Contemporary Challenges Facing Local Government

Author(s): Gabriela Nemtoi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The theme of this paper deals with the idea of leadership implementation in the public service as a challenge for the public administration system. Leadership plays an important role in the system of government because it involves two aspects of the required administrative reform, namely: change and people. Changing public institutions represents changing the mentalities and the behaviour of employees, which means that institutions passing through reform need leadership. The leaders of public institutions can help promote and maintain new values that are necessary for a successful public sector reform. To streamline the administrative reform, public leadership clearly includes the heads of central public administration and political leaders. In this regard, depending on the implemented programs, we can discuss about a successful reform in public administration or an organizational standstill. As a conclusion, this article will focus on several issues related to the implementation of leadership in the public service as a challenge for public institutions.

Place Product in the Promotion of Communes – the Case of the Milicz Carp and the Barycz Valley

Author(s): Kamil Glinka / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

The constant competitiveness for the interest of entrepreneurs, tourists, students makes that local government units put effort into creating their image. However, the limited capital and organizational resources make that these units initiate multilateral promotion actions. Preparing its offer they repeatedly use attractive place products. The main aim of the article is to answer the question whether, if so in what ways, the Milicz carp, treated as a place product, is used in the promotion of the Local Action Group “Partnership for the Barycz Valley” created by the eight com-munes of Lower Silesia and Wielkopolskie province. Especially while tak-ing into account two elements: first, the premises of the official strategic documents adopted within ‘the Barycz Valley’, second, the conducted in practice promotion actions. The use of two methods: content analysis and comparative analysis allows to state that the Milicz carp, against the goals in the given documents, plays a significant role in the promotion of the cooperating communes. Actions in the field of public relations have the greatest importance. On the other hand, the actions concerning the promotion of the Milicz carp do not accompany all the enterprises shap-ing the image of ‘the Barycz Valley’.

POLAND – EUROPEAN MODEL OF DECENTRALIZATION REFORM

Author(s): Irina Bilouseac / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

Poland, a country become free, like Romania, has joined the process of democratic transition, the first reform via decentralization has been developed since 1990 and could serve as a model in the implementation of the decentralization reform, establishing a true institutional and financial decentralization. What we propose in this article is to analyze the way administrative-territorial decentralization of Poland, a country that was governed through centralized communist systems similar to Romania, has performed in implementing decentralization and local autonomy in the governance process of the local public administration. The European experience indicates that in order to succeed in reforms in the field of decentralization and local autonomy, it is necessary to divide territory into independent administrative-territorial units, able to govern themselves and manage their own public affairs.

COMBINING OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES IN MEASURES OF DECENTRALIZATION IN UKRAINE

Author(s): Olga Dmytrivna CHEPEL / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

This article highlights the problems of communities united under decentralization in Ukraine. Decentralization is a key to effective territorial development and the path to democratization as well as real democracy. Therefore, Ukraine urgently needs to ensure communities to have the right credentials and be able to implement them in the transfer of responsibilities and resources to lower levels of public administration by the central government. In order to weaken the centralization of power through decentralization so it would not lead to growth of the arbitrariness of local officials and growing public dissatisfaction with the government. And so, the government should create a legal and financial framework that would assure the possibility of local governments united communities and so they can have their own funds and powers to effectively address local issues.

Savavališkų statybų padarinių šalinimo aspektai

Author(s): Kęstutis Vitkauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2016

Article seeks to reveal efficiency of both - legal reglamentation of construction process and activity of institutions carrying inspection of construction, dealing with elimination aspects of arbitrary constructions effects. Research reveals scale of arbitrary construction in Lithuania; discusses the question of legalization of unauthorized construction legitimacy. The article claims that the number of arbitrary construction can be determined by the subjective approach on legal requirements of individuals implementing construction, and ineffective legal regulation of construction process as well as irresponsible performance of institutions controlling constructions. According to research data, even though there has been a decline in the number of arbitrary constructions since 2010, when amandments to the law on construction were adoptted, however the number of resident's complaints on constructions implementation and supervision remains the same, the article concludes that in some cases legal regulation of construction process limits possibilities to defend public and private concerns, thus violating constitutional principles of justice and proportionality.

