Monitoring the Air Pollution and Evaluation of the Impact of Aluminium Production in Talco

Author(s): RASULOV Oqil,SCHWARZ Marian / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

The study was conducted in the aluminium plant TALCO (Tajik Aluminium Company). The objective was to evaluate the concentration of harmful substances (in particular hydrogen fluoride, fluorine salts, and sulphur dioxide) in the air. Data were collected within 0, 1, 5, 10, and 12 km from the plant emission source. The concentration of hydrogen fluoride ranged from 0.0043 to 0.0037 mg. m-3 and fluorine salts from 0.58 to 0.002 mg. m-3. The highest concentration of fluoride was found between 7 and 8 workshops, which were under the maximum allowable concentration (MAC). Within 1 kilometre from the plant, content of the substances is at a maximum and the minimum is already within 5th kilometre from plant borders. The concentration of all substances sharply decreased within 1 km from the plant.

Development of Arctic Natural Resources by the Industrialized Countries in the Context of Energy, Ecological and Economic Security

Author(s): DUDIN Mihail Nikolaevich,LYASNIKOV Nikolaj Vasilevich,SEKERIN Vladimir Dmitriyevich,Anna Evgenevna Gorohova,BANK Sergey Valeryevich,BURLAKOV Vyacheslav Viktorovich / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

This article is devoted to the study and generalization of the most problematic aspects associated with the development of the Arctic zone. The purpose of this article is to analyze the ratio of social and economic benefits and potential environmental hazards that could lead to catastrophic consequences for the whole of modern civilization. To achieve this goal, the problems have been solved associated with historic overview of the periods of global expansion and development of the Arctic, research of the development of technologies that are used or will be used for development of the Arctic, research and analysis of potential environmental risks that may arise as a result of the aggressive expansion of the Arctic coastal and other states.

A Model for Environmental Quarry System based on Particles, Vibration and Noise (PVN) Components

Author(s): RAISIAN Komeil,YAHAYA Jamaiah,Aziz Deraman,Hamdan Abdul Razak,RAIS Izhar Abadi Ibrahim,YAHAYA Noor Zaitun / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

Environment is the surroundings in which an organization functions, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation. Surroundings in this context extend from within an organization to the global system. While the environmental impact refers to any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization's activities, products or services. Environmental Management System is the part of the overall management system that includes organizational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy. The aim of this study is present model for environmental quarry components which are particles, Vibration and Noise (PVN) object. In addition, this study presented that noise emission sources in quarries and construction sites as being emitted from; mobile equipment, fixed processing plant and equipment, transportation (road and rail), blasting and construction and vibration main classified to Air Overpressure, ground vibration and fly rock and the last noise also dust emissions inventory for quarrying are Drilling, blasting, Handling of limestone, and Mineral processing had high significance dust emissions. To examine the model some sort of descriptive survey has been applied. According to a sort of a group’s random choosing skim, the survey sample population consisted of 285 randomly obtained from people who are living and work surrounding Langkawi Quarry (Malaysia). A significant part of the result discovered environmental quarry relate directly with research main factors such as particles, dust and vibration and its sub-factors and the model be useful for environment quarry and practically environmental quarry system.

Institutional Aspects of Forecasting and Organizing Forests Management

Author(s): Saida Olegovna Apsalyamova,Bella Olegovna Khachir,KHUAZHEV Oleg Zakireevich,Valeri Pavlovich Zyzy / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

