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Augmented Reality in the Presentation of City Monuments: A Case Study of “Bielsko-Biała AR Guide” Mobile Application

Author(s): Stanisław Szombara,Małgorzata Zontek / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2021

Augmented Reality (AR) is one of the modern technologies used for sharing 3D geospatial data. This article presents possible ways of enriching a mobile application containing information about 50 objects located in the city of Bielsko-Biała with an AR functionality. The application was created in two programs: Android Studio and Unity. The application allows to get to know historical objects of the city, encourages to visit them by adding virtual elements observed in the background of a real-time camera image from a mobile device. The article presents the statistics of the application usage and the results of a survey conducted among a group of testers. Feedback from application testers confirms the validity of using AR technology in the application.

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MILITARY EXPLOITATION OF GEOSPATIAL INNOVATIONS

Author(s): Dan Pomîrleanu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

The technological breakthroughs of the past decades have shaped the people attitudes to all types of information. Particularly, the wide spread of the Internet and mobile communications has led to an increase in the popularity of geospatial services and to the evolution of geospatial technology. The article discusses the way the technological advances in the field of geospatial information are used in the defence environment. First, the main ways the geospatial information is employed for planning and executing military operations are presented. Then, the advances in the fields of geospatial data collection, processing, management and distribution are separately identified and discussed. Finally, main conclusions and possible further military applications based on emerging novelties are presented.

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Agricultural Land Market in the Republic of Moldova: Retrospective Factor-Analysis and Developmental Forecast

Author(s): Tudor Bajura,Efim Zubco / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

Along with forest areas, aquatic areas and/or located under different infrastructure components (residential spaces, those intended for industry, transport, etc.) agricultural land constitutes: the largest share of the local land fund (61.2%); the largest physical area – 2496.4 thousand hectares and (as will be shown later) – the greatest natural wealth of the country. Being revitalized at the beginning of the current century (summer of 2000), the above-mentioned market showed dynamic rates of development, having as the main evaluation indicators both the sale-purchase areas and their market prices, the integral sums of money, reserved for carrying out transactions respectively and (as the end result) the stable functioning of domestic agriculture as a whole.

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GIS - Premise in the Quantitative Assessment of the Forest Fund

Author(s): Tudor Borșan,Ioan Ienciu,Luciana Oprea / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

This paper addresses the characteristics and use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) for quantifying forest lands in Romania and Alba County. Firstly, it presents a characterization of the national forest fund, highlighting its importance and extent throughout the country in the context of environmental conservation and natural resources. The identification of forest lands is analyzed through the utilization of data from the Corine Land Cover (CLC) program, establishing the groundwork for determining the indicator of the percentage of forested areas within the administrative-territorial units (ATUs).

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Using GIS in Territorial Crime Analysis

Author(s): Tudor Borșan,Levente Dimén / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

The paper focuses on the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in analyzing and understanding territorial crime phenomena. By utilizing geospatial data and GIS technology, we have demonstrated how this technique can be used to map and analyze crime across various geographical areas.The study conducted over a 10-year period (2012-2021) reveals that Bucharest, the country's capital, records the highest crime rate, followed by counties hosting municipalities with over 300,000 inhabitants. Conversely, other counties with populations below 100,000 inhabitants are at the opposite end of the list, presenting lower crime rates. These findings highlight significant disparities in crime across different regions, emphasizing the importance of long-term analysis of this phenomenon and its impact across diverse geographic areas.

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Analysis of Shading in the Preselection Process of Lands for the Construction of Photovoltaic Parks

Author(s): Tudor Borșan,George Emanuel Voicu / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

Through this paper, we aim to showcase the ways in which we can harness elevation models for studying shading within the GIS environment. This goal is tied to the project in which my colleague, George Emanuel Voicu, and I have participated, a project involving the acquisition of topographic data and spatial analyses to highlight shading studies – crucial aspects in selecting the most suitable areas for constructing a photovoltaic park. The initial phase involves gathering precise topographic and geospatial information, including climate data and celestial positioning. These acquired data are then integrated into Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to provide a comprehensive view of the terrain and environmental factors that could influence shading. The subsequent step involves using advanced simulation and modeling technologies to analyze the behavior of solar radiation under various conditions and at different time intervals. This stage is pivotal in generating accurate shading models that delineate critical areas with shading potential and their effects on solar panels.

