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Tschechoslowakei - No Future für Punks?

Author(s): Andrew Csepel / Language(s): German Issue: 14/1983

1976 zerstörten der Schauprozeß und das Urteil gegen die »Plastic People of the Universe« die tschechoslowakische Untergrund-Rockszene. Die Massenmedien widmeten dem Verfahren beträchtliche Aufmerksamkeit und die Ausschaltung der Gruppewar von großer Bedeutung für die Politik der »Normalisierung« . Nicht etwa deshalb, weil die Band jemals eine ernsthafteBedrohung des Regimes dargestellt hätte, sondern weil diealternative Rockmusik-Szene potentiell ein großer Anziehungspol und ein fruchtbarer Boden für unorthodoxe Ideen und Haltungen innerhalb jener entscheidenden sozialen Gruppierung hätte werden können, die den »Normalisieren« so amHerzen lag — der Jugend

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Koncepcje strategiczne polskich filharmonii i orkiestr

Author(s): Małgorzata Kaczmarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The high degree of the environment instability generates the need to apply not only a strategy, but also a range of management practices as well as tools to the day-to-day operations of cultural institutions. Strategy can therefore be seen as a modern way for continuous adaptation to the environment. Having and implementing a strategy, including marketing strategies, is important not only from perspective of the declining participation and attendance in cultural events in the Polish society, but also because of the need to meet the requirements of effective operation. Hence the emerging question: how to manage a cultural institution whose survival nowadays is more than ever dictated by an unclear future scenario? This paper will present the strategic concepts of the Polish philharmonics and orchestras, which are a response to the challenges of the environment with different attitudes and activities.Qualitative research in form of the individual in-depth interviews (IDI), which form the basis of the study, was conducted between May 2022 and May 2023. They were concerned with management tools currently used by managers and directors of public cultural institutions – in case of this study, these were philharmonics and orchestras. Transcripts of a total of 25 in-depth interviews were analysed, then categorised and compiled using qualitative research support software.The conclusions that emerged from the literature review and qualitative research indicate a strong diversification in the attitudes of philharmonic managers. The hybridisation of artistic activities means that, as never before, philharmonics are diversifying not only their identity, but also the range of activities as well as their effect. The environment plays an increasingly important role in this process.

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The Presentation of Popular Music in Yugoslav Socialist Discourses (1945–1952)

Author(s): Dragica Popovska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This paper deals with popular (entertainment, dance or light) music in Yugoslav socialist discourses, in the period from 1945 to 1952. It is based on newspaper articles of the time, which provide insight into the ways in which the tension, contradictions and possibilities in everyday life related to music and dancing forms of entertainment, were identified. The analyzed data shows that there was an interaction of generative and restrictive practices in Yugoslav society. They indicate the way in which the image of popular music was shaped in the socialist discourse in the 1945–1952 period.

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Komiks z nacistického vězení: unikátní svědectví Antonína Mádla z Pečkárny, Pankráce a Gollnowa

Author(s): Magda Veselská / Language(s): Czech Issue: 01/2024

Antonín Mádl's comic, titled **"Cesta křížová"**, vividly depicts his arrest by the Prague Gestapo in August 1940 and the brutal interrogations at the infamous Petschek Palace. The comic captures the violence and psychological pressure faced by Mádl and other detainees, highlighting the harsh conditions and resilience required to endure such ordeals. Mádl's narrative intertwines his personal experiences with broader historical events, offering a unique visual testimony of life in Nazi prisons. His work also reflects his commitment to the Czech resistance movement, particularly through his involvement with the illegal magazine "V boj". Despite severe beatings and torture, Mádl managed to withhold critical information, demonstrating remarkable courage. His comic serves as a poignant reminder of the sacrifices made by those who fought against oppression during World War II.

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Елементи от традиционния музикален театър в ариите на оригиналните китайски опери

Author(s): Jiangzi Jiang / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 15/2024

“The White-Haired Girl“ is the first original Chinese opera. It combines Western music, music from regional Chinese music dramas and Chinese folk music. In this sense, “The White-Haired Girl“ has very high research value. One of the most brilliant vocal performances in the opera is the protagonist's aria “Hate like a mountain, anger like a sea”, which incorporates musical elements from the regional musical theatre of Shanxi province. In this paper, the aria is analyzed in terms of its musical nature, the features of vocal line and emotional expressiveness, the use of elements from Chinese musical theater in operatic arias is explored, and its significance and influence on the creation of opera on local soil is examined.