This paper considers issues related to the implemented reforms. They show that it is difficult and it takes muchtime for the forest-based sector to adapt to market relations and international requirements of stable forest managementbecause the forest-based sector has not been of top-priority for the development of economy in the Russian Federation over recent years. It is determined that the basic factor of inefficient forest use was the instability of the legal regulation offorest relations. It led to weak development of institutional forms of forecasting and organizing forests management. Itdefines basic forms of organizing the forest production, accounting and volume of cuttings of the main forests under thelack of capacities related to deep added-value wood processing in well-forested areas, as well as the increase in the shareof soft-wooded broadleaved species and necessity to expand the scope of active restoration of forests, above all the careabout young forests. The obtained results show a high level of differentiating the incomes of population, on those with highincomes who can buy wooden products.They mainly live in cities. Incomes of the rural population and people from small provincial towns and settlements,as a rule, do not make it possible to form stable demand for the construction of wooden houses, acquisition of furnitureand other products of added-value wood processing. The conducted researches show that the impact of climate andinfluence of climatic changes on forests can be both positive and negative depending on the country regions. It enables toimagine the impact of climatic changes on the forest-based sector of economy of the Russian Federation. It is proved thatthe use of the medium growth is not too convenient for estimating the impact of climatic changes on the dynamics offorests. The current growth is better for these purposes, but it is not defined in the contemporary practice of accounting scientific researches when performing forest works. The represented data show that along with this the adaptation of highlatitudes landscapes to changes of the climate is difficult in many aspects - ecological, technical, economic, and social. Itbecomes obvious that the problem of the vast territories of the Russian Federation, many-years’ frozen ground mustbecome the subject of deep scientific researches as well as a component of the international negotiations process relatedto climatic changes.

Improvement of the Institutional and Economic Mechanism of the Region’s Natural Resource Potential Assessment

Author(s): Sergey Frolov,SAMODAY Valentyna,MASHYNA Yuliya / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

The peculiarities of the sustainable ecological development issue are strongly associated with the necessity to improve the use of the region’s natural resource potential, which is qualitatively and quantitatively characterized and territorially bound. Taking into account regional development decentralization and creation of the natural resources market, which foresees the owner’s status change, the expediency of the further optimization of institutional and economic mechanism of natural resource potential use on the basis of its complex assessment is considered. Consequently, there occurred a necessity to work out in detail economic essence of the notion of natural resource potential and to improve theoretical and scientific-methodological aspects of its assessment. Based on the structural characteristics of the natural resource potential as system, unique natural complex, which is characterized by close connections and hierarchic subordination of all its constituents, structurally logical notion of the region’s natural resource potential is formed. Scientific and methodological sources of natural resource potential, natural resources theory itself is the basis for formation of the region’s natural resource potential assessment, including fundamentally different approaches: comparative, cost and rent. Further, it is grounded, that rent approach is the most reasonable in the market economy, as differential rent withdrawal is not only an important source of the budget incomes of different levels and regulator of different kinds of activities in the territory context, but also a part of financial resources for preservation and reproduction of the region’s natural resource potential. In order to reveal the tendencies of the first kind differential rent value change under the influence of rent-generating factors change, functional dependence is offered. In the result of the research, theoretical and scientific-methodological approaches to the natural resource potential assessment were generalized and it is suggested to take into account dynamic nature of the rent-generating factors influence on the differential rent value as region’s natural resource potential assessment constituent.

General Tendencies in Modern Economy: Sustainable Development and Green Economy

Author(s): RUDNEVA Larisa Nikolaevna,Irina Gennadievna Pchelintseva,GURYEVA Maria Andreevna / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

The article overviews general questions on development of two key tendencies in modern economy overthe last decades - sustainable development and “green” economy. The paper defines the terms “green” economy,discovers its main characteristics, discusses its concepts and provides its evaluation, as well as predicts its development perspectives.

Educational Environment of University - A Model of International Students’ Socio-Psychological Adaptation to the Ethno-Cultural Characteristics of Society

Author(s): RADEVSKAYA Nataliya S.,VESELOVA Elena K.,DVORETSKAYA Marianna Ya.,Elena Yu. Korjova,MONAKHOVA Lira Yu. / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

The relevance of the research problem is caused by the modern discourse of international students’ socio psychological adaptation to the educational environment of high school. Therefore, this article is aimed atthe establishment of theoretically and practically based approaches to the development of the model of international students’ socio psychological adaptation to the ethno-cultural characteristics of society in theeducational environment of the host university. The paper deals with the socio psychological adaptation typology, structure and content of its species; defines the structure and content of the educational environmentas the model of international students’ adaptation to the ethno-cultural characteristics of the society; determines the content of the updating of the educational process of the high school through the realization of ethno cultural training modules focused on the adaptation of international students to the society; substantiates educational - methodical complex. The paper proves the efficiency of the identified educational - methodical complex using students’ readiness criteria: to plan their own interaction with the representatives of ethnicgroups in society; to choose cross-cultural alternatives in society; to manage the process of intercultural.