Vietos savivaldybių muziejų interneto svetainių išsivystymo Lietuvoje vertinimas

Author(s): Gintaras Žilinskas,Rūta Petrauskienė,Justina Darulytė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1/2016

During recent years websites of various Lithuanian museums have been developing rapidly. Therefore, evaluation of their quality is becoming very important. The aim of this article is to evaluate the development of museumsʼ websites in Lithuania via Website Quality Evaluation Method. They were rated after evaluating convenience, functionality, reliability and efficiency dimensions. The comparative analysis of websites' quality of urban and district local governments` museums was made and the factors which have impact on development of museumsʼ websites were identified. Results show that the majority of websites of Lithuaniaʼs local government museums are developed on a limited level. No essential differences were found between website development level of urban and district local governments` museums judging their convenience, functionality, reliability and efficiency dimensions. It should be noted that the mostly developed aspects are related with locating and spreading the information. On the other hand, aspects which are related with interaction and communication with visitors, social inclusion, and technical possibilities display the low level of websitesʼ development.

Project Management of Basic Infrastructure Projects

Author(s): Arnold Weiszenbacher / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Rural development represents a theme of interest, which preoccupies both the responsible institutions of the public administration, at a central and local level, as well as the Romanian society in its entirety, especially the rural communities from Romania. The current situation of services and infrastructure strongly affect the quality of life in the rural environment and constitute an obstacle for socio-economic development. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the management of projects concerning the restoration and development of basic physical infrastructure in the rural environment and to propose reccomandations regarding an integrated approach of investment objects, which are considered as sub-projects in the general economy of the integrated project.

The Europeanization of Public Administration through the General Principles of Good Administration

Author(s): Vasilica Negruţ / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2011

Abstract: The general objective of the paper is based on an extremely present theme of real interest. Using the content analysis, through a descriptive documentary research, the present study aims at identifying the dimensions of the general principles of good administration, in the context of changes at European an implicitly at national level. To this purpose, an analysis of the specific objectives will be made: the concept of good administration, the national dimensions of the right to be heard, the right to access personal files as well as the motivation of administrative acts and the general principles regulated by the European Code of Good Administration will be underlined, in the context of institutional change determined by the Lisbon Treaty. Good administration defines the way in which institutions function, this being possible by ensuring the right t o access information, a more efficient protection of fundamental rights as well as the right to defense, publication of acts and their motivation. Good administration is strongly connected to good government, the relation being in our opinion, from part to whole. The final purpose of good government and implicitly of good administration aims at accomplishing the general interest. The two concepts need a higher degree of transparency and responsibility in the public process. If governing represents the modal power, good government entails the imperative of the consensus of those governed regarding the objectives and methods of government, the responsibility of those governing, the efficiency of governing and the citizens’ right to be informed r egarding the use and the distribution of the financial resources in the governing process. This new concept takes into account the implication of the citizens in the decision - making process, allowing a more efficient use of material, human, and financial resources. We assert thus that by applying the general principles of good administration essential changes will be made, leading to the Europeanization of public administration.

SAMORZĄD GOSPODARCZY A SYSTEM DECENTRALIZACJI ADMINISTRACJI PUBLICZNEJ W POLSCE

Author(s): Rafał Kmieciak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

In studies of decentralization processes little is spoken of economic self-government, the role of which is to advocate the interests of the social environment of entrepreneurs. Since the beginning of the political transition in Poland an unproductive discussion has been ongoing concerning the place of economic self-government in the system of local government. Current legal regulations do not provide business chambers with the status of public legal unions. They tend to be based on the facultative nature of ties between entrepreneurs, which is the main cause of the weakness of Polish economic self-government, or rather the economic quasi-self-government. Undoubtedly, the lack of such structures in the sphere of public institutions is the main reason for their marginali-zation by the government and local authorities, which do not see the need to make any concessions for the distracted economic environment. Given this context, the most ra-tional solution seems to be the creation of universal economic self-government, which will be incorporated in the system of public institutions.

JEDNOSTKI SAMORZĄDU TERYTORIALNEGO – PODMIOTY WEWNĘTRZNE CZY ZEWNĘTRZNE POLITYK PUBLICZNYCH?