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5–8 klasių muzikos vadovėlių analizė krikščioniškųjų vertybių raiškos kontekste

Author(s): Klaidas Kauneckas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1 (53)/2023

By applying the method of content analysis, the article analyzes basic (grades 5–8) music textbooks by different authors. The article aims to find out how much and in what way Christian values are presented in the content of musical education. The results of the research revealed that the Christian faith, its meaning and values are most reflected in Balčytis’s series of textbooks “Muzika” (2007). Malikėnienė’s textbooks “Muzika” (2010) and “Muzikos labirintai” (2012) pay more attention to the development of students’ secularity and understanding of music.

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Utopia, Sound, and Matter in Ernst Bloch

Author(s): Federico Rampinini / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Bloch’s philosophy of music is one of the most interesting of the twentieth century, particularly in the context of Marxist aesthetics. This article focuses on the various peculiarities of this thought, which seldom are highlighted. Firstly, through a new analysis of the musical sections of Spirit of Utopia and The Principle of Hope, the relation between utopia and music will be discussed in Sections 2 and 3 in order to show the originality of Bloch’s refusal of the Marxist base-superstructure model in the field of aesthetics. In contrast to the other philosophies of music, the study of music inspires theoretical speculation in Bloch’s thought and not vice versa. In order to demonstrate this connection, in Sections 4 and 5, the idea of the sound in Spirit of Utopia will be examined and compared to the conception of the matter as it is presented in The Principle of Hope, The Materialism Problem, its History and Substance, and other works. These paragraphs aim to highlight how the early conception of sound was the model for the later conception of matter.

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Vizualusis istorijos pasakojimas: Šv. Barboros paveikslo Alėjų bažnyčioje atvejis

Author(s): Daiva Vaisnoriene / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 119/2024

The article examines a painting of St Barbara in the church of the Holy Trinity in Alėjai. The painting is believed to date from the second half of the 17th century and has not been previously studied. The study briefly reviews the history of the foundation of the parish and the manor in Alėjai, which belonged to the Dominican monastery in Raseiniai from the 17th to the 19th century. The article also discusses the history of the consecration of the church and possible ways of painting the altarpiece, using historiographical and iconographical sources. The painting is analysed using traditional methods of art research such as formal, iconographic-iconological and comparative analysis. In addition to the meaning of this work, an anthropological approach to cultural and artistic research is also applied. The composition and action of the painting are compared with images of church altars that were common in Western European countries during the Middle Ages.

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Co je konceptuální literatura? Úvod k textu Pascala Mougina

Author(s): Julie Koblížková Wittlichová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 69/2024

The article by Pascal Mougin, a French literary scholar, delves into the concept of "conceptual literature" within the broader context of the relationship between literature and contemporary art. Mougin contrasts the modernist focus on form and autonomy with the contemporary shift towards intermediality and conceptualism. He discusses the influence of American art critic Clement Greenberg and the evolution of artistic practices from the 1960s onwards. Mougin identifies four pathways for conceptual literature, examining its connections to modernist and contemporary paradigms. He critiques the notion of "literature with constraints" and explores the integration of conceptual art principles into literary texts. The article highlights the unique synthesis of appropriation and constraint in contemporary conceptual writing, emphasizing its departure from traditional literary values. Mougin's work underscores the nuanced and multifaceted nature of conceptual literature, advocating for a critical examination of its various manifestations.

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Musical Instruments of the Turkic Peoples of the Volga Region and Urals

Author(s): Gulnara Khayrullina / Language(s): English Issue: Spec/2023/2023

National musical instruments are part of the culture and history of the people. They reflect the characteristics, temperament and mentality of the people, the conditions for their formation as an ethnos. Variety, rich sound, unusual melody pattern – national musical instruments create all this. Every ancient musical culture has its origins in ancient rites. Folk music of the Turkic peoples of the Volga region and the Urals was no exception. Singing was accompanied by pagan and mystical sacraments, holidays, household and daily rituals such as hunting, harvesting and much more, including military campaigns. The sound of folk instruments has a specific musical pattern and voice that distinguishes the musical instruments of the Turkic peoples from other ethnic groups that have settled since ancient times in the Urals and the Volga region. This is due to the fact that the Tatars and Bashkirs have always preferred melodic musical instruments that allow performing a branched, rich melody in a wide range. Although the list of musical instruments has about fifty varieties, this article analyses the most characteristic and ancient ones.