Increasing Community Environmental Awareness through Geodiversity Conservation Activities at Ciletuh, Sukabumi, West Java

Author(s): Dwi HADIAN Mohamad Sapari,Ayu Krishna Yuliawati,PRIBADI Krishna Nur / Language(s): English Issue: 02 (14)/2016

The demand for precious stone increased sharply threatens the environment sustainability. Geopark is one of the forms of sustainable development that implement new paradigm of natural resources management, which makes natural resources as a source of economic growth through tourism development. Geoheritage is geodiversity that is more valuable as an inheritance, as it became a record of an event on earth. Geological features are significant of scientific, educational, and cultural. Geological conservation is conducted on extraordinary geological phenomenon and the first step to take advantage of geodiversity which is through a planned program to protect its existence.Three main reason for geodiversity conservation, namely: has the values of science, which is beneficial for human life and ecosystems supporting, non-renewable nature, many forms of geodiversity very sensitive to disturbance, especially threatened due to various human activities. Ciletuh region have unique geological diversity and the age of the rocks are the oldest in West Java. The results showed that the level of public awareness of the environment is still low, because they tend to prioritize their livelihood, and have thetendency to exploit natural resources. Therefore, it is needed a strong environmental campaign to raise public awareness that geodiversity needs to be protected.

Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Multicriteria Sustainability Assessment of the Regional Socioeconomic Systems Development

Author(s): Olga Ivanovna Shatalova,NATELNOVA Natalia Nikolaev,Kobozev Anatoly Kuzmich,KOBOZEV Mikhail Anatolyevich,VOROBYEVA Elena Alekseeva,SHEKHOVTSOV Evgeny Vladimirovich / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (15)/2016

The authors proposed and implemented a method of sustainability assessment of the development of the regionalsocioeconomic systems in the article, based on a systematic approach and methods of spatial econometrics, whichenables the typology of subjects at the meso level, scenario forecasting of the development of the regional systems forthe medium term, and coordination of regional development programs. The purpose of the present study is thedevelopment of theoretical and methodological basis of determining the sustainability level of regional development, aswell as practical testing of the proposed methodology of multicriteria sustainability assessment of the spatial and dynamicdevelopment. In the course of the study, the methods have been used such as dialectical, monographic, analytical,10 Stavropol, 355002, Russia11 Stavropol, 355017, Russia12 Stavropol Branch, Stavropol, 355012, Russia13 Stavropol, 355029, RussiaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v7.3(15).11Volume VII, Issue 3(15), Fall 2016459systematic, economic and statistic, target-oriented and strategic management. The methodology was tested on theexample of regional development indicators of the subjects of the North Caucasus Federal District of the RussianFederation. This methodology opens opportunities for further growth in the studied regions and allows determining thelevel of sustainability of regional development of the entities of the macro region with great precision. Based on thepractical results, the current trends and patterns of the subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District have beenidentified, and the conclusion can be made on significant differentiation of the components of the test subjects of theFederal District within the allocated areas of study for the entire analyzed period.

Mega Sporting Events and Air Pollution: The Case of the Super Bowl

Author(s): SILVA Carlos G.,Comfort F. Ricketts / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (15)/2016

In attempt to improve local economy, local officials often seek to host major sporting events. While previousstudies have examined the economic costs and benefits of such events, some prospective externality costs related tochanges in ambient air quality have not yet been included in those evaluations. This study focuses on the possiblechanges of Particulate Matter (PM10) and air quality during the Super Bowl. Particulate Matter are suspended particleswhich are present in the air, these particles when inhaled can lead to negative health effects. Statistical models areestimated using daily data from EPA’s Air Quality System which measures particle pollution (PM10) as well as air quality(AQI). Estimates using PM10 measurements and AQI reveal similar outcomes, although the Air Quality Index model hasa better fit. Significantly higher levels of pollution are observed on Super Bowl Sunday while accounting for a variety ofconfounding factors. The concentration of pollution varies by distance from the stadium hosting the event, it would bebeneficial for future research to have more active monitoring stations on the day of mega-events such as the Super Bowlin order to increase the ability to analyses and understand the environmental consequences of hosting the event.

