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The text consists of two parts – research and documentary. The documentary contains 13 letters from the period 1873–1875, which have not hitherto been in the range of vision of historical science. With some conventionality, they are defined as “letters to and from Chorbadji Patyo”, as Pavel Popov (Poppetrov, p. Petrov) from Vidrare is known. The research section sets out the archaeographic principles that the publication adheres to. The author also depicts a portrait of Chorbaji Patyo, who developed both legal and illegal social activity, managing to be friends with both Midhat Pasha and Levski.
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The purpose of this publication of individual fragments of the diplomatic diary of H. Rakovsky, prepared by the drafters, is to convey to the general scientific community the diary entries of a prominent Soviet diplomat, which have remained unknown until today. The diary reflects the initial period of Rakovsky’s stay in Paris after his appointment as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the USSR to France. The published document is an important element for understanding the general picture of the Soviet Union’s foreign policy in relation to France and England in 1923–1927 – in general, those nuances that always remained behind the scenes of official negotiations, signing declarations and treaties, as well as for understanding the role of the a particular Soviet diplomat in these processes.
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The article presents a constructional analysis of old building practices in the region of Gabrovo. Some of the few remaining authentic buildings at the age of370 – 120 years were examined during a field study entitled “The Building Crafts of the Balkan Mountains“ and organized by the association of Meshtra – TraditionalKnowledge and Crafts and the Open Air Ethnographic Museum “Etar“ on July 20 – 22, 2018. Most of these buildings are in extremely bad condition and partially destroyed. Despite their authenticity and age, they are not recognized as cultural monuments. The focus of the study is on the building practices in choosing material, its preliminary processing, the positives and negatives of the building practices used in that period. The article compares the masonry techniques used for the building of the houses studied, other practices used abroad in the same period and the contemporary norms of masonry constructions. The information here presented could be used for the successful restoration of buildings from this period and for the profound understanding of the former construction materials and techniques.
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The history of the organs in the Cistercian Abbey in Kraków-Mogiła has not been studied so far. The article elaborates this topic based on the results of an archival query. Most of the sources are preserved in the Cistercian Archive in Mogiła. Examining them, the author discusses the history of instruments in the monastic church and in the former St Bartholomew church. On the basis of the sources, it was stated that at least in the 18th century the monastery church was equipped with two pipe organs. This fact has not been pointed out so far by researchers. The following article is supplemented by archival photographs.
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The Archive of St Joseph’s Convent in Kraków contains a collection of musical manuscripts, which have not been studied before. Among books of liturgical use, such as graduals and antiphonaries, there are also small cantionales, full of canto fratto repertoire. The majority of these sources originate from the Convent of Bernardine Nuns in Kraków; however, there are also at least two manuscripts from the Convent in Wilno. The aim of this paper is to present canto fratto repertoire of Benedicamus Domino found in the 18th and 19th century liturgical manuscripts from the Convent of Bernardine Nuns in Kraków. The author indicates sources of studied melodies based on the wide range of liturgical manuscripts from the 18th and 19th centuries—especially from convents of Bernardine Nuns in Poland, as well as from the Convent of Benedictine Friars in Staniątki—and compares it to the dispersal of canto fratto settings of ordinarium missae. Finally, the paper presents complete index of Benedicamus Domino melodies in the annex.