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Исламские Геометрические Орнаменты, Их История И Способы Построения

Author(s): Andrey Schetnikov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2024

This article deals with the art of geometric ornaments, widely spread in the whole Islamic world. This art appeared at the beginning of the 11th century in Khorasan and Transoxania, rapidly developed in the next two centuries until the Mongol invasion, transferred from here to Damascus, Cairo and further to the Maghreb countries, and then flourished again in the Timurid Empire, when multi-color solutions were added to complicated geometry of star polygons. We consider various principles for constructing these patterns, with special attention to so called “polygonal technique”.

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Василий Шарапов и художественная жизнь Палеха второй половины 1930-х — начала 1940-х гг.

Author(s): Dmitry I. Polyvyannyy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2023

The essay is dedicated to Vasiliy Sharapov (1917—1942) — student of Palekh Art School named after M. Gorky in 1933—1938 and associate of the State Museum of Palekh Art in 1938—1941. The eight years of his study and work in Palekh embrace the time of significant change in the education of the new generation Palekh painters and in their activities under the Fellowship of Palekh artists, which replaced the Artel of ancient painting in 1933. The artists had to reorganize their relations with the governmental and municipal institutes at all levels, including the Palekh district formed in 1935. The adaptation of the forms and contents of their art production to the ideological standards of the “socialist society” and the new aesthetic needs of Soviet people took place. Sharapov’s notes, letters, articles in the local press are considered against the background of the archival documents and publications of his contemporaries – journalists, art critics and historians of art. This approach allows to consider the young museum associate as one of the important “backstage persons” in the artistic life of Palekh in the second half of the 1930s and the beginning of the 1940s. The main attention is paid to Sharapov’s search of the ways to overcome the crisis, in which, as he supposed, found itself the Palekh painting after 1936, and to elaborate new theoretical approach to the Palekh art combining classical views and Marxist philosophy. His articles on Pavel Bazhenov (1904—1941), whom Sharapov considered one of the main persons of the contemporary Palekh art in fact put the beginning to the complex evaluation of the works. The article is followed with brief biographic reference on the persons – contemporaries of V. Sharapov mentioned in the text.

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Морфология и мифология ленинградского текстиля

Author(s): Margarita Sergeevna Shirokovskikh / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2 (34)/2023

The article is devoted to the Leningrad artistic textiles, created in the 1960s –1990s. It is well known, that tapestry was actively developing during this period, however, this article discusses both original and industrial designs, which were represented by printed and shaft weaving fabrics, and textile haberdashery. Unique and industrial textiles have evolved with varying degrees of intensity, while fabrics and scarves remain the least explored area of design practice. In most cases, patterns for scarves had a souvenir design. The author gives data on the main industrial enterprises which produced them, points to the inseparable connection with the Leningrad school of textiles, which was based at the department of textiles at the Vera Mukhina Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the development of tapestry in the Leningrad school of textiles became possible after the opening of internships in Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Latvia. The experience of learning about modern European tapestry formed two main trends in Leningrad: traditional and relief-plastic. In each of them were created outstanding works. This article provides information about tapestries and curtains made in the Leningrad Decorative and Applied Arts Factory and Research Experimental Workshops. The scale and high quality of the works are noted, the prominent artists who worked by the «order of the state» (goszakaz) are listed.

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Социологически поглед към автономията на изкуството

Author(s): Ivan Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The autonomy of art does not mean that from the Renaissance onwards there was a period in which art depended only on itself and on nothing else. Artists did break away from the traditional spheres of mythology, religion, and courtly canons, but they consistently and explicitly inscribed their works within the freer and broader objective structures of social communication, from immediate interpersonal communication all the way to the various forms of mass communication. Art takes on a new, completely free publicity that emphasizes the highly marketable and communicative character of the artwork and the mass character of its audience. Under the influence and support of different and even contradictory audiences, art is constantly changing its artistic form and social meaning. Considered in this way, autonomy represents a constantly changing form of socialization of art that also reaches very high, unique, and autonomous degrees of individualization of the artistic process. Within this process, the artist is now more subject to norms and rules that he freely and unconstrainedly chooses for himself and which he imposes on his imagination. But the specific characteristics of this free art must also be seen and understood as internal ciphers of a hidden external social context.

