Читалищни народни университети

Author(s): Penka Tzoneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2021

165 years separate us from the creation of the unique structure for Bulgarian education – the library community centers. The evolution of their functions has an unchanging focus – raising the cultural and educational level of the population regardless of gender, age, beliefs, ethnicity and religion, carried out in different, historically originated forms. One of them is the Library folk university – a higher form of library education in its capacity of the most popular extracurricular education. The derived practices and approaches applied by the people's universities in the process of education of the local population according to its real spiritual and social needs are a valuable experience for the modern educational policy, called to be an active factor for self-education and lifelong learning.

За музикалнофолклорното творчество и работата на някои културни институции по време на пандемия

Author(s): Radka Bratanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The article regards and analyses examples from the new musical creation, inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic. Those examples are published on the global network and contain some intrinsic features of folklore. The most important among these features is the reaction to events or occurrences from the current life of society. Object of analysis is also the activity of certain cultural institutions, such as community centres (chitalishta), schools, dancing or hobby clubs, retired people’s clubs and schools for folklore singing and folklore instruments, during the pandemic. The author also features some cases of postponing or cancellation of festival activities on local level and the performance of local non-professional artists in such shows.

Ontology of the Digital Culture: World Trends and Chinese Advanced Experience

Author(s): Denys Svyrydenko,Olena Yatsenko / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2021

The concept of digital culture defines a set of values, practices, and expectations regarding the format of human interaction in today’s online society. Predictions of digital culture describe the specifics of the online environment and the general context of social life. The range of interpretations of digital culture varies between two poles: from the recognition of digital technologies as a way of presenting libraries, museums, historical monuments, etc., to the concepts of digital culture as a new socio-anthropological reality, the content of which is not limited to ICT. Culture as a phenomenon means the semantic unity of human activity, the desire to format social life following ideas and values, the movement from existing to obligatory, from actual to potential, and digital culture is an adequate response to the demands and challenges. People worldwide change their placement of everyday activity, and we could admit such huge transformation in the Chinese People’s Republic exactly obvious

„Задачата на преводача“ на Валтер Бенямин и невъзможността за пряко съобщение

Author(s): Kristiyan Enchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

The text analyzes the possibilities to think of pure language as indicated in the harmonization of modes of intention in the translation activity. This language is, in a sense, a regulative idea and it have to be liberated in translation. It is essential to distinguish between the modes of intention and intended objects, between what is named in pure language and what is „overnamed“ in human languages. One of the theses in this text – that language in its auto-relation undergoes auto-modalization – makes the connection with Kierkegaard's understanding of the impossibility of direct communication. The indication of the untranslatable is an opportunity in the language of the translator to insert as indicated the elusive in the translation and thus to introduce the use of a broken language. Awakening of the "echo of the original" means a „thinking more“ (according to Kant) through the figure.

Ново изследване за руската позиция към Балканските войни 1912 – 1913

Author(s): Hristo Berov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2021

Англоезичният пътепис за България в зората на ХХ в.: създател на образи и медиатор на идентичности

Author(s): Maya Boycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The paper is part of an empirical study of Anglophone travel books describing Bulgaria. Its subject are the images through which the topic of ‘Bulgaria’ is communicated to the British public at the beginning of 20th century. These images are found to be informed by the symbols of the dominant discourse iconography as well as by innovative approaches to the representational paradigm. The paper applies the historical discourse approach to the process of uncovering the link between the representations of Bulgaria in English travel writing and the models of identification deriving from the socio-political reality of the division between the colonial Great Powers and the marginal newly-liberated states. The constructivist focus on the continuous mutually constitutive interaction between social reality and communication is pivotal in the study. The travelogue is interpreted as a communicative act in the course of which the subject and the object position themselves and assume or attribute to each other identities matching their social roles. The images of „gentlemen“, „peasants“, „warriors“, unlock models of identification that either reaffirm the status quo in the British-Bulgarian relations or advocate a closer engagement of Britain with Bulgaria.

Как се прави показалец?

Author(s): Alexander Ivanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

A brief summary is made of prof. Yanakiev's views on the creation of indexes for different types of scientific publications, changes are noted in these views due to the development of electronics and computer-based text processing, and a comparison is provided with Prof. Yanakiev's practice in the book “Stylistics and language learning”.

