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The present study was conducted to evaluate the relation between the subjective perception of quality of life and the level of physical activity and its frequency in elderly people. The study recruited 58 elderly volunteers aged 65–89 years (23 male, 35 female). All subjects were in good health without medical treatment and living independently. We used the questionnaire Subjective Quality of Life Analysis – SQUALA and The International Physical Activity Questionnaire – IPAQ-short. The present work showed positive increase in the subjective perception of the life quality with realization of physical activity twice a week and more.
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This article proposes a literature review about the movement and orthopedic problems based on postural instability in visually and hearing impaired people. Visually and hearing impaired people are a potentially weakened target group with regard to the genesis of various orthopedic problems as well as morphological and structural foot deformities. The foot has an important functional relation within the lower limb and body. The paper clarifies the causes, mechanism of development and results of these problems. The article is supplemented by personal statements of the impaired on the occurrences and manifestations of specific pathologies in their daily lives.
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Focused on supporting systems for preschool inclusion of children with ASD,the research is aimed at exploring the collaboration between different support providers within the supporting systems. The researcher adopted a qualitative paradigm, and collected data through interview and observation. Grounded theory approach was applied to analyze the qualitative data, and to develop theories that can further interpret the reality and offer new insights into the practice of collaboration. The interaction between different support providers forms a network within the support systems. The collaboration between support providers varies in term of ways of communication, frequencies of collaboration, content/ways of collaboration, and effectiveness of the collaboration.Different factors influenced the practice of collaboration.
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The contribution explores the faith of the early church in the resurrection and its influence on the Pauline view of man. Examining Paul's understanding of the resurrection concept, it considers the inaugurated eschatology schema and apocalyptic structure of his thought. Paul based all the hope for human life on the story of the risen Jesus. He under¬stands it not only as a way of overcoming death, but it also represents for him a source of hope for a new life. In such a life, man’s relationship with God is brought to its fulfillment, enabling full self realization of the human personality. Christ, the new Adam, represents both an ideal and a giver of this new mode of human existence: as Christ has always been, man is thus set free of slavery to sin in him and becomes led by the Spirit of God. Although man is already given the Spirit in his earthly life, Paul does not expect his complete spiri¬tualization before the parousia. Man’s change will happen abruptly and will include his physical transformation. In Pauline thought, Christ’s resurrection represents a promise of eschatological fulfillment of God’s creation act.
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In the article, we deal with death as a universal problem of human existence, which nevertheless experiences certain transformations over time, since it depends partly on the specific historical and social context. We talked about death with people who no longer practice traditional posthumous customs and whose religious belief does not affect attitudes towards death, i.e. with people who have a “mundane”, skeptical attitude towards death. The co-author talked with her informants from Croatia about the meaning and impact of the deaths of those close to them on themselves, but also the presence of death in their daily lives. In the article, we describe the notions, roles, and meaning that death has in their lives. Our anthropological orientation updated with this research is close to the thinking of Tim Ingold, who, wondering about the purpose of anthropological research, defined anthropology as philosophizing in the world and with people.
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The article deals with the understudied aspects of frontline everyday life: the casual life of military hospital trains during the wars of the first half of the twentieth century. During the functioning of the railway military evacuation service, its structure and management system was changing, the capacity for transporting wounded soldiers increased and the infrastructure improved. Meanwhile, most of the problems of the daily life of the military hospital trains remained the same. The purpose of this work is to reveal the research potential of the anthropology of extreme situations of war using materials related to the daily life of military hospital trains in Russia in the first half of the twentieth century. A wide range of methodological approaches, from social history to emotionology, can be used for the analysis of “small life-worlds”, an example of which was the intentionally constructed space of an ambulance train. Strategies for survival in the marginal circumstances of a mobile rescue vehicle and the extreme nature of being between the theater of operations and the rear – between life and death – can be explored in line with historical and anthropological approaches. In addition to archival materials, personal documents were used as the research sources. The corpus of the ego-documents of mid-level medical workers (sisters of mercy) is the most complete, with the ego-documents of sanitary workers and doctors less available and the narrative sources created by the railway employees practically absent. The interpretation of visual sources (photographs and newsreels) and the representations of an ambulance train image in artistic culture can also be challenging. The study resulted in identifying gaps for further research and finding resources for applying new research trends. Historical psychology allows us to consider the formation of adaptation practices in the field conditions of the war time and reveal the compensatory functions of cultural events in the limited space of an ambulance train. Imagology and gender studies can be effectively used to analyze interethnic and gender communication practices. Interdisciplinary research proves to be the most effective means for dealing with this topic and opens the possibility for the preparation of monographs.
