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Technological fatigue is spreading due to the increased arrays of technological branches and the rapid pace of development. Keeping up with the latest and newest might prove not only difficult and tiring, but also not necessarily recommended to beginners in digital humanities. A more “back to the basis” approach might be more useful for students that don’t have technical backgrounds.
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For physicists computing is a main activity. Starting from devising an experiment to problem solving with computer, from using mathematical tables to other aids to computation, physics has grown its strength by using each step the numerical computation. So, computing for researches as well as education was used and steadily improved by us, starting from first minicomputers to the last generation of computers and algorithms. In this presentation we will follow, in short, the evolution of computing, hard and soft, in physics at our faculty. We selected here the main field of interests that was connected with problems showing: programmed solutions, simulations and modeling, computer application and software during the time. Such a time recollection is interesting and surprises me as how diverse and far such activity was done. Examples will be from computation in tradition physics, to biology, chemistry, astronomy, medicine to data processing and visualization, data management, to create our own educational software and so on. The fields as nonlinear dynamics, complexity, chaos and fractals, as well as fluid dynamics, atomic, molecular or nuclear physics, earth or stellar physics, connected to improvement of the experiments and devices via artificial intelligence are some of our topics which will be exemplified here.
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Territorial and economic evolution of Reşiţa city is closely link to industrial activity. This also contributed to shaping its role as urban center as regional pole in the Banat Mountain. Favorability of natural environment (ground and underground resourses) competed with historical factors in the emergence and development of an important industrial center since at the begining of the XIXth century. Industrial activity influenced the development of two well contoured functional areas (residential and industrial). Territorial development stages of the city were closely related to the expansion of plants domains of Reşiţa that marked still visible differentiations in the urban landscape (colony districts of German influence followed by the modern working-class neighborhoods). The actual urban landscape of Reşiţa city is a mixt between vernacular architecture and the modern one.
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This article investigates the challenges of creating online research collections, specifically for photographic objects. This examination considers the material aspects of the photograph and considers the manner in which they may be made accessible within a web resource. The article explores the challenges of attributing metadata for visual resources in an attempt to address some of the key issues in the production of resources in the Digital Humanities.
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The article contributes to recognition of the settlement processes in the Western part of then Zgierz County at the turn of 18th and 19th centuries. It discusses and presents issues based on formerly unknown sources concerning the establishment of Olęder settlements in Ruda Bugaj and Brużyca Mała. The study, based on sources which were never accounted before, resulted in clearing the doubts concerning the exact date of establishment of the industrial settlement in Aleksandrów.Artykuł stanowi przyczynek do poznania procesu osadniczego przebiegającego na przełomie XVIII i XIX w. w zachodniej części ówczesnego powiatu zgierskiego. Omówiono nieznane dotychczas w polskiej literaturze przedmiotu źródła dokumentujące założenie osad olęderskich w Rudzie, Bugaju i Brużyczce Małej. Na podstawie nieuwzględnianego dotąd przekazu źródłowego rozstrzygnięto wątpliwości narosłe wokół daty założenia osady przemysłowej Aleksandrów.
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The water supply in the town of Iași was a long-standing concern for the rulers of Moldavia, with beginnings predating the rule of Vasile Lupu (1634–1653). Due to the lack of sources, it is only when this prince came into office that we can benefit from more solid information: the first pipelines bringing water to the palace and the public bath (feredeu) were installed during his reign. The most significant investments were made in the 18th century when the foundation is gradually laid for a network and supply system. Major contributions were brought by princes Grigore II Ghica and Grigore III Ghica, and Constantin and Alexandru Moruzi, who used water from the sources in the hills outside the town. The inventory (attached to this study) taken by a committee in 1841 has revealed more details about how the network operated, and allows for a clear conclusion: the water supply system displays an obvious Ottoman influence. The craftsmen who had worked on capturing water and creating the water fountains in Iași were known to have come from south of the Danube, but we now have data confirming the idea that structural and functional elements from Ottoman towns were introduced in the water network of the Moldavian capital. The specialized terms (suiulgiu, cișmea, havuz, maslac, terezie, lichium, edirmeli) are Turkish in origin, and so is the way the system was designed.
