Izvještaj o pravnom položaju transrodnih osoba u BiH

Author(s): Vladana Vasić / Language(s): Bosnian

Cilj ovog izvještaja je da prikaže raskorak između potreba transrodnih osoba, izazova sa kojima se one suočavaju u svakodnevnom životu, pravne regulacije i zaštite njihovih ljudskih prava, te mehanizama koje uspostavljaju institucije, a koji bi omogućile transrodnim osobama da budu pravno priznate kao pripadnici_e roda i/ili spola čijim se pripadnicima/ama smatraju. U BiH, prije svega, društvena svijest o postojanju transrodnih osoba, te poznavanje pojma transrodnosti i rodnog identiteta i njihovog značenja je na veoma niskom nivou,što se odražava na neodgovarajuću zakonsku regulaciju potreba i zaštitu od kršenja prava transrodnih osoba. Rodni identitet, kao zakonom zaštićena karakteristika, pojavljuje se samo u Zakonu o zabrani diskriminacije BiH kojim se, prvi put u BiH, zabranjuje diskriminacija na različitim osnovama, uključujući i rodni identitet. Iako se ostali zakoni u BiH trebaju primjenjivati u skladu sa Zakonom o zabrani diskriminacije, nijedan od njih ne pruža direktnu zaštitu transrodnim osobama, ne definiše transrodnost, niti direktno uvodi rodni identitet kao zaštićenu karakteristiku. Rodni identitet se u takvim slučajevima obično podvodi pod generalnu zabranu ugrožavanja prava osoba na osnovu „drugog_ih statusa/osobina/ karakteristika“ ukoliko je takva zabrana predviđena zakonom. Ovim zakonima transrodnim osobama se pruža posredna zaštita, na isti način na koji se pruža svim građanima_kama čija su prava ugrožena. U BiH je čest slučaj da izmjenu zakonodavstva ne prate promjene u društvu i društvenoj svijesti, što nije iznimka ni u slučaju transrodnih, a posebno transeksualnih osoba. Tako je Zakonom o matičnim knjigama Federacije BiH i Zakonom o matičnim knjigama Republike Srpske dozvoljen i predviđen upis promjene spola, na osnovu kojeg se podnosiocu_teljici zahtjeva za upis izdaje novi jedinstveni matični broj i rodni list, te se mijenjaju ostali lični dokumenti u skladu sa njegovim_ nim novim spolom. U Zakonu o matičnim knjigama Brčko distrikta, upis promjene spola nije direktno predviđen zakonom, ali se može tretirati kao ispravka greške nastale pri prvobitnom upisu. Iako je izmjena rodnog lista, matičnog broja i ostalih dokumenata usljed promjene spola omogućena, transeksualne osobe koje žele promijeniti spol to ne mogu učiniti u BiH. Kompletan medicinski postupak promjene spola, savjetovanje, hormonalne terapije, i u konačnici operaciju, ove osobe moraju obaviti u inostranstvu, a u BiH čak ne postoji ni medicinsko osoblje koje bi ovaj proces moglo nadgledati. Transeksualnim osobama proces prilagođavanja željenom spolu dodatno otežava i činjenica da obavezno zdravstveno osiguranje nijednog od entiteta, ni Brčko distrikta, ne pokriva, pa čak ni djelimično, troškove medicinske procedure promjene spola. BiH bi u cilju omogućavanja svojim transrodnim građanima_kama da žive u skladu sa svojim rodnim identitetom, te bolje zaštite i pravnog priznavanja, što prije trebala: uvesti izričite definicije pojmova seksualne orijentacije i rodnog identiteta u Zakon o ravnopravnosti spolova i Zakon o zabrani diskriminacije ; - izmijeniti Zakon o matičnim knjigama Brčko distrikta da bi se upis promjene spola u matične knjige, te samim tim i izmjena ličnih dokumenata, ovim Zakonom, omogućila i regulisala na način na koji je to učinjeno zakonima o matičnim knjigama Federacije BiH i Republike Srpske; - edukovati medicinsko osoblje koje bi, za početak, moglo pratiti proces tranzicije transeksualnih osoba i pružati neophodnu medicinsku pomoć ako zatreba, te kasnije obezbijediti medicinski kadar koji bi mogao vršiti kompletan medicinski proces promjene spola i predvidjeti pokrivanje troškova medicinskog procesa promjene spola iz obaveznog zdravstvenog osiguranja, barem djelimično.