Studying the Ways to Reduce the Harmful Effects of Plastic Bottles in Municipal Solid Waste on the Environment in Small Towns

Author(s): Zulfiya E. Bayazitova,ZHAPAROVA Sayagul B.,MUKHAMADEYEVA Railya M.,TLEUOVA Zhulduz O.,Lyudmila A. Makeeva,YELYUBAYEV Sagintay Z. / Language(s): English Issue: 03 (15)/2016

Energy Awareness and Conservation Behavior of Russian Residential Households

Author(s): T. Yu. Anisimova,A.R. Sadriev / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

The programme aimed at the increase of energy efficiency of the economy has been implemented in Russia in the last10 - 15 years. The corresponding regulatory base and energy-saving programmes were worked out at both national and republic levels. The results of this programme were sufficient up to 2008. However, rather insignificant changes have takenplace in Russian energy efficiency since the world financial crisis of 2008. So, it is impossible to speak about any positive tendencies. It means that energy-wasting activities, taking place all over the country, exceed the positive effects of energy saving by enterprises. It is partly due to the population of Russia that comprises 150 million people. According to the research,68% of urban population has no ideas about management of energy consumption in their households, and 54% of urban people are not going to do it in the perspective. As a result of the research, different activities, aimed at promotion of energy efficiency, were proposed. We hope that the realization of these activities will facilitate the increase of energy efficiency of our country and, thus, the increase of the quality of the world ecosystem.

Analysis of Selected Forestry Indicators in Hungary and Slovakia in European Area

Author(s): KOREČKO Jaroslav,Suhányiová Alžbeta / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

In this paper we would like to examine similarity respectively the diversity of selected economic and other aspects of Slovak and Hungarian forestry. We have analyzed the structure of ownership in forestry, species composition of forests, timber trade, employment in forestry sectors, international timber trade and other significant indicators. Than we have focused onseveral forestry indicators within the whole European Union. We have used them as the input data for cluster analysis to verify assumption of similarity in the examined group of states. We have used hierarchical and also non-hierarchical methods of clustering. Main objective of the paper is to explore several indicators of Hungarian and Slovak forestry, compare them, try to identify issues and formulate some proposals for forestry in the future.

Methodological Approaches to Evaluation and Analysis of Labor Efficiency in the Spheres of Fuel and Energy Complex

Author(s): VANCHUKHINA Lyubov I.,Tatyana B. Leybert,KHALIKOVA Elvira A. / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

The article is devoted to the issues of methodological approaches to evaluation of labor efficiency in the spheres of fuel and energy complex of Russia and to the analysis of factors that influence its level. Special attention is paid to domestic and foreign approaches to quantitative evaluation of labor efficiency, used not only for a specific enterprise but for determination of its level on the whole for the groups of enterprises and spheres of industry. The authors systematize thetraditional methods of evaluation of labor efficiency in view of sectorial specifics of functioning of the spheres of fuel and energy complex of Russia. Mathematical models of factor analysis of labor efficiency in the spheres of fuel and energy complex are developed which allow evaluating the influence of effectiveness of use of main capital and investment activity of enterprises.

Some Determinants of Green Consumption Behavior: A Study on Green Consumers

Author(s): AYDIN Hatice / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

The usage of environmentally friendly products has been growing in recent years, and many factors affect such usage. The present study explains the influence of some important determinants on green consumption behavior. These factors namely, consumer effectiveness, environmental knowledge, and environmental concern were determined as input variables whereas; green consumption behavior was an output variable. A survey was conducted to green consumers in Istanbul. The results indicated that perceived consumer effectiveness, environmental concern, and environmental knowledge had a significant positive effect on green consumption behaviour.

