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Currently in developed countries there is growth of initiatives which are aimed to reconnect farmers and consumers whose relationships in the last century became as distant and detached as they had never been before (due to industrial food production, centralization of the market, etc.). The state-of-art and recent trends in agricultural production, distribution and consumption in Russia, and St. Petersburg in particular, are analyzed in the article (mainly from the prospective of supply and demand for local products). The aim of the paper is to understand whether the current conditions are favorable towards development of such reconnection initiatives, which in the western literature are most frequently referred to as “short food supply chains” (or “alternative food networks”).
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This paper investigates the managerial interpretation of the terms “error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in relation to the evasion or negligence observed in administering occupational health and safety (OHS) provisions in the apparel manufacturing sector of Bangladesh. The research is qualitative in nature and follows an interpretivist paradigm. The questionnaire responses were collected from 20 mid- and top-level managers from 10 large apparel manufacturing factories located on the outskirts of Dhaka. The research reveals that all of the respondents have adequate knowledge about the relevant OHS provisions and safety protocols imposed on them by the local government and the global supply chain. They believe that the correct administration of the OHS provisions will reduce workplace accidents effectively. The research unfolds that the respondents interpret in different ways the terms "error of judgement” and “white-collar crime” in association with OHS negligence and evasion. Although empirical evidence shows that this type of negligence and evasion are considered as white-collar crime and punishable, most of the respondents in this research do not subscribe to this notion and alternatively believe that it is an “error of judgement” and therefore non-punishable.
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Conflicts are a part of daily life that people encounter at home, work, and in organizations. It is evident that organizational conflicts are becoming more complex. In this respect, it is important for senior executives not to disregard these conflicts and involve public relations professionals in the conflict management processes. Hence, it is expected that public relations professionals become participants in the strategic planning process and that senior management relies on their experience and talents during the strategic planning process of organizations and resolution of issues. Another definition of public relations has emerged over the past years, even though the recent definitions of public relations focus on developing mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics. Glen T. Cameron from University of Missouri defines public relations as management of conflict and competition strategically for the benefit of one’s own organization and, if possible, mutual benefit of organizations and individuals. It is impossible to disregard the influence of public relations professionals on managing the conflicts between an organization and its peers, and hence it is important to conduct further research on their approach to conflict management. With this motive, research questions have been generated based on the data presented by Professor Kenneth Plowman as a result of his analysis of strategic management of public relations in conflict management. Using the semi-structured interview technique, public relations professionals in Turkey were asked to describe their approach to conflict management.
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The definition of beauty in the 21st century, which comes from advertising and art, has become a critical contribution to the attempt to analyse some artistic actions and events which make use of popular culture reconstructing the social reality as well as building a different semantic perspective. The postmodern body has been commodified, offered for sale, or has become an icon presenting current cultural, medical or aesthetic trends and canons. In our speech we would like to study the critical art discourse centered around a disagreement with the universally applicable carnality image of a woman whose body is subjected to aesthetic restrictions and repressed by a beauty myth of victimization. The body becomes a tool serving the interests of large marketing corporations which, by creating an artificial myth of the beauty of a female body, shape it according to their own preferred framework. Starting from the philosophical and emancipatory reflection, we aim to show in this article that the body in culture is presented according to the prevailing discourse of power. Finally, we will try to mention the importance of corporeality in the world media, where it often becomes objectified.
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With the developing marketing understanding, the advertisements have become one of the necessary communication tools today. The advertisements are offered to increase sales and encourage positive attitudes and behaviors of target audience in favor of the businesses, brands and products. In addition, some principles should be considered when designing advertisements. It is inevitable that especially a wrong message to be given in the advertisement for brand or product or a commercial campaign that will contradict with the moral understanding of the society would affect negatively the trust of consumers in brands and businesses. In this study, we aimed to determine how advertisements shown in the social media platforms, which are gradually developing, are perceived by consumers in terms of the concept of morality. For that purpose, the data were gathered from the students attending to Sakarya and Giresun Universities and they were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. According to the study, it was found that female students compared to male students, students attending to formal education compared to evening education and students of Giresun University compared to the students of Sakarya University were more sensitive to some concepts included to the measurement of advertisement ethics.