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Improving Human Living Using Bathymetric Methods

Author(s): Lavinia Ramona Chișbac,Silvia Alexandra Dreghici / Language(s): English Issue: 34/2023

The continuous technological improvement in bathymetric equipment, positioning capacity, data processing, as well as the development of new ways of depth determinations and exploring the submerged relief, have been noticed in recent years. There are multiple techniques, more or less precise, used for depth surveying. Among these, acoustic and radio bathymetry are most widely used. Survey systems can be autonomous or mounted on various platforms and also can provide different accuracies. If GNSS data is correlated with the bathymetric survey systems, the results have improved accuracy. Additionally, optical methods (based on active or passive sensors) can be used for depth surveys. Comparing to topography, even despite the multiple bathymetric methods and their usage, underwater still remains uncertain or unknown. Though, administrative decisions based on bathymetric data include maritime or nautical navigation safety, coastal spatial planning, environmental protection, underwater exploration, research and monitoring, and not least underwater resources exploitation. A better knowledge and understanding of the underwater relief could lead human to reduce water pollution, and therefore, to a better life.

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Emerging GIS Technologies in Real Estate Market Analysis

Author(s): Silvia Chiorean,Tudor Sălăgean,Ioana Pop,Florica Matei,Jutka Deak / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

The aim of this study is the integration of new technologies in real estate market analysis that has significantly transformed the way professionals and investors evaluate properties, make predictions, and assess market trends. GIS technology helps in mapping and analyzing real estate data spatially. It provides valuable insights into location-based factors, such as proximity to amenities, transportation networks, and environmental factors, which influence property values and investment decisions. Modern GIS platforms offer interactive mapping tools that allow users to visualize property data on maps. Potential buyers and investors can explore properties visually, understanding their geographical context and nearby attractions, which aids in decision-making. By incorporating these new GIS technologies, real estate market analysis has become more data-driven, precise, and efficient.

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On the Use of GIS, GNSS and RFID Technologies in Modern Irrigation Systems

Author(s): Loredana-Mariana Crenganiş,Florin-Doru Huțu,Maximilian Diac,Denis Țopa / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

One of the stringent problems in Europe and worldwide is the moderate use of water resources for irrigation. This communication deals with the use of GIS, GNSS and RFID-UHF technologies to propose an intelligent moisture surveillance system for the agricultural crops. By using such technologies, the objective is to design a tool which can help the end user to decide when the best moment is and where to irrigate its agricultural crop. In this context, the authors are presenting a state-of-the-art of the already existing humidity measurement systems and highlight the advantages and the drawbacks of their proposed one. The correlation between the measured soil humidity and other geospatial attributes such as the topographic slope may be also important for the end user. An example of a humidity distribution map developed with theArcGIS tool will be also presented.

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Image-Based 3D Reconstruction of Buildings For Automated Construction Progress Monitoring

Author(s): Constantin Irinel Greșiță,Daniela Anamaria Georgescu / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

Three dimensional models are the next step from 2D models, which come with a third-dimensional addition bringing more information about the spatial objects they represent. These models can be obtained by methods such as laser scanning or image-based reconstruction, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.Image-based 3D reconstruction has been applied in many fields, such as civil engineering, where topics such as earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, construction monitoring, and smart city construction have been studied.In this paper, we propose to create the 3D model of the historical building Izvoranu - Geblescu based on the images taken with the drone and supplemented with the images obtained with the mobile phone, despite its height and the vegetation, respectively the trees around it. The study also explores the applicability of two 3D modeling software products in the present situation as well as the shortcomings of each of them.

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Aspects Regarding the Release of Property Titles According to Law No. 123/2023

Author(s): George Emanuel Voicu,Tudor Borșan / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

Property represents the right a person has to enjoy and dispose of a thing exclusively and absolutely, but within the limits determined by law. Knowledge of property rights from a legislative point of view gives the edge to some superior quality works considering the property record activity, regardless of the way of establishment.Through this article, the authors propose to present some technical and legal aspects necessary for the issuance of Property Titles in order to register the ownership of a property in the Land Registry.

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Judicial Expertise in the Reglementation of Cadastral Delimitation

Author(s): Luciana Oprea,Ioan Ienciu,Veronica-Maria Marinescu / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

Judicial expertise is a research activity within a civil, criminal or contravention process and is carried out in order to find out the truth in the case before the court. This is prepared by a judicial expert who has acquired this quality based on the legislative regulations in force and who will prepare an expert report in which he will mention the conclusions and findings of the research carried out. The conclusion reached in the expert report may represent a scientific truth, but after the administration of all the evidence a judicial truth is reached, the assessment of the evidence being done by the court.