Uloga i značaj latinskog tipa notarijata u oblasti stvarnih prava u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Merdžana Škaljić / Language(s): Bosnian

In Bosnia and Herzegovina there is a need to develop notary services as public services. However, public authorities, by implementing standards of the European Union in the area of reforms, passed the Law on Notaries, but did not follow all the problems of the application of these laws. If the intention of the legislator was to extend the jurisdiction of the notary office on certain court's responsibilities, especially in the area of preparation and verification of contracts as legal affairs based on which the title to real estate is to be transferred, as well as agreement on lifelong care, notary probate etc., it was necessary to amend the Law on Notaries provision of these jurisdictions, as well as the nature of such documents (private of public, in whole or in part, legal protection, etc.). Since that was not done, there is a multitude of interpretations as well as conflicts of laws in the application of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to amend the laws on notaries by specific provisions in relation to contracts. It is very important to harmonize the laws on notaries with other substantive and procedural acts regulating areas that give notaries authority or jurisdiction. Concerning contracts, it was done by the Law of Property Rights in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina that cannot be applied to the already started procedures, and in Republika Srpska it would be desirable to amend the Law on Property Rights but also to amend the Law on Notaries.

Съдържание

Author(s): / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

References

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

GOVERNANCE AND DEMOCRACY in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Post-Industrial Society and the Authoritarian Temptation

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

In the summer of 2002, the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development (DFID) approached the European Stability Initiative to conduct a Governance Assessment of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Governance Assessment was designed to study the evolution of government in Bosnia, and to “assess more fully the constraints on positive decision-making” across all levels of government in Bosnia. Its goal was to promote an open debate within Bosnian society on what constitutes good governance, in order to build up democratic pressures in favour of change.During the second half of 2002, using a team of Bosnian researchers, ESI carried out investigations across Bosnia and Herzegovina on the social and economic challenges facing the country, and how Bosnian governments are responding to them. The empirical research was concluded in October 2003, and the conclusions presented to a range of different audiences during 2003 and the first half of 2004, in Bosnia and Herzegovina and outside. This paper now presents this analytical work to a wider audience. Additional background material on the governance assessment is also available on the ESI website (www.esiweb.org). The views expressed in this report are those of ESI, and do not express the opinion of either DFID or the government of the United Kingdom.

DON’T BELIEVE THE HYPE. Why Bosnian democracy will not end this October

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

In December 2016 the Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina declared parts of the national election law unconstitutional. Since then leading Bosnian Croat politicians have warned that this might make the implementation of the results of the upcoming October 2018 elections impossible. They claim that only a last-minute agreement on a new election law might prevent a deep crisis. These warnings are misleading. Bosnian democracy will not end in October. There is no institututional crisis. There is no reason to adopt changes to the Bosnian election law in a hurry a few months before elections. This short paper explains the background to Bosnia’s latest fake crisis – what it is about and why there is no need to intervene – in simple answers to seven questions.

BETON - Kulturno propagandni komplet br. 142, god. VIII, Beograd, utorak, 17. decembar 2013.

Author(s): Mirnes Sokolović,Andrea Jovanović,Branislav Dimitrijević,Predrag Lucić,Lazar Bodroža / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian

MIXER, Mirnes Sokolović: Džaba ste krečili; ARMATURA, Andrea Jovanović: Otežano pravo na štrajk; Branislav Dimitrijević: Muke sa hiperbolama; VREME SMRTI I RAZONODE, Predrag Lucić: Uvod u kompostmodernu književnost; BLOK BR. V, Lazar Bodroža: Progon

