Information Approach to Studying Byzantine Law: the Lexis and Texts

Author(s): Jurij Ja. Vin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

COLECŢIILE BIBLIOTECII – VALOARE ŞI CONTINUITATE

Author(s): Elena Cristian,Svetlana Cecan,Natalia Culicov,Radu Moţoc,Angela Hăbăşescu,Valentina Vacarciuc,Snejana Zadainova,Elena Ţurcan,Marina Şulman,Aliona Purici / Language(s): Romanian,Russian Publication Year: 0

Acest capitol cuprinde articole care vin să valorifice colecţia de carte a Bibliotecii Ştiinţifice USARB.

Are “Numbers” Enough For Accessing The Consequences Of Migration? How Remittance Is Widening The Inequality Gap In Ghana

Author(s): Stephen Asafo Agyei / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Over the years there have been presentations of many research-works on the so-called “migration and development nexus” with several schools of thought contributing significantly towards the concept as far as the theoretical framework is concerned. In particular, the New Economic Labour of Migration (NELM) stresses on the impact of financial remittances (an aspect of migration) and how it serves as an insurance for most family members. Significantly, there have been several statistical data from the World Bank which highlight on the role of remittance and how it could be a poverty alleviation tool. Whilst these assumptions and theoretical underpinnings seem to argue in favour of how migration could be a contributor to development and poverty reduction, evidence from the grounds seem to suggest quite a worrying situation. Indeed, we cannot discuss development robustly without shedding light on inequality. Thus, the inequality gap between the rich and poor as well as the monumental regional development gap keep widening as the beneficiary of remittances are normally those within the middle and upper class and the places where these live. With reference to Ghana as a case study, the prime focus of this paper discusses how migrants’ remittance is contributing towards inequality in Ghana. To address this issue, this paper is structured into two main parts. The first part discusses statistical data on remittances to Ghana with a review on the theoretical framework on the consequences of migration. The second part delve into the issue of inequality and the role of remittances, discussing options for a better future, with higher levels of social justice.

H.P. Lovecraft’ın “Dunwich Dehşeti” Adlı Öyküsünde Posthümanist Ögeler

Author(s): F. Gül Koçsoy / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

İnsanı, diğer varlıkların üzerinde istisnai bir özne olarak gören Hümanist bakışa tepki olarak doğan posthümanist düşünce, insanın varoluşsal kimliğini sorgular. Edebiyat, sosyoloji, felsefe, siyaset bilimi ve medya çalışmaları gibi birçok disiplinle ilintili olan Posthümanizm, insana dair yeni bir anlayış getirir: insan artık Hümanizm’in parolası olan ‘bütün şeylerin ölçüsü’1 ve efendisi değil, evrenin sıradan ve mütevazı bir üyesidir. Hümanizmanın sorgulanması Friedrich Nietzsche ve Max Stirner gibi felsefecilerle 19. yüzyıla kadar götürülebilir; ancak toplumsal karşılığını bulması, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra özellikle de altmışlı yıllarda, feminizm ve ırkçılık karşıtlığı gibi hareketlerle birlikte postmodernitenin kendini göstermesiyle gerçekleşir. “Bu hareketler Batı demokrasisi, liberal bireycilik ve herkes için sağlandığı iddia edilen özgürlüğe dayalı Soğuk Savaş belagatinin yavanlığına meydan okumuştu” (Braidotti 27). Bunundevamında seksenli yıllardan itibaren ortaya çıkan Hümanizma karşıtı fikirler bileşkesi olan Posthümanizm, insanların Rönesans’tan beri etik anlayışların tek yapıcısı, temsilcisi ve uygulayıcısı olduğu kavramına karşı çıkar. “Aslında Posthümanistler, teknoloji yönelimli geleceğimizde dünyayı ahlaki bir hiyerarşi olarak anlamanın ve insanı da bunun tepesine yerleştirmenin artık bir anlamı olmadığını iddia ederler” (ethics).

