Хегел и Байрон. Диалог между „Феноменология на духа“ и мистерията „Каин“

Author(s): Deyan Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This article discuss the relationship between stoicism, scepticism and unhappy consciousness in Hegel’s “Phenomenology of Spirit” and George Byron’s play “Cain”. The Byron’s biblical hero Cain, a son of Adam and Eve, raises a number of philosophical questions and like Hegel’s concept of scepticism, revolt against the established heavenly norms and laws. Through the knowledge that comes from Lucifer and like Hegel’s unhappy consciousness, Cain reaches the self-consciousness for himself.

Моделиране на истината в логическото пространство

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This statue will pose the question for the truth beyond language constituents in its defining and achieving and from this point toward its modeling grounded above all on cognitive parameters. The concrete solution will be searched concerning Wittgenstein’s conception, offered in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, for the “truth-conditions” of a proposition in logical space as its “representing relation” and for the way through which the proposition structures logical space. We will search whether this will be a legitimate version of a “logic of truth” in the sense of Kant, and which elements of Kantian logical project can be applied for the division of logical space for the cognition of an object and its cognitive dislocation in logical universum, exactly from the point of view of the whole cognitively and objectively formed universum. How we can outline the approaches, the algorithm of a “real-objective” calculation of the object value in the logical space.

Болката като разбулване

Author(s): Lazar Koprinarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Pain is seen not as a sensation but as an experience. Several existential "figures" characteristic of the "body-in-pain" are analyzed. In pain experience, the limits of our "might" are questioned. The pain creates an original experience of our own body. The health, which before the pain is "invisible", expresses itself, enters the field of consciousness. The article also examines the possibilities and boundaries for communicating pain and compassion. Also outlined are the consequences of striving to achieve "bodies without pain".

Leibniz on Corporeal Substance

Author(s): Peeter Müürsepp / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

As an idealist, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz could not recognize anything corporeal as substantial. However, under the influence of Cartesian terminology, he devoted considerable effort to analysing the corporeal world, while not recognizing its real substantiality of course. Leibniz took the concept of substance from Plato, Aristotle and the scholastics, but developed it in two ways. It is a well-known fact that Leibniz introduced the term ‘corporeal substance’ in his letter to Antoine Arnauld dated to October1687. In the letter, Leibniz understands an object of nature, like an animal ora plant, as ‘corporeal substance’. In the very same letter, Leibniz introduces the terms ‘indivisibility’ and ‘phenomenon’. Every corporeal substance can be real only as a unity, i.e. by being indivisible. Such entity must have a soulor at least an entelechy. In an opposite case, that entity would not be a real unity but just a phenomenon. No corporeal entity is indivisible and therefore not a substance. The paper aims at introducing Leibniz’s distinction between substances and phenomena and taking a closer look at the historical philosophical influences Leibniz experienced while developing his views of the corporeal world. Aristotle and Descartes will receive most of the attention, of course, as the concepts of ‘entelechy’ and ‘hylomorphism’ were introduced by the former, and the understanding of corporeal substance as determined by extension alone is part of the latter. The core of the original critique by Leibniz takes off from the properties of the continuum as well as the nature of shape, motion and extension. The case of continuum will receive special attention. It is analysed with the help of the novel approaches by Samuel Levey and Vassil Vidinsky. Leibniz was critical about our poor understanding of the continuum but his own interpretation of it was not fully consistent either. Although the new developments enable us to take a fresh look that has not been possible so far, the issue remains open for further study.

Irracjonalność jako argument przeciwko idealizmowi. Transcendentalizm Kanta i Husserla w świetle rozumienia irracjonalności Hartmanna

Author(s): Piotr Łaciak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

The article presents Kant’s and Husserl’s philosophies with reference to Hartmann’s understanding of irrationality. In Hartmann’s metaphysics of cognition, irrationality, which corresponds with partial unknowability of being, appears to be an argument against idealism that assumes a complete rationality of our knowledge and its object. In this article the author shows that it is possible to indicate similarities between Kant’s idea of the unknowability of the transcendental object, Husserl’s conception of the transcendental constitution of the world, and Hartmann’s concept of gnoseological irrationality. In Kant’s transcendentalism, irrationality implies an asymmetry between the conditions of the possibility of experience and the conditions of the possibility of the objects of experience, because the unknowability of a transcendental object and a thing in itself indicates that not all conditions of the objects are at the same time conditions of the possibility of experience. According to Husserl, transcendental subjectivity is not a sufficient reason for the world in its Dasein and Sosein, because the fact of the constitution of the world is an irrational one and it cannot be derived from the essence of subjectivity. The author tries to demonstrate that this analogy between Husserl and Hartmann, in the question of the irrationality, opens new interpretational possibilities for the relation between transcendental phenomenology and Hartmann’s philosophy.