Author(s): Mateusz Jęczarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

This article presents, on the basis of the classification of actors of public policy presented by Suwaj and Wenclik, local government entities involved in the implemen-tation of public policies. Through examples of the functioning in practice, the image of the participants in local government is shown as “those that directly affect the shape of the (national) public policy, are directly involved in its creation”, a fact which results from belonging to the category of public administration. In turn, the remainder of the image is presented as local government entities “who are not directly involved in mak-ing decisions about the shape of public policy, although their opinions may be impor-tant in its shaping”. Such a view leads to the perception of municipalities, counties and provinces as entities “suspended” between the central authorities and the specific interests determined by local communities and the broadly understood local govern-ment sector.

ORIENTACJA RYNKOWA W DOBRYM WSPÓŁRZĄDZENIU MIASTEM W PERSPEKTYWIE URZĘDNIKÓW SAMORZĄDOWYCH

Author(s): Justyna Anders-Morawska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

The scope of the paper is to analyse the model of public governance by the application of the concept of market orientation. The author posits a new approach in resolving the problem of the assessment and evaluation of territorial government practices in the area of urban governance. The research was carried out in 8 large Polish cities and concentrated on the processes with regards to the improvement of the attractiveness of the city for external users such as: investors, tourists and potential students. The competitive nature of these processes as well as the necessity to take concerted actions with non-governmental and private partners set boundaries for a simultaneous analysis of market orientation on the one hand and collaborative governance on the other. The process of data collection comprised content analysis, in-depth interviews, an on-line survey and the mystery client method. Based on information acquired during research process the author assumes local administra-tion to follow a middle path between two models of public management: new public man-agement and new public governance with the aforementioned in the ascendency. The com-ponents of market orientation were visible in managerial practices of the cities concerned: public managers acknowledge the necessity to acquire intelligence with regard to users’ needs, undertake activities in order to coordinate efforts in the area of satisfying these needs, and attempts to monitor the results of these actions.

TURYSTYKA JAKO PRZEDMIOT PLANOWANIA STRATEGICZNEGO ADMINISTRACJI PUBLICZNEJ

Author(s): Andrzej Miszczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

POLITYKA W ZAKRESIE PODATKÓW SAMORZĄDOWYCH W LATACH 1991–2016

Author(s): Magdalena Miszczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

The establishment of local governments in 1990 was accompanied by a separation of taxes for municipalities from public revenues. Local taxes are fiscally inefficient due to their specific construction, which triggers a question whether state tax policy does not marginalise them. The article refers to the introduced changes, as well as to the conse-quences of a chosen tax structure. In order to answer the aforementioned question, an analysis of regulations devoted to reforms in the system of local taxation, and of the extensive data of figures for years 1991–2016 has been conducted. The research does not unambiguously confirm the thesis that the state policy marginalises local taxes.

NA DRODZE DO PUBLICZNEJ SŁUŻBY ZDROWIA. MEANDRY POLITYKI ZDROWOTNEJ DRUGIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ

Author(s): Paweł Grata / Language(s): Polish Issue: 03/2016

In the Second Republic of Poland health protection was insufficiently developed. There were very few doctors, nurses and hospitals. Only people who were insured or the wealthy had access to medical treatment. The majority of citizens, especially rural resi-dents, could not use health care. The health policy of the state was passive for many years. Changes appeared only in the mid-thirties. The aim of health policy was a public health service for all citizens. The authorities declared their support for this idea on a number of occasions and the parliament accepted the law of public health in June 1939. It was the basis for the construction of common access to healthcare in Poland. To achieve this aim, health centres were built and the compulsory medical practice for the doctors was introduced in villages. The beginning of the Second World War prevented the enforcement of this Act. However, the attempt to create a public health service made in the Second Republic of Poland was a proof of progress which has been made in state health policy.

МОТИВАЦИЯ НА СЛУЖИТЕЛИТЕ В ПУБЛИЧНАТА АДМИНИСТРАЦИЯ В БЪЛГАРИЯ

Author(s): Valentin Vassilev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2006

The motivation of public administration is a new problem. This material presents a new model of motivation in the area of public survents. A lot of theories give advances to the leaders in public sector how to motivate your personal, but some part of this theory is based on the practical orientation. Our model is based of the results of research on 466 public servents in 16 cities. This model will provide an orientation in future activities in management of motivation in public administration, that’s why each elements of our model is oriented in practical use.