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This paper aims to define the amount of changes in potential flood losses on the basisof spatial distribution patterns of floodplain development using GIS tools. A procedurefor potential flood loss estimation has been developed in which GIS tools have beenapplied. A procedure for calculating flood losses applied in Polish legislation has beenused. According to this survey, in Gryfino, which is situated on the Odra river in years1996–2007 potential hazard of flood loss grew as a result of grow of floodplain areasdevelopment
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Dostępność przestrzenna określa łatwość, z jaką można dotrzeć z miejsca A do miejsca B. W kontekście obiektów użyteczności publicznej w mieście, wpływa ona na możliwość skorzystania z określonych dóbr i usług przez mieszkańców danego obszaru. Lepsza dostępność oznacza krótsze dojazdy, niższe koszty, a tym samym ma istotny wpływ na jakość życia. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zróżnicowania przestrzennego dostępności do wybranych usług na obszarze miejskim, na przykładzie Torunia. W pracy zaprezentowana została procedura badawcza, bazująca na wykorzystaniu otwartych danych z serwisu Open Street Map, a także analiz sieciowych i technologii GIS do obliczenia dostępności czasowej. Zaprezentowano metodykę polegającą na analizie dostępności w siatce sześciokątnych pól testowych, dzięki czemu możliwe było ukazanie przestrzennego zróżnicowania czasów dojazdu do określonych usług. Metodyka ta została wykorzystana do oceny dostępności przestrzennej do 16 kategorii obiektów użyteczności publicznej w Toruniu.
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The aim of the study was to analyse the operation of passenger railway stations and station buildings in Poland, aswell as the changes that occurred in connection with investments in infrastructure. The studies covered active passenger andrailway stations as listed in the train timetable 2016/2017 and included comparison to the timetable 2009/2010. Two researchquestions were asked: about the layout of passenger stations and active railway stations in Poland and about the impactof investments in railway infrastructure carried out in the years 2010-2016 on the number of passenger stations and on thecondition of railway stations.In 2017 there were 2497 active passenger stations, located in 2063 localities. An average density of passenger stations inPoland was 0.80 station per 100 km2 and 0.65 station per 10,000 residents. At 622 passenger stations there were active stationbuildings, i.e. open for travellers. On many station buildings the scope of service for travellers was limited to a waiting room.As a result of investments carried out in the years 2010-2016, about 100 railway stations were modernised and several morewere renovated. Moreover, about 50 new passenger stations were built. During that time, several processes were taking placesimultaneously: closing passenger stations, reducing their operation to weekend or seasonal traffic, and opening new andpreviously closed passenger stations.
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This article aims to develop a method of acquiring land cover changes data on the basis of high resolution orthophotography derived from Polish cartographic resources. The assessment of information sources was also examined in terms of its utility in such analysis. Simultaneously, using selected example, it was outlined, how the surrounding the A2 motorway area in the Stryków community had changed between the years 1996 and 2009. Some methods and tools applied in geoprocessing and spatial analyses were also presented. Many scientific publications describe data acquiring methods based on aerial photography and ortophotomaps that can be used in land cover and land use analyses. These methods may be divided into manual (visual), semi-automatic and automatic interpretation methods (e.g. raster, hybrid, object methods). In this survey the manual interpretation method was applied due to the input data accessibility e.g. ortophotomaps that were made only in the visible light spectrum with different tone colors and contrasts for each year (1996, 2004, 2009). This research involved following steps: (1) projecting of geodatabase structure, (2) visual interpretation of ortophotomaps in order to create land cover maps for 1996, 2004 and 2009, (3) delimitation of land cover changes, (4) survey results analysis with kernel density tool in order to present the density and direction of land cover changes in the neighbourhood of A2 motorway. The research indicated the straight majority of area surveyed in the years 1997–2009, was covered by gramineous vegetation and crops. However, the percentage of this class was decreasing systematically during those years. There was also remarkable increase for industrial and built-up areas. In the neighbourhood of A2 motorway in Stryków community, the growth of woodlands, wooded and shrubs area class was also noticed. For the building A2 motorway purposes there were created new gravel-pits and excavations of sand nearby the road. That is why for the area surveyed the percentage of greenfields was larger in 2009 than in 1996.
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W artykule przedstawiono przykład zastosowania wybranych metod GIS w celu wykazania związków pomiędzy przebiegiem dolin kopalnych oraz współczesnych na obszarze Polski Środkowej. Analizowany obszar w warunkach lądowych kształtowany był już w paleogenie i neogenie, natomiast największy wpływ na obecną rzeźbę powierzchni odcisnęły procesy morfogenetyczne w czwartorzędzie. W opracowaniach paleogeograficznych dla analizowanego obszaru często wskazuje się na możliwe zależności pomiędzy wykształceniem rzeźby współczesnej a jej podłożem, w szczególności zaś sieci dolinnej. W celu weryfikacji tej hipotezy, na podstawie archiwalnych materiałów kartograficznych oraz Cyfrowego Modelu Wysokościowego rzeźby współczesnej, zaproponowano schemat przeprowadzenia analizy z wykorzystaniem zestawu ogólnodostępnych narzędzi GIS. Z wyników przeprowadzonej analizy można stwierdzić, że główne doli- ny rzeczne Polski Środkowej w dużej części nawiązują swoim przebiegiem do kopalnej sieci dolinnej, gdzie związki te najlepiej są widoczne w przypadku dolin największych.