Ndm – таксономия, обслужваща диадата „индивидуалност – личност“

Author(s): Sava Grozdev,Marga Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2016

The article presents an NDM taxonomy systemizing the pedagogical aims of the relationships in the dyad “Individuality – Personality”. These pedagogical aims lead to optimistic innovative processes defining learning as a manageable object linked with the development of the noospheric intellect. The focus is on two main learning environments (a thought-developing environment and a thought-mastering environment) because of the fact that the process of thinking lies in the heart of the optimal development of the treated dyad Individuality – Personality.

Divisible Atoms Are Not Atoms

Author(s): Stanislav Južnič / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The aim of the article is to help change the self-contradictory term ‘atom’. In this project, the support of modern Chinese scientists is expected. The contributions of Chinese to some researches in sciences are focused on finding out the preferences and most frequent stages of (European) paradigms involved in Chinese networks. Some predictions of future interests of Chinese sciences are provided. The Chinese holistic Confucian distrust in atoms is discussed as a possible new paradigm which could rename atoms as the destructible divisible entities of future physics, and with more difficulties also of chemistry.The word ‘atom’ meaning an indivisible not a compound entity is basically in contradiction with the characteristics of the item it is supposed to describe. The suffix ‘a (ἄ)’ provides a negation in Ancient Greek language. The suffix should be omitted to use tom (τομος) to manage the actual situation of a-toms (toms) as compound of elementary particles. In the late 19th century after the European Spring of Nations, two basically different concepts of atoms of chemists and physicists accomplished a kind of symbiosis. The suggestion is put forward that while indivisible atoms soon became contradictions in physics, they still retain some value in chemistry, which should be important for the panning strategy of attempt to change the name of atom.

Filozofia (według) Gombrowicza

Author(s): Marek Bernacki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 29/2017

The main subject of the article is a discussion of Witold Gombrowicz’s philosophical views, which were presented in the cycle of lectures delivered by him in Vence at the turn of April and May 1969, in the presence of his wife, Rita, and two of his friends: Iza Neyman and Dominic de Roux. In 1971 the lectures, written down by writer’s friends, were published in French as Guide de la philosophie en six heures un quarto (“Philosophy course in six hours and quarter of an hour”). Author of the article shows Gombrowicz’s predilection to existentialism and structuralism– two contemporary doctrines which, in his own opinion, the writer discovered himself as the first in Europe in his debut novel entitled Ferdydurke (1937). Philosophical course presented by Witold Gombrowicz two months before his own death, was compared in the end of the article to the message (main idea) of the late poem by Czeslaw Milosz entitled Vocative, written in the end of the 20th century. In this dramatic text the death was described as destructive, dull and unconscious power. Both, the Gombrowicz’s philosophical course, as well as Milosz’s late poem Vocative – can be interpreted as testimonial of heroic human intellect and soul in their uneven struggle against sickness and death, concluded author.

Илюстриктурата като некласически философски идиом: перспективи и проекции

Author(s): Kristian Enchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

In this text-experiment I will try to think in a new direction the proximity of illustricture with the figurology of Boyan Manchev. Illustricture is a dynamic mode of work of the introduced here concept figure-form (dynamized form), through which it becomes understandable why and how a figurative potentiality can evolve to a conceptual opportunity. Figurativеness can also be thought as one unlocking its own field of potentiality and self-actualizing forceful virtuality. The non-classical hypothesis of that experiment is: the being’s act of affirmation of linguistic meanings illustricturatively creates (unpredictable) essences, as long as it contains within itself repetitive structure charged with deviation.

Sprawozdanie z konferencji naukowej "Kryzys wartości?"

Author(s): Leszek Kopciuch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2017

Despre tetra-lemă. Însemnări fragmentare şi fugare

Author(s): Gorun MANOLESCU / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2018

Tetra-lemma with four truth values "true", "false", "true and false", "neither true nor false" appeared in Buddhist logic. Why is Tetra-lemma interesting forus? It is for its avatars, in some cases, in the context of Western epistemology. In these fugitive notes, without claiming completeness, we will focus on how Tetra-lemma slipped in some systems of Western philosophy.

Architectural Gestalt and some aspects of architectural thinking

Author(s): Gorun MANOLESCU / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

We are largely surrounded by increasingly complex technical systems. These systems often border on the absurd even though they rely on logical and physical reality. This is because they move away from the “logical efficiency”of natural forms. This text approaches some specific aspects of entities which are achieved by human beings,i.e. those connected to their “formative structure”.I emphasize that the aesthetics and the functions of such products are determined by the consonance between the formative structure and a natural structure, and I called this “architectural thinking”. As an example, I consider the well-known “golden number” found both in the human body and in artistic and technical products such as Parthenon.Two questions which thistext addresses are: What is a “formative structure”? How can the consonance, or harmony, between such structure and that of a “natural” one be approached?