Сектантското насилие в Пакистан – тероризъм, или дълбоки религиозни противоречия в обществото

Author(s): Miroslav Mirchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The report examines issues related to sectarianism in Pakistan arising from the unequal position of the minority Shia groups in the society. The main reasons are examined, as well as the activities of local terrorist groups and organizations like the Movement of the Pakistani Taliban and the so-called Local Taliban to destabilize the security environment and create ethnic ten-sion. Some of the measures taken by the Pakistani military and state leadership to regulate problems and create religious harmony and social security are also analyzed.

Propagowanie wychowania obronnego w kontekście edukacji morskiej, wychowania morskiego, tradycji i znaczenia związków Polski z morzem. Zarys problemu

Author(s): Bogusław Gogol / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2023

The importance given to Poland's relationship with the sea is significant for the Polish Navy, while for the state’s security and its economy, it is indisputable. The article aims to show how the idea of maritime education, here in the sense of aspiring to be associated in one's future professional life with work at sea, service in the Polish Navy, or, finally, with a passion such as sailing, is promoted and popularised among Polish society. The text attempts to answer the question of which of the themes presented in the public discussion in the "traditional" way (analogue media sources), as well as on the Internet, are of particular importance in this case. The paper reviews a variety of sources and attempts to identify the range and examples of literature, journalism, selected portals and websites, museums, etc., enabling a preliminary assessment of the scale and, to some extent, the methods of the social impact of the importance of defence education and maritime training. This is particularly important in the context of the new Homeland Defence Act of March 11, 2022. The topics related to defence, military and maritime training, maritime education and the relationship between Poland and the sea are present in the public space and are often discussed. This demonstrates not only its popularity but also its importance. Concern for the prospects of this subject is particularly important given the popularity among young people of professions related to the sea, including the uneasy service in the Navy. If the most modest prognoses of the prospects for the development of the Polish Navy remain, for the most part, only "on paper," the interest in tying one's life's destiny to the sea and the Navy will diminish among the young generation.

Лингводидактологически симулации в часовете по чужд език

Author(s): Mihal Pavlov,Milena Yordanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2023

In this article, the object of interest is the linguodidactological simulations in the process of learning a foreign language. In the context of the leading modern trends in the field of research in private linguodidactology, an attempt is made to outline the figure of the foreign language teacher as a “methodical screenwriter” and the tasks he performs to optimize the mastery of communicative competence through the perspective of linguodidactology simulations. The methodology used is analysis of sources, observation of positive practices and modeling of techniques for transposition of a linguistic-communicative fragment of reality in the learning process of a foreign language. Based on an analysis of achievements in the field of theory and practice of interactive foreign language learning, guidelines are formulated for the development of various types of simulation activities for mastering the studied language, in which the learner acquires a leading role in the learning process. A model for a widely applicable linguistic didactic simulation in the conditions of active foreign language learning is proposed and the main activities that should be performed to achieve positive results from its application in the learning process are outlined.

Памет за българската артилерия

Author(s): Nelko Nenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

The article presents facts and arguments about the creation, the heroic and glorious war path and the names of the battle glory of the first artillery regiments of Bulgaria, and specifically of the nine divisional artillery regiments that participated in the Balkan War 1912-1913. Data on the presence or absence of built monuments, memorial plaques or commemorative signs in honor of the artillery regiments in the areas in which they were established and/or quartered are presented. Photographs of the military monuments of the artillery regiments from the time of their creation to the present are shown.

Балканските войни – бойното кръщение на българското военно разузнаване

Author(s): Miroslav Mirchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

Балканските войни: човешки съдби между героизма и трагизма

Author(s): Stoyan Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

Наука и война – 1912 – 1913 г.

Author(s): Kalin Ranchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

In 1912 – 1913 Bulgaria fought the Balkan Wars. These were wars of national unification fought in territories with Bulgarian population. Therefore, among all the other issues that the representatives of the Bulgarian authorities had to face, they also had to take care of the study and preservation of cultural and historical monuments. This was all the more necessary as these territories were free for the first time and came within the borders of the Bulgarian state. And this would mean that the individual monuments had to be registered, their scientific importance assessed, and measures taken for their preservation. This led to the idea of organizing several scientific expeditions to Thrace, Macedonia and Dobrudja, in which the most eminent Bulgarian scientists were involved. During the wars, Dr. Bogdan Filov was commissioned to lead a scientific mission to Eastern Thrace and Macedonia to uncover, describe and collect archaeological and ethnographic monuments.