№06 Judiciary in Kosovo: Administration in Disarray

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

This report presents an overview of the state of the rule of law and the judiciary in Kosovo, divided into two parts. The first section gives an overview of the key challenges to the effective rule of law, with a focus governance of the judiciary. It delves into the structure and role of the monitoring bodies of courts and prosecution services, the state of judicial independence, and the mechanisms for transparency and accountability. It then moves onto practical issues, such as disciplinary procedures, structures to curb corruption and training and capacity building systems. The section finishes with an overview of the judicial integration of the north of Kosovo, the efforts to reduce the backlog and the Functional Review of the Rule of Law. Equally important, the second section addresses court administration and the performance of the administrative staff. It reviews the size and structure of the courts, the budget of the judicial sector, the effects of the wider education system on the judiciary, the status of the Administration, the existing rules for hiring and performance evaluation, and the decentralization process. The section closes with an analysis of the ongoing judicial digitalization.

Freedom of Assembly in a Maze of Laws: An Analysis of BiH Freedom of Assembly Legislation

Author(s): Amila Kurtović / Language(s): English

This analysis is organised in chapters that address the most important thematic areas for the exercise of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly. First, the paper presents the research implementation method and a summary of documents containing key international recommendations for regulating the freedom of peaceful assembly. As a starting point for the analysis, the definitions of public assembly protected by BiH legislation are discussed, and a special focus is placed on peaceful assembly and public protest as the most important forms of public assembly for the purposes of this research. Significant space is devoted to the notification requirement, an area with probably most contradictions among the provisions of all the laws on public assembly in force in BiH. This aspect of the exercise of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly has been analysed primarily in light of a comparison of the notification system and the authorisation system, which is explicitly criticised by all relevant international recommendations. This is followed by restrictions, as well as privileges that the legislative framework subjects assembly organisers to, depending on their affiliation with certain categories or groups (e.g. restrictions for foreign nationals as opposed to privileges for trade unions). This chapter also reflects on a special type of assembly - unorganised, spontaneous assemblies as an immediate response to an event or an occurrence in the society, making assembly notification unfeasible. National legislation requirements have also been analysed with respect to data requested for assembly notification and the (non-)harmonisation of the deadlines and international standards. The issue of assembly location is also extensively discussed, as there are significant discrepancies between local laws, but also local laws and international standards due to bans on assemblies in many otherwise publicly available locations. The actions of authorities aimed at making it difficult for the organisers to choose a location they consider most appropriate for their peaceful assembly or public protest are visible. Assembly time is discussed in light of restrictive provisions in certain laws that limit the possibilities by imposing specific timing. Legal remedy in case of imposed restrictions on public assemblies is addressed from the perspective of the necessary urgency of the legal protection procedure, i.e., the need to complete the entire procedure in a timely fashion, from the decision on the ban to deciding on the appeal, so that the organisers can continue with assembly planning. The differences in the responsibilities expected of police bodies in providing security at peaceful assemblies and the duties and responsibilities imposed on organisers, leaders and stewards of public assemblies are compared. This chapter addresses a particular concern given that the guiding principle of freedom of peaceful assembly is that the competent authorities have a primary obligation to facilitate the enjoyment of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly. The last part of this paper addresses the provisions governing the reasons why police authorities may ban or interrupt an ongoing assembly and the sanctions provided by law. Finally, specific recommendations are given from the perspective of international standards that could significantly improve freedom of assembly in BiH through appropriate advocacy activities.

Prava civilnih žrtava rata

Author(s): Đurđa Gmaz / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Đurđa Gmaz rođena je 1950. godine u Sisku. Suprug joj je bio jedan od suosnivača HDZ-a u tom gradu. Od 1991. radila je u MUP-u Hrvatske. Kada je počeo rat u njezinom kraju, s obitelji je ostala u selu koje se nalazilo na crti razdvajanja sa srpskom stranom. Dana 16. srpnja 1993. godine kćer Đurđe Gmaz, koja se kupala s dvadesetak druge djece na Kupi, ubijena je rafalnim mecima koji su došli s druge strane Kupe, gdje su se nalazile srpske snage. Sin joj je tom prilikom teško ozlijeđen. Aktivna je u Udruzi civilnih žrtava stradalnika Domovinskog rata i godinama se zauzima za ostvarivanje prava civilnih žrtava rata.