On the Need of a Comprehensive Risk Assessment of the Implementation for Major Infrastructure Projects in Kaliningrad (Vistula) Lagoon

Author(s): GUMENUK Ivan S.,Kilesov Alexander V.,GRITSENKO Vladimir A.,CHERNISHKOV Pavel P. / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

Kaliningrad /Vistula lagoon is divided by state border into two approximately equal parts that belong to the Republic of Poland and the Russian Federation. In the context of cross-border nature of the gulf, the implementation of large-scale projects– projects for the construction of a deep water port in the Russian part of the gulf or the navigable channel on the Polish partof the spit – acquire the level of international cross-border projects that require coordination and approval at the international level, as the effects (primarily geo-ecological) from the implementation of such projects affect both sides of the unified nature system of the bay. As part of this work, the authors analyze the complex and in many ways contradictory situation around the Polish project to build a navigable channel through the Polish part of the Baltic/Vistula spit. The main conclusion that the authors make – projects of this magnitude require the joint interstate approval, including the consent of all the inhabitants of the coastal areas of the Kaliningrad / Vistula bay.

Scientific Rationale for the Use of Wastewater as an Alternative Source of Irrigation under Water Deficit

Author(s): VASILYEV Sergey Mikhaylovich,Yulia Evgenyevna Domashenko / Language(s): English Issue: 04 (16)/2016

This article presents the scientific rationale for the application of waste water as an alternative source of irrigation underwater deficit. The purpose is to develop technological solutions for the use of the drainage effluent as an alternative source of water in reclamation systems. This research investigated the process of filtration through the filter element, which is made onthe basis of coal production waste and has a cylindrical shape with a cavity inside that is filled with the sorbent based on rice husks, and developed a method for the preparation of the drainage effluent for the agricultural use. Studies of the filtration process were carried out on the models of the radial pressure filter. The results of the conducted research on the pressure loss increase in the filter element have shown that when the diameter of the grains of the filter element is increased, there is a reduction in the pressure loss increase with respect to time. At dg=0.18 mm the critical dirt-holding capacity starts at 3 hours of the filtration process, at dg= 0.23 mm – 6 hours, and at dg=0.71 mm –14 hours. The efficiency of purification when using the developed filter element depending on the diameter of the grains and the filtration rate decreases over time, and towards the end of the filtration cycle (15 hours), their content isreduced from 8.2 to 0.2 mg/dm3 at a uniform filtration rate. The method helps to improve the quality of the preparation of the drainage effluent for crop irrigation, to expand the range of the use of drainage water, having a different chemical composition ,and to simplify the process of installation of the filter elements through the use of more light weight construction.

GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ LANGŲ KONSTRUKCIJŲ ŠILUMINIŲ SAVYBIŲ TYRIMAS NAUDOJANT INFRARAUDONOSIOS SPINDULIUOTĖS METODĄ

Author(s): Vaidas Pribušauskas,Danguolė Plungytė,Kęstutis Lukoševičius / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2019

