Aspects on the Harmonization of Copyright and Related Rights in the Information Society in the European Union Legislation

Author(s): Cristina Mihaela Salcă Rotaru / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The influence of technological development has led to the multiplication and diversification of the creativity, production and exploitation vectors of copyright and related rights legislation, which must be adapted with economic realities and new forms of exploitation. Legislation in this area is comprehensive, addressing different aspects of copyright and related rights protection, across different regulatory levels: international, European and national. Legislative harmonization of copyright and related rights must be based on a high level of protection, should take into account all regulatory levels, for maintaining and developing creativity in the interests of authors, producers, consumers, and culture. However, legislative differences as well as legal uncertainty have become increasingly prominent with the evolution of the information society, which has already led to the intensification of the cross-border exploitation of intellectual property. This paper aims to: - examine the state of play of current legislation at EU level in the light of the interest of harmonious administration of justice, the elimination of protection differences and possible restrictions on the free movement of services and products incorporating or based on intellectual property, - to highlight, where appropriate, situations of legislative inconsistency. The research will take into account the binding EU legislation, the cases brought before the Court of Justice of the European Union and the new recommendations in the field.

The Progress and Development of the Digital Library of “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu Since 2007

Author(s): Rodica-Maria Volovici,Cristina Pârvu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In 2007, when the city of Sibiu (Romania) received the title of European Capital of Culture, the “Lucian Blaga” University Library was involved in its first digitization projects, the first one being SCRIBe - System for Processing and Visualization of the Old Book Fund. The main objective of the SCRIBe project was the development of an informational system offering the beneficiaries access to the old book fund, to which normal access was limited due to the scarcity of copies and due to the need of protecting documents with a high degree of wear. In the following years, we have concluded partnerships with local and county authorities developing our own digital library, which has since been growing continuously.

Revista BIBLIOTECA [“The Library” Review]: 1948-2018 Librarians

Author(s): Elena Tîrziman,Maria MICLE / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The “Biblioteca” Journal, edited today by the National Libary of Romania, is a monthly publication best known in the Romanian library environment. It is the oldest publication dealing with library studies in Romania: in 2018, "Biblioteca" celebrates 70 years of existence. The journal first appeared in 1948, but over time, it changed its format, its periodicity, and of course its sections, but it consistently remained a standard for the Romanian journals specialized in librarianship. Furthermore, its presence in the professional community for such an extended period has had multiple meanings. Throughout time, the journal crossed various crises, and its pages bear the mark of its history. Today, the "Library" journal continues to be a binder of the professional community of Romanian librarians, although it faces the challenges of digital communication. This chapter will highlight the evolution of the Romanian Library Science as reflected in the pages of this specialized publication by analyzing the journal content with special focus on its thematic evolution.

The Journeys of Books

Author(s): Robert Coravu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The purpose of this essay is to underline the connection between books and travelling, on concrete and metaphorical levels. Travelling is not just the distance between the starting point and the destination. The journey involves a change in the state of the traveller on an emotional, cognitive, and spiritual level. From this perspective, the book is always the fulfilled promise of a journey. It is at the same time the territory and the vehicle of an inner, exploratory travel, and a cultural object that, in order to fulfil its purpose, must walk the way to the reader, its destination. Last, but not least, the book travels over time as a form of recorded memory of mankind.

„Gościńce trwałe i wieczne” zamiast „olbrzymich głazów samotnych”: neorealizm w myśli politycznej Prawa i Sprawiedliwości

Author(s): Waldemar Paruch / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

The article is the analysis of Law and Justice party, perceived as neorealistic (as opposed to neoliberalism). The argument between neorealists– neoliberals implied polarisation, concentration, political mobilisation in Poland. The adversary of Law and Justice is Civic Platform – a neoliberal party. In theoretical background the subject of the competition is realism. The choice of the means to achieve goals is based on historic, cultural and geopolitical analysis. For Civic Platform realism is based on the adjustment of means for the political disposal. In the article four dimensions were analysed: cognitive, conceptual, axiological and programmatic. One of the most important consequence of realism for Law and Justice party is hard politics visible in international affairs.

Podmiotowość istoty ludzkiej w procesie rozwoju i transformacji – refleksja historiozoficzna

Author(s): Jerzy Kmieciński / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

The article deals with one of the most important questions in the history of humanity: why we are here. The author provides a wide overview of the evolution of human thought around the issue of our origins. We continuously have been asking ourselves the same question throughout our history, but it lead us to different conclusions. The essence of life is inseparably linked with the reason of our existence. The effect of which is visible not only in philosophy or sociology, but also in arts. While philosophy tries to describe this essence by thought, art tries to describe it by form and shape. While there is no philosophy without relation to the genesis of humanity, there is no art without emotions. This is why the humans are so curious to discover the past both by thought and form. We simply try to answer this one particular prehistoric question.

