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The chapter explores theconcepts, typology, and policies on biodiversity related to the natural protected areas in Europe and Romania.
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This presentation aims to provide an overview of the urban transect and the smart code approaches. It casts the light on the importance of this approach and its role in enhancing the urban life in general. Also, it presents some international examples applied in this field.
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This paper presents the research whose aim was to investigate age-friendly urbanism characteristics and answer the question: Does managing the creation of age-friendly environments lead to sustainable development goals? Applying theoretical scientific methods like induction, deduction, analysis, classification, and description, a review of relevant scientific literature and legislative and strategic publications has been conducted. In addition to that, the case of the City of Osijek has been studied. The introduction of the paper presents aging and increased urbanization as two significant forces shaping living in the 21st century. Building onto those presumptions, age-friendly cities have been defined as those that foster healthy and active aging by enabling the more extraordinary functional ability for elderly citizens. The second chapter reveals characteristics of modern cities, emphasizing polycentricity to maintain humanity and functionality even in fast emerging megacities. Additionally, given the impact that increased urbanization has on sustainable development, the effect of sustainable development goals has been pointed out. The third chapter reviews the existing body of knowledge of age-friendly environments, encompassing municipal services, the social environment, and the physical environment. It also reflects on person-environment fit and elaborates the importance of the right to the city.
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The article discusses the importance of the zoning plan for spatial planning in tourism. One of the most important documents in the European area is the European Charter for Urban Planning, which determines the basic principles and objectives of urban planning in Europe. In the Czech context, the relationship of urban planning and tourism is historically made in the Tourism Regionalization in Czechoslovakia and in revised form under the title Update Toursim Regionalization in CSR and SSR. On the particular example of Čelákovice, the article introduces readers to the preparation and operating procedure of the processing entirely new zoning plan of Čelákovice taking into account its recreational development areas. These are located along the river Elbe, where are the objects of second homes, cycleways and now the brand new wheelchair accessible footbridge over the river is under construction.
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Ambiciózní plány, jak s pomocí supermoderních technologií nadesignovat životní podmínky na Zemi, mohou znít lákavě i leckterému příslušníku ekologického hnutí. Zvláště když se stav globálního ekosystému zdá být čím dál zoufalejší. Na Západě, především ve Spojených státech, se část takto přemítajících jedinců sdružila do proudu takzvaných neo-environmentalistů. Říkají, že bychom měli odhodit sentiment, vzít vážně skutečnost, že jsme už nějaký ten čas pány planety, a raději začít přemýšlet, jak konečně klimatickou změnu porazit.
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Cieľom nášho príspevku je predstaviť potenciál územia Slovenska pre jeden z tradičných spôsobov trávenia voľného času na území bývalého Československa a významnú súčasť domáceho cestovného ruchu, ktorou je druhé bývanie. Príspevok sa venuje priestorovému rozmiestneniu objektov druhého bývania a vyčleneniu potenciálne vhodných oblastí pre druhé bývanie, s dôrazom na chalupárenie. Hoci si uvedomujeme zložitosť problematiky a nedokonalosť použitej metódy vyčlenenia tohto typu objektov individuálnej rekreácie, pri analýze vychádzame z údajov o domovom fonde, získaných zo Sčítania obyvateľov, domov a bytov v roku 2001, pričom pracujeme predovšetkým s kategóriou neobývané domy v jednotlivých obciach Slovenska. Okrem existencie samotných objektov do skúmanej problematiky vstupuje aj ďalší dôležitý aspekt druhého bývania, a tým je dostupnosť potenciálnych cieľových oblastí zo zdrojových oblastí rekreantov, ktorými sú predovšetkým obyvatelia väčších mestských sídiel. V neposlednom rade nemožno opomenúť aj ďalšie faktory rozvoja druhého bývania v ťažiskových oblastiach, ktorými sú najmä prírodné predpoklady, ale tiež možnosti rekreačných aktivít v oblastiach s koncentráciou objektov druhého bývania.
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In introduction the approaches to defining rural space are briefly presented and some rural characteristics pointed out. This entry is followed by list of most serious problems of rural areas, especially peripheries. Article offers review of chosen approaches to rural development and diversification of agriculture. It mentions the significance of municipal authority and communal policy quality, the importance of ICT development and especially the role of rural tourism and it specific forms. Production regionalisation – creating network of local producers and promoting locally specific products can be a suitable way in todays world of globalisation, unification and anonymity of production. Environmental function of rural economy and taking care of lanscape is important as well. The article tries to find an answer on question, which steps is needed to do to make rural areas more attractive for inhabitants, young people, entrepreneurs or tourits and to stabilize rural economy and settlements. It is obvious, that rural development has many dimensions – economic, geographic, demographic, environmental, social, cultural, urbanistic, architectonic, but psychological as well.