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This article explores the newly discovered account books of the Lviv Uniate Musical Chapel of the Bishop Leon Szeptycki. The main stay of this musical chapel was the architectural complex of the Cathedral of St George in Lviv. Today, two account books are stored in the department of old books and manuscripts of the Andrey Sheptytsky National Museum in Lviv in the archives of the Lviv bishops; they cover the years 1760–1779. In the first two parts of the article, the author investigates the issues of the founding of the musical chapel and its place of activity. In the third part, there is a list of musicians who were members of this chapel over the years. In addition to the names and surnames, their positions, years of employment, musical instruments which they played and details of their biography are indicated. In the next part, there is a list of pupils of the chapel. It appears that the total number of pupils ranged from 2 to 14. Adult musicians and pupils played various instruments: harpsichord (“klawicymbaly”), clavichord (“klawikort”), organ, violin, alto, viola da gamba (“kwartviola”), cello (“basetla”), oboe, bassoon, trumpet and horn; there were singers as well. In the fifth part, the author specifies in what way the Lviv Uniate musical chapel was financed. In the next part, both the church and the secular musical repertoire of the musical chapel are described. In this section, also information from the Warsaw periodicals are used. In the seventh part, the collaboration of the Uniate music chapel with other chapels and monastic orders, Jesuits, Dominicans and Conventual Franciscans is explored. In the last part, the author examines the information about the human settlements that are found on the pages of the account books.
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In this paper, I tried to make a presentation about the origin, growth and decline of the institution of temple girls. Devadasis were women who were dedicated to the particular temple deity or any specific symbol. A devadasi was considered nitya sumangali, a woman eternally free from the adversity of widowhood as she was married to God and married forever. She was married to a deity or god, but that did not mean that she had to live her life without the normal pleasures of sex and childbearing. In medieval times, she was a respected member of the society. These devadasis were performed ritualistic and non-ritualistic performances until 17th century, when devadasis were moving away from the temples into the secular spaces. Now they were no longer confined to the temples and by 18th century, the distinction between the devadasi and the prostitute becomes blurred. The bibliography to which I had access clearly shows a transformation of the role of the system in Hindu society, a role that I tried to capture in the following pages.
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Undoubtedly, the advancement of technique and technology represents one of the most important paths of human progress. It is not the place to stress the great value technologies have meant throughout the history of civilization on Terra, especially in its 20th century growth, connected with the „Second Industrial Revolution‟ followed by the „digital revolution‟, on which the so-called „Fourth Industrial Revolution‟ is now building. Unfortunately, there are plenty of examples of human using of a good thing not for good purposes, but on the contrary causing major destruction and suffering on long-term. This kind of situations emphasizes a lack of responsibility and of minimal wisdom, care and respect for life in its integrality. Beyond all, at stake there is a serious problem of morality. We refer to the ignorance of ethical problems by some corporate organizations in our globalizing world, having a great negative impact for the planet and its various any life-forms. Part of nowadays multinational companies proves disdain as regards basic moral duties and social responsibilities, even though they display impressive codes of conduct, which remain just emptied formulas of applicability in real life. It is the case of the serious risks and dangers that the technique known as hydraulic fracturing or „fracking‟ produces for the medium to long-term evolution of life in its plenitude on Earth. In this paper we try to highlight the need of a veritable ethical culture to be appropriated and activated by all the social actors and, also, the significance of moral awakeness in making people to act for their own fundamental rights. We focus on the importance of working together on the side of „good and right‟, using the potential of moral philosophy towards an efficient, healthy and secure interference with economics, ecology, social culture, etc., to protecting and developing the wellness and sustainability of life, of natural environment and of human well-being finally.
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The study traces some cases of inaccurate and mistakenly recorded museum artefacts between the 1950s and 1970s. The main object is the Archive of the hero in the Serbian-Turkish and Russo-Turkish wars 1876–1878 Major Raycho Nikolov, but other precious exhibits accepted in the same time are also considered as analogical examples. It is unclear in the present documentation how and when these cultural valuables reached the Museum. For the first time the registration books and some other documents of the previous communist Museum of the Revolutionary Movement are used as a historical source.
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After World War II Croatia was one of the six constituents of the newly founded Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia – FPRY (1945–1963). It was in this period that a very unusual picturebook appeared, aimed at young readers. In 1949 the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of Serbia published the booklet A Selection of Books for Children from 3 to 14 Years of Age. The selection drew on the publishing industry of the entire Yugoslavia, i.e. including books published in Zagreb, Sarajevo and other parts of “our country”... [...]
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