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The subject of these considerations is to recall the need to analyze categories on the border of cultural archaeology, such as “folklore” in the context of visual perception as “archeology” of not only seeing, but also knowledge. So it is not an interpretation of a specific work or the work of one author. No less important for these reflections was the film Charming eyes [Oczy uroczne] (1976) by Piotr Szulkin (1950–2018), in which the director was inspired by a text by Jan Kasprowicz (1860–1926) from the series Stories and fairy tales [Bajki, klechdy i baśnie] (1922). The aim is to try to answer the question: Do the images, including the film ones, only present sensual perceptions about reality (and therefore, in a way, also of folk culture)? Or just our knowledge about it? Methodology: tools from cultural anthropology, semiotics, psychology of perception.
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Application of forensic identification methods to establish authenticity of a historical photograph is made. Joseph Smith Junior was the Prophet and founder of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, often referred to as Mormons. In 1844 Joseph and his brother Hyrum were shot and killed by a mob of angry men who opposed his church and its followers. Shortly after death, Joseph’s face was moulded, and a death mask was made. Photography was invented during the life of Joseph Smith Jnr and there are reports that he had a daguerreotype (photograph) taken, but no image has been verified to be of him. A photographic image of an Illinois man from the 1840s is linked by circumstantial evidence, such as similar clothing, to Joseph Smith Jnr and the photographer’s studio being close to where Joseph Smith III was at the time the photograph has been produced. A morphological comparison is made between the death mask and the photograph in order to establish the likelihood that the man in the photograph is the prophet. Sixteen points of anatomical similarity were found between the death mask and the photograph, the most compelling of which is asymmetry of the face and a possible scar in the area of the left eyebrow. Superimposition confirmed morphological similarity. Finding of close morphological similarity is not an ultimate proof of identification, but increases the probability that the photograph depicts Joseph Smith Junior. This is the first case of an anatomical comparison between a death mask and a photograph.
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Global South perspective rarely reaches the academic vanguard. While they represent over 80% of the world population, the voices from less developed regions often are ignored in academic debate. This fact produces an important disequilibrium in relation to the dissemination of knowledge, sharing of experiences and exchange of thoughts and, consequently, undermines and hinders the development of scientific disciplines. Forensic anthropology is no exception in this trend.The present article brings up the subject of the context of forensic anthropology in Brazil to demonstrate the interconnection of the professional situation of this discipline, its structural and bureaucratic limitations and their effect on the perpetuation of human rights violation. Various aspects of daily practice of forensic anthropology in a context devoid of basic resources generate a setting that affects both the victims and their families. Despite an outstanding performance and dedication of professionals, structural limitations often substantially affect the effectiveness of their service. The present article discusses these aspects in a conceptual framework of the relation between the practice of forensic anthropology and human rights violation. In this research, Brazil serves as a case-study, an intensively studied subject that brings interpretations that can be applied in a broader context.The article aims at opening a broader, international debate that would increase the visibility of the relationship between the practice of forensic anthropology and the structure generating and/or maintaining violence in a specific economic and legislative context especially present in the countries of the so-called global South.