Angela Carter’ın Spekülatif Romanlarında Hümanizm Eleştirisi ve Posthümanist Belirsizlik

Author(s): Barış Ağir / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Rönesans ve sonrasında Batı düşüncesinde etkin bir felsefi söylem olarak kendine yer edinen Hümanizm, Orta Çağ Hristiyanlığının “Tanrı merkezli bir varlık ve toplum tasavvuru” (Evkuran 39) olan teosentrik dünya görüşünün reddedildiği ve odağını Tanrı’dan insana kaydıran “homosentrik paradigmayı”1(Best ve Keller 180) ifade etmektedir. Nicola Abbagnon’un tanımlamasıyla “hümanizm insanın değerini kabul eden; onu her şeyin ölçütü olarak tanımlayan, insanın doğasını, yetilerinin ölçüsünü (sınırlarını) ya da ilgilerini konu edinen bir felsefedir” (763). Aydınlanma ve Modernite ile birlikte düşünsel zirvesine ulaşan hümanizm, insanları Tanrı’nın vesayetinden kurtararak, seküler değerlerin benimsenmesini, teknolojik egemenliği ve bilimsel akılcılığı teşvik eder. “Batı medeniyetinin seküler ve rasyonel doğrularını bariz bir şekilde yansıtan” (Davies 9) hümanizm, insan-dışı yaşam biçimlerinde olmadığını iddia ettiği temel bir insan özünde ısrar eder. Dolayısıyla, hümanizm ve ona eşlik eden kapitalist düzen Ben / Öteki, Erkek / Kadın, Doğal / Yapay, İnsan / İnsan Olmayan vb. ikili karşıtlar yaratır. Egemen aklın öznesine dayanan bu karşıtlıklar posthümanist söylemde eleştirilmektedir. Çeşitli anlam kalıplarına açık, “birden fazla ve birbiri içine geçmiş” (Ağın 1) anlamlara sahip bir kavram olan posthümanizm, hümanist söylemin iddialarını kabullenmeyi reddederek, hümanizmin hegemonyasına meydan okumayı ve onu dönüştürmeyi amaçlayan bir dizi eleştirel söylemler bütünüdür. Gülnur Güvenç’e göre “posthümanizm, hümanizmin neden olduğu bunalımları açıklayan, düzenleyen veya bunlarla başa çıkmaya yönelik fikirler içeren bir şemsiye terim olarak kabul edilir” (49). İkili karşıtlıkları aşma yönünde, insanı fiziksel ve ontolojik olarak değişime uğratan gelişmiş teknoloji kültürüne posthümanizm de özel bir önem atfetmektedir. Posthümanizmin doğayı ve ekolojiyi de kapsayan tekno-bilimsel felsefesi, artık saf olmayan ve teknolojiyle dönüştürülmüş özneler üzerinde durmaktadır. Andy Miah’ın da belirttiği gibi, “teknolojik değişim posthümanizmin çağdaş temsillerinin bir merkezi haline gelmiştir” (271). Bu atfedilen tekno-kültürde organik ve doğal olmayan “insan/makine, hayvan/organizma/insan, fiziksel/fiziksel-olmayan melez” dönüşümler gibi “posthuman’daki ‘post’ ön eki insanın sınırlarını aşan hem ‘sonra’ hem de ‘öte’ anlamını işaret eder” (Buran 126). Bu bağlamda posthümanizm insanın tarihsel bir eleştirisinden yola çıkarak hümanizm sonrası döneme önceliğini verir ve teknolojinin dönüştürücü etkisini de göz önünde bulundurur (Yeşilyurt 9). Anti-hümanist, feminist ve postmodern düşünürlerin fikirleri ekseninde gelişen posthümanizmin özünde yatan niyet, hümanizmin insanlığa dayattığı totaliter büyük anlatıları parçalayarak, onları çeşitlilik ve akışkanlık fikirleriyle değiştirmektir. Bu özellikleriyle posthümanizm klasik hümanist kavramların eleştirisini yapan, yüksek teknoloji kültürünün dönüştürücügücüne vurgu yapan postmodern bir düşünce olarak da kabul edilebilir.

