelniak grounds his interpretation of Różewicz and Kajza in Julia Kristeva’s theory of the abject. Addressing the fact that art of the abject tends to be automatically associated with critical art, Kościelniak discusses the limits of art’s critical function.

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Śledztwo w osnowie stereotypu, legendy i przemilczenia, Wątki żydowskie w polskich współczesnych powieściach sensacyjnych

Author(s): Robert Więckowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2015

The authors of contemporary Polish crime stories frequently use the threads connected with the history of Polish-Jewish relationships, which are full of stereotypes, legends and concealments. This arouses the authors’ interest and makes them write the most intriguing novels. In my article I analyze such solutions used by three Polish crime story authors in some of their novels. The critical assessment concerns both the ways of coping with the stereotypes and the significance, which, in social perception, may be attributed to the fact of working out in crime stories the legends and concealments from Polish-Jewish history.

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TEXTUL LITERAR ȘI ECRANIZAREA – FIDELITATE ȘI ECHIVALENȚĂ

Author(s): Maria Cătălina Radu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2013

This article aims at presenting the transposition of the literary work in the film, identifying the common elements between these two arts, as well as the incompatibility of these two semiotic systems. One of the main aspects of this article is the problem of the fidelity of adaptation in relation to the literary source. From this problematic, I developed the central theme of the article - the impossibility of finding a perfect equivalence between the text and the image. However, on the basis of this relation of equivalence and fidelity, I have analyzed the similarities between the process of adaptation and that of translation. The conclusion of this article is that literature and cinema are two different systems, two distinct arts, but similar in originality.

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Театърът на Радко Радков. История, памет, интерпретации. Теофанó

Author(s): Galia Simeonova-Konach / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The article is dedicated to the problems of historical drama, one of the ways of interpreting the past. The study is placed in the context of the sociology of culture and the historical memory of society, with a focus on the transposition and the symbolical representation of the history of Byzantium and the Second Bulgarian Kingdom (1181 – 1396) in literature. The subject of the analysis are the works of the Bulgarian poet and playwright Radko Radkov (1940 – 2009), above all his play Theophano, written in the convention of classical drama in verse and the so-called ritual drama, according to the title of the author, a synthesis of text borrowed from Old Bulgarian Literature, and Byzantine hymnograohy, inspired visually by the images of the Middle Age Miniatures included in Codex Vaticanus Slav II. The historical theme in the work of Radko Radkov is substantially different from the interpretation of the Bulgarian history of other Bulgarian writers of the second half of the 20th Century, by which the author is opposing the ideological constructs of the official authorities during this period. The playwright has found semiotic and stylistic devices that recreate the classical past of the people, the orthodox Christianity and culture in the universal perspective of the Byzantine Commonwealth, and artistically voice his historiosophic views concerning Bulgarian national history and the Byzantine-Bulgarian cultural community. The paper analyses the tribulations of the performance of Theophano, staged in Bulgaria by the French Director Pierre Della Torre, who sees in the poetic world of Radko Radkov “the monumental force of the masters of French theatre, Racine and Corneille“.

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Dwu(wielo)języczny teatr w zglobelizowanym kontekście brytyjskim, czyli o różnych stylach dramatu migracyjno-transkulturowego

Author(s): Elwira Grossman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Focusing on selected bi(multi)lingual plays recently performed in the UK, the essay deals with the broader theme of intercultural communication and Polish migrants’ contribution to the local target culture. Grossman examines the possibility of creating a new transcultural form of theatre as an artistic means of facilitating mutual understanding and intercultural experiences. She suggests replacing the question of artistic merit by the shows’ function in reinforcing intercultural dialogue. The performances discussed are shown not only to strengthen the migrants’ integration but also to secure their feeling of emotional and cosmopolitan belonging to a globalized world without undermining their sense of human dignity and their belief in social equality.