Познавателна сила и не-способност за свобода – Кантови трихотомии

Author(s): Ivaylo Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The paper sketches out an approach to an analysis of Kant’s specific notion of ‘Kraft’ based on the influxionist model of his Critical metaphysics. The point of reference of all provided sets of textual evidence is the triple division of the predicament ‘possibility’ outlined by Kant for his course on anthropology. My aim is to provide a sufficient reason to claim that this distinction between Fähigkeit, Vermögen, and Kraft exemplifies Kant’s ‘suspicious divisions in pure philosophy’and thus can be regarded as a synthetic partitioning of his Critical project. For this reason, I also contend that through the dynamic trichotomy in question we could recognize the ‘keystone of the whole edifice’of Kant’s philosophy.

Hegel and the Speculative Course of Freedom

Author(s): Ivo Minkov / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

The main accent in the article is to show the perspective to understand the idea of freedom as a process, rather than condition. The course of freedom is speculative and the deepest form of Hegel’s philosophy. Moreover, it is the solid ground of the mighty systematic thought of the German philosopher. In the light of the highest category of Hegel’s logic – The Absolute Idea – the speculative idea of freedom obtains an ontological aspect completely different and even diametrically opposed to spontaneity.

Какъв е залогът във „Време и разказ“ на Пол Рикьор?

Author(s): Chavdar Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

The article is a critique of the language-time relation, characterized by Paul Ricoeur as: return and distanciation in regard to pre-narrativity; opening the logic of story toward historicity; engagement with the fictional. To the forefront is the question of delineation between epistemological and ontological problematics. To this end, first, the mediating role of reflexivity, differentiated on the basis of distanciation and textuality, is examined. Second, in the context of the conception for triple mimesis are distinguished: the function of imagination and ambiguous moments in Ricoeur’s strategy – inconsistency in his plan for processual historical thinking and respectively – a problem with the notion of ‘representing’ the past. The analysis continues with the complementary theme of a “projected world,” where the act of reading brings forth the phenomenon of time through a productive intersection. Here, via the juxtaposition between an emplotment, which is already in a cultural world, and the autonomous literary work, is outlined Ricoeur’s idea about a transition from semantics of action, through a trans-temporal imaginary world, to refiguration. In the next part of the research, an overview of the limits before a positive articulation of narrated time parallels the last possibility, allowed by the specific status of the thesis in Time and Narrative. The perspective of a double hermeneutical key: circularity of triple interpretations, on the one hand, and dialectic of distensio animi (St. Augustin) and discordant concordance (Aristotle), on the other hand, is explained in the conclusion. In this way Ricoeur saves a chance for going beyond the aporetics of time, but leaves behind the frame of philosophical investigation.

Призванието във философията на Хосе Ортега-и-Гасет – героизъм за всеки

Author(s): Miglena Marinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

Thе paper aims to explore the concept of “vocation” which is essential to the philosophy of Jose Ortega-y-Gasset, and lies at the heart of his perception of the authenticity of being. For this purpose, the study focuses on some of the most emblematic texts of the Spanish philosopher, as well as on some modern interpretations of the problem. The text attempts to answer a number of questions about the nature, origin and possibilities of realization of the vocation by binding the concept to the imagination, love and the idea of man as a being who chooses himself at any moment.

La nature historique de la construction sociale.

Author(s): Ádám Takács / Language(s): French Issue: 45-46/2018

The morality of naturalism

Author(s): Stiliyan Yotov / Language(s): English Issue: 45-46/2018

Peep Show: The Lamentations of Justyna Bargielska

Author(s): Adam Lipszyc / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The author analyses poems of Justyna Bargielska from her first three volumes of poetry as well as her prose debut. Discussing then theories of Melanie Klein and Hanna Segal, the work of Nicole Loraux on the place of the feminine mourning voice in the ancient Athens. political system, as well as Galit Hasan-Rokem.s book on the Midrashim to the Book of Lamentations, the author builds a conceptual framework which might be helpful in understanding the feminine forms of expressions of mourning. Against this background he tries to describe the ironic dirges found in Bargielska’s work, paying special attention to the dominant figure of ‘container’ which among other things seems to refer to the very poem itself, conceived as the space which is to contain loss.

Sentimental Education

Author(s): Grzegorz Grochowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Author of this text is trying to examine several examples of interaction between literature, other fields of discourse and social imagination. This review is focused mainly on French classicism and rationalism, nineteenth Century fiction and Darwinism, modern literature and so-called antihumanism and finally - some contemporary tendencies.