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There have been only few studies investigating the anthropometric characteristics of female volleyball players. These studies have revealed a positive influence of volleyball training on the physical development and fitness level among girls and women. The aim of the study was to assess the anthropometric profile of young female volleyball players.Our sample consisted of twelve female volleyball players aged between 18-21 years with at least 5 years of training experience. The body height and mass, the thickness of skinfolds, longitudinal dimensions of the body, girth and breadths were measured. The body composition was determined using anthropometric and bioimpedance methods. Somatotype was determined according to the calculating method of J. E. L. Carter.The body height of the volleyball players was estimated as high, and the body mass – higher than average. Middle shoulders, narrow pelvis and prevailing of longitudinal dimensions were the most distinctive features of the body proportions of the female volleyball players. Although their thorax was narrow, the respiratory muscles were well developed. The male type of proportions was typical for players exhibiting a theinoid scheme (middle shoulders, long legs) according to V.V. Bunak. Our data showed high development of the muscular component of the body of volleyball players, comparable to females professionally involved in sport . Index of muscle development, based on the excursion of the shoulder muscles, was typical for female athletes – 9,92 ± 2,98 cm. We also found that the relative mass of the fat component was within the normal range for elite volleyball players. The central somatotype was found to be typical for the female volleyball players: endomorphy – 3,98 ± 0,58, mesomorphy – 3,38 ± 1,01, and ectomorphy – 3,67 ± 0,76.The obtained results describe the morphological profile of female volleyball players and can be used for the monitoring of their fitness level.
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Wormian bones (WB) are the irregular bone structures developed from additional centers of ossification. Although they are commonly found in healthy individuals, under certain conditions (number >10, mosaic pattern, large size), they can indicate pathology. While their coexistence with numerous diseases is well-documented, and various studies have reported their prevalence in populations of various geographic regions, no qualitative critical review of such studies has been conducted. The aim of this paper is to perform a critical review of research studies on the presence of Wormian bones in populations worldwide, with a particular emphasis on the methodology used and the selection of the samples studied.A sample of 44 original research articles was selected via PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Four criteria were assessed: 1) number of individuals in each group, 2) known sex of individuals, 3) selection criteria of individuals, and 4) implementation of the statistical analysis. The origin of the research sample was determined as well as the method of the WB calculation, and data on the WB prevalence worldwide was collected in tabular form.The reported size of the research samples varies from 22 to 628 individuals, derived from both contemporary and archaeological populations. Four major formulas were used in order to provide the frequency of WB. The sex of individuals was known in 18 (40.9%) articles. Most of the articles focused on Asian samples.The difficulties in comparing data on the Wormian bones are caused by considerable inconsistency in the methodology used to research this phenomenon. Therefore, the interpopulation comparisons currently made may not be correctly estimated. Our study highlights the need for using more comprehensive and consistent data collection as well as processing protocol suitable for populational research on sutural bones.
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Introduction: The Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) is a part of the palmar the forearm muscle group and one of the most important muscles for upper limb functioning - is responsible for flexion and adduction of the hand at the radio-carpal joint. There are clinically significant but rare anatomical variations of FCU. The variability of the FCU has not been described up to now, and no typology of the muscle based on its more variable terminal attachment has been created. Aim of the study: Determination of FCU muscle typology based on available fetal material. Material and methods: A total of 114 human fetuses (53 female, 61 male) between 117 and 197 days of fetal life were eligible for the study. Preparations were carried out using classical anatomical techniques based on a previously published procedure. Thanks to that significant anthropometric landmarks were visible for the gathering of metric measurements. Metric measurements were taken and statistically analysed using R-Project software. Results: A new typology was created based on variable muscle insertions. Additionally, the presence of an atypically located, additional, separated muscle belly was described. A comparison of measurements of the left upper limb in relation to the right upper limb showed significant differences for forearm length to the anthropometric point of the stylion radiale, limb length, total FCU length and FCU length which means that the left limb is longer than the right limb. A comparison of FCU insertion types between left and right upper limb showed there’s no significant difference between counts of each type. Conclusion: The FCU is a muscle that is easy to palpate and may therefore act as a topographical marker for healthcare professionals. Knowledge of its variability is not only of theoretical importance but also has clinical significance. The current publication demonstrates presence of variability in FCU terminal attachment. Certainly, this topic requires further research and continued work on a detailed understanding of forearm anatomy in the fetal period.