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Българският модернизъм за англоезични читатели

Author(s): Maria Ruseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Bulgarian modernism, edited by Stefana Roussenova, translated by Julia Stefanova and Stefana Roussenova, Polis, Sofia, 2017. Authors: Svetlozar Igov, Madeleine Danova, Svetlana Stoicheva, Bilyana Borisova, Magdalena Panayotova, Dina Mantcheva, Elizaria Ruskova, Giuseppe del’ Agata, Vladimir Yanev, Julia Stefanova, Chavdar Mutafov, Juliana Alexieva. Appendix: poetry by Pencho Slaveikov, Peyo Yavorov, Dimcho Debelyanov, Geo Milev, Nikola Vaptsarov, Atanas Dalchev.

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Quatre littératures - un seul symbolisme

Author(s): Roumiana L. Stantcheva / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2018

Сomptes rendus: Dina Mantcheva. La Dramaturgie symboliste de l’Ouest à l’Esteuropéen. L’Harmattan, 2013. [Дина Манчева. Символистичната драматургия от Запада до Изтока на Европа / Symbolist drama from Western to Eastern Europe]

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LES OUBLIS DE L’HISTOIRE LITTÉRAIRE ROUMAINE : LA POÉSIE DE GUERRE

Author(s): Corina Croitoru / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

Forgotten Issues of Romanian Literary History: War Poetry. Having as a starting point a general reflection on the belonging of Romanian literature to a cultural geography constantly conditioned by history, this study aims to question the reasons why Romanian poetry of the Great War represents for over a century a taboo subject of Romanian literary history, contrary to tendencies in international literary history.

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GOETHE AND HIS FOLLOWERS: WELTLITERATUR AND ITS AFTERLIVES

Author(s): Leena Eilittä / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Goethe and his Followers: Weltliteratur and its Afterlives. Goethe´s Weltliteratur, which recalls cosmopolitan ideas of the 18th century, drew attention to literature´s multicultural role in the international exchange and networks. His ideas were developed by subsequent scholars who reflected upon the importance of translations, literatures belonging to small nations, and putting in contact local and global aspects in their discussions about literary studies. Hugo Meltzl emphasized multilingualism for development of literary studies; Georg Brandes drew attention to the importance of small literatures; and Fritz Strich proclaimed that world literature should challenge the Eurocentric notion of literary studies.

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FROM CLOSE TO DISTANT READING OF 100 ROMANIAN NOVELS FROM 1850 TO 1920

Author(s): Luiza Marinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

From Close to Distant Reading of 100 Romanian Novels from 1850 to 1920. In Romania, among the academic personalities, Solomon Marcus (b. the 1st of March 1925, Bacău – d. the 17th of March 2016, Bucharest) was perhaps the only one who happily combined linguistics and mathematics, being known in the Romanian philological environment especially for Lingvistica matematică [Mathematical Linguistic], Modele matematice în lingvistică [Mathematical Models in Linguistics], 1963, 1966, and Poetica matematică [Mathematical Poetics], in 1970, and in the international scientific field for numerous translation and also for numerous papers published in prestigious publishing houses in Paris, New York and Bologna. Grounded in the Distant reading paradigm (i.e. using digital humanities in analyzing large collection of literary texts) the paper, From close and to distant reading of Romanian novels from 1850 to 1920 provides a historical classification of texts in order to be included in a multilingual European Literary text Collection (ELTeC), permitting to test methods and compare results across national traditions and consider the consequences of such resources and methods for rethinking fundamental concepts in literary history. The paper is following main ideas in relation with the consequences of an absent research field in Romanian academic studies, digital humanities: Close and distant reading in digital humanities: Romanian literature case from 1850 to 1920; Romanian literary history and ways of transnational knowledge through Distant Reading of literary facts: 100 Romanian novels from 1850 to 1920; Transnational redefinition of periods in national history through a literary species: the novel; The problem of "translation / export" of national literary histories.

