RADICAL LANDSCAPES OF R. F. LANGLEY’S POETRY: A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF “TO A NIGHTINGALE”

Author(s): Vurmay M. Ayça / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This paper aims to examine R. F. Langley’s poetry as an example of radical landscape poetry, which is characterized by the interplay between landscape and language in an open field of con/textual relationships, with special focus on his poem “To a Nightingale”. Langley’s poetry can be regarded as a Modernist compound of tradition and innovation, affirmation and negation, certainty and doubt, and the human and the non-human. Langley’s poetic landscape(s) or his artistic canvas is associated with the late-modernist writing of his time. In Langley’s poetry, the relationships between landscape/environment and humanity, the human and the non-human are depicted as mutually constructive. Situated between the romantic and the existentialist discourses, Langley’s poetry possesses a modernist, depersonalized, scientific, innovative, experimental and speculative approach to reality and language. “To a Nightingale” epitomizes the modernist indeterminacy of reality and language through the vertiginous vacillation of the speaker between alternatives of truth and expression in the checkerboard of existence, as well as through the disordered structure and shape of the poem, alternating between opposite poles, through the use of stylistic devices such as parataxis, juxtaposition, enjambment, parallelism, deviation, foregrounding and discoursal relations.

Antroponyma v Magorových labutích písních

Author(s): Robert Kolár / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2019

The paper deals with personal names and their functions in the poetry collection Magorovy labutí písně (1985) written by Ivan Martin Jirous (1944–2011). According to underground poetics, Jirous uses real names. The nature of naming depends on whether the person is male (one-word and multi-word naming) or female (strictly one-word naming by first name); whether the person is close to the author (usually naming by the first name or a combination of a hypocorism and the last name) or historical figure (naming by the last name or a combination of the official first name and the last name). In the case of names of historical figures, the dominant function is associative, in the case of names of persons close to author the functions are phatic (a distant contact with the named person), honorific (honouring of named persons) and magic (protection of named persons). One of the key features of Magorovy labutí písně is that names are often in rhyme position – rhyming names are a sign of virtuosity but at the same time of humorous poetry (epigram, satire).

Swahili vs. English in Tanzania and the political discourse

Author(s): Karsten Legere / Language(s): English Issue: 44/2010

This paper deals with the role of Swahili and English in Tanzania. It gives examples of current language use illustrated by written records of middle class people’s verbal interaction. On the strength of the evidence given in the paper it is safe to say that English is advancing and regaining lost grounds. Simultaneously, Swahili is stagnating as long as there is no active Swahili promotion campaign which focuses on the implementation of the language policy formulated after Independence. For the time being, the market forces dictated by foreign companies and a pro-Western political establishment go for a growing role of English in Tanzania. These forces do not care about the Tanzanian people that have only limited access to English in an inefficient education system and are incompetent in this language. This pro-English trend is going to make many Tanzanians step by step to “linguistic strangers” (de Cluver 1993) in their own country.

Clișeul lingvistic și evenimentul media transformativ: izotopii generatoare de utomatisme jurnalistice în contextul Brexit. Repere teoretice (I)

Author(s): Armanda Ramona Stroia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1 (33)/2021