EUFOR: In Urgent Need of a Plan B

Author(s): Kurt Bassuener,Bodo Weber / Language(s): English

The EU’s foreign ministers last week reaffirmed their support for EUFOR/Operation Althea in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), overcoming reluctance on the part of a number of EU members – France and Germany in particular – to extend the executive aspects of the mission. On November 11, 2014 the UN Security Council (UNSC) is scheduled to vote on extending EUFOR’s executive mandate, under Chapter 7 of the UN Charter, allowing it to use force to ensure international peace and security. The disposition of Russia, a veto wielding member of the permanent five members of the UNSC, is in question.This policy brief reviews the continuing need for EUFOR’s executive mandate in BiH and assesses concerns as to Moscow’s position prior to next month’s vote. It then considers the West’s potential fallback options.

Western Collusion in Undermining the Rule of Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina: An Overview

Author(s): Bodo Weber / Language(s): English

Three legal cases/political scandals during 2018-19 grabbed the attention of the domestic public and the international community in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The first two concerned the unresolved deaths of two young men, Dženan Memić in Sarajevo and David Dragičević in Banja Luka. The improper investigative conduct of the police and judiciary regarding their deaths raised suspicions of cover-ups and political interference. The third concerned corruption allegations against Milan Tegeltija, then president of the High Judicial and Prosecutorial Council of Bosnia and Herzegovina (HJPC), the BiH judiciary’s self-managing body. The three cases marked the nadir of a steady decline of the rule of law institutions in BiH over the last decade and a half, and stand in stark contrast to 2005 when BiH was a frontrunner among Western Balkan countries aspiring to European Union (EU) membership. Rule of law achievements until then had been the result of substantial and systematic judicial and (to a lesser degree) police reform carried out during the immediate post-war period under the leadership of the international community. This paper serves as an introduction to a policy paper/note series entitled “The Decline of the Rule of Law in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Role and Responsibility of the International Community” that constitutes a central component of a project launched in 2019 by the Democratization Policy Council (DPC) with the support of the Heinrich Böll Foundation office in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is aimed at initiating a dialogue among Western diplomats and officials on the international community’s co-responsibility for the decline of the rule of law in BiH – with each subsequent paper covering one of the key episodes stated above – focused on how the damage done can be repaired, and how international actors can contribute to a re-strengthening of the rule of law institutions in BiH.

National Security & Defence, № 173+174 (2018 - 01+02)

Author(s): Pavlo Pynzenyk,Mårten Ehnberg,Otto Luchterhandt,Mykola Kozyubra,Vitaliy Karpuntsov,Kostyantyn Krasovsky,Mykola Onishchuk,Serhiy Kozyakov,Viktor Shyshkin,Viktor Korolenko,Mykola Havronyuk,Volodymyr Sushchenko,Roksolana Khanyk-Pospolitak,O. M. Kaluzhna / Language(s): English

ANALYSIS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING JUSTICE // IMPLEMENTING CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING JUSTICE: CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS // THE PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING CONSTITUTIONAL CHANGES CONCERNING THE STATUS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE // THE PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING CHANGES TO THE CONSTITUTION CONCERNING JUSTICE AND THE STATUS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE // THE JUDICIARY THROUGH THE EYES OF UKRAINIAN CITIZENS // REFORMING THE BAR // COMPETITIVE SELECTION TO THE SUPREME COURT: THE PROCESS, RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS // INDIVIDUAL CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT IN GERMANY AND UKRAINE: THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS // LEGAL CONFLICTS IN DETERMINING IMPARTIALITY AND NEUTRALITY IN THE FOR MATION OF THE SUPREME COURT // KEY CONSTITUTIONAL NOVELS OF THE JUDICIAL REFORM: IS EVERYTHING THAT GOOD? // THE LAW ON THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF UKRAINE: THE THIRD ATTEMPT // PROCEDURAL GUIDANCE IN PRE-TRIAL INVESTIGATION WITHIN THE PUBLIC PROSECUTION BODIES // THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT AND CRIMINAL LAW