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Review of: COVID-19 u humanističkoj perspektivi, Ivana Katarinčić, Jelena Marković, Ines Prica i Ana-Marija Vukušić, ur., Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Zagreb, 2022., 661 str; Đordana Barbarić, Siromaštvo. Mrlja na savjesti čovječanstva. Prikaz okvira i mogućnosti suzbijanja siromaštva u RH, Udruga MoSt, Split, 2020., 77 str.; Zvjezdana Antoš, Zbirka pokućstva (The furniture collection), Etnografski muzej, Zagreb, 2021., 264 str; Mojca Ramšak, Social Impact of Wine Marketing. The Challenge of Digital Technologies to Regulation, Springer, Cham, 2022., 120 str; Katarina Horvat, Kućna služinčad u Zagrebu 1880.–1914., Srednja Europa, Zagreb, 2021., 353 str.; Dylan Robinson, Hungry Listening. Resonant Theory for Indigenous Sound Studies, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 2020., 288 str.; Sanja Đurin, “Hrvati su brend u Čileu”. Diskursi uspješnosti i pripadanja, Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Zagreb, 2020., 213 str.; Melanija Belaj, Obiteljske fotografije. Kulturnoantropološka perspektiva, Biakova i Institut za etnologiju i folkloristiku, Zagreb, 2020., 175. str.
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What role does the body play in the subject’s formation and in interpersonal exchanges? Does the body merely perform an instrumental function, or can it claim to be a subject of freedom? Thinking of the body within the framework of intersubjectivity requires reassessing the bulk of the philoso-phical Western tradition. Form the first-person’s perspective endorsed by this tradition, the exteriority of the body has been reduced to a weakness of human nature. Starting from Hegel’s account of the soul-body relation, as presented in the Anthropology, as well as some interpretations of “Lordship and Bondage” on the role of the body in self-doubling (Butler, Malabou, McDowell, Stekeler-Weithofer), I argue that embodiment is a process of (inter)subjectivation. The-matizing the predicative structure of corporeality, Hegel turns the constitutive exteriority of the human body into a potentiality of openness. Hence, Hegel’s dialectic of immediacy and mediation leads to thinking of the body’s universality in opposition to a monadic conception of subjectivity.
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The article discusses the works of two Polish writers of the youngest generation – Tomasz Bąk and Olga Hund – in terms of what role humor plays in the descriptions of mental illnesses and disorders they present. An essential assump-tion for this paper is that recent Polish literature is developing a model of narratives about mental illnesses and disorders that clearly departs from the conventions and traditions of presenting the aforementioned as a subjective confession of an indivi-dual’s struggles or creating a cultural myth about a disturbed person as one who has insight into metaphysical spaces inaccessible to others. Instead, psychiatric narrati-ves are framed in a non-individual context: social, economic, political. One strategy for moving away from confession and romanticizing illnesses and disorders is humor – in the article analyzed mainly through Sigmund Freud’s theory of tension release. The point of arrival of the analysis is an attempt to answer the question of the purpose of humorous textual strategies, by analyzing their community-forming (affiliative) and critical (aggressive) potential.
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Reluând o teză de doctorat în antropologie-istorie susţinută în urmă cu aproape trei decenii la Sorbona, In corpore, de Marius Lazurca (Litera, 2022) pune în discuţie o problemă care a traversat mediile culturale de-a lungul timpului, aflându-şi răspunsuri în funcţie de contexte ideologice şi istorice specifice. Deşi tratează şi hermeneuticile seculare ale corporalităţii (în antropologia stoică, de pildă), cartea are o miză clar formulată încă de la început: corpul reprezintă punctul privilegiat de acces către zorii naşterii creştinismului. Vom structura interpretarea noastră en deux volets: în primul rând, ne va reţine atenţia metoda de cercetare aleasă; în al doilea rând, ne vom opri asupra problemelor ridicate de antropologia paulină.
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