The present study reports on the linguistic “behaviour” of the clichés generated by a transformative event such as Brexit, based on an interdisciplinary approach and a two-dimensional research model. The current investigation draws on the theoretical and methodological support provided by language sciences, social psychology and media communication studies. Specifically, we correlated the data obtained through conjugating linguistic microparameters (semantic, stylistic features, lexical and morphosyntactic patterns), as well as macrocontextual variables (pragmatic, psycholinguistic aspects, perspectives derived from the sociology of media communication, among others). Initially, for a brief contextualization, we outlined the socio-historical framework responsible for triggering the controversial phenomenon. In a contrastive analysis, we illustrated, the dominant clichés formed on the structure of the conceptual metaphors extracted from Romanian media discourse, organized into a set of lexico-semantic isotopies: emotional excess, disaster, strategic games (chess, domino, etc.), contagious disease, apocalyptic forecasts etc.We pointed out that this emotional “toxicity”, derived from the outrage directed at the political elites, from the alienation caused by an economic process and system that no longer reflects the vision and values of the citizens, sometimes reaches paroxysm in clichés of combustion. These linguistic structures are probably preferred for the emotional force encapsulated on the level of connotative associations: Brexit is a burning day, while the results of the referendum set politicians ablaze, social networks catch fire, and British Prime Minister Theresa May then gives an incendiary speech. We also considered the lexico-semantic isotopy of the natural phenomena, in which the metaphors formed on the pattern of liquidity persist in the post-referendum stage: “voters swim to the polling stations”. Specifically, the consequences are foreshadowed in the form of “economic storms”, “a flood of reactions/ scenarios / regrets”, “financial tornadoes” and even “tsunami effect”. Finally, we illustrated the tendency of journalists to put these metaphorical clichés in the semantic area of liquidity in relation to the periods of social and economic convulsions, terrorist attacks etc. (economy sinks, a storm of bullets, wave of protests/attacks). The explanation for such linguistic behaviour can be deciphered if we consider sociologists' interpretation of the modern world, increasingly defined by the dual dimension of liquidity. There is a contemporary fascination of the flow as an image of global flexibility. However, in a world interconnected economically and politically, there also functions the fear of social fluidity (waves of immigrants etc.) (Turner 2003: 8). Obviously, this lexical-semantic scheme of the disaster generates clichés of the dramatism, rendered morphologically, particularly through qualifying adjectives, sometimes with superlative values: the most dramatic event, crucial referendum, crucial day, dramatic implications.

On the Dependent Prepositions of Certain Deverbals in Romanian and in English

Author(s): Vlad Preda / Language(s): English Issue: XXI/2020

The fact that verbs with dependent prepositions belong to the core vocabulary of both English and Romanian is proven by examples such as apologize for, depend on, rely on/upon, resort to, thank for, etc. and a se abona la,a aduce cu, a beneficia de, a conta pe, etc. At the same time, they show that the dependent prepositions are compulsory for the verbal constructions under discussion, a fact that becomes even more obvious if we take into account that the verbs transmit the dependent preposition to their derivatives – deverbal nouns and adjectives. Our aim is to compare and highlight the fact that deverbal nouns both in Romanian and in English “inherit” the dependent prepositions of the respective verbal bases.

Nietzsche i metafora

Author(s): Sarah Kofman / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1-2/2021

Još od Rođenja tragedije može se u Nietzschea pronaći teorija poopćene metafore, koja počiva na gubitku »istinskosti« [propre], i to u dva smisla. S jedne strane, nema metafore bez ogoljenja individualnosti, bez maskerade, bez metamorfoze. Da bi se moglo prenositi, mora biti moguće prenositi, moći svladati granice individualnosti; prijeko je potrebno da isto sudjeluje u drugom, da bude drugo. Na toj razini metafora je zasnovana na ontološkom jedinstvu života, figura kojeg je Dioniz. No ako metafora postoji, to jedinstvo je svagda već raskomadano i ne može biti rekonstituirano, osim simbolički preneseno u umjetnost. Time metafora omogućuje s onu stranu individualnog odvajanja - simboliziranog u komadanju Dioniza - rekonstituciju izvornog jedinstva svih bića, simboliziranih uskrsnućem boga.

Trajectories of anticipation: Preconceptuality and the task of reading habit

Author(s): Sebastian Feil / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2021

