Reči svetlosti

Author(s): Eduardo Cadava / Language(s): Serbian

Here Eduardo Cadava demonstrates that Walter Benjamin articulates his conception of history through the language of photography. Focusing on Benjamin’s discussion of the flashes and images of history, he argues that the questions raised by this link between photography and history touch on issues that belong to the entirely trajectory of his writings, including the historical and political consequences of technology, images and history, remembering and forgetting, allegory and mourning.

Pogled i subjektivnost

Author(s): Branka Arsić / Language(s): Serbian

The entire philosophy of the new age would have been different had the model of reason and rationality been looked for in optics instead of in geometry. Optics offers a possibility to supply a real image-object with status, function and name of a virtual object, without characterizing this change of status as hallucination. The possibilities for the interpretation of the character of reason and the nature of the subject-object relation, i.e. the nature of subject, thus presenting themselves, immediately become apparent. Optics would permit the crossing and linking together of real and imaginary space, but not by turning real space into the imaginary, or vice versa, but rather by keeping, in their being linked together, the difference between these two spaces, at once undermining the very possibility of what the 17th- and 18th- century theoreticians called "the absolute space".

GALIMATIAS. ZAPRZEPASZCZONY SENS OŚWIECENIA

Author(s): Stanisław Filipowicz / Language(s): Polish

Nowoczesność jest rozdarta, uwikłana w sprzeczności. Próbując wyrwać się z zamętu świata, odwołaliśmy się do autorytetu rozumu. Dziś świetnie już wiemy, że zamęt związany może być także z rozumem. Optymistyczne przesłanie Wieku Świateł załamało się. Symbolika Oświecenia to symbolika dobroczynnej iluminacji. Już rewolucja francuska stawia nam jednak przed oczami obraz parkosyzmów ludzkiego szaleństwa. A dzisiaj? Ze wszystkich stron wkrada się wieloznaczność i niepewność. Czy jesteśmy racjonalni? Żyjemy w gmatwaninie prawd ułomnych, mających krótki żywot. Mówimy o demokracji, z pewnością nie wypada nam już jednak mówić o rządach rozumu. Przed bezradnością bronimy się, uciekając do krainy mitów. W mętnych wodach popkultury rodzą się nowe mitologie. Walczymy z nimi orężem utopii. Obraz Miasta Słońca zastąpiła dziś utopia rozumu komunikacyjnego. Powstaje galimatias. Czy potrafimy się z nim zmierzyć? Racjonalność terroru (obrona rewolucji przed jej wrogami, zagrożenie obleganej przez nieprzyjaciół ojczyzny) ma charakter pozorny. W istocie bowiem najważniejsza jest sama furia sponiewierania i zastraszenia, która niweczy wszelkie wymagania rozumu. Jakże inaczej mielibyśmy bowiem oceniać samą formułę obwinienia, którą przyjmowano, tworząc prawne podstawy machiny śmierci. Zgodnie z dekretem z 22 prairiala (10 czerwca) 1794 roku Trybunał Rewolucyjny mógł wydać tylko dwa wyroki – uniewinnienie lub śmierć. Na żadne niuanse nie ma miejsca. Rewolucyjny „wymiar sprawiedliwości” stanowi w istocie świadectwo manichejskiej obsesji, która sens działania odnajduje w pragnieniu oczyszczenia, dokonującego się poprzez śmierć, poprzez unicestwienie tego, co „nieczyste”.

Marek J. Siemek, Dzieła. III. » Fichte w kontekście «

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

A collection of works by Marek J. Siemek devoted to the author of The Science of Knowledge, complementing and developing the themes of Idea transcendentalizmu u Fichtego i Kanta [The Idea of Transcendentalism in Fichte and Kant]. The texts come from different periods of Professor’s work – from the second half of the 1960s to the first years of the 21st century. Their juxtaposition shows how integral, consistently developed whole was the thought of Marek J. Siemek throughout four decades of his scientific activity.

Marek J. Siemek, Dzieła. VI. » Pisma rozproszone «

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

Writings of Marek J. Siemek published in journals, collective works and in the press in the years 1963–1973 and 1991–2007: scholarly, journalistic and popularizing articles, lectures and reviews, interview and discussion transcripts. They reveal the diversity of the Professor’s interests and portray the dynamic and intense character of his critical thought, which, in confronting the most current issues of 20th-century humanities, constantly reminds us about the crucial role that philosophy is to play in the understanding and co-shaping of the whole of the social and historical human world.

