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Jakub Bart-Ćišinski is considered to be the classical representative of “Sorbian literature”. This implies that he has the same function for the Upper and the Lower Sorbs. Since Bart-Ćišinski wrote exclusively in Upper Sorbian it is only legitimate to raise the question whether he is indeed the representative of “Sorbian literature” as a whole. The article analyses Bart-Ćišinski’s attitude towards the Sorbs as a whole and finds that he indeed stresses the unity of the Sorbian people, i.e. the Lower and the Upper Sorbs. This unity is also stressed with regard to Sorbian literature. A closer analysis reveals, however, that the main (sometimes almost exclusive) emphasis is placed upon Upper Sorbian literature. The perusal of different sources (poetry, journalistic publications, letters) allows for the conclusion that Bart-Ćišinski’s attitude to Lower Sorbian literature was highly critical. Furthermore, it seems that he did not pay enough attention to the differences between Lower and Upper Sorbian literature. A case apart is his relationship with the equally classic Lower Sorbian poet, Mato Kósyk, who was active at about the same time. There seems to have been a certain rivalry prompting Bart-Ćišinski to downplay Kósyk’s role in Sorbian literature.
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There is evidence of language contact in Lusatia between the Sorbian and German languages since the 6th Century. As a result a dialect form of German developed, New Lusatian, which remains today an essential part of everyday life for the inhabitants of Lusatia. A typical feature of New Lusatian is that it incorporates Sorbian elements into what was originally a German language structure, and it is also possible, using a linguistic perspective, to draw conclusions about the way in which Germans and Sorbs have lived together in Lusatia. The main interest here is to investigate how far and for what purposes German-language literature makes use of the Sorbian language, thereby playing a part in the continuation and development of New Lusatian. The following works act as examples and are examined to determine their specific respective connections with the vocabulary of Sorbian: Krabat by Otfried Preußler, Die Schwarze Mühle by Jurij Brězan, Der Laden, volume 1, by Erwin Strittmatter and the volume of poems Selbstredend selbzweit selbdritt by Róža Domašcyna. While Brězan to a large extent avoids Sorbian elements in his account of the Krabat myth, using it as a parable of the history of the German workers’ movement, Preußler makes active use of Sorbian words in order to paint a romantic-exotic backdrop against which the actual plot of the novel develops. Der Laden is also rich in elements from Sorbian and New Lusatian, which represent a world, which has almost disappeared, and bear witness to the desire of the modern-rational world to be reconciled with its archaic-passionate roots. Finally, Domašcyna distances herself from traditional Sorbian in her lyric poetry and consciously breaks the frequently rigid and unnecessarily complicated grammatical rules, which tend to hinder rather than promote the organic development of the Sorbian language and therefore ultimately its survival.
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The present study represents a continuation of the overview of the East Slovak Cyrillic manuscripts found in East Slovakia. The entire overview is meant ot provide description and characterization of the acquired fragments of song-books and of individual paraliturgical songs as well as hramotars (books of the deceased). This part is concerned with a handwritten book of Gospels from the 16* century as well as with Simeon Bileckyj's book of sermons dating from 1702 - 1704.
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The object of this descripton will be the connections of chosen verbs with abstract nouns, called the analitic verbo-nominal constractions: dat' moznosf, mai radosf, robif kontrolu, uviesf namietky . These constructions besides the formal-syntax conditioning have got the definite semantic characteristics. The semantic charecteristics concern conditions which noun and verb have to meet in order to be in a role of verbal component and adeguately nominał one. The given language materiał ilustrates that to the most used analitic structures belong the structures with following verbalizers: dat', mat', viesf, uviesf. The verb in a construction is gramatical center of analitic structure its properties, that means about the gramatical nominał component it rules. The nominał component as the proper bearing of lexical meaning decide not any about belonging to a given semantic area, activities, states and feelings.