Specifičnosti dokazivanja mobinga u parničnom postupku

Author(s): Mario Reljanović / Language(s): Bosnian

Zakonom o zabrani diskriminacije Bosne i Hercegovine mobing je prepoznat kao vrsta diskriminacije. Član 4. stav 3. ovog Zakona definiše mobing kao jedan od ostalih oblika diskriminisanja, i to kao “oblik nefizičkog uznemiravanja na radnom mjestu koji podrazumijeva ponavljanje radnji koje imaju ponižavajući efekat na žrtvu čija je svrha ili posljedica degradacija radnih uslova ili profesionalnog statusa zaposlenog”. Ovakvo određenje mobinga određuje i specifične mehanizme pravne zaštite kojima se žrtva mobinga može zaštititi. Jedan od njih jeste i pokretanje parnice povodom diskriminisanja. Ova parnica se vodi prema opštim pravilima parničnog postupka, na način uređen zakonima o parničnom postupku Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine i Republike Srpske, ali postoje i specifična rješenja koja su usvojena imajući u vidu karakterističan procesni položaj žrtve diskriminacije ili mobinga. Otuda se opšta pravila koriguju posebnim odredbama iz Zakona o zabrani diskriminacije. Neke od najvažnijih razlika odnose se na postupak dokazivanja diskriminatorskog, odnosno moberskog ponašanja tuženog. Prva specifičnost dokazivanja u postupcima povodom mobinga ogleda se u prebacivanju tereta dokazivanja na tuženog. Druga specifičnost predstavlja mogućnost korišćenja posebnih dokaznih sredstava, u zavisnosti od radnje mobinga.

Unused Potential - The Role and Importance of Non-Governmental Organizations in Protection against Discrimination in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Boris Topić / Language(s): English

With the passing of the Law on the Prohibition of Discrimination (hereinafter referred to as: LPD) in July 2009, the existing anti-discrimination framework in Bosnia and Herzegovina was supplemented. Thus Bosnia and Herzegovina joined a broad circle of countries trying to ensure the elimination of discrimination by adopting comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation that provides legal protection against discrimination committed both by the state and its bodies and by private persons. This important law, among other things, recognizes the significant role that non-governmental organizations are able to play in the field of combating discrimination by according them, among other things, certain procedural roles in the judicial proceeding for protection against discrimination. In the international and comparative field, one of the most important activities of non-governmental organizations that stands out in the area of combating discrimination is their role in proceedings for protection against discrimination. The reason why organizations of civil society are allowed to participate in proceedings for protection against discrimination basically lies in the fact that suppression of discrimination is a public interest activity and that any well-regulated anti-discrimination system should contain different modalities of participation of non-governmental organizations in proceedings for protection against discrimination. Therefore, we may characterize NGO activities in proceedings for protection against discrimination as a specific form of public interest litigation. Special significance to NGOs in this field, at least in European Union countries, was accorded by directives in the discrimination field, which require, for the purpose of ensuring efficient protection against discrimination, that the states in their judicial systems allow non-governmental organizations to act on behalf of victims of discrimination or in support of these individuals in proceedings for protection against discrimination. These procedural roles of non-governmental organizations are regulated differently in different legal systems. Yet, possible forms of activities of nongovernmental organizations on behalf of the victim that we might single out are filing a lawsuit in the name and on behalf of the victim – i.e. legal representation, the option for a non-governmental organization to appear as co-plaintiff together with the victim or the option to appear as an independent plaintiff with the consent of the victim. In addition, a specific form of action on behalf of victims of discrimination that stands out are activities of non-governmental organizations on filing a collective or group lawsuit. A very important form of support to victims of discrimination in anti-discrimination proceedings is certainly the participation of organizations of civil society as interveners in proceedings on the side of the victim or as friends of the court (amici curiae). Finally, a key contribution of non-governmental organizations in the field of combating discrimination is undoubtedly their role in so-called strategic lawsuits instigated to provide support to the implementation of anti-discrimination laws or to clarify various concepts contained in anti-discrimination legislation. Bearing in mind the above, this report attempts to analyze the existing legislative solutions in light of comparative experience and to point out the obstacles standing in the way of more active engagement of non-governmental organizations in judicial proceedings for protection against discrimination. In addition, the report attempts to offer specific solutions that will additionally motivate nongovernmental organizations to actively use the procedural roles accorded to them by the LPD, in the best interest of victims of discrimination. The report is mainly based on secondary, comparative research focusing on the role, activities and best practice of organizations of civil society in judicial proceedings for protection against discrimination. In addition, relevant legislative solutions related to the procedural role of non-governmental organizations in judicial proceedings for protection against discrimination were analyzed, as well as the first court judgments in discrimination cases in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Analysis of adopted legislative solutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina was performed in light of comparative experiences, primarily experiences of neighboring countries, considering that they share with Bosnia and Herzegovina a similar legal tradition and similar problems, as well as countries of the European Union which Bosnia and Herzegovina is trying to join. The analysis also encompassed other cases when needed to provide answers to specific questions. Finally, available sources on the current situation in the non-governmental sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina were also consulted, with particular focus on organizations working on protection of human rights. In the first section, the report analyzes solutions prescribed by the Law on the Prohibition of Discrimination of Bosnia and Herzegovina pertaining to the procedural role of non-governmental organizations in anti-discrimination proceedings. The second section focuses on obstacles that prevent organizations of civil society from taking a more active part in judicial proceedings for protection against discrimination. Through an overview of comparative experiences, effort is made to point to the most important requirements and criteria for efficient use of the option of participation of non-governmental organizations in antidiscrimination proceedings in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Finally, the concluding observations sum up the observations from the analysis and formulate specific recommendations related to legislative and practical solutions in this field in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Analiza sudske prakse u porodičnim sporovima i preporuke za postupanje - Priručnik