Reframing Migrancy Through Intersectional Analysis: Conceptualizing The Embodiment of Migration Experience From The Mexican-United States Migration Field Framework

Author(s): Renato de Almeida Arão Galhardi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Mexico-United States migration research rarely use the concept migrancy and migration analysis has often used migrancy “out of context”. By reviewing the usages of migrancy, I argue that migrancy is better understood as the embodiment of the experience of migration. I reason that the experience of migration is best captured through intersectional analysis. By addressing gender, ethnicity and class, migrancy can recapture migrant agency and bridge the gap between micro and macro analysis. Within the Mexico-United States migratory field, I argue that migrancy is a powerful concept that addresses the structuring forces that shape migrant experiences without sacrificing migrant agency.

A Family Resemblance: Migration, Work and Loyalty

Author(s): Frédéric Décosse / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Ayoub and Malika Amrani are husband and wife, former farm workerswho, for many years, came to France on OMI contracts to do seasonal work for a farmer in the Bouches-du-Rhône area. In the early 1970s, the young woman’s father and uncle, fellahs2from the Moroccan Prerif who had emigrated to the city, found a contract in the city of Grans, on the Crau plain, and gradually “sponsored” the next generation of migrants. In 1990, when Malika was recruited to join them, there were about ten family members already working on the farm. Though she was formally employed as a farm worker, she actually worked as a “servant” for the farmer and his family. Against the advice of her employer, who wanted nothing to distract her from her work, she got married and held a big wedding in Fez, to which her employer was invited. Ayoub, her husband, was recruited to work in the orchards. As a newlywed, Malika had more and more trouble accepting the abuse and bullying her parents had endured until then. She became increasingly opposed to her employer. 2000 marked a breaking point, when Ayoub fell from an apple tree and was seriously injured. His pelvis was fractured. Their employer was reluctant to report it as a work-related accident. The couple stood up to him, and the following year, none of the family’s contracts were renewed. It was a form of retaliation. It was a collective punishment, as if to remind the migrants that they were bound to their employer by the same duty of loyalty. This incident would have lasting consequences on Malika’s relationship with her family, who accused her of being selfish. In the meantime, Malika became a prominent figure in the movement to defend seasonal migrants’ rights, almost in spite of herself. Her story was the subject of several articles in the media and was taken up by the Collectif de défense des travailleurs agricoles saisonniers (Collective for the Defense of Seasonal Agricultural Workers) (CODETRAS).

MANAGEMENTUL EDUCAŢIONAL ÎN BIBLIOTECI: NIVELURI ŞI CONŢINUTURI

Author(s): Ludmila Corghenci / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The author argues the need for effective management of training, increasing the skills of library staff. It is important to show flexibility, a differentiated attitude depending on the level of education of the new employees, the time of employment, their acceptance of lifelong learning.

IMPACTUL REPOZITORIULUI INSTITUȚIONAL ÎN COMUNICAREA ŞTIINȚIFICĂ

Author(s): Silvia Gorceag,Olga Chirilov / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article presents an incursion into the stages of establishment and development of the Scientific Repository of the National Institute of Economic Research, which were determined by the principles of Open Access and Open Science. It also reveals the content and impact of open access publishing, both on increasing the visibility of authors and institutional scientific results.

RESEARCHGATE – PLATFORMĂ DE COLABORARE ŞI COMUNICARE ŞTIINŢIFICĂ

Author(s): Mihaela Staver / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Online communications in academic networks are becoming an essential part of everyday scientific practices and opening new opportunities for scientific activities. The academic social network ResearchGate is an advantage for expanding the process of communication between researchers, generating visibility, collaboration and cooperation. The study aimed to present the opportunities of the ResearchGate platform and to provide a clear picture of the way of activity of the members of the ,,Alecu Russo" Bălţi State University, including the Scientific Library, for regis-tration in ResearchGate, which offers amazing possibilities of communication and collaboration with the academic world.