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The present study focuses on the significance of biblical references in an early 18th century text and explains them as such as to represent an individual textual level of the work. The author's approach to the problem is contextual, historical and comparative. He tries to interpret the biblicisms in their biblical and historical context and thus to render them the original strength of expression. It would be useful to design a systematic method of investi¬gating biblical references which would help us a lot in understanding baroque texts. Also, the author tries to descern the two terms ,,biblism"and ,,biblicism".
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The authors investigate on a comparative basis the semantic content of verbs of motion in the Bulgarian and Slovák languages. For them, the Bulgarian language represents the starting point of comparison. So, the verbs xoda, e'bpea, muuaM, ÔRZCIM, xeitpua, nemu are compared to the respective verbs of motion in Slovák. The authors reveal similarities and dissimilarities in both languages and characterize them from the point of view of their semantic peculiarities as well as semantic context. Their analysis of the individual lexemes leans on the compre-hensive ontological-gnoseological approach of J. Dolník which they support by contextual approach, determining the meaning of words by their contextual relations. This kind of research can be conveniently applied in finding the optimal solutions in lexicographical treatment of a language, both in the form of an explicative dictionary or a bilingual translation dictionary.
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The goal of the present study is to find out in factitive verbs trie relationship between trie conceptual processing of external reality and trie linguistic figuration of it. Further, to investigate the area distribution of the figuration forms and to ascertain to which extent the mutual relations among these forms refer to the contact situation of both related and unrelated languages. The analysis of fifty world languages has shown that this section of reality is, in principle, conceptually processed in two ways. As far as the linguistic form is concerned, there can be discerned five language types of which each is internally coherent.
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The Slovák text of St. John Chrysostome's liturgy was published in 1998 with the Church approval by the Congregation for the Eastern Church. The translation was received by the scholarly slavist public also in this periodical in two articles - one was positive and the other contained negative evaluation. J. Pavlovič as a garant of the translation of the liturgy presents here his critique of a critique. The Byzantine-Slavonic Church in Slovakia uses mostly the St. John Chrysostome's Liturgy in its liturgical life. There are opinions that it should háve been translated from Greek (f.e. Š. Švagrovský). J. Pavlovič defenses the translation from Church Slavonic which he considers to be of cultural value to the local tradition and an expression of the rite and cultural identity as well. He contradicts some particular detailes of Š. Švagrovský's critique and reveals Švagrovský's professional noncompe-tence for such a critique.
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In this paper the author discusses the question of lexicographic processing of bilingual homonymous words. There are about 600 interlingual homonymous words in the Slovák and Croatian or Serbian language systems. The synsemantic words (prepositions, conjuctions) are highly frequented. Interlingual homonymy in Slávie languages is a source of negatíve language interference. In the sense of langue and parole it decreases competence and performan-ce as well as the language culture. Interlingual homonymy can also háve negatíve effects in foreign language acquisi-tion and translation. These facts demonstrate the need for a ereation of interelingual dictionaries in Slávie linguistics.
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The article focuses on the life vicissitudes of A. V. Isačensko who was one of the numerous Russian emigrees forced by the Bolshevik coup to look for a new home. It informs about Isačensko's študent years spent in Vienna, Paris and, for the most part, in Prague where the Prague Linguistic Circle was then being established and of which he became a member. The author takes a careful look at the contacts of this Russian linguist to the rapidly developing Slovák linguistics as well as at his personál, pedagogical and scholarly relationships. In 1941, he moved to Slovakia and thus his impact on the Slovák science became even stronger.
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The article concerns the issue of mystification and hoax in Czech culture. It demonstrates historical aspects of this phenomenon and, basing on the example of various cultural texts, shows that the mystification as a means of artistic expression is deeply rooted in Czech culture. Surrealistic and illogical themes that are characteristic for Czech humour are used by artists, especially filmmakers, in creating successive mystifications. The article examines films such as Oil Gobblers (1988), Year of Devil (2002), Czech Dream (2004), Jara Cimrman Lying, Sleeping (1983), in order to analyse the role of this phenomenon in both films that speak of mystification and the ones that are mystifications themselves.