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We tried to create an idea of landscape formation in the vicinity of gallows in Čejkovice, Ivančice, Tišnov and Lomnice at the time of their use with the help of the maps of Imperial Obligatory Imprints of a Stable Cadastre, local names, floristic data in old literature and above all our own field survey. Although the sites of the investigated gallows are located in different landscapes - from the Pannonian region to the eastern edge of the Hercynian region - all had previously supported a number of remarkable, endangered or extinct species of vascular plants. The common feature was the occurrence of steppe species spreading from the south, mainly due to agriculture and into the foothills of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. The current species diversity in the vicinity of the previously gloomy places is not so great, however, some memorable vegetation types and valuable species that are worth notice have been preserved.
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The steadily increasing landscape fragmentation and the reduction of permeability for wildlife are among the most negative impacts of human activity on the environment. In terms of education, these problems appear to be rather demanding, with the difficulty corresponding to secondary school standards. Considering the multiple interdisciplinary connections, the entire process cannot be sufficiently understood without a relevant amount of preliminary knowledge. Such a corpus of information is acquired especially through biology/ecology, geography and history classes, but links to other subjects can be found too.
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2019, in order to create an urban geoheritage trail in Liberec, it was mapped in the wider city centre. Considering the vastness of the area, mapping was carried out by volunteers who were interested in topic of popularization of geology but did not have the expertise of geological knowledge. This lack of expertise may seem to be a significant limiting factor, but in fact, it is a positive thing, as the knowledge of the mapping volunteer is at a similar (low) level to the future user of the educational trail. Thus, in the evaluation of geosites, the expert-layman barrier is eliminated and the benefit is the feedback of the future user. However, participatory research has its own specifics, which must be adapted to the methodology used. First, it is to ensure the homogeneity of the data that is collected by a large number of volunteers and which can be influenced by subjective influences. Furthermore, it is their professional value and practical application. Finally, yet importantly, the technical parameters of data that will be further processed in GIS. This paper describes the research methodology used and summarizes the experience with the use of participatory research for the purpose of mapping urban geoheritage in Liberec.
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Within the development of new regional geography, the role of human geographic research in the study of regions is emphasized. Regional uniqueness, a consciousness of belonging to a particular region and regional identity also play an important role in the definition of regions. However, physical geography disciplines, e.g. geomorphology, can also contribute to the knowledge of these aspects with regard to the definition of regions. Currently, within the framework of geomorphology, attention is paid to the diversity of anthropogenic landforms. The knowledge and evaluation of these anthropogenic landforms, which are an important part of the historical elements of the landscape and are also referred to as cultural artefacts of the landscape, enables to supplement the cultural-historical values of the region and to specify the cultural identity of the region. On the example of sites – Staré Hradisko and Hostýn – we will present the specifics of secondary geodiversity with respect to the cultural identity of the sites.
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Geological paths (geopaths, geotrails) represent a type of educational paths that connect sites which are interesting from the Earth-sciences point of view. These sites (e.g. outcrops, old quarries, historical buildings built of local stone or viewpoints) often represent the links between geodiversity and other phenomena within a region (which is in accordance with a holistic approach to geotourism). Thus, they can give complex information not only about the abiotic nature but also about biodiversity, history or culture of the region, usually through narrative. Suitable interpretation of geodiversity and its relationships to the biodiversity and cultural heritage allows to identify regional specifics, it helps to find the mutual connections between particular phenomena within the region and it supports the holistic perception of a given region. The contribution presents an example from the Brno city where the urban geopath can be used for teaching regional geography of Brno and its surroundings.
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Considering and deciding of future same territory is a complicated task requiring the cooperation of a wide range of stakeholders and institutions. When it comes to deciding in the areas or sites under UNESCO patronage, it is a process sensitive to other inputs, comments, evaluations and attention from all sides. The following paper provides a description of the main results of questionnaire survey aimed at obtaining data on traditional natural and cultural values in carrying out the protection and care of UNESCO monuments. The model territory were on the Slovak side of Vlkolínec (for 25 years on the list of UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage) and on the Czech side of the Slavonic fortified settlement in Mikulčice, which is a potential candidate for registration on the UNESCO list.