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Stability Monitoring of a Rockfill Dam

Author(s): Alexandru Petru Aloman,Silvia Alexandra Dreghici / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

Large dams, with their impressive structures, are included in categories of high importance constructions. Therefore, all the repeated systematic activities involving surveying, registration, processing and interpretation of certain parameters defining the way they maintain their requirements for stability and durability play an important role in stability monitoring. The paper focus on the knowledge of the building state and behavior during the considered period of time in relation to the initial prediction of the designer and to the previous monitoring period. The case study refers to the Oașa Dam, the main hydropower construction on the Sebeș River, Alba County. Also, it is important to establish and to highlight „atypical” phenomena which are able to produce degradations or changes in building safety and functionality. When such phenomena are reported during the monitoring of the building behavior, a commission of specialists will come up with proposals for possible measures in order to maintain, within acceptable limits, the building functionality, security and stability. In such cases, there is also required to improve the monitoring methods.

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The Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Monitoring the Cricova Underground Mine in the Republic of Moldova

Author(s): Eugeniu Țiganu,Denis Țiganu,Ana Vlasenco,Livia Nistor-Lopatenco / Language(s): English Issue: 35/2023

Terrestrial laser scanning is an advanced technique for mapping and monitoring the Earth's surface that can be successfully used in the monitoring of underground mines, especially in determining the geometric parameters of mine gallery structures.This article presents the use of terrestrial laser scanning technology in the Cricova underground mine in the Republic of Moldova to identify changes and potential risks for the safety of future works. Using the Leica BLK 360 scanner (BLK Edition), control measurements were conducted to determine the verticality and flatness of the underground mine walls located at a depth of 10 meters. After processing the data using specific specialized software, a 3D model was created, deviations from the mine walls compared to the reference project were highlighted, and final reports were developed for evaluation, analysis, and decision-making.

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Exploratory analysis of health- related indicators contained in the Sustainable Development Goals for the State of Mexico

Author(s): Jim Octavio Mazariegos,Giovanna Santana Castañeda,Marcela Virginia Santana Juárez,Noel Bonfilio Pineda Jaimes / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2023

The health- related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) serve as pivotal benchmarks forgauging the health, well- being, and overall development of a nation’s populace. This studyaims to meticulously scrutinize the available SDG indicators for the State of Mexico at themunicipal level, employing sophisticated techniques rooted in exploratory spatial dataanalysis. The primary objective is to comprehensively grasp the interplay between theseindicators and their geographic distribution. This analytical approach will unveil discerniblepatterns encompassing clustering, dispersion, spatial self- correlation, and other geographicaltrends within the selected indicators. Spatial autocorrelation, notably, plays a pivotalrole in discerning similarities or disparities in values and their potential correlation withgeographic proximity. This analysis serves to ascertain the existence of significant spatialpatterns. To accomplish this, graphical tools like maps and diagrams will be utilized. Thesevisual representations effectively convey geographical information, thereby facilitating thecommunication of findings. This methodology will be particularly invaluable in pinpointingvulnerable populations. Anticipated outcomes include robust findings that can substantiallyinform the development agendas and guide the implementation of public health policieswithin the Mexican entity.

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Mapy i zasoby cyfrowe w kształceniu geograficznym

Author(s): Dominika Jaster,Stanisław Lewko,Dawid Kozar,Anna Stasiewicz,Mateusz Robaczewski,Weronika Orzechowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2023

The implementation of digital maps in geographical education is an important step in the development of the modern school, adapting to the needs of students. Over the last few years, more and more digital maps are available on the market, with a variety of themes, which can be used in the process of geographical education. The main objective of the study is to identify and present the possibilities of using selected digital maps in geography education at primary and secondary school level. Digital maps, thematic geoportals, online atlases and applications that can be used in geography lessons were selected and presented, and their use was described with reference to the Polish core curriculum and practical application during classes. The results of the study allow us to conclude that proper implementation of digital maps in the subject matter of lessons will not only enable effective and efficient implementation of the objectives contained in the core curriculum, but also brings a number of other advantages, such as a positive impact on the activity of students,recommended to continue to look for new forms of work with students and to implementthem more boldly in classroom activities.Słowa kluczowe: cyfryzacja edukacji; ed

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Geoinformation modeling of radioactive contamination of territories on the example of mines of the “ShidGSK” mining and processing plant