Балканските войни (1912 – 1913 г.) през погледа на американската дипломация

Author(s): Boyan Zhekov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

The historiography devoted to the Balkan Wars of 1912 – 1913 is considerable in volume. There is hardly any research however regarding the question how such a distant country as the USA “sees” the development of the two military conflicts in the southeastern part of Europe preceding the Firs World War. An excellent basis for putting the topic on the agenda is created by the available documents from the archives of the USA – both published and in digital version. Their inclusion in scientific circulation will not fundamentally change the general knowledge of the Balkan wars, but it will add some interesting touches to it. This is precisely the main, if modest, purpose of this brief paper.

9-а пехотна Плевенска дивизия по време на Втората балканска война по спомените на фелдфебел Иван Ковашки

Author(s): Docho Nikolov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3S/2023

The article examines the actions of the 9th Infantry Pleven Division in the Second Balkan (Inter-Allied) War from the memoirs of Ivan Kovashki, Company sergeant major of the 34th Infantry Troyan Regiment. These memories are a valuable source for the actions of the division as well as his 34th Regiment. The memoirs provide first-person information not only about the course of hostilities, but also about some fateful moments related to the soldiers’ mutinies in the division, saving the regiment’s flag, and relationships between officers and soldiers. A comparison is made between the facts transmitted through personal memories and the official (archival) documents of the division: relations, operational orders, reports, etc. The goal is to clarify in the most accurate and historically accurate way the reasons that led to the disbandment of the division, as well as to emphasize the heroism of its ranks who remained loyal to their oath to the King and the Fatherland.

Влияние на европейската политика за сигурност и отбрана върху развитието на космическия сегмент

Author(s): Tsveta Monova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

This report is devoted to research and examines the impact and role of the modern space industrial industry and is related to its space technology and innovation.

The Just-In-Time Approach Applied to E-Language Learning

Author(s): Cristina Sáiz Enfedaque,Antonio Martinez de Baños Carrillo / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

From industry to teaching, being competent implies knowing how to do things in a complex, adaptable, and reflective way in a variety of contexts. It involves the integration of knowledge, procedures, attitudes, and values whose mastery and application change throughout life. Besides this idea of being adaptable, we want to add the “just-in-time approach” (JIT approach), which had a boom during the pandemic of COVID-19 and which focused on providing learners with the language skills and knowledge they needed at the precise moment they required to accomplish a specific task or communicate effectively in real-life situations. Unfortunately, it also proved that a generation gap existed between 20-year-old students and their teachers of older generations. Current officer cadets have not lived without mobile phones or the Internet which drastically have changed the way we communicate and had a significant impact on our lives. New technologies made communication more accessible and convenient with beloved ones, colleagues, and the conduct of business operations. Networking was not only advisable but a must and the pandemic proved how useful online teaching was and how well-adapted our cadets were. New technologies made it possible to access the Internet from anywhere, providing instant access to information, entertainment, and services.

Войната в Украйна и сътрудничеството между Япония и НАТО: японската перспектива

Author(s): Boryana Miteva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

During 2023 NATO Vilnius Summit Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said that “no other partner is closer to NATO than Japan”. Indeed, Japan and NATO have a long history of interaction. The war in Ukraine significantly changed global security environment. This new challenge had an impact on the relationship between NATO and its Indo-Pacific partners, including Japan. NATO last two summits in Madrid and Vilnius were important not only for the European security, but for Indo-Pacific as well. This study aims to analyze how the war in Ukraine affects Japan-NATO relations, and what is the future of their cooperation and NATO‘s role in the Indo-Pacific region.

121 години от избухването на Илинденско-Преображенското въстание през 1903 г.

Author(s): Kalin Ranchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The text discusses the most important events in the development of the Internal Macedonian-Odrin Revolutionary Organization, the activities before and during the uprising, and gives a chronology of the Ilinden-Preobrazhenie uprising. The events of the chronology are presented in a condensed form, without their detailed description, and are traced in chronological order from their outbreak to their suppression.