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BEYOND THE HISTORY OF A LITERARY GENRE: THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ROMANAIN MEMORY WRITING

Author(s): Doris Mironescu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Beyond the History of a Literary Genre: The Encyclopedia of Romanian Memory Writing. The paper presents the theoretical frame of the research project The Encyclopedia of Romanian Memory Writing, currently being developed at the “A. Philippide” Institute for Romanian Philology. This encyclopedia joins other recent projects, such as literary dictionaries, in an effort to construct an alternative approach to the (national) literary history by subverting the (legitimizing) causal narration. It will include canonical texts, memoirists, various categories of title-articles, but also a set of operative concepts that allow for a definition of memoir-writing starting from the psychological, philosophical and anthropological implications of memory. By indexing literary phenomena in an encyclopedic manner, the textual corpora of Romanian literature may be described and analyzed in a transnational, comparative and interdisciplinary manner.

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LIRE LE SOCIAL DANS LA DÉNÉGATION. SUR LES POSSIBILITÉS D’UNE SOCIOLECTURE DU LITTÉRAIRE

Author(s): Magda Răduță / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

Looking for the Denegation. Possibilities of Reading the Social Reality in Literature. Despite a disciplinary history filled with embarrassing determinisms, the sociology of literature still tries to overcome al methodological obstacles, by proposing a mediate reading between the literary work and its socio-historical conditions. The present paper examines two recent examples of this mediate reading: Pierre Bourdieu’s homological model between the author’s position in the literary field and its literary production, respectively Jacques Rancière’s argument for an internal literary structure capable of self-explaining. Irreconcilably different, these two readings present nonetheless a common effort: both of them look for the categories of denegation – unintentional textual structures and silent style choices caused by the author’s habitus and by the social practices and constraints.

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FOLKLORE ARCHIVES – WITNESSES OF THE HISTORY OF ETHNOLOGICAL STUDIES

Author(s): Eleonora Sava / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Folklore archives – witnesses of the history of ethnological studies. This study proposes a rereading of the documents kept in a folklore archive from Romania, with a focus on the methods used by those who drafted and archived these documents. The research demonstrates that, in the absence of testimonies regarding the manner in which fieldwork was conducted, the documents of the archive can provide valuable information on the field research and the vision on folklore of several generations of researchers. Thus, archives of folklore are seen as witnesses of the history of ethnology.

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Statecraft, Exception and Wasted Lives Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide

Author(s): Binayak Roy / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

One of the reasons why Amitav Ghosh is considered an important writer is that his narratives do not occupy a “neutral” zone. Rather, they offer a sensitive and multifaceted view on the contemporary problems of the worlds he writes about. Ghosh seems to be intent on moving his readers through his narratives beyond the aesthetic of indifference. Ghosh’s first commitment is to his art.

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Добруджа в изследванията на Ищван Дьорфи

Author(s): Veneta Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The report examines poorly known testimonies of Dobrudzha and its ethnic characteristics, collected by the Hungarian ethnographer Györfi István (1916). They correspond to the trend in the then Hungarian science of exploring „related Turan peoples“. Today they can be considered as a beginning of a more targeted and systematic knowledge of Hungarian society about the Bulgarian province. These publications are a good basis for forming certain ideas about the Bulgarian territories and for enhancing their research interest.

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W cieniu gilotyny. O estetycznych, obyczajowych i społecznych uwarunkowaniach powstania melodramatu

Author(s): Tomasz Wysłobocki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 11/2020

The main goal of the article is to inscribe the formation, at the turn of the 18th century, of the melodrama in a broader context in order to show that the creation of this dramatic genre was not a result of one man’s talent or pure coincidence but actually a result of the historical process and numerous social and aesthetic tendencies that had been influencing the French theatre over previous decades. All these transformations that would eventually get compounded into melodrama, appearing throughout the century, have been observed and commented on, demonstrating once again that theatre is a never-ending story of making and becoming.