O VIZIUNE ASUPRA REPOZITORIULUI INSTITUŢIONAL ORA USARB ŞI BIBLIOTECA DIGITALĂ

Author(s): Valentina Topalo / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

This paper presents the conclusions of the study on the impact of ORA USARB Institutional Repository and the Digital Library at Alecu Russo Balti State University. The study was conducted on the basis of the Questionnaire which contained eleven questions as a method of collecting research data and analyzed through Google Docs. The respondents represented 4 faculties:Faculty of Philology, Faculty of Exact, Economic and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Psychology and Arts, Faculty of Law and Social Sciences.The study revealed the satisfactory use of USARB's own open resource resources: Open Recearsh Archive (ORA USARB) and the Digital Library by the university community and beyond, the integration and recognition of the Institutional Repository in the global information structure. Also note worthy are the efforts of the USARB Scientific Library Virtualization Services Group and the Center for Cultural Events to promote information seminars, Information Literacy courses, educational events to demonstrate the advantage and increase open access.

COLECŢIA „CUNOŞTINŢE FOLOSITOARE” O BIOGRAFIE A EPOCII INTERBELICE

Author(s): Ana Nagherneac / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article highlights the rare book collection of SL USARB „Useful Knowledge", published in the interwar period by the most prestigious and oldest publishing house in Romania - Cartea Românească. Some moments from the biography of the collection are reviewed: the history, the structure, as well as the variety of the contents. The value of the collection consists in familiarizing the reader with information from various fields of human knowledge, the editors being firmly convinced that the healthy training of the youth will contribute to the progress of the country and the nation.

Atatürk Devri Türk Romanında Yeni Bir Mesleğin Yansıması Olarak Daktilo Kız Tipi

Author(s): Bilâl Kas / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

The Ottoman Empire, which started in the military field and came under the influence of the West in all cultural circles, lived its deepest area of influence in the economic field. While the Western states were turning to the Ottomans, the Ottomans, being aware of their backwardness, turned to the West. In this encounter, the Ottoman Empire entered into an economic order that changed over time, and the production-consumption relations were transformed as well as the changes in the fields of education, health, entertainment, science and art. The reasons such as the Ottoman entry into wars one after another, the decrease in the number of men, and the instability in the economy accelerated women’s entry into business life at the beginning of the twentieth century, when they began to show themselves. The modern Turkish woman, who successfully proved herself in the “men’s world” since 1908, continued to show her presence after 1923.The social truths of the period are also reflected in the novels. After 1923, the demand for female employees in banks and various companies led to the birth of “typewriter girls”. This type has found a great place in Atatürk Era novels. In this study, the reflections of the typewriter girls in the novels were compared with the realities of the period, and thus, the place of the women of the Atatürk Age in both literature and working life was seen, and where the Republican woman came from in her working life was determined.

Netflix Türkiye “Orijinal” Dizilerindeki Cinsiyet Temsilleri Üzerine Feminist Bir Okuma

Author(s): Hasan Cem Çelik / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Numerous empirical studies on television, the most widely used mass media today, have shown that television viewing has a significant impact on viewers’ conceptualizations of social reality, gender role attitudes and gender-based behaviors. Therefore, the definition of women provided by television content has a social significance. However, in recent years, the increasing popularity of video-on-demand (VOD) platforms has threatened the long-standing dominance of television, and thus viewing habits are rapidly shifting towards these platforms. However, there are no studies in Turkey that address gender representations in the context of these platforms. In this context, the subject of this study is the gender representations in the “original” series of Netflix, which has the highest number of users among these platforms. Accordingly, the gender representations presented in 107 episodes, which constitute the entire first seasons of 14 original Turkish-made series released on Netflix from 2018 to 2023, were subjected to content analysis. The results obtained were compared with previous basic studies on this subject in the context of television series. The findings revealed that, just like in television series, women are significantly underrepresented compared to men, they are usually characterized in supporting roles, these characters, who are mostly positioned as housewives, are isolated from working life, and that the predominance of female actors such as producers/directors/screenwriters involved in the series production process does not have any effect on gender representations and positive stereotyping. In other words, although Netflix seems to be a carrier of democratic representation with its innovative and libertarian discourses, it continues to tell stories specific to television. The results obtained are discussed in the context of communication scientist George Gerbner’s upbringing theory and feminist theories.

