Geneza i rozwój naturalizmu naukowego w myśli Davida Raya Griffina

Author(s): Paweł Sokołowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2015

In this article shown the beginnings of scientific naturalism and its evolutionin thought of David Ray Griffin (these issues are widely presented inhis thought). Griffin specifies several types of naturalism: naturalismnati (meaningthat nature is everything that exists), naturalismns (meaning nonsupranaturalist)and naturalismsam (sensationist-atheist-materialist). In this context,Griffin assigns a specific task of theology. This task involves making clear a distinctionbetween naturalismns and naturalismsam. Theology should also indicatesa version of naturalism, that is compatible with Christian faith (Griffin,of course, has in mind naturalismppp).The article presents some critical remarks in relation to Griffin thought.Griffin directs his proposition to Protestant process theology, that grew upwith the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead (1861–1947), as well as hisfollower Charles Hartshorne (1897–2000). Further doubts are raised by theconcept of using naturalism in the synthesis of faith. We should also refer torejection of supranaturalismu as one of the conditions of naturalism. Moreover,Griffin is in favor of panentheism. And his intention goes much further.He would like to present the so-called naturalistic theism.

Fenomenologia jako nieskończona praca filozofowania

Author(s): Agnieszka Wesołowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXVII/2015

The main aim realized in this article is to present Husserl’s phenomenology as an indefinite work of philosophizing. This interpretation of classic phenomenology is a result of analyses connected with dogmatic and critical in Husserl’s philosophy. Considering the evolution of the Husserl’s thought, phenomenology can be understood as a never fully realized project, outlining a horizon of classic philosophical problems: epistemologic, metaphysical and ethical. Openness and criticism that characterize Husserl’s philosophy are connected with inner dynamism and the process of overestimating dogmatic and critical motives. In the light of the interpretation of phenomenology presented in the paper, Husserl’s project of philosophy can be taken as a never fully realized process of philosophizing.

Idea sprawiedliwości w myśli Karola Marksa

Author(s): Markus Lipowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: XXVI/2014

From the perspective of the history of ideas the output of Karl Marx poses a very difficult object of research. Though Marx himself made the issue of social justice a central aspect of his scientific praxis, the idea of “justice” itself seems to be paradoxically rather insignificant in his work. Nevertheless, no other philosophical conception has initiated such a number of social and political movements that eagerly tried to overcome the injustice of the capitalistic system and thereby radically change the fundamental processes of sociation. On the basis of the thoughts of non-Marxist Ralf Dahrendorf I will try to show that Marx’s conception of historical materialism itself contains two ideas of justice: first a “relative” idea of justice, which Marx criticized for being a functional superstructure of the capitalistic system – and the second is an “absolute” idea of justice, which Marx did not articulate directly but which can be understood on the basis of his work as a target of the social revolution. However, in Marx’s work this “absolute” idea of justice is not a utopian one, but it poses a materialistic potential of the capitalistic system that is still waiting for its realization.

Bogdana Suchodolskiego koncepcja uspołecznienia kultury a marksizm

Author(s): Florian Nowicki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 34/2015

This paper presents Bogdan Suchodolski’s (1903–1992) general programme of socialization of the culture and pedagogical programme of creation „the new man”. The main question is: is this conception a marxist’s „programme maximum”? And, if not, what’s the marxist’s „programme maximum” in the subject of culture (in the wider meaning), and what’s the main goal of the marxist’s pedagogics? Is it a programme of humanization of the work, or a programme of egalitarian „kingdom of freedom”, where everybody are an artists? What’s the role of pedagogics in preapering to future „kingdom of freedom”? Could be Suchodolski’s pedagogics usefull in this area? Although Suchodolski’s vision of culture based on optimistic presumptions according possibility of the future humanization of the work, one of the most important goal of his pedagogical programme is preapering to creativity activity during free time and popularization of non-instrumental style of life (also, non-instrumental attitude to the knowledge). The author tries to reconstruct of evolution of Suchodolski’s conception of the future, and suggests, that late Suchodolski modifies his old views on the possibility of radical dezalienation of the work.