Author(s): Faruk Latifović,Majda Halilović,Džamna Duman Vranić,Suzana Bubić / Language(s): Bosnian

U okviru Projekta “Rod i pravosuđe u Bosni i Hercegovini”, Atlantska inicijativa je formirala stručni Panel sudija/sutkinja (Svi izrazi upotrijebljeni u muškom gramatičkom rodu u ovom Priručniku odnose se bez diskriminacije i na žene) u cilju izrade preporuka i analize sudske prakse u oblasti porodičnopravnih sporova. Predmet teorijskih razmatranja i analize prakse, doduše, nisu svi sporovi iz oblasti porodičnog prava, već samo oni vezani za razvod braka, a od sporova nastalih u oblasti roditeljskog prava oni koji nastaju u vezi s ostvarivanjem roditeljskog staranja/vršenja roditeljskog prava u slučaju odvojenog života roditelja i održavanjem ličnih odnosa i neposrednih kontakata djeteta i roditelja, bilo da se o njima odlučuje u adhezionom postupku uz bračne sporove, bilo u samostalnom postupku. Ovu drugu grupu sporova kraće ćemo označavati kao sporove o staranju o djetetu nakon razvoda braka, a postupke u tim sporovima kao postupke odlučivanja o staranju o djetetu nakon razvoda braka. Priručnik je prvi materijal ove vrste i namijenjen je prije svega sudijama, ali i cijelom pravosuđu, studentima prava, akademskoj zajednici te domaćim i međunarodnim organizacijama zainteresovanim da rade na boljem razumijevanju ove problematike i unapređenju sudske prakse u oblasti porodičnog prava. Priručnik je podijeljen u šest poglavlja. U prvom poglavlju predmet razmatranja su rodne predrasude u postupcima razvoda braka i o ostvarivanju roditeljskog staranja; Drugo poglavlje sadrži pregled relevantnih međunarodnih izvora koji se odnose na roditeljsku odgovornost i najbolji interes djeteta; U trećem poglavlju prezentirani su, s teorijskog aspekta te u kontekstu opših komentara Komiteta za prava djeteta i domaćeg prava, principi Konvencije o pravima djeteta – najbolji interes djeteta te pravo na saslušanje djeteta i uvažavanje njegovog mišljenja; U okviru četvrtog poglavlja analizirano je zakonsko uređenje roditeljskog staranja, odnosno roditeljskog prava u Bosni i Hercegovini, domaća sudska praksa u ovoj oblasti i predmeti s međunarodnim elementom; U petom poglavlju dat je prikaz referentne prakse Evropskog suda za ljudska prava i Suda Evropske unije; Šesto poglavlje sadrži ključne preporuke Panela proistekle iz razmotrene sudske prakse u Bosni i Hercegovini Atlantska inicijativa se zahvaljuje učesnicama i učesnicima Panela, koji su svojim znanjem i posvećenošću radnom procesu doprinijeli da pravosuđe u Bosni i Hercegovini postane bogatije za još jedan značajan resursni materijal. Sastanke Panela i izradu ovog priručnika podržala je Švedska ambasada u Bosni i Hercegovini kroz projekat Rod i pravosuđe.