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The paper deals with the occurrence cartography of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL) of the 16th century, represented by the map of Moscow State (Russia) compiled by Anthony Wied in 1542, in Vilnius and its publications in 1555 and 1570, which have been hardly studied in Lithuanian art research. Attempt is made to define Mannerism features characteristic of the artistic design of the maps. The main intentions of these creations are discussed. The appearance of the maps was induced by economic and military reasons. The maps are shown to have fulfilled propagandist functions. Russia was introduced to European readers as a wild and crude country.
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Ethnocartography is an umbrella term for a number of methods applied in ethnology for the spatial representation of a selected folk culture phenomenon. Historically, the application of ethnocartographic methods can be divided into three stages: pre-ethnocartography (1700s to early 1800s), early ethnocartography (early 1800s to 1930s) and scientific cartography. One of the fundamental issues in ethnocartography shared across all these periods is the nature of the data historical data which are overwhelmingly unbalanced in favor of some phenomena to the point of ignoring others, as well as the intrinsic inseparability of data on folk culture from their geographical, historical, chronological and socio-economic context. While this continues to be a major challenge, we believe these limitations can be overcome using the latest in digital technology, especially the geographic information systems (GIS), and this papers discusses the application of such technologies in the context of Czech ethnology.
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The paper describes a possibility of using post-war cartographic materials (but not only) in a process of tracing and analyzing the remnants of the past landscape in urbanized areas (the case of Lublin) and virtual revival of such landscapes. The process of gathering and selecting materials is described, including cartometric quality discussion and an idea of supporting analyses with field works is discussed. Th e analyses mentioned above are divided into visual (qualitative) and quantitative ones. The former includes overlaying cartographic materials to check for remnants and to support the hypothesis posed during fi eld-works. The latter – a comparison of digital elevation models based on early maps. The final part deals with constructing 3D visualization of past landscape based on maps, aerial and regular photographs and additional, non-cartographic materials.
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After complaints from Russian-annexed region, the mapping service will undo changes in street, town and region names.
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Problem odwzorowania powierzchni Ziemi na płaszczyźnie zajmuje matematyków i kartografów od ponad 2000 lat. Zagadnienie to ma istotne znaczenie nie tylko dla teoretyków kartografii, ale również dla użytkowników map, ponieważ w rezultacie przekształceń wynikających z rodzaju odwzorowania następuje zniekształcenie pewnych zależności geometrycznych występujących na powierzchni Ziemi. W odróżnieniu od wielu publikacji przedstawiających odwzorowania kartograficzne jako jedno z zagadnień kartografii matematycznej w niniejszym artykule skupiono się na rozwoju i zastosowaniu wyłącznie odwzorowań azymutalnych (płaszczyznowych), śledząc zmiany od czasów starożytnych do współczesnych. Omawiając podstawowe cechy poszczególnych odwzorowań azymutalnych, przedstawiono ich szczegółową klasyfikację, m.in. na typy związane z położeniem środka rzutu (np. centralny, stereograficzny, ortograficzny), nie mające charakteru rzutów, jak najpopularniejsze z nich odwzorowanie Postela (równoodległościowe) czy Lamberta (równopolowe), a także na wszelkie modyfikacje typów podstawowych.
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Assessing the uncertainty of historical map information is a prerequisite for using this source type for land cover reconstructions. We assessed the accuracy of forest cover information from 1930 / 1940 Swiss topographic maps (Siegfried maps) by comparing them with forest cover gained from orthophotos and terrestrial photos from the same period. Orthophotos were considered to contain the true forest cover information and consequently inconsistencies between historical maps and orthophotos were considered as true errors (over or underestimation of the forest cover on the map ). Terrestrial photos reflect the surveyors perspective in the field and we therefore used this source type to develop hypotheses on potential reasons for inaccuracy of map information. Generalized linear models were used to test the hypotheses. The results confirmed our expectation that disagreement between maps is more likely to occur near forest edges, at higher altitudes and in less accessible and visible areas. Contrary to our expectations terrain slope did not play a significant role to explain surprisingly high rates of inaccuracy occurred in forest core areas.
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This paper is dedicated to the maps of Stanisław Pachołowiecki (2nd half of the 16th century) printed in Rome by Giovanni Battista Cavalieri in 1580. In August 1579, the Polish-Lithuanian army retook the city and the voivodeship (principality) of Polotsk from Russian hands. Pachołowiecki, a cartographer working for Stephen Báthory, prepared maps depicting the Siege of Polotsk, the whole principality of Polotsk and plans of six other fortresses and cities conquered by Báthory’s army. This study presents an answer to the following question: What means were used in the development of the new geographic knowledge by people engaged in the preparation and use of Pachołowiecki’s atlas? Jakub Niedźwiedź takes a closer look at the application of rhetoric, mainly figures and tropes drawn (or translated) from literature into the cartographic text.
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