Rosyjscy dziennikarze: radykalizacja przestrzeni wirtualnej

Author(s): Jan Morawicki / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Journalism in Russia faces not only a problem of co-existence with an authoritarian re¬gime. Intense changes within distribution of information (growth of popularity of social media, common access to video and sound recording devices, problem of fact-checking) lead to – in conditions of the present political situation – forming of specific strategies in the journalists’ behavior in the visual space, so that arises the matter of characteristic fea¬tures of alterations within the following relations: employee–employer, journalist–receiver, journalist–journalist, journalist–state

The Legal Status Regarding the Romanian Tax Executor

Author(s): Alice Maria Cristina Zdanovschi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article focuses on the legal provisions governing the institution of the Romanian tax executor and aims to identify its legal status, by presenting its role and tasks in the tax execution procedure, and at the same time presents comparative aspects between the tax executor and the court executor. So, the forced execution of fiscal obligations is a way of extinguishing them. Furthermore, according to the special provisions existing in the field of taxation, when the taxpayers have not fulfilled their fiscal obligations at the date when they became due, the right of the state to pass to forced execution of the fiscal obligations is born on this date. And due to the enforceability of the title of the tax claim, the forced execution procedure carried out by the tax authorities is not preceded by another judicial procedure. Moreover, the tax authorities fulfill the forced execution procedure through tax executors, thus, the importance of its legal status is more than relevant compared to the “common law” executor in the Romanian legal system, which is the court executor.

New Parties in Japan – In the Search of a “Third Pole” on the Political Scene

Author(s): Karol Żakowski / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The main aim of this paper is to compare the political stances of the conservative parties established since 2005 and to analyze to what degree they can become an alternative to the LDP and DPJ. Although many Japanese people were disappointed with both major parties, under the current electoral system it was very difficult for smaller formations to become a credible “third pole” on the political scene. However, the parliamentary success of the JRA in the December 2012 election showed that under special conditions even smaller groups could challenge the domination of the two major parties.

Didn’t it mean a thing fit ain’t got that swing? Swing Voters and Accountability Mechanism in the Japanese Lower House Election 2009

Author(s): Masahiro Yamada / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper investigates the democratic accountability mechanism. It is essential to democracy that voters are able to create a shift in national political power through an election when they are dissatisfied with the performance of the current government. The question is who can trigger such a shift in Japan’s 2009 LH election: knowledgeable or uninformed voters? Our result shows that swing voters are neither outstandingly knowledgeable nor ideal citizens. The study’s findings on political knowledge indicate that they are very ordinary people. On the other hand, the DPJ stayers in the study were more knowledgeable than average voters, and the LDP stayers and swing voters followed the DPJ stayers. Given the unpopularity of the cabinet at the time of the election, some people who regarded the DPJ as more capable of managing government swung from the LDP to the DPJ. Thus, swing voters in 2009 made the same voting choice as the DPJ stayers, who were the most politically knowledgeable. Should their decision be criticized, or did it make sense in terms of political knowledgeability?

Twitter and Local Political Candidates in Japan: An Analysis of the 2011 Osaka Prefectural Assembly Election

Author(s): Tetsukazu Okamoto / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This study analysed the factors that impact the adoption of Twitter by political candidates. The findings obtained do not necessarily support the normalization thesis; the affiliation with major parties only had a limited impact on the usage of Twitter, and the dominance of incumbents does not affect Twitter usage.

Do ‘Professional’ and ‘Non-Professional’ Dimensions of Biography Really Exist? Deliberations Based upon The Autobiographical Novel by Michał Głowiński: A Reflection Written for Two Voices

Author(s): Marcin Maria Bogusławski,Monika Modrzejewska-Świgulska / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

European Union citizenship and member state nationality: rethinking the link?

Author(s): Dora Kostakopoulou / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

That European Union citizenship remains an unfinished institution is beyond any doubt. Even its modest original content enshrined in the Treaty of European Union revealed this. Article 25 TFEU (formerly Article 22 TEC) has always carried the promise of the extension its material scope of Union citizenship by a unanimous decision of the Council in accordance with a special legislative procedure and after obtaining the consent of the European Parliament. Althought his procedure has not been activated yet, EU citizenship has evolved.