Author(s): N. Neposhyvailenko,V. Gulyaev,Y. Gritsan,O. Huba / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The aim of the study was to model the territorial distribution and statistical assessment of migration through the trophic chain of naturally occurring radionuclides released into the environment as a result of uranium ore mining. Statistical, geoinformation and experimental research methods were used in the study. Interpolation of the results of volumetric activity of natural radionuclides in environmental components and development of spatial models of their territorial distribution were performed using the ArcGIS software; statistical processing of modelling results and development of mathematical models of migration of natural radionuclides between environmental components were performed using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst software. The paper substantiates the choice of the method of geostatistical modelling of the territorial distribution of volumetric activity of natural radionuclides 234U, 238U, 210Po, 210Pb, 226Ra in soils and plants, which allows modelling the values of probabilistic indicators of radioecological contamination in the absence of a sufficient array of initial actual research results. Based on the analysis of the data obtained, the methodology of mathematical modelling of migration of natural radionuclides between soil and plant parts was further developed, which will facilitate consideration of the specifics of migration of natural radionuclides through the trophic chain and help in determining the level of radioecological hazard to the environment. The developed territorial models allow one to obtain stochastic data for their further analytical processing and visualizing radioecological hazard zones. Based on the developed models, zones of increased radioecological hazard within the existing sources of radioactive contamination were identified.

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Wypływy wód podziemnych w zlewni górnej Drzewiczki

Author(s): Przemysław Tomalski,Radosław BADOWSKI / Language(s): Polish Issue: 115/2024

The aim of the study was to identify springs in the upper Drzewiczka catchment. It was carried out using detailedcrenological mapping. Each one’s efficiency and basic physical properties of water (conductivity, temperature) were measured.The type of springs, morphological location, hydrogeological type, method of outflow and type of aquifer were also determined.In the upper Drzewiczka catchment, 74 springs were identified. Fifteen percent of the outflows are ascending. Five springswere selected from this group and were then observed every two weeks for a year. Discharge of the observed springs reachesits maximum at the transition of December to January. There is also a secondary maximum in April. The minimums occur inJanuary and October.

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Plejstocen zachodniej części rowu Kleszczowa na podstawie badań w odkrywce Szczerców, Polska Środkowa

Author(s): Lucyna Wachecka-Kotkowska,Dariusz Krzyszkowski,Dariusz Wieczorek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 116/2024

This article presents an overview of the results of studies of Pleistocene deposits carried out from 2010 to 2023 inthe Bełchatów Open-cast Lignite Mine, Szczerców field. Initially, studies of glacial till were conducted, but later the focus wason alluvia and lacustrine sediments. The reconstructions made use of lithopetrographic studies for the glacial tills, and forthe fluvial and lacustrine sediments made use of wide-ranging palaeoecological studies (analyses of Diatoms, pollen, plant andseed macro-remnants and Cladoceran, freshwater fauna, Chironomidae communities, and studies of mineral composition, ni-trogen and oxygen isotopes, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of the sediment). Some of the younger sediments were alsodisbursed using the radiocarbon method. The exposed Pleistocene profile has not been fully studied. About 400 samples from2014 and 2017–23 are awaiting analysis, and the lower tills are being studied to determine their age, sampled in 2022.

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Zmiany morfologiczne w obrębie doliny Pilicy pomiędzy Sulejowem a Smardzewicami w latach 1968–2016

Author(s): Aleksander Szmidt,Marcin Jaskulski,Marcin KOSSOWSKI / Language(s): Polish Issue: 116/2024

The article attempts to determine the geomorphological changes in the bottom of the Pilica valley between Sulejówand Smardzewice near Tomaszów Mazowiecki in the period from the late 1960s to 2016. The research was divided into threeparts. The first part included the most faithful reconstruction of the topography of the valley bottom, not only based on a con-tour drawing, but also on an additional geomorphological interpretation not described using classic cartographic methods.In the second stage of work, an attempt was made to recreate the relief of the valley floor, which was already the bottom ofan artificial water reservoir. For this purpose, measurements of the reservoir depth were made using sonar. The sonar data weresupplemented with the results of geomorphological interpretation and photointerpretation in places where direct measurementscould not be made. In the third stage of research, based on the morphometric situation from 1968 and 2016, an attempt wasmade to determine changes in the morphometry of the valley floor during the formation and functioning of the Sulejów Reser-voir.

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