Marek J. Siemek, Dzieła. I. » Idea transcendentalizmu u Fichtego i Kanta. Studium z dziejów filozoficznej problematyki wiedzy «

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

The most important Polish publication devoted to the philosophy of Kant and Fichte. The fundamental aim of the Author was to describe a way of thinking called transcendentalism, as the works of the two philosophers have played a crucial role in its birth and development. The idea of transcendentalism has been extracted by Siemek from various historical entanglements, presented using a language independent of the old philosophy, but most importantly – the ground-breaking character of transcendentalism and its timeliness from the point of view of modern thought has been argued in a fascinating way.

Marek J. Siemek, Dzieła. II. » Wolność i utopia w myśli filozoficznej Schillera «

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

The basis of the edition is a new version of the text about Schiller, which Marek J. Siemek worked on in the last years of his life. Compared to the known monograph published in the series Thoughts and People (Universal Knowledge, 1970), the volume has been enriched with a critical apparatus and philosophical threads appearing in the author's considerations in later years. The author presents Schiller from a site less known to the Polish reader: not as a poet and playwright, but as a philosopher - a pupil of enlightenment exceeding the ideological horizons of the era, the reader and Kant's original interpreter. He discusses his reflections on the sense of history, attitude to the Greek ideal, as well as the most famous philosophical ideas - concepts of naive and sentimental poetry and the project of aesthetic education.

Marek J. Siemek, Dzieła. VIII. » Recepcja i oddziaływanie Marka Siemka w Europie «

Author(s): Marek J. Siemek / Language(s): Polish

This volume contains articles written by eighteen representatives of the philosophical continental Europe, that bear witness to the fact that the concepts that made Professor Siemek famous worldwide – especially the epistemico-epistemological difference and late-modern socialization – are now more relevant than ever. Without referring to these concepts it is impossible to determine, where to find reason presently and what it should be concerned with.

Edebiyatta Posthümanizm

Author(s): / Language(s): Turkish

Yirmi birinci yüzyıl ile birlikte ivme kazanan NBIC (nanoteknoloji, biyoteknoloji, enformasyon teknolojileri ve bilişim bilim) teknolojileri alışılageldik kavramlar üzerinden yapılan geleneksel insan tanımlarını ve insana yüklediğimiz değerleri değiştirmektedir. İnsanın ve doğanın ‘doğasını’ değiştirmenin eşiğinde olan kök hücre araştırmaları, yeniden üreme biyoteknolojileri, sentetik biyoloji, insan genom ve gen-tasarım teknolojilerinden, klonlama teknolojileri, türler arası organ nakil teknolojileri ve suni hayat ve yapay yaşam ortamlarına kadar birçok biyomedikal, biyoteknolojik ve sibernetik buluş yeni bir dönüm noktasını ya da insanlık tarihinde yeni bir kırılmayı işaret etmektedir. Söz konusu gelişmelere eşlik eden düşünsel değişimler ise insana ve doğaya dair genel geçer ve asla değişmez diye adlandırdığımız temel kategorileri sorgulayarak dönüşümün gerekliliğini vurgulamaktadır. Posthümanizm bu dönüşümlerin bir yansıması olarak, geçmiş, bugün ve gelecek arasındaki bağları irdeler; bu bağlamda da insan, insan-ötesi/ üstü/sonrası/dışı/ alternatif senaryolar üretir/sunar. Bütün bu gelişmeleri ve dönüşümleri ele almayı amaçlayan Posthümanizm Serisi’nin ilk kitabı olan Edebiyatta Posthümanizm, Batı toplumlarını ideolojisini ve zihniyetini yüzyıllardır besleyen insanı evrenin merkezi kabul eden anlayış biçiminin vuku bulduğu insan/doğa, insan/insan-olmayan gibi ikili düşünce sistemini kökten çökerten posthümanizm kuramlar bütününün edebi yazında nasıl kavramsallaştırıldığını sorgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu kitap Posthümanizm ve Edebiyat ilişkisini derinlemesine inceleyen farklı coğrafyalarda ve farklı dönemlerde yazılmış çeşitli Osmanlı-Türk ve Batı edebiyatlarından örnekleri posthümanist kuramsal yaklaşımlar çerçevesinde analiz ederek insan ötesi yaşam türlerinin edebiyattaki yansımalarını tartışır. Seçilen eserlerde posthümanizmin feminizm, ekoeleştiri, biyopolitika ve transhümanizm gibi kuramlarla birbirlerine katkısı doğrultusunda yakından ilişkisi incelenmektedir.