The main aim of the paper is to determine the thermal bridges through which infrared heat is lost through infrared method.The results obtained during the tests were compared with the technical requirements of construction. Thermovision measurements of window structures were performed in accordance with LST EN 13187:2000. A total of eleven windows operated under real conditions were measured.The main purpose of the study is to analyze and compare leaks or anomalies in residential window constructions. In residential buildings, windows are the most heat-conductive structures, which makes it difficult to assess their thermal properties. In real-life thermovision studies, it is possible to detect leaks in window structures and to determine the temperature changes of thermal bridges. The data obtained from the direct investigation are compared with the regulatory requirements of the Regulation.Infrared method was chosen for the study of building window structures, which allows to measure the temperature of structural surfaces of windows under realistic (operational) conditions, without the use of structural dismantling techniques. This is the only method used in civil engineering to get this kind of data.The main objectives of the research: To determine and compare the design and existing thermal technical characteristics of windows; Investigate invisible, fundamental windows problems that increase heat loss.During the research, the temperature of the thermal bridges of window constructions was measured with the FLIR B335 thermal imager, and the obtained data was analyzed with the program FLIR Tools.After detailed measurement of one-window technical indicators and identification of major non-conformities with regulatory requirements, the main focus was on the anomalies identified. Analyzing the obtained data of thermal bridges, the most conductive places of heat were determined.Findings of the study: Investigating the thermal properties of residential window structures from the inside (premises) by infrared method, visually visible heat loss through all structures of the object and thermal bridges could be observed. The intensity of the emitted energy is directly proportional to the body temperature and depends on the radiant power of the body surface. The problematic locations of the thermal bridges of the sliding partitions of the building are: frame and sash flaps, junction of window sills and reinforced concrete flaps, as well as junction of window block with masonry wall. Surface temperatures do not meet the requirements of the Technical Building Regulations at these locations: frame and sash flap – 91 percent, window sill joint – 64 percent, reinforced concrete lintel joint – 36 percent, window block junction with masonry wall – 27 percent. The average value of the minimum surface temperatures of the investigated window constructions is 36 percent. does not meet the requirements of the Construction Technical Regulation. Comparing all the minimum surface temperatures of the studied structures, the maximum heat loss was obtained through the joint of the frame and sash and the window sill joint. The results of the study could be used in practical / application - oriented ways in the selection and decision making of window installation, maintenance and operation.

AUTOMATSKA PODMAZIVANJA KOTRLJAJUĆIH LEŽAJEVA

Author(s): Slobodan Jurić,Rodoljub Blaženović / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian Issue: 2/2019

Working correctness, high capacity and good working condition are highly important characteristics of any machine part or machine as a whole. The basic feature of any machine is its capability to work properly in extreme working conditions. At the same time, reliability demands are extremely high, which has led lubrication manufacturers to offer to the market a wide array of innovative, reliable and eco-friendly lubricants. The aim of this paper is to present new technologies used for automatic lubrication of rolling bearings in the machine industry.

D-optimal Design Application to Study Enhanced Biostimulation of Used Motor Oil Contaminated Soil

Author(s): Kabir Abogunde Abdulyekeen,Abdulhaqq Ameen Ibrahim,Abdulkadir Aliyu,Abubakar Salis,Mahiru Datti Magaji,Lydia Oluwafunsho Ijaola / Language(s): English Issue: 05/2019

The indiscriminate disposal of fresh and used motor oil into the environment (land and water) is a common practice in Nigeria and this practice has contributed to its soil contamination and makes up a greater percentage of polluted ground in the world. Over the years, the contamination of auto-mechanic workshops by used oil and fresh oil has been left uncared for, Soil contaminated with fresh and used motor oil creates a serious effect on plant tissues, soil components, and its microorganisms, human and other animal health. Optimization of a biostimulation process used in the treatment of used motor oil contaminated soil has been carried out. D-optimal design of response surface methodology with one numerical factor and a categorical factor at two levels was employed to generate 10 experimental runs for the biostimulation system. The input variables of the system were palm bunch ash (a stimulant) and pollution level. The two levels of the latter factor considered were 5% and 10 % (w/w) pollution level, while the response of the system was oil and grease (O&G) removal. The biostimulation experiments were carried out according to the RSM design, and the experimental data obtained were analyzed using the quadratic model. The results of the analyses showed that the developed quadratic model was able to represent the system with both input factors affecting the system significantly since p-values for the model was found to be less than 0.05. The results also showed that O&G removal was affected by both the PBA and the pollution level. It was also observed from the numerical optimisation carried out that 100 % and 83.36 % O&G removal was attained at 5 % and 10 % pollution level respectively after ten weeks of the study. The findings of this work revealed that palm bunch ash (PBA) can be used as a stimulant for the bioremediation of used motor oil contaminated soil. Thus, its application in the treatment of oil-contaminated soil is highly recommended.