End of an era - Three scenarios for the future
of Russia-West relations
Author(s): TONY VAN DER TOGT / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Understanding the future of relations between
Russia and the West depends largely on how the
war in Ukraine plays out. In this way, three possible
scenarios need to be examined: a Ukrainian victory,
a Russian victory, and a long, drawn-out stalemate.
What would be
the consequences of
a Russian collapse?
Author(s): Agnieszka Legucka / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
No one knows how the war in Ukraine will
end. However, Russia’s weakening position in
Ukraine may be an indication of something much
greater internally. Three scenarios outlined below
can help us understand what might be next for
Vladimir Putin and the Russian Federation.
After Ostpolitik - Perspectives for future relations
between Moscow and Berlin
Author(s): Jan Claas Behrends / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Any normalisation of relations with Russia will onlytake place once Moscow gives up its imperial ambitionsand pays for its crimes. There should be no notion ofa new policy towards the Kremlin without change at thetop and the complete removal of its threat to Europeansecurity. We cannot repeat the mistakes of 1991.
Author(s): Yevhen Magda / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
The Russo-Ukrainian War, which on February 24th2022 transitioned from a hybrid phase to full-scaleconventional war, is not only attracting the attention ofthe whole world. It also gives us reason to think about whatthe configuration of relations between the two states willbe after the end of the war – a war in which only oneof the states may have a chance to survive intact.
Russian and Rashism - Are Russian language and
literature really so great?
Author(s): Tomasz Dominik Kamusella / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
In the western media and capitals, voices canbe heard that what journalists report from Ukraineunder the relentless Russian onslaught should not beidentified with Russian language and culture. Why not?This callous attitude rightly offends Ukrainians, becauseit is none other than Russian soldiers and officers,educated and bred on “great Russian literature”, whokeep committing heinous crimes in Ukraine.
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Ukraine’s recent success on the battlefield hasencouraged discussion on potential changes to Russia’spolitical setup. While a new leader would be needed, morefundamental change would be required if the country is toembark on a path towards democracy. The key issue liesin Moscow’s relations with its periphery, an exploitativerelationship that has persisted for centuries.
Author(s): James C. Pearce / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: linguistics; war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Despite earlier mentions, it was not untilPeter the Great’s reign when “Little Russia” wasofficially co-opted and could be located on a map.The linguistic distinction of Great and Little Russia wasalso a key part of establishing a separate “Ukrainian”identity. By 1721, the distinctions between Rus’,Russia and all the “Russias” were confused.
Poland’s Ukrainian
refugee assistance
as a transformational experience
Author(s): Maciej Makulski / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Russia’s war in Ukraine has changed notonly Ukraine but also nearby countries due tothe massive influx of war refugees. Poland has becomethe major destination for people fleeing from thewar and hosts the highest number of those seekingshelter. What does this new Ukrainian diasporamean for Poland and what impact will it haveon Polish politics, demography and society?
Russia’s closure
of the Jewish Sochnut
agency reveals its true identity policy
Author(s): Vladyslav Faraponov / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
On July 27th 2022, the Russian ministry of justicesued the Russian branch of the Sochnut JewishAgency – an important non-profit which assists Jewish communities around the world. The recent repressionof this Jewish organisation seriously contradictsRussia’s own claims that Ukrainians are Nazis whodo not tolerate any other nations and cultures.
Author(s): Mariusz Maszkiewicz / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: De-Stalinisation;
Stalinisation – just like the system ofthe Third Reich – was a source of the greatest tragedyof Europe in the 20th century. It meant deprivation offreedom, forced labour camps (the Gulag), prosecutionand massive suffering of millions of people livingin Central and Eastern Europe. In its Sovietform, totalitarianism has Stalin’s face.
The whirlpool of Belgrade’s EuroPride - Russophilia and Russian influence in Serbia
Author(s): FILIP MIRILOVIĆ / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: EuroPride;
The EuroPride events in Belgrade and allthe marches against it became a mirror for all thedivisions in Serbian society: between democratic andauthoritarian currents, between the European Unionand Russia, and between the archetypal West and East.This renewed clash was driven not just by the rulingregime, but a level of Russian influence and Russophiliaseen rarely in any other European country.
What the past is for -
Polish-Ukrainian memory politics and Putin’s war
Author(s): Daniel Edison / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Despite contentious differences in memory, Polish-Ukrainian relations have remained close and notably strong in important national moments. This reflects two aspects of Polish society: a generation of youth acclimated to supporting Ukrainian sovereignty with compassion, and a national memory politics which allows humanitarianism, but only when it fits into a politically suitable narrative.
Belarusian political elites - New, imagined, lost?
Author(s): Maxim Rust / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
The reality in today’s Belarus is that of decreased enthusiasm and less social mobilisation. The ruling elite of the Lukashenka regime is still wielding power and a large part of the society that was active during the 2020 protests is now living abroad or imprisoned.
Author(s): Justyna Olędzka / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
In August 2020 the whole worldlearned that there are two “Belaruses”. One isthe utopian imaginary of “Lukashism” headed bya soft dictator, and the other is a dystopian, oppressive state in which the greatest enemy of power is a society fighting for their rights. From the term “the dictatorship of prosperity”, only “dictatorship” remained and “prosperity” was enjoyed only by members of the power elitewho show absolute loyalty to the leader.
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
The nature of the crisis in Belarus is the same as in other countries of the region, with the collapse of old Soviet structures in the economy, society, politics and ideology. Alyaksandr Lukashenka does not understand the urbanised modern society he is trying to rule. In order to re-establish control, his regime is trying to move the society backwards. Repressions will be extremely costly for Belarusian society, but Lukashenka’s goal is unlikely to be achieved.
Belarusian language and culture -
Is the patient more alive than dead?
Author(s): KATARZYNA BIELIAKOWA / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
One of the ways to save the Belarusian languageis to maintain courage in preserving and displaying the Belarusian identity. This includes pride in Belarusian history and language, which should be used especially in everyday life. Since it is nearly impossible todo this inside the country, perhaps the best place to start is within the Belarusian diaspora.
Neo-totalitarianism as a new political reality in Belarus
Author(s): Pawel Usov / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
The large shift that has taken place within Belarusian society has illustrated both a high demand for change and the loss of broad support for Alyaksandr Lukashenka. This has led the ruling elite to realise that the regime can no longer operate in the same conditions it had pre-2020. Serious restructuring was thus necessary to ensure that the regime maintains its overall control of the state and counters any form of anti-system civic activity.
Author(s): OLEKSANDR SHEVCHENKO / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
Despite being neighbours, the societies of Ukraineand Belarus know very little about each other. The Kremlin’s use of Belarusian land in its invasion of Ukraine suggests that this divide may persist into the future. However, it is clear that the two countries’ democratic populations will have great potential for cooperation in the years ahead.
Author(s): Andrzej Pukszto / Language(s): English
/ Issue: 06 (54)/2022
Keywords: war in Ukraine; Russian aggression against Ukraine;
With regards to Belarus, it is difficult to ask Lithuanians, or actually any other neighbouring society, about how they perceive Belarusians. The truth is that in this country we are dealing with two entities: the official Belarus and the Belarus of the opposition.
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