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Nature and Environment in William Wordsworth’s Selected Poems: An Eco-critical Approach

Author(s): Hassan Mariwan N. / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2020

In recent years, studying connections between the human being and environment along with nature has been looked at as a topic of significant value for literary researchers. Thus, the emergence of eco-critical approach in the countries, which use English as their first language, holds the first position in this respect. This harmony of the two has been discussed for a while in world literature. This research studies literature review and pinpoints the positive view been presented by looking at eco-criticism. The methods used are textual analysis approach and eco-critical approach. The major points of this study are to investigate the main theme and shed light on it and the way William Wordsworth used his writings to protect the environment from destructions and the writer used eco-criticism or ecology in his works in his time. The environment and ecology in William Wordsworth’s poems are the two things which have been dealt with because poems can serve human beings and make them aware of protecting the environment from pollution. This research consists of several essential points about the literature and nature as well as ecology. Besides, the paper presents an introduction about Englandin the nineteenth century, romanticism, and characteristics of romanticism as these are interrelated with eco-criticism.

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Ryszard II

Author(s): William Shakespeare / Language(s): Polish

Exquisite, fluent and precise translation by Piotr Kamiński, accompanied by an incisive preface and commentary by Anna Cetera-Włodarczyk, with a beautiful book design by Maciej Buszewicz. The edition is equipped with footnotes, the list of Polish translations and productions of "Richard II". "Richard II" tells a story about the consequences of political pragmatism which endows secular authority with religious sanction thereby postulating its inviolability. This new variant of classical hubris soon proves as destructive as its ancient equivalents. (The Preface)

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TYRANNY IN RICHARD III. A JUNGIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH TO ITS AETIOLOGY AND PSYCHOGENESIS

Author(s): Emilian Tîrban / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

“Richard III” has fascinated the world of theatre and the intellectual endeavour of literary criticism for centuries by displaying Shakespeare's intemperate interest in portraying the tyrant’s psychology. To locate the psychogenesis and aetiological elements that influenced the protagonist's violent ambitions, the present article will focus on psychoanalytic interpretations of Richard III's psyche emphasising the underlying tyrannical propensity of his behaviour and environmental causes. As a result, this article will also look at the collective shortcomings portrayed in the play, such as the family and community's failure to accept responsibility for fostering tyrannical behavioural patterns in Richard. Given Richard's centrality and the play's minute investigations into the workings of a tyrant's mind, this article aims to present an interpretation of Shakespeare's first attempt at portraying the (psycho)genesis and demise of a tyrant concerning his later tragedies. Occasional comparisons might show how Shakespeare's portrayal of the psyche's tortuous development in tragedy has evolved from 1592-3, the years “Richard III” was written and first performed (Bloom “Invention” xv), into the "tragic period" (Bradley 84) of 1600-1606 (with “Hamlet”, “King Lear”, and “Macbeth” especially). Investigating Richard's descent from psychic integrity to psychic atrophy will best demonstrate Shakespeare's early attempt to depict a tyrant’s mental cosmetics by focusing on the Marlovian overabundances of character that make Richard III such a puzzling figure. This article shows how Richard is psychologically different from Shakespeare's later tragic protagonists, whose psyches are partly accessible to them, but are tapped into to an eventually fatal effect.

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EUGENE IONESCO’S LESSON- A CRITICAL APPROACH TO TOTALITARIANISM IN THE XXTH CENTURY

Author(s): Paul-Cristian Albu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The purpose of the paper is to offer a panoramic view of a critical approach to totalitarianism in the past century. I am interested in observing how the French-Romanian writer manages to vituperate Fascism and Communism in a century where the Second World War appeared to destroy the lives of ordinary people. Also, I am interested in discussing how people can be foolish because authoritarian dirigents want to impose their point of view in a world where peace and fraternity are dominant. I will consider using the technique of close reading Eugene Ionesco’s masterpiece Lesson and heteroclite books to reflect in which way it is sought to express the idea of the necessity of democracy in a disparate universe. The creative use of language will be regarded as a means to make visible the new paradigm of fraternity can be understood by the readers in contemporaneity.

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