POLITYKA INFORMACYJNA URZĘDÓW CENTRALNYCH W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE WYKORZYSTANIA INTERNETOWYCH KANAŁÓW PRZEKAZU INFORMACJI

Author(s): Michał Szczegielniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2016

The aim of this paper is to analyze the information policy of selected central offices on the Internet. In the first part of the article the author defines the nature of information policy. Then the author intends to verify the following thesis: the central offices do not conduct a sufficiently effective information policy. This is due to the lack of systematic action, improper preparation of the content of the messages and the inability to cater to the needs of people with disabilities. The author answers the following research questions: whether the actions taken by the audited offices are in line with a specified strategy or just perform ad hoc actions; whether the information provided is written in intelligible, understandable language and if it is accessible to people with disabilities. Particular attention will be given to the content available on the Internet, in particular on the websites of central offices.

POZYCJA PRAWNA SPIKERA IZBY GMIN

Author(s): Grzegorz Pastuszko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2016

The subject matter of this article is the institution of the Speaker in the British parliamentary system. All the remarks, set out in the article, focus on four major themes: 1) genesis of the office, 2) mechanism for election and the duration of the term of office, 3) impartiality and, 4) scope of the powers produced by legislation or created in parliamentary practice. As can be seen then, the concept of the article enables the contemporary institution of the Speaker to be portrayed including the historical background. It also enables the author to prove his main thesis, indicating that all the changes concerning this institution, which have been made over last couple of years, resulted neither in enhancing nor in weakening the parliamentary role of the Speaker as a neutral arbitrator between political parties in the UK parliament.

„БОРАУТ”– ПРЕДИЗВИКАТЕЛСТВА И РЕШЕНИЯ В ПУБЛИЧНАТА АДМИНИСТРАЦИЯ

Author(s): Valentin Vassilev,Olga Chorbadzhiiska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2009

Work in public administration sometimes requires a real organizational and individual selfsacrifice. The lack of research practice in regard to the negative and demotivating aspect of work process is a serious obstacle to the efficiency of motivating messages of the management body. The change of attitude to work and the “attack” against demotivation in the field of public administration can also be achieved through purposeful efforts for changing the behavior of the managing persons taking into consideration global studies and trends.

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА ВИРТУАЛНИ ЕКИПИ, ФАЗИ И РОЛЯТА НА МЕНИДЖЪРА ПРИ ОСЪЩЕСТВЯВАНЕТО НА ПРОЕКТА

Author(s): Meglena Mladenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2009

Markets change; worldwide new opportunities for resourcing arise; new technologies enable innovative business models. Today, companies need to be fast and flexible to gain or maintain a competitive edge. At the same time they need to effciently utilize their resources. These new challenges were partially unleashed by the advances in communication technology over the last 15 years. Data transfer rates became faster, and the costs for communication services decreased

The Current Status of the Local Self-Government Reform in Ukraine: Preliminary Conclusions and Outlook

Author(s): Oleg V. ROHOVENKO,Svitlana Zapara,Nina M. MELNIK,Ruslana I. Cramar / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2017

The article focuses on the peculiarities of the local self-government reform implementation on the new political and legal basis. In the early 90-ies, the first attempts to reorganize the local self-government systems proved to be insufficient since there was a simple integration of the overwhelming majority of the Soviet nomenclature into the new municipal structure, which had basically preserved the traditions of the Soviet school of administration. The local self-government reform provides for the decentralization and consolidation of the existing territorial communities, and their development. Consolidated territorial communities will receive a number of the functional authorities and ability to solve the existing local problems. This will be enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine and in many laws, and determine the new regulations for functioning the political power system. The main essence and content of the transformations related to decentralization should be the delimitation of the functions and authorities of the executive power and local self-governing authorities. Thus, there should be the provision of the key principles of forming the state policy on administrative-territorial units, which are based on the imperative of the interests of territorial communities, and should be institutionalized in the Basic Law or a special legislative act.This paper is intended to make a general review of the status of the local self-government reform in Ukraine with the aim of the full realization of the democratic principles of decentralization and public administration in the future.