Ev İçi Emeğin Sinemadaki İmgeleri

Author(s): Selime Büyükgöze / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

One of the most important steps toward devaluing domestic labor is to make it invisible. Women are seen as responsible for housework and care work due to the naturalization of gender roles, which is another reason why labor is devalued. Even when women do these jobs for money, they are still worthless. The discourse of love is the main reason why this relationship can continue despite the invisibility and devaluation of women’s labor. Because these jobs are done in the name of love in the family, it is difficult for women to refuse work and present it as a political issue. The appearance of domestic labor, which is divided unequally between men and women due to gender inequality, will be discussed in this study using examples from recent cinema from Turkey. In addition to domestic labor discussions on the unequal division of labor, materialist feminists’ analyses of patriarchal capitalism, and in this context, discussions on unpaid domestic labor, will be included. The form and possibilities of invisible labor becoming visible in cinema will be the primary focus of the research.

Digital Transformation Challenge of Transversal Competencies of Information Society: The Case of the National Library of Lithuania

Author(s): Saulė Jokūbauskienė / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Information society in our days displays digital transformation from both individual and organizational perspectives which explores the challenge of creation and the need for transversal competencies to fit into changing world and state policies within strategic intelligence decisions in upcoming years. The aim of the paper is related to strategic objectives emerging within public discourse in the case of the National Library of Lithuania determining the relation of public communication to strategic guidelines emerging during the process of such communication and collaboration and other important key transversal competencies. Information society in our days displays digital transformation from both individual and organizational perspectives which explores the challenge of creation and the need for transversal competencies to fit into changing world and state policies within strategic intelligence decisions in upcoming years. The aim of the paper is related to strategic objectives emerging within public discourse in the case of the National Library of Lithuania determining the relation of public communication to strategic guidelines emerging during the process of such communication and collaboration and other important key transversal competencies

Space Security Through Main Ir Theories

Author(s): Burak Şakir Şeker / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

When the space age started during the Cold War, two sides of the Cold War have dominated the space actions for a long time. Space has of course been considered as a means to advance security and decrease security of the adversary regarding the atmosphere of the Cold War. That’s why for a long-time space security have been defined as a state’s ability to place assets to space without being interfered. But today there is much more complex situation in the space when we consider that states, international organizations and even individuals are doing space experiments and launching many objects to space which makes the space more crowded. That’s why today we are in need of wider approaches rather than only military based ones in order to explain the complicated situation of space.

Diversificarea formelor şi metodelor de comunicare a documentelor în biblioteca universitară

Author(s): Ala Lîsîi,Ludmila Răileanu,Veronica Barbaroş / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

The article reflects the most important forms and methods of document communication used in the USARB Scientific Library. It is argued the application of new forms and methods of valorization and promotion of the Library’s collections at a distance,which offer amazing possibilities to satisfy users’ requests under the most favorable conditions and circumstances.

Създаването на национален електронен архив – неясни перспективи

Author(s): Antoaneta Totomanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The article substantiates the need to create conditions for depositing, registration, storage, and provision for the use of electronic documents distributed on the Internet. Their belonging to the national documentary heritage has been proven. The difficulties in depositing network resources are shown. The uncertain prospects for the creation of a national electronic archive in the country are outlined.

Probable Istanbul Earthquake and its Consequences as A National Risk

Author(s): Ali Bilgin Varlık / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The proven history of settlement in Istanbul dates back approximately 3 thousand years, and its history as a capital city dates back to 1600. The city has always preserved its feature of being a geopolitical, economic, and cultural centre of the regions covering the approaching lines of movement and communication between the Asian and European continents. Due to this feature, it became the capital of the empires that played a major role in the domination of the Old World and a crossroads where tribes met. Nevertheless, thanks to this award, it has become a center of attraction for the great powers dominant in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.