PARYSKA KULTURA – 1991 / 525

Author(s): Maciej Zieliński,Marcin W. Zieliński,Krzysztof Wolicki,Leopold Unger,Zbigniew M. Fallenbuchl,Tadeusz Chrzanowski,Adam Kruczek,Marek Adamiec,Andrzej Dobosz / Language(s): Polish

Rekonstrukcja kategorii bliskości w polskim systemie prawnym

Author(s): Marlena Drapalska-Grochowicz / Language(s): Polish

As Martin Heidegger wrote, “In being there lies an essential inclination towards closeness.” However, explaining what this inclination means is not an easy task. Reconstruction of the category of closeness in the Polish legal system attempts to answer the question of the meaning of closeness in law, using a psychological view of the phenomenon. Although intuitively it might seem that law and closeness have little in common, this monograph reveals the complex relationship that exists between them. The non-obvious nature of these relations is influenced by the fact that various understandings of closeness are accepted on the ground of law. In turn, depending on this, the law can be an important instrument for either supporting or lowering the level of fulfillment of needs in close relationships.

History as the Story of Liberty

Author(s): Benedetto Croce / Language(s): English

FROM AUTHOR’s FOREWORD: I propose in this volume to take up again the subject of the Theory and History of the Writing of History which I wrote in 1912-13, and which was continued in my History of Italian Historiography in the Nineteenth Century and in several other shorter works. I do not wish to offer this book in replacement of the previous book, but only to add new considerations bom of my further studies and stimulated by new experience of life. In conformity with its origin, this book consists of a series of essays which share an implicit unity in the thought which runs through them all, and to which I have given also an explicit unity by means of the first essay, which serves as an introduction. Any slight repetition or infraction of the order of exposition noticeable now and then is a consequence of the literary form of the essay.

Inne życia. Polityka i etyka żałoby w pismach Jacques'a Derridy

Author(s): Aleksander Kopka / Language(s): Polish

This monograph is devoted to the problem of mourning in the writings of Jacques Derrida and is based on a premise that mourning offers a unique and crucial access to the political and ethical dimension of his thought. Moreover, it conditions any ethics and politics whatsoever. In order to show the legitimacy of this thesis, the monograph reconstructs the way of thought originating in Derrida's early texts and exposes the source contamination of life by death, and consequently leads to deconstruction of metaphysical assumptions regarding the concept of singular and communal life in ethical and political discourses. The issue of mourning, therefore, provokes a more in-depth thinking about politics and ethics, which is based on a call for radical and unlimited responsibility for the mortal and singular other, and at the same time inspires to change not only the language of politics determined by ontotheology but also the political praxis itself. Therefore, the monograph unveils the necessary relationship between the thought of mourning and key political concepts (such as justice, hospitality, democracy, autoimmunity), the hyperbolic nature of which Derrida affirms in his writings.

Emocjonalna historia wiedzy (XVII–XXI wiek)

Author(s): Françoise Waquet / Language(s): Polish

The first Polish translation of the book written by one of the most important researchers in the world, studying the history of science and the history of knowledge. Françoise Waquet writes about the importance of emotions in creating science and about the science in the media, materialistic, physical and spatial context. The author observes the dilemmas, hopes and fears of scientists present in their everyday research work over the centuries, and proves that it is impossible to understand the history of science and research practices without considering the figure of a scientist, perceived not so much as a fully rational subject, but as constantly tormented by conflicting emotions and desires.

Média a rychlost

Author(s): Stanislav Hubík / Language(s): Czech

The dromoscopic order of visibility and the associated dromospheric perception arose from a relatively rapid reversal of the places and functions of geometric optics and wave optics: direct vision (through the eye) gave way to indirect vision (through television), the object of vision (the house) gave way to its sign representation (photography), geometrization (maps) was overlaid by combinatorial mathematization (software). As a result, the new dromoscopy triumphed over the old scopia: in situ optics succumbed to wave optics and heralded the advent of the dromoscopic revolution. The indirect inner light of screens is our second sun – but it also marks the end of the outer world of immediate revelation. The experience of reality has been replaced by the report of reality, sunlit reality has been replaced by the imitation of reality on screens...

Narrating Nature: Zapatista Encounters and the Remaking of Human–Environmental Relations

Author(s): Beatriz Lopes Cerqueira / Language(s): English

In the light of increasing environmental degradation and the climate crisis, among others, and the intertwined augmented pressures on the global population’s well-being, human-Nature relationships have become a topical issue. These relationships are intrinsically politico-ecological, currently shaped by capitalist-modernity that functions based on extractivism. Therefore, it is imperative to shift towards more caring human-Nature relationships, which are being developed in and through political counter-movements. Taking the Zapatista movement as an example, this book explores other ways of thinking and acting towards Nature that allows for the development of non-exploitative human-Nature relationships. It follows the argument that the Zapatista fight is a politico-ecological one, in which the movement’s political aims and decisions are grounded in a Mayan-derived, indigenous worldview of Nature and in their influence in defining more caring human-Nature relationships; and that, therefore, their fight is also expressed through the ways they put these relationships in practice, particularly in their ways of doing agriculture (through agroecology, based on values such as care, respect, and democracy). In turn, these help to guarantee not only their resistance to the dominant extractivist system, but also their autonomy, the main aim of the civil part of the Zapatista movement.