GAYROPA and the bear: how gender discourse shapes the contemporary Russians’ attitudes to Europe

Author(s): Oleg Riabov,Tatiana Riabova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Gender discourse plays an important role in contemporary Russians’ attitudes toward Europe. On one hand, it negatively influences the image of Europe, while on the other it reflects many significant aspects of Russians’ comprehension of Us versus Them. Due to the role which gender images, symbols, and metaphors play in constructing social boundaries and hierarchies, they are widely used in the representations of Russian-European relations. Influential politicians and experts speak out on the issue, and leading publications are publishing articles provoking a huge response among commentators on the Internet.

LA MIGRACIÓN A DISCUSIÓN: MÉXICO PAÍS DE ORIGEN, TRÁNSITO Y DESTINO DE MIGRANTES

Author(s): Cristina Gómez Johnson / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

In recent years the increase in crime and violence rates in Mexico and Central America which has forced the population to migrate. So the population displacements, although they have economics as main reason, it is noteworthy that violent events suffered in their areas of origin have also been a trigger to abandon their homes. Unfortunately, this situation is not recognized by the states, which prefer to see the mobilizations as a solution to joint socio-economic difficulties for some sectors of the population. Without a national protection, victims are vulnerable to organized crime and therefore they resort to external displacement, crossing the border of irregular way, which violates them for the second time. The vulnerability will increase if they decide to start an international migration process.

LA METAMORFOSIS DE LA ORGANIZACIÓN TRANSNACIONAL: UN BALANCE SOBRE EL FUNCIONAMIENTO DE LAS ASOCIACIONES DE INMIGRANTES MEXICANOS EN ESTADOS UNIDOS

Author(s): Carlos Alberto González Zepeda / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

When talking about an organization regularly described as a space where individuals with disparate interests that weave interact various forms of relationships: hierarchical, social and power through which negotiate roles and activities aimed at achieving objectives common. Action that falls to the work and skills of leadership to enable forms of work that stimulate membership commitment,direct individual actions towards the achievement of collective goals and guarantee organizational stability.

POLÍTICAS DE CONTROL DE LA MOVILIDAD: LOS ESTADOS ANTE EL TRANSNACIONALISMO

Author(s): Joan Lacomba Vázquez,María Isolda Perelló Carrascosa / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

In a world with increasing population mobility, whether of a character voluntary or forced, states tend to reinforce control over people and territories. Human mobility, associated with a part to the deepening of the globalization process (those that fundamentally move in search of a life model based on consumption material and cultural, associated with economic and social success) and, on the other, the political instability, armed conflict, insecurity, disasters natural or climate change (displacement of people against of his will to protect their lives), has become a central object of the political debate.

LA CONCEPTUALIZACIÓN DE LA MIGRACIÓN DE RETORNO COMO PARTE DEL PROCESO MIGRATORIO: LA PERSPECTIVA TRANSNACIONAL Y EL PARADIGMA DE LA MOVILIDAD EN DIÁLOGO

Author(s): Sonia Parella,Alisa Petroff,Clara Piqueras,Thales Speroni / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

The study of return migration is not easy, much less when this type of displacement occurs at a time like the current, in which international migration dynamics are attended every time more complex that generate new and new migration patterns typologies and profiles of migrants (Rivera, 2013; Jáuregui and Recaño 2014). An inherent limitation to the first studies on return migration it was the fact of conceptualizing the return as mobility of people to their places of origin with the intention of settling there and conclude the migration cycle (Gmelch, 1980; Hirai, 2013). This scheme simplifier was too rigid when analyzing all modalities acquired by returning to the place from which emigrated.

EL PAPEL DE LAS REDES INTERMEDIARIAS EN LAS MIGRACIONES: CASO DE ESTUDIO DE UN CENTRO DE ACOGIDA CEAR EN ESPARTINAS. SEVILLA

Author(s): Maria Inmaculada Ceballos Cuadrado / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

Human mobility is a phenomenon that has always existed as innate characteristic of the human being, but at the present time we are witnessing the greatest displacement of people since the second war world. According to UNHCR (2017) more than sixty million people have migrated, thanks to the revolution in the means of transport and in the communication; for conflictive situations like those in the Middle East or that the Democratic Republic of the Congo is living; along with the change climate that is increasingly accentuating the environmental consequences that we have experienced

SER ENFERMERA O ENFERMERO LATINOAMERICANO E INMIGRANTE

Author(s): Blanca Inés Carvajal Calderón / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

Throughout history, people have emigrated; voluntarily in seeking a better life, or involuntarily because of war, hunger or the persecution; thus, international migration is a global reality,but the number of migrants has doubled in the last four decades;a significant proportion of these migrants are workers, health professionals and nurses (Kingma 2007).