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Хиперментално-неосъзнаваното в изобразителното изкуство през втората половина на ХХ–началото на ХХІ век

Author(s): Krasimir Delchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The article analyzes the hypermental unconscious during the latter half of the 20th and early 21st centuries.

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A forgotten tale of violence from Romania’s recent past

Author(s): JP O’ Malley / Language(s): English Issue: 06 (58)/2023

The story of violent clashes that broke out in Sibiu in Romania during late December 1989 is one that many have forgotten since the revolution and regime change. Tudor Giurgiu’s latest film Libertate revisits that turbulent event in Romania. The film not only acts as a reminder of the ruthless terror and chaos of the time but also as a chance for Romanians to reassess their own history.

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DESCENSUS AD INFEROS - AN ARTISTIC PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE SAVIOR ARCHETYPE IN EUROPEAN CONSCIENCE

Author(s): Ana-Irina Iorga / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

With the 15th century in Western art in general, in visual art in particular, there are some clear signs of changes related to the form of beliefs, so to the soul intimacy of the Western man. Forms of religious consciousness, themselves the result of earlier changes, it changes and will change once more. The content of religious consciousness remains immutable. It has at its center the archetype of the savior from death. 14 centuries this archetype was personified in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the conqueror of hell and death. The period of the 15th - 21st centuries conveys, through visual and musical art, that the Christ personification of the savior gradually changes until it almost disappears, its place being taken by Orpheus, the mythological hero of ancient Greece.

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THE REFLECTION OF COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA IN THE PRESS AND FILM

Author(s): Elena Oana Vlădulescu (Roșca) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

The main objective of the research will be the analysis of the political strategies carried out after the installation of communism in Romania, as well as their reflection as means of propaganda in the press and film. The representative magazines of the mentioned period represented an optimal propaganda tool, which in the opinion of the communists were intended to provide women with a role model that they longed for. At the same time, the subjects covered by the cinematographic productions were correlated with what would be useful at that time, as well as with the party policy. Therefore, exemplary characters, built according to the politics of the time, were those who dominated Romanian cinema and who had the role of staging subjects such as: the importance of collectivization, industrialization, the struggle of the new man, etc. We observe that the measures implemented by the communist regime have in mind elements such as gender equality, the "liberation of women" from the traditional family to make them available as a workforce, but also "grandiose industrialization".

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Triada obrazów akwatycznych jako podstawa integralności kompozycji filmu dokumentalnego Ołeksandra Awszarowa i Switłany Rudiuk Wasz Wasyl

Author(s): Tetiana Mychajłowa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 43/2023

The article is dedicated to analysing the compositional integrity of Oleksandr Avsharov and Svitlana Rudyuk’s documentary Yours, Vasyl (2019) through the prism of key aquatic images, including the city flood from the archival materials of Kyiv from 1970, dirty water from the poet’s sister’s dreams and the flood, stream and sea from Stus’s poetry (Ще до жнив не дожив…, Із циклу «Забуттям», Костомаров у Саратові). On the basis of these aquatic images, represented by key textual messages, the plot of the film is schematically arranged in a triad, which in turn plays the role of a graphic image of a mountain – a symbol of the poet’s steadfastness and victory. Attention is also drawn to the rich symbolism of the images, the skillful intertwining of the visual and auditory, the past and the present, thanks to which the image of the Stus seems alive and modern, which is what the filmmakers wanted to achieve.

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Zagrożenie dziedzictwa kulturowego przestępczością – analiza wydarzeń w 2022 roku (początek inwazji Rosji na Ukrainę

Author(s): Olgierd Jakubowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2024

The article presents selected cases of criminal activity in 2022 based on statistics prepared by police, the National Revenue Administration and border police. The study is part of an annual series that aims to illustrate the trends and threats to monuments and cultural assets in a given year. The complementary presentation of collective information on risks to cultural heritage is essential for a research perspective and to develop a strategy for its protection. Criminal activity involving cultural heritage is influenced by specific events that affect the level of security in a State. Among the factors that should be taken into account when analyzing the phenomenon of crime against cultural heritage in 2022, threats arising from the Russian aggression on Ukraine should be considered.

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