Przegląd zagraniczny
Tym razem w przeglądzie zagranicznym przedstawiamy Bruce’a Chatwina, niezwykle interesującego pisarza angielskiego, który zmarł pod koniec ubiegłego roku.
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Tym razem w przeglądzie zagranicznym przedstawiamy Bruce’a Chatwina, niezwykle interesującego pisarza angielskiego, który zmarł pod koniec ubiegłego roku.
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The research deals with folklore representations of the vampire in the Serbian literature. By reconstructing the vampire motif, we shall point out the traditional elements that appear in the representative works from the beginning of the 20th to the 21st century. Examples of the transposition of this motif in the Serbian short stories are Vampir Pantelija by Danica Marković (1992), Vampirica by Božidar Kovačević (1928) and Vampirović by Ivan Pavić (2017). By analysing the motif of vampire focusing on the origins, physical characteristics, and methods of vampire destruction, the paper indicates genre conditionality of its representation and in some places divergence from the traditional image of the vampire. At the same time, the paper points out possible perspectives of interpretation in the approach to this literary motif, and the method of the study is founded on the reconstruction of the folklore template, based on the extensive corpus of folk belief and theoretical works.
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Ce travail vise à donner l’analyse des dramatis personae comme les éléments constitutifs de drame, à l’aide des concepts dramatiques modernes. Ayant choisi la pièce Le professeur Taranne (1953) de dramaturge français Arthur Adamov, nous tenons à examiner le statut et l’identité du personnage dramatique au contexte du théâtre de l’absurde et ses tendances particulières, avec un accent mis sur la problématique de la vie aliénée / la non-vie, issue du degré zéro des relations humaines – le concept représentatif de l’œuvre d’Adamov. D’ailleurs, c’est dans cette optique et avec une approche herméneutique interprétative que nous voulons éclairer le caractère dit dramatique de la pièce d’Adamov, plus particulièrement par rapport au drame traditionnel, et dans le but d’une meilleure compréhension de l’idée d’enchaînement entre la forme et le contenu.
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This paper analyses Carlos Fuentes social engagement in The Death ofArtemio Cruz, which focuses on the birth, the development path and the death ofthe Mexican Revolution. The paper relies on the same attitudes towards the socialengagement and responsibility of the prose writer held by Jean-Paul Sartre, MichelFoucault, and postmodern theorists, since The Death of Artemio Cruz is consideredto be one of the first manifestations of budding postmodernism in Latin America.We also refer to the theoretical considerations that Fuentes expresses in his proseworks and essays. We point out that Carlos Fuentes uses the body and the actions(bribery, speculation, oppression of the Indian people) of the former revolutionary,Artemio Cruz, to bring to light the recurring political patterns of behavior, and toprove that, in accordance with Foucault s conception, the body is the mirror of thestate. Through the aforementioned elements we also analyse the manifestations of thefailure of revolutionary ideals, striving to shed light on the appeal that Fuentes makesto his readers in order to point out the necessity of (political) engagement, which isa prerequisite for the survival of the revolution itself. Therefore, it is important tohighlight that the death of Artemio Cruz does not necessarily mean the death of therevolution or the state, but the possibility of its regeneration, which can be achievedthrough the engagement of each individual.
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The aim of this research is to point out the ethical and aesthetic values presented in the trilogy Savage Acts by Ramón María del Valle-Inclán. Moreover, the thoughts on which the aesthetic symbolism is based, such as esoteric doctrines, 19th century philosophy as well as religious ethics, are addressed. Additionally, the aesthetics in its aspects of archetype, myth, chronotopе, and the Decadent Movement is reviewed through relevant examples. The uniqueness of the trilogy can be perceived not only in the corpus of the author, but also on the wider scale of dramatic literary tradition. Starting from the fact that these dramas represent an isolated case of the Spanish symbolism, it is proved that they simultaneously represent the first example of the avant-garde in the Spanish literature, as well as an announcement of some of the great European movements in the aesthetics of theatre.