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Turks have settled in “Dobruca” since the first period of the history and they named this geography. In spite of Roman’s and Bulgar’s culture policy, a lot of this names have lived still. Toponims is the concretized state of the nation. So, by reseaching the toponims in the “Dobruca”, It was studied to determine the tendencies of the Turk’s culture and opinion. At the same time, the result of this studing is important to provide compraring between toponims in the Anatolia and Dobruca.
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MARGINÁLIA В. КНАПЦОВА: Несколько основных стереотипов о России и русских на примере статей из словацкой,французской и английской печати............................................... 55 V. ŽEMBEROVÁ: Denník a encyklopédia alebo čas a ruská duša................................... 73 I. POSPÍŠIL: Milan Hrala osmdesátníkem ………........................................................... 79 I. POSPÍŠIL: Mezinárodní konference o dějinách slavistiky v Brně ………………..…. 83 I. POSPÍŠIL: Areálová studia a areálová vs. tradiční rusistika na III. kongresu českých slavistů …………………………….................................................................................. 85 I. POSPÍŠIL: Nově v slavistice a rusistice……………………………............................ 89
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After principal changes in the social paradigm, today´s Russia has found herself in a state of an ideological vacuum. Unlike other countries of the former Eastern bloc, the producers of the public discourse, naturally, were not in the position to build upon the definition and delimitation of the evils of Communism embodied by the Soviet Union. In these conditions, Russian Orthodox Church started to shape as one of the principal constituents of the collective identity. In a relatively short period of time, the once-demonized religion was established firmly as a stable part of the political and social life of Russia, and, last but not least, as a part of the complex construction of the collective identity meant to mould and knead the society. Integrate and symbolic potential of the Orthodox religion was reflected in all decisive political dimensions. On the level of the Russian media discourse of these days, however, we witness the negation of the model of harmonic coexistence of State and Church by means of irony. Attempting to “capture” Russian Orthodox Church, Russian media discourse (re-)produces culturally constructed conceptual metaphors which carry the reference to precedent phenomena – Vladimir Putin and Soviet leaders. The analysis of the conceptual metaphors placed on the level of abstract terms rather than language, is meant to contribute to revealing structures of thinking and to the final result of the discourse analysis.
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Dostajalo je da prođe nekoliko desetljeća, otkako je oko sredine XV. stoljeća progovorila novoobretena »crna umjetnost«, pa da se u kolu naprednijih naroda tadašnje Evrope nađu i Jugoslaveni sa svojim prvim štampanim knjigama. Bilo je to godine 1483., kad su hrvatski glagoljaši štampali na starocrkvenoslavenskom jeziku hrvatskoga tipa, a glagoljskim pismom, vrlo lijepo opremljeno prvo izdanje Misala po zakonu rimskoga dvora (Missale Romanum, paleoslavice modo croatice, glagol. char, 2o, ff 210, 2 col; ll. 36, rub. ac nig., cum init.). To je bila ujedno i prva knjiga, koja je štampana na tlu jugoslavenskih naroda, a isto je tako i tiskara u Kosinju, koja je tu knjigu štampala, na narodnom području jugoslavenskih naroda bila prva.
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Novija, kao i ranija, proučavanja evropskog i slovenskog romantizma uopšte i hrvatskog i srpskog napose ukazala su nam već, s jedne strane, na povezanost našeg romantizma s evropskim romantizmom i, s druge strane, na neke specifične crte svakog nacionalnog romantizma, pa i naših, jugoslovenskih romantizama u odnosu na ono što se opštim imenom naziva evropskim romantičarskim pokretom. Pri tome treba istaći da dok su raniji ispitivači (Murko, donekle i Skerlić) više ukazivali na povezanost slovenskih i južnoslovenskih romantizama s evropskim duhovnim i književnim strujanjima (Murko je, kao što znamo, prvi nazvao češku »patriotsku školu« u književnosti "češkim romantizmom«, dotle su noviji ispitivači (Paul van Tieghem, Barac, Živković, članci u Sborniku otvetov) više isticali nacionalnu specifičnost tog pokreta u slovenskim književnostima, navodeći zajedničke crte, ali, i još više, razlike između slovenskih i evropskih književnosti toga perioda.
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