INTRODUCCIÓN AL ANÁLISIS DE LA NOCIÓN PHILOSOPHIA PRIMA EN TOMÁS DE AQUINO Y SUS IMPLICANCIAS REGULATIVAS EN LAS CIENCIAS PARTICULARES

Author(s): José María Felipe Mendoza / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 1/2015

Both in his comments on the Sententiae of Peter Lombard and in his Summa Theologiae, Thomas Aquinas uses the term philosophia prima. Although it is not used by Aquinas frequently, this term marks the technical sense which links theologia and metaphysica as the first sciences with the second sciences, like physics. Against this background, this article attempts to clarify: (1) the need of first philosophy to exist, (2) the Thomistic position which claims that there is only one supreme science which, though possessing three names, has God as its only subiectum, and (3) the meaning of the term philosophia prima.

EN TORNO A LA “METAFÍSICA DEL ÉXODO”

Author(s): Silvana Filippi / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 2/2015

The article is a contribution to the academic study on the transformations undergone by the notion of being, as the object of metaphysics, in the history of philosophy. It is concerned with the expression “Metaphysics of Exodus” forged by Étienne Gilson to describe the impact exercised by the Biblical passage of the Exodus 3:14 on the understanding of being in the Middle Ages. Beside Gilson’s understanding of being, in the scope of the article’s objectives a special place is taken by the analysis of Martin Heidegger’s interpretation of being and Jan Aertsen’s argument against Gilson’s position.

ŚW. TOMASZA Z AKWINU CHARAKTERYSTYKA AKTÓW WOLI

Author(s): Hubert Wiśniewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article attempts to clarify an important aspect of St. Thomas Aquinas’s theory of human action, namely to show these acts of man which are immediately caused by the will. According to some contemporary philosophers, the acts of the will are limited to those of trying or of intending. Do they exhaust the whole possibility of the will to act? The author seeks to answer this question basing his considerations on the analysis of the Summa Theologiae by St. Thomas Aquinas.

THERE CANNOT BE GENUINE SENSATION WITHOUT A REAL SENSED THING

Author(s): Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

In this essay, Fr. Garrigou-Lagrange refutes Kantian and occasionalist notions of sensation that have been smuggled into Thomism and Catholic thought. He maintains that sensation by its very nature requires an object that is sensed, since sensation without a sensible object is no sensation at all. To defend this position, he draws upon Aristotle, St. Thomas, and the Thomistic Commentators, arguing that the opposite position not only denies the distinctions between hallucination and sensation, bodily vision and imaginary vision, but also ultimately denies that the metaphysical certitude of the first principles of reason are materially resolved in that which is sensed.

Czy filozofia i filozofowie są jeszcze komukolwiek potrzebni?

Author(s): Andrzej Leszek Zachariasz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2015

The thesis about the end of philosophy is actual. It is declared in the situation of pragmatization of culture and underestimation of philosophical knowledge. Human world seems to be dominated by practical technical, consumer or religious way of thinking. Islamic religious fundamentalism expands its influence. The very philosophical thinking participates in pragmatization. The resignation of meta-physics, epistemology and philosophy of first principles was defined within its framework on behalf of hermeneutics or the everyday philosophy. It offers to replace philosophy with poetry or exact sciences (cognitive science or sciences of communication). The philosophy is displaced from the educational programs not only in the schools, but also in the universities. In this situation the question of whether philosophy and philosophers are still needed, seems to be particularly justified. Тезис о конце философии актуален. Эта позиция провозглашается в атмосфере прагмати-зации культуры и усиления убеждения о непригодности философского знания. Кажется, что в мире человека стали преобладать техническое мышление и практическое потребительское, а также религиозное мышление. Исламский религиозный фундаментализм расширяет свое влияние. В прагматизации участвует сама философская мысль. Она же формулирует отказ от метафизики и эпистемологии, отказ от философии первых принципов, ради герменевтики или философии обыденности. Она также предлагает заменить философию поэзией или точными нау-ками (когнитивистикой, науками об общении). Философию вытесняют из образовательных программ не только средних школ, но и ВУЗ-ов. В такой ситуации вопрос о том, нужны ли еще кому-либо философия и философы, выглядит особенно целесообразным.