The article characterizes Peirce’s concept of habit as a major contribution to a Peircean concept of preconceptuality, first, in relation to its function in the sign process, and second, in relation to other concepts of preconceptuality in cultural studies. Hans-Georg Gadamer’s notion of prejudice, Michel Foucault’s notions of the preconceptual and the dispositif, and Hans Blumenberg’s conception of metaphor all share certain key characteristics with Peirce’s notion of habit. The same comparison also highlights the fact that certain elements are missing from the current discourse on Peirce’s notion of habit: although any rendition of the concept of habit itself implicitly relies on a theory of historicity and of rule-association, these aspects only emerge explicitly in comparison with theories that more explicitly focus on such aspects. Another question raised in the context of such a comparison is the relevance of habit for theories of conceptuality. Peirce claims that descriptions of concepts are best realized through the description of the habits involved in them. A major part of a concept’s coordinative power lies with the habits associated with the concept. However, no systematic inquiry into the possibility of rendering actual habits more definitive in comprehension has been undertaken. An attempt is therefore made to remedy that situation by elaborating on those aspects of Peirce’s theory of habit relevant to a theory of “reading” habit, and to sketch an outline of such a theory.

A koronavírus-járvány metaforáiról

Author(s): Anita Schirm / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2021

News about COVID19 has become part of our everyday life. Language users created pandemic related metaphors right away, and due to their explaining and visualizing power, these metaphors spread soon afterward. This paper investigates the rhetorical pictures born during the pandemic and shows why these metaphors are so frequent in articles about the pandemic. Metaphors in communication about COVID19 visualize, explain, evoke emotions, convince, and sometimes also manipulate public opinion, since the wording in the mass media greatly impacts the way people think about the pandemic crisis. By using the theoretical framework of the cognitive theory of metaphors, the paper shows some verbal and visual metaphors related to coronavirus from a corpus collected from news, ads and community facility advertising.

Metonymy is a Cognitive Mechanism of News Discourse

Author(s): Fazila Fazil Guliyeva / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2021

The paper considers metonymy as a cognitive mechanism widely used in news discourse. Views of different scholars on the concept of metonymy were analyzed in this paper. The problem of metonymy in linguistics is associated with two functions: 1) as a means of creating artistic speech; 2) as a means of nomination. The second part of the paper deals with different trends of metonymic transfer: psychological, logical and semiotic. In the third part, different classifications on the types of metonymic transfer are given. Finally, the fourth part of the paper considers the cognitive approach to metonymic study. The cognitive mechanism of conceptual metonymy operates within a single conceptual domain, one element replacing another. The replacement element is called a vehicle. It opens up access to another conceptual structure called the concept target within a single conceptual domain at the mental level. In news discourse, metonymy is used to express a concept economically. A shift in focus in metonymic nomination creates a positive or negative assessment, distortion of information, and depersonalization of individual referents to influence the reader. Thus, metonymy has a referential function, i. e. it allows one entity to replace another. But metonymy is not only a referential device. It also serves to understand.

Pragmatizácia štylistiky

Author(s): Alena Bohunická / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2020

The pragmalinguistic approach to the relationship between language and human is also reflected in the stylistic research. In this paper, we aim to clarify the sense of pragmatization in stylistics and outline the new stimuli for such a perspective. This goal assumes a brief analysis of implementations of pragmatic ideas in distinct Slovak stylistic paradigms and a presentation of a perspective for further reflections. We understand pragmatization in stylistics as a change of the interpretative model of language; a shift away from perception of language in the frame of an instrumental paradigm towards the perception of linguistic activity as social action. When clarifying the specificity of the language activity, which we call social action, we will apply H. Arendt’s ideas in her theory of action, specifically on the distinction between the terms labor, work and action. In line with the pragmalinguistic focus on a cognition of the human from the language perspective, and referring to the Arendt’s concept of the self-manifestation in speech, we find an anthropic approach to the language style and the authenticity as its most significant characteristics (especially in regard to public sphere) as viable for current stylistics.

I, you, and we in Serbian EFL Argumentative Writing from the Essay Title Perspective

Author(s): Jelena M. Marković / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2021

Frequent personal pronoun use, mainly treated as involvement feature overuse, is a commonplace in EFL argumentative writing. This article explores whether the first and second person pronoun use in the Serbian component of ICLE v3 may have been prompted by the essay title factor. Therefore the selected essay titles were assessed according to the two criteria: the presence/absence of first and second person pronouns, and their different uses as regards personal involvement, i.e. personal (specific), or generic (non-referential) uses. The results of the analysis show that the pronoun use has been enhanced by the essay titles at least up to some extent. Moreover, student writers used the pronouns in their personal meanings more readily if such a model was offered in the essay title. The implication is that student writers should not only be advised to avoid personal pronoun use in EFL writing; they should be supported in becoming aware of the options of expressing their identity, which will lead to adapting their linguistic choices to genre requirements more successfully.

УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ ШРИФТ: ВИТОКИ, ЕТАПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ, СТИЛІСТИЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ

Author(s): Dubrivna Antonina,Sofiia Doronina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 40/2021

The purpose of the article is to highlight the peculiarities of the establishment of the Ukrainian font and analysis of the interaction of formative and figurative features in the retrieval system of national style. The methodology is built according to the general principles of art history of scientific knowledge based on system analytical, complex-historical, formal approaches, and generalization. The scientific novelty lies in the revelation of visual and communicative aspects and artistic and stylistic features of the Ukrainian font within the context of a comprehensive definition of the factors of its formation and development. Conclusion. The perspective of the development of the modern Ukrainian font is outlined, which lies in the assertion of the national component based on the stable foundation of the past, the contradictions of evolution, and the formation of its new forms and models. The special role of the Ukrainian font as a means of visual communication with a high level of perception by native speakers of the Ukrainian language is determined. The positive effect of using accidental fonts in order to embody Ukrainian authentic folk traditions has been revealed.

Лилия Рашидовна Дускаева. Стилистический анализ в медиалингвистике. Москва: Флинта, 2019, 340 стр. / Лилия Рашидовна Дускаева (науч. ред.), Любовь Юрьевна Иванова (отв. ред.). Медиалингвистика славянских стран. Москва: Флинта, 2020, 464 стр.

Author(s): Stefan Milošević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2021

Metaphor and Metonymy in the Digital Age. Theory and methods for building repositories of figurative language. Marianna Bolognesi, Mario Brdar & Kristina Despot (еds.). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019, 264 p.

Author(s): Rajna M. Dragićević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2021

Международная научная конференция Стилистической комиссии МКС. Настоящее и будущее стилистики. Москва, 13–14. V 2019. г.

Author(s): Nenad S. Krcić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2019

КОНСПЕКТ ЗАНЯТИЯ: ЖАНРОВЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ (на материале конспектов занятий Сети «Школа цифровых технологий»)

Author(s): Sofia Sergeevna Bezukladnikova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2022

The paper explores the options of the language actualization of engineering knowledge for a non-professional audience of different ages. The relevance is determined by the insufficient study of the engineering discourse genres despite their intensive penetration into non-professional discourses. The paper raises the issue of hybridization of didactical engineering genres and the variability of the structure of their elements in the context of discursive unity. The aim is to describe the model of the “lesson synopsis” genre, which is at the intersection of engineering and didactic discourses. The novelty of the work is determined by the use of previously unstudied corpus of texts. The speech genre model developed by T. V. Shmelyova was chosen as the methodological basis for the study, and the research methodology included communicative and pragmatic, textual, semantic, and comparative analysis, as well as the methods of quantitative analysis. The author identified and described the formal structural elements of the “lesson synopsis” genre, drew conclusions about the possible reasons for the variability of the elements comprising the genre structure of texts, and listed some ways of adapting engineering knowledge for children.

Konceptualne metafore sa sastavnicama život i smrt u Kamenom spavaču Maka Dizdara

Author(s): Džemajla Smlatić,Belkisa Dolić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 32/2021

Conceptual metaphor is a cognitive mechanism often and gladly used in all discourse types, but it shows its maximum potentials in literature as it demystifies in an efficient and unique manner the experience, perception and mental schemas of a particular speaker – as both a member of a group and an individual. This paper analyzes the application of conceptual metaphorization in Mehmedalija Mak Dizdar’s Stone Sleeper with the concepts of life and death in the position of target domains with the aim of questioning its purpose, motivation and originality. The conceptual metaphors used in the collection are a clear reflection of the notion of human existence in the Bogumil spiritual tradition (the extremely negative intonation of the worldly and the rather positive intonation of the otherworldly reality) but, as it also turned out, in universal human thought. With each new insight into the motivic-thematic world of Dizdar’s poetics, its formal exceptionality and inexhaustibility of content are reaffirmed. This time, it was achieved using the apparatus of cognitive linguistics, i. e. by finding innovative metaphorical linguistic units expressing conventional conceptual metaphorization in Stone Sleeper.