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Global capital aims to establish a world state ruled by a world government in order to dominate based on the interests of global oligarcs. Simulteneosly with the World War II, global capital has moved from London to New York, and democracy promotion has been a fundamental component of American hegemonic policies. American hegemony gains puppet states in to ways; regime restoration (democracy promotion and developments projects are in use with soft power projection) and nation building (state foundation following hard power use). In that article, we investigate the present and future of democracy promotion as American civilian internention method in course of the new world order.
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The employment priorities in the social oriented economy are characterized in modern conditions of Azerbaijan and limited demand for the working force as the acting tendency in conditions of high supply are investigated in this article. The priorities of the modern employment policy, The principal tendencies in the labor market of Central and Eastern Europe and CIS after 1990. Also the main characteristics of the state regulation of employment and its social characteristics and efficiency are envisaged in the work.
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The difficulties in the joined actions of Bulgarian and Turkish partners on projects within the Trans-border Cooperation Program are the result of the influence of framework factors, rather than being due to cultural differences. Asymmetries, mainly economic in nature, influence the aptitudes and actions of both sides. In the prolonged situation of limited financial resources for the Bulgarian side, the projects turn to be of a key importance for it. Thus the Bulgarian partners try to perform their tasks strictly according to the requirements of EU. At the same time, for the Turkish partners the projects seem to be less attractive and thus failing to create motivation for adhering to the formal rules as well as for the timely fulfillment of the engagements which they have undertaken. In order to cope with the problems in their current and future projects, the Bulgarian actors, using experience and knowledge from previous projects, apply action oriented strategies including creation of generalized images of the Turkish partners together with narratives about meetings and conflicts with them.
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In todays fast changing environment there is need for organizations to respond to the challenges in the most effective and efficient way. The thesis of this text is aiming to point one of the potential interactions that is very likely to support organizational success in near future. This article would like to bring attention to the synergy between Facilities Management and Human Resources Management that can be used for giving the organizations so much needed competitive advantage of building the balanced organizational ecology that is able to maintain itself by attracting and retaining top talents and provide the environment for delivering the best results in the respective field. Synergy between different functions can enable (or constrain) transformational change aiming at achieving such efficiency. The conjunction between Facility Management and Human Resources Management can be an example that will deliver such effect. There is a bridge between, on the one hand build environment and facilities management, focused on real estate provision and on the other business and management studies.
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The Olympic movement has the potential for development through the use of Olympic marketing. The development of marketing aspects becomes particularly relevant in connection with their exceptional significance in order to increase profitability and ensure financial independence from external factors. In addition, owing to its marketing activities, the Olympic Movement is capable of shaping and maintaining a high profile of Olympism, which is the most important intangible asset of the International Olympic Committee.Today, the Olympic Movement is one of the most dynamic nonprofit marketing areas. The experience gained in recent years allows it to confidently develop and serve sport and society. At the same time, in order to achieve a qualitatively new level of development, the Olympic movement needs to analyze its marketing activities, accumulated their own knowledge and experience, as well as the involvement of such experience from related fields of activity. Taking into account that the way of improving Olympic marketing is considered by the IOC as the leading force in the progress of Olympism, efforts should be directed directly to the field of study.The article deals with the components of Olympic marketing, due to which the synergy effect is achieved. It shows the features of the Olympic marketing complex, marketing activities and the main activities of the NOC of Ukraine, aimed at the development of the Olympic movement and popularization of a healthy lifestyle among the Ukrainian population. The analysis of indicators of financial support has been done and it shows the social effect of marketing activities of the NOC of Ukraine.