WIDZIALNOŚĆ ZAWIŚCI. O resentymencie w życiu politycznym

Author(s): Filip Pierzchalski / Language(s): Polish

Autor podnosi w sposób pionierski problematykę emocji w perspektywie mechanizmów życia politycznego. Bogata literatura, różnorodna problematyka, żywy i klarowny język sprawiają, że książka z pewnością spotka się z żywym zainteresowaniem czytelników i reakcją zwłaszcza środowisk akademickich. Widzialność zawiści... Pierzchalskiego to książka odważna, nowoczesna i jednocześnie książka o widzialności. Można tylko pogratulować Autorowi i życzyć, aby Widzialna zawiść... była bardzo dobrze widzialna. prof. Jerzy Kochan Pierzchalski, meandrując po historii myśli politycznej, filozofii i psychologii prowadzi czytelnika przez niemal wszystkie tropy refleksji, w której pojawiał się namysł nad socjo-kulturową (kolektywną, międzypokoleniową) naturą emocji kształtujących procesy indywidualnej percepcji obiektów i zjawisk politycznych. Może imponować swoboda, z jaką autor miksuje spostrzeżenia klasyków antyku, Kartezjusza, tradycji marksowskiej, kulturowego nurtu socjologii wiedzy z ustaleniami przedstawicieli współczesnej kognitywistyki i neuronauki. prof. Lech Szczegóła Filip Pierzchalski – doktor habilitowany, politolog pracujący w Katedrze Teorii Polityki i Myśli Politycznej Wydziału Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. Autor licznych artykułów naukowych poświęconych teoretycznym wyzwaniom we współczesnej nauce o polityce, kategorii podmiotowości politycznej, socjotechnice politycznej oraz zjawisku przywództwa politycznego. Autor monografii: Podmiotowość polityczna w perspektywie indywidualistycznej i holistycznej (2009); Morfogeneza przywództwa politycznego. Pomiędzy strukturą a podmiotowością sprawczą (2013); Political Leadership: Structure – Consciousness – Emotions (2023).

Nietzsche, Gai Saber, and Modernity

Author(s): Yunus Tuncel / Language(s): English

“The revival of interest in Provençal poetry in the late nineteenth century was a major inspiration for modern literary thinking. In tracing Friedrich Nietzsche’s engagement with Provençal lyric, Yunus Tuncel elucidates many of the philosopher’s most affirmative and exhilarating gestures. Tuncel does not shy away from difficult questions, such as the seeming divergence between Nietzsche and the Provençal poets in terms of representing gender. Festooned with copious, illustrations and written in a creative and poetic manner, Nietzsche, Gai Saber, and Modernity sits at the borderline of philosophy and joy.”— Nicholas Birns, New York University“Tuncel explores the textual and topographical terrain of the troubadours and trobairitiz to show the spiritual affinity between their gai saber culture and Nietzsche’s advocation for a joyful wisdom, complicating the narrative divide between antiquity, medievalia, and the modern - enriching the study of the medieval poets and the modern philosopher while challenging us to live more fully.”— David Kilpatrick, Mercy University“Tuncel’s Nietzsche, Gai Saber, and Modernity traces an obscure, but fascinating genealogy of modernity from the Occitan culture and its “gai saber” in medieval France, to the troubadour minstrels it created, culminating in Nietzsche’s own joyful wisdom. It is an erudite and exciting read that brings a crucial microhistory back into the light.”— Luke Trusso, New York University

O čemu govorimo kad govorimo o (post)istini

Author(s): Predrag Krstić / Language(s): Serbian

The book convincingly demonstrates not only that the understanding and position of "truth" is always historically and culturally contextualized, but also that truth itself has its own history, the history of its affirmations and its denials. Its current moment clearly appears only with regard to this historical consciousness. After all the experiences, spiritual and others, with the apotheosis and criticism of one Truth, we live today, as in many other periods, in a dual relationship to the truth: it can also be the harsh God of the Old Testament if it is prescribed by those who are convinced that they are in its sovereign possession, and giving it up and putting it on the soulless market of media products may be too high a price to pay in the coin of losing every standard, every reliability and every trust.

Bibliografija časopisa Praxis: Jugoslavensko izdanje 1/1964-11/1974

Author(s): Dobrilo Aranitović / Language(s): Serbian

This book provides another perspective from which the entire Praxis philosophy and the Korčula Summer School can be viewed. There are Hegelian and Marxist themes, themes of the theory of knowledge, art, religion and many others. Hence, this bibliography is inextricably linked with the fate of philosophy, which found its expression in the magazine Praxis.