Kolumna kao novinsko-publicistički žanr

Author(s): Indira Kučuk-Sorguč / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2021

Although the "column" is very popular and in the media reality highlighted as written genre, in communicology as science its specificity and distinctiveness as gender or genre is talked about very little and two-sided. The scientific communication apparatus has long doubted whether the column is a separate genre at all, classifying it into other genres and thus denying its peculiarity and distinctiveness, qualitative diversity, linguistic and stylistic specificity and heading independence. Even after it was classified as press-publicity genus, declining did not miss out and it created aureole of controversy and division in the understanding of the column in the professional literature. This is a historical-communicology study that provides a comprehensive insight into the topic of definition, history, media significance and values that the column occupies in the Bosnian public. Similarities and differences between other newspaper genres and the column are also noted, with special emphasis on the differences between the commentary and the column. Analysis that was built includes the paradigm of columnist work of three Bosnian authors and emphasizes the distinctions in their journalistic expression.

Ne(mai)uitarea – expresie lingvistică și construcție textuală în poezia lui Traian Dorz

Author(s): Florina Băcilă / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

Our paper’s aim is to take into consideration the textual construction (and, implicitly, the linguistic expression) of the concept ne(mai)uitare (unforgetfullness), as it appears conveyed in some representative lyrical creations of Traian Dorz – a contemporary Romanian author whose work represents, undoubtedly, the fruit of some spiritual experiences that decisively marked his existential path. Besides, the relationship of the human being with God (in the dimension of the terrestrial, but also from the perspective of eternity) remains a constant theme in this work dedicated to His unicity, the amazing feeling of permanence that characterises His presence, in connection with which everything is constantly situated on the coordinates anchored in the individual or collective memory. As a result, we will have in view the fact that such poetical confessions are contextually materialised in several ways, through the means of some structures including elements from this semantic field, of some nominal groups and of some verbal phrases with expressive values that come to build, in the complex vision of the author, the image of unforgetfullness – ne(mai)uitarea –, it equally implying living and confession, artistic creation and spirit of sacrifice, communication with God and with his fellows.

POJAVA I ŠIRENјE TERMINOLOGIJE INSPIRISANE PANDEMIJOM KOVID 19

Author(s): Biljana Naumoska-.Sarakinska / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 01/2022

In just less than two years, the COVID-19 pandemic has managed to leave a mark on a number of areas of life and fields of study, and linguistics has not been exempted. As everyone deals with the ‘new normal’ brought about and shaped by the pandemic, we have had to rise to the challenge of deciding how to talk about the influence of the virus on our day-to-day lives. The constant changes that are occurring in medicine, politics, education, entertainment, among others, reflect the need for a greater use of already-existing lexemes, as well as new terminology that will help us make sense of those societal changes. The English vocabulary is a work in progress, and the lexeme formation processes that occur are intensified by our online presence during the months-long lockdowns, quarantines, and restrictions. People’s creativity during online communication has resulted in many new terms and phrases, some of which have already been noted in online dictionaries – from the Oxford University Press and the Cambridge University Press, to Macmillan and Merriam-Webster. The lexemes looked at in this paper have been taken from a variety of mainly online sources, however, not just from the said dictionaries. This paper will take a closer look at the meaning and function of these increasingly used lexemes, as well as the processes that have taken place in their creation, such as affixation (zoomwear), compounding (social bubble), clipping (isolation), blending (covidiot), and abbreviation (WFH – working from home).