Opinions Divided on EU Unitary Patent

Author(s): Stefania Kolarz / Language(s): English

From 1 June, there is a new way of protecting inventions in the EU. The unitary patent is intended to support inventors and improve protection of their inventions. For now, the unitary patent is in force on the basis of enhanced cooperation between 17 EU states, but it is already causing controversy among them, as well as with business. Reservations about the cost-effectiveness of the solution means that applicants for protection still often choose national patents.

EU Agrees the Digital Services Act

Author(s): Marta Makowska / Language(s): English

The Digital Services Act agreed in April between the Parliament, the Commission, and the Council of the EU is the first regulation in the world to set the rules for removing illegal online content, increasing the transparency of the functioning of websites, and improving the safety of network users. The implementation of the act in the European Union will be a challenge due to its wide scope, requiring increased involvement of the EU administration in the ongoing control of platforms. At the same time, the EU hopes that the act will become a model for similar laws in other parts of the world.

Police Reform in Georgia

Author(s): Alexander Kupatadze / Language(s): English

In this paper I do not intend to make the argument that police serve the interests of the ‘privileged class.’ Nor do I aim to downplay the achievements in reforming a notoriously corrupt police force. Rather I demonstrate that an important angle of police reform, making it accountable, transparent and de-politicised, remains unachieved and should not be ignored in academic writings and in the reports of international organisations such as the World Bank. The lack of critical attention to the shortcomings of police reform fits the trend of overlooking significant shortcomings in Georgian democracy and human rights by some international organisations and foreign states. This trend is damaging to the legitimacy of these same institutions/countries. // This paper analyses the trajectory of post-revolutionary transition in the criminal justice system and the way in which the rule of law has been undermined for the sake of building a strong state. I discuss the achievements and shortcomings of Georgian police reform and argue that the reforms have mainly targeted ‘low policing’ in order to meet the key concerns of the citizenry while ‘high policing’ remained above the law and a crucial safeguard for the ruling regime. Importantly there are many questions whether the larger goals of policing understood broadly such as normative compliance, cultural change and citizen acceptance of police authority are accomplished and whether the policies in place are appropriate for the achievement of these goals.

Disfuncționalitățile majore ale procesului de promovare a politicilor publice descrise pe exemplul proiectului de lege pentru modificarea „modului de administrare a drumurilor”

Author(s): Vitalie Rapcea / Language(s): Romanian

On 25.05.2023, the Parliament approved, in the final reading, the project to amend the way of public road administration, and now it is waiting its turn to be promulgated by the presidential institution. The project is in contradiction with the state's vision in the field of road administration, in the field of administration and denationalization of public property and may jeopardize the achievement of the European Moldova 2030 objective. This analysis comes to use the case of legislative project no. 85 of 30.03.2022 to describe the major dysfunctions in the process of promoting public policies, both at Government and Parliament level. The case illustrates how a fundamental policy decision can be promoted in the absence of sufficient argumentation, in the absence of a sectoral vision, in contradiction with other strategic planning documents, in the context of a negative anti-corruption opinion, and despite the numerous risks: image, financial alienation of public patrimony, distortion of the market, etc.