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Yitskhok Katsenelson was a Jewish writer, teacher and translator; he was murdered on May 1st, 1944 in Auschwitz. His work Dos lid fun oysgehargetn yidishn folk [The Song of the Murdered Jewish People] which is one of the most important literary testimonies of the Shoah, was created in the period from October 3rd, 1943 to January 17th, 1944 in the internment camp Vittel in France. Katsenelson had hoped that his Yiddish-language lament would resonate after the war, especially in Israel but also around the world. In our contribution we would like to discuss whether these hopes have been realized.
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This article is a contribution to analysis of the critique of stoicism in the 18th century. The author suggests that the text of J. M. von Loën is intertwined with the trend initiated by Thomasius that was developed by Baumgarten and Meier. The terminology that is used by von Loën evidently suggests genetic connotations with the terminology used by Baumgarten (“rauhe Sittenlehre/Tugend”), and the critical argumentation has the connection with the argumentation used by Meier, who has termed the stoic postulate of stifling emotions as a removal of half of humankind from a human being. Von Loën – similarly to Meier – is a proponent of the concept of a whole human being (“der ganze Mensch”) and he opts for the harmony of the soul (“Gemütsruhe”).
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For some time now, there could be found more and more offers/services on the Internet that are linked to medical industry. An example of this are the doctor evaluation portals, which, as the results of many surveys prove, enjoy ever greater popularity among Internet users. They are used in the first place to find the right doctors, and also give the opportunity to assess them. In the center of interest of the article are opinions on doctors in the form of comments obtained from the German doctor evaluation portal Jameda. The analysis focuses on the expressions describing doctors used by the evaluators in the comments. The starting point for the analysis is the assumption that the appelative personal designations used in the evaluations are of great importance for the general meaning of the entire comment. The corpus of the study consists of about 120 evaluations obtained from the portal. Personal designations excerpted from the texts are analyzed from the perspective of their morphological and syntactic structure, taking into account also the criterion of naming motives.
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The aim of the paper is a linguistic analysis of Polish heterostereotypes about the Germans in the political discourse on the German reparations payments to Poland for II World War. The researched material consists of Polish press articles which have been published in the year 2017. In the paper, the stereotypes as well as the language forms, which have been used in order to emphasize the stereotypes, and functions, that they have full filed, have been analyzed. On the basis of the analysis, the question has been answered, what stereotypes related to the Polish-German relationships during the World War II existed during the researched political period in 2017 in Poland. On the basis of the conducted analysis, the current stereotypes have been determined in the researched discourse.
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A review of the literature of William Faulkner’s use of religious references reveals that there is much criticism about Faulkner’s use of religious references, but little on how they could be taught. For this reason, the current study analyzes this gap in the literature and elaborates on a new, constructive teaching method based on the teacher’s scaffolding and on the relevance of different kinds of interactive activities by which students can unveil Faulkner’s intentions of using religious references. Consequently, in addition to decoding meaning by using different resources, students learn to make worldwide connections and develop different perspectives. As for the teachers, the study calls for a very well organized plan before they begin the teaching process.
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In relevant literature, Croatian Tales of Long Ago (1916) by Ivana Brlic Mazuranic are usually classified into two thematic groups – the fairy tales of ancient Slavic paganism and the fairy tales of Slavic Christianity. Thus, the tale “How Potjeh Sought the Truth”, which opens the Tales, is described as belonging to pre-Christian, proto-Slavic period. This paper deals with the correlations between Slavic mythological and Christian layers in the mentioned tale. As it often happens with such multi-layered texts, the research was added one more dimension. Beside the interpretation of the relationship between Christian and Slavic mythological elements, a different reading key of the tale emerged as the author's intimate autobiography "packed" into a fairy tale (which will be discussed in the second part of the paper).
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In the short review of Georgi Stalev’s works, in The History of Macedonian Literature of the 20th Century, Miodrag Drugovac considers that “the lyrical play Sick Dojchin (1971) is a text that portrays the Macedonian past through legendary suggestions. Transforming the motive about Sick Dojchin, contrary to the heroic ground of the epic poem, Stalev’ s play transforms into introspective discourse about the suffering of the human soul. This puts Georgi Stalev among the first authors from the contemporary Macedonian drama literature who have created modern tragedy. Especially in this context, we can discuss the theoretically- terminologically and literary-aesthetical specification of these plays as modern-ones.
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