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This paper deals with applying of regional biogeography model of climate conditions for vegetation zones in Czechia to doctoral programme Regional Geography in Palacky University Olomouc. The model is based on general knowledge of landscape vegetation zonation. Climate data for model come from predicted validated climate database under RCP8.5 scenario since 2100. Ecological data are included in the Biogeography Register database (geobiocoenological data related to landscape for cadastral areas of the Czech Republic). Mathematical principles of modelling are based on set of software solutions with GIS. Students use the model in the frame of the course “Special Approaches to Landscape Research” not only for regional scenarios climate change impacts in landscape scale, but also for assessment of climate conditions for growing capability of agricultural crops or forest trees under climate change on regional level.
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Nowadays, we can observe that there is still not sufficient amount of textbooks in various areas of Education. One of these areas is also Environmental geography which is an important part of geography lessons at primary school. Therefore, our main intention in this contribution is to introduce design of the textbook for Environmental geography. Textbook that we have created introduces and solves environmental problems on global, regional and local level in a very detailed way. The aim of the textbook is to applicate all of the dimensions of environmental geography into each class at the second grade of primary schools in Slovakia. We have created didactic material which helps teachers during their teaching, as well as material interesting and engaging for students. The proposed textbook could be motivating because of many additional illustrations, various games and tasks using not only classical, but also modern didactic methods.
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The aim of this paper is to evaluate the quality of environmental visualization of selected regions in Czech geography textbooks for primary and lower secondary schools. The method of quantitative content analysis of visuals was used. The categories of quantitative analysis were defined based on the content of the environmental and geographical curriculum, for example landscape type, emotional charge etc. The results show a relatively similar structure of environmental visualization between textbooks: emotionally positive visuals showing the protection of cultural-historical heritage and protection of nature dominate. The exception is the Moravskoslezský kraj, which is visually presented in a negative way compared to other regions. In textbooks there are a minimum of abstract visuals or visuals showing the tendencies of environmental components.
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Drawing on the existing scholarship and the authors’ professional experience, this chapter discusses the external factors that influence outdoor environmental education programs: students, teachers and leaders, and nature. It examines some of the issues that have emerged in our research, such as the unpreparedness of student groups to learn in outdoor settings, the market-based framing of the relationship between schools and outdoor centers, and the ambiguous effects of pushing students beyond their comfort zones in the outdoors. The chapter concludes by highlighting some of the key decisions related to program design, namely the program’s length and the program’s linking with school curricula.
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How our outdoor experiences affect us depends on the meaning we derive from them. This meaning may be influenced externally by the frames created by program designers or leaders. In this chapter, we look at the design of outdoor environmental education programs from the perspective of framing theory. Accordingly, we analyze the ways in which program designers and leaders work with surface and deep frames, and how they use these frames to communicate the main messages of their programs. Based on our analyses, frames are considered important by program leaders. However, the application of frames in the practice of outdoor environmental education raises specific issues. This chapter briefly presents some of these issues and discusses their implications.
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This chapter focuses on program leaders’ personal theories of experiential learning. While the program leaders in our study all agree that outdoor environmental education programs should be experiential, the individual leaders’ personal theories of what and how students should learn by experience vary considerably. In this chapter, we identify three distinctive types of leaders’ personal theories and show that each type provides different answers for program design and implementation. We also analyze these personal theories’ weak points, their deviations from research-supported educational theories, and their other inconsistencies. Finally, we discuss the potential relationships between program leaders’ personal theories and the other crucial decisions regarding program design that were covered in the previous chapters.
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This chapter presents Examples of good practice for the creation of accessible urban space, which have been practiced by multiple actors in Brno city under specific circumstances and which can serve as inspiration and motivation for other municipalities in their barrier-free policies and practice. While being the source for inspiration can be their principal goal, another goal is to archive the good practice. The authors start the chapter defining themselves against methods guidelines for barrier-free space; methods are introduced as a certain conceptual tool for strict, systematic and universal creation of barrier-free/accessible space, which can be too binding and less open to eventual changes. On the other hand, Examples of good practice represent a different approach, open to eventual developments, unexpected phenomena and trying to inspire for creation of accessible space everywhere and every time, in pragmatic, unprecedented and diverse ways. As has been indicated above, Methods guides for barrier-free space can be bound by three universalities, which usually prevent experimenting and creativity. Examples of good practice aim to inspire and incent creativity, and thus represent a universal “will” to be creative, unhinged and active.
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