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Any attempt to make a research on our society’s command economy in its various fields can help our management develop analytical approach and implement a liberal economy type.The important observations are:At the end of the 20s New Economic Policy (NEP,) that was characterized by its liberal management of economic processes and some elements of marketing economy, was replaced by command economy with its directive and voluntaristic approach and noneconomic methods of national economy management.Later in the 30s for a long period the economy of the Soviet Union went back to the policy of “military communism” which was based on the regression of commodity-money relations, dry administration and compulsion. “Great Leap” in heavy industry during the years of industrialization caused serious disruption, disorganization and considerable complications in the economic development, including railway transport and other areas of national economy.
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The essence of category «social-labour potential» was reflected. Meaningfulness of moral-ethics constituent of social-labour potential was exposed. The transformations of the valued orientations were analysed. The suggestions relatively of adjustment of moral-ethics constituent of social-labour potential were developed.
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The paper presents the main commercial law institutes and their manifestation on the Bulgarian market in the second and third quarters of the nineteenth century – commercial companies, commercial courts, bankruptcy. They are regulated by the trade legislation and, in this sense, modernity is enshrined in them. Insofar as the modernity is difficult to break through and difficult to place in the oriental conditions of the region, these institutes acquire a specific local appearance that is subject of the analysis in the article. In these structures the modernity is combined with traditional stereotypes. In addition, there are phenomena that are contrary to the law and public morality: corrupt practices, the use of friendly and ties to provide a favorable outcome of a case, seeking legal information and specialized advice through informal contacts, pressure on the members of the trade court. Several key case studies have been considered in the paper and an attempt has been made to formulate hypotheses on the subject, both on the basis of own studies – already published and current, as well as on the basis of recently published contributions, mainly PhD theses. The present study revises the statement in the historiography that laws are adopted in the Ottoman Empire, but they remain “just on a book”, while reforms are formal and imposed “from above”. This statement is not true about the Commercial Law and the commercial law institutes.
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The article considers urban gardens as a typical urban farming practice, with a high potential for organizing social energy and the emergence of intensive and sustainable social relationships in time. There are four models for urban gardens, which were created on different occasions but successfully implemented by non-governmental organizations on the territory of a metropolitan municipality. The article reveals the specificities of the functions that urban gardens perform and proves that the non-governmental sector has a huge role to play in promoting urban farming practices and unleashing the potential of urban gardens. Through in-depth interviews, the enthusiasm and the high social commitment of people who have implemented urban gardening initiatives are demonstrated. The models presented could be implemented as examples of the deployment of urban agriculture in the capital.
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In looking for an answer to the correctness of the use of the concept of “knowledge economy”, the transformations of the place of knowledge from the stage of industrial capitalism to the present stage are considered. This justifies the launching of the hypothesis of transforming capitalism into cognitive. The role of the neoliberal policy is explained, which through the intellectual property institution creates prerequisites for its transformation into a scarce resource and exclusion of the users from its use.
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This article examines the costs of the Common Agricultural Policy within a 10-year period of the 21st century. Attention is drawn to the two pillars supporting agriculture - the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF), ie the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) 1st pillar, and the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD)- 2nd pillar. The article also analyzes Bulgaria in the context of CAP expenditure and contribution of the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector in the country’s economy through the GVA indicator. Due to the fact that the main beneficiaries of subsidies are the so-called market-oriented agricultural holdings within the scope of the Farm Accountancy Data System (FADN), at the end of the article some indicators of these farms in Bulgaria are analyzed.
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The article examines features of tourist attractions and their impact and importance for the development of tourism in destinations. In the article are presented their essential characteristics and some examples from the world.
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This article reflects the results of a study that seeks to answer the question: how to create a sustainable workplace by managing differences and incorporating diversity from people. The three main aspects of the problem are discussed - institutional, ethical and managerial. Guidelines for building a sustainable workplace with shared tolerance for diversity are given, summarizing the essential circumstances that help build a unique corporate model for a sustainable workplace.
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The purpose of this contribution is to present the organizational and legal aspects for the establishment and functioning of the system for combating corruption in the Republic of Bulgaria from 1989 to 2019. The analysis of strategic documents, international acts, directives and regulations of the European Union, as well as normative acts of the national legislation leads to the conclusion that this system, including state bodies and respective administrative agencies, is in the process of constant improvement but still is not effective.
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