Философия как софия. К постдисциплинарному знанию

Author(s): Ilya Levyash / Language(s): Russian Issue: 15/2015

The author reflects the crisis situation of philosophical knowledge answering the following questions: why philosophy is no longer needed and what should be done to save it from this crisis? The answers require learning the sources, being and consequences of its traditionally known “shine” throughout its evolution as well as its subtle “poverty”.

Epoche Edmunda Husserla – hortus conclusus

Author(s): Cezary Mordka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2015

The author presents epoche as fundamental but unsuccessful way to reach perfect epistemology, and what follows it – the ultimate overcoming skepticism and relativism. Husserl considered his epoche to be the gate to phenomenology and probably the most important kind of transformation in the history of mankind. Unfortunately that transformation meets many difficulties, which the author discusses in the article. Those problems concern the right way of conducting epoche itself, vagueness of its effects, ambiguity of the Pure Consciousness and Transcendental Ego. Автор описывает epoche Э. Гуссерля как фундаментальное, но неудачное условие для достижения абсолютной теории познания, и что за этим следует – окончательного преодоления скептицизма или релятивизма. Гуссерль свою epoche считал вратами в феноменологию и неким видом личностного преображения, может быть, самого важного в истории человечества. К сожалению, это преображение сталкивается с множеством проблем, которые автор анализирует в статье. Это затруднения в связи с правильным проведением epoche, неясностью результатов такой процедуры, неясностью понятия чистого сознания и трансцендентного.

Polityka nie-polityczności – nieme zwierzęta i posthumanizm

Author(s): Mateusz Janik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

Posthumanistyka zwierzęcia, które ma język

Author(s): Mikołaj Ratajczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

Nie-ludzka wspólnota równych jako próba poszerzenia granic etyki

Author(s): Piotr Sadzik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

Zwrot posthumanistyczny a ontologia

Author(s): Joanna Bednarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2014

Simon József: Explicationes explicationum. Filozófi a, irodalom és egzegetika Enyedi György életművében. Budapest, 2015, Typotex, 367.

Author(s): Borbála Lovas / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2016

Wydarzenie w sztuce i polityce

Author(s): Margaret Tali,Thijs Witty / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2015

Inspiration of Baruch Spinoza's "Ethics" in the works of Edith Stein

Author(s): Barbara Kmiecik / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2012

Edith Stein passionately studied the thougths of philosophers of the previous times. She often cited specific concepts of the philosophers, quoted their texts and expressed her criticism. Although her work did not refer directly to the "Ethics" by Baruch Spinoza, this work undoubtedly was a source of inspiration for her. Spinoza influencend the scentific method she applied in her works. Just as him, she also took into her thougts the problem of substance, liberty, unity of the world, the entity of psycho-physical structures and the relevance of emotions and ethical education.

Heglowska koncepcja tragedii

Author(s): Artur Przybysławski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2014

Tekst przedstawia Heglowską koncepcję tragedii jako integralną część systemu filozoficznego niemieckiego filozofa. Tylko umieszczenie tragedii w planie dziejów ducha pozwala na właściwe ujęcie roli i znaczenia tragedii rozumianej jako etap w rządzonych dialektyką dziejach świadomości.

Metaforyczność źródła w myśli filozoficznej Józefa Tischnera

Author(s): Dobrosław Kot / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2016

Józef Tischner began his thinking from phenomenology. However, with time, other origins appeared: hermeneutics and the philosophy of encounter. All of them shaped his philosophy of drama, giving his thought a horizon with multiple origins. Each of these inspirations would seem very difficult to combine with the others. What makes them coherent? What are the relations between these origins? Perhaps somewhere deeper a kind of pre-origin can be found. I attempt to sketch Tischner’s journey to the origins to reveal that this pre-origin – man – needs this kind of complex system of origins.