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Role of Attachment Patterns and Partner Support in Postpartum Depression

Author(s): Pelin Bintaş Zörer,Sedef Tulum Akbulut,Gülay Dirik / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Postpartum depression; psychological bonding; psychosocial support;

The birth of a baby, representing an important transition period in the lives of women, causes various changes and also brings about a great number of psychological problems in their lives. Postpartum depression is a highly prevalent disorder and previous research reveals that it is associated with several factors. Among these factors, the importance of partner relationship is especially highlighted and the variables that may affect this relationship negatively are one of the most important risk factors. There-fore, in this review article, the role of adult romantic attachment patterns and partner support in postpartum depression is evaluated in the light of the relevant literature.

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Sense of Coherence as a Predictor of Posttraumatic Growth

Author(s): Mahire Olcay Çam,Hacer Demirkol / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Trauma; posttraumatic growth;sense of coherence;

Although it is known that trauma can cause serious mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, it is also emphasized that it may cause a positive change in the individual for the last 25 years. This positive change is generally referred as ‘posttraumatic growth’. Recent studies related to posttrau-matic growth focus on the factors that can be affective on growth. Although there are very few studies conducted, sense of coherence is one of the most recent concepts in terms of its correleation with posttraumatic growth. The aim of this review was to discuss the effect of sense of coherence on post-traumatic growth with emphasis on current literature.

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Adventure Therapy

Author(s): Şule Baştemur / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: adventure therapy; therapy in nature; nature

The purpose of this study is to introduce the adventure therapy which emerges with the thought of using heling power of nature in the therapeutic context. In the study, information was given about the historical origins, aims, benefits, features and process of adventure therapy. It is also mentioned about who might be an adventure therapist or client, the limitations of adventure therapy and the research carried out in the field. Finally, suggestions have been made to strengthen adventure therapy in theory and practice.

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Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Skill Training: Areas of Use and Importance in Preventive Mental Health

Author(s): A. Meltem Üstündağ Budak,Ezgi Özeke Kocabaş / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Dialectical Behavior Therapy; DDT Skills Training

Dialectical Behavioral Therapy®, is one of the evidence based therapies and known as one of the third way behavior therapies. It is based on dialectical philosophy and within this notion treatment involves both change and acceptance. Therapy offers skills training as well as individual therapy. Dialectical behavioral therapy skill training involves four different modules: mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation and interpersonal effectiveness. One of the aims of this review is while providing general information regarding dialectical behavioral therapy and its skills set, review the research on modified application of the therapy and its skills training. This review also draws attention to the recent interest in using dialectical behavioral therapy skills training in preventive mental health.

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Psychological Pain

Author(s): Mehmet Emin Demirkol,Zeynep Namlı,Lut Tamam / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Depression, mental pain; psychache; psychological pain;suicide;

Psychological pain is a mental suffering process that can be caused by losses, traumas, unexpected negative situations, and unmet basic needs. Although it can accompany physical pain, psychological pain is independent of physical pain. Psychological pain is generally related to depressive disorder but it can be present in other psychiatric disorders and even in situations not identified as a disorder. It is considered as an important predictor of suicide. There is a correlated relationship between psychological pain and suicide. Activated pain pathways in the brain are similar in psychological and physical pain. There are some scales to assess psychological pain but studies are insufficient about this issue. By taking into consideration its relationship with suicide, psychological pain needs to be assessed in new studies in the future.

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Case Management in Psychiatry

Author(s): Mahire Olcay Çam,Derya Küliğ,Elif Deniz Kaçmaz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Psychiatry; case management; community mental health

Case management is a process in which all services are provided together and in coordinative to meet individuals’ various needs (treatment, social, accommodation, financial, resting, cultural needs). It is a caring method which takes into consideration the satisfaction of the patient and the caregivers and the cost, and provides management of medical concerns of the individuals in a holistic way. With case management, it is aimed to improve an individual’s problem-solving, professional and social skills, to increase leisure time activities and development of functionality with independence of the individual, and due to its this aspect, it has been reported to be an effective method for individuals with chronic mental diseases. In our country, however, the issue of case management is of vital importance in order to increase quality of care and reduce costs in community health centers where a holistic service model is practiced psychiatric treatment, in which psychiatric treatment, rehabilitation and inter-institutional coordination are conducted. Therefore, in this compilation, representation of definition, objectives, characteristics, types and information concerning its benefits in practice of case management is aimed.

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Executive Function Problems and Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder

Author(s): Uğur Savcı,Ali Evren Tufan,Yusuf Öztürk,Mehmet Akif Cansız / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder; executive function

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may seriously affect youth’s home, school, and social functioning. In recent years, hypotheses have been put forward that the underlying cause of ADHD is related to executive function impairments. As a consequence of these hypotheses, executive dysfunctions seen in ADHD were started to be evaluated through both performance-based measures and scales based on parents and teachers. There are many methods for assessing executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Also, there are several pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment approaches available in treatment of executive function problems among patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The aim of this article is to review the impact of executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its treatment.

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An Overlooked Group in the Psychosocial Care in Breast Cancer: Spouses

Author(s): Gülşah Yıldız,Duygu Hiçdurmaz / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: breast cancer; spouses; psychosocial care

Breast cancer directly affects women physically, psychologically and socially in the process of diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment, leads to the deterioration of psychosocial adaptation, and affects the family and social relations negatively. The family, which is an important source of support in the breast cancer process, can face the same psychosocial troubles with women. The results of the research show that the most preferred source of support in families is spouses and their quality of life is lower than the other family members.Psychosocial care which is biasedly solely canalized to women by the healthcare professionals often overlooked their spouses and leads to be received inadequate support by them. In this context with the awaring of the psychosocial problems spouses facing, it is important to include spouses to psychosocial care which healthcare professionals provide to women with breast cancer. In this article, it is aimed to raise awareness about psychosocial problems experienced by the spouses of breast cancer patients as a mostly neglected group and possible interventions.

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A Model Suggestion for the Recovery of Women Exposed to Violence: Tidal Model

Author(s): Mahire Olcay Çam,Emel Öztürk Turgut / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

Keywords: women; violence; model

Violence against women is an important healthcare problem. Noncontrollable increasing in violence and, healthcare politics that focus on rehabilitation services lay emphasis on fighting outcomes of violence. Although violent behaviors are similar, each woman's experience is unique so healthcare services must be individualized. Tidal Model is a recovery model in healthcare services that cares individualism. For this reason in this review the suitability of the tidal model was assessed in line with the question “Can violent women be given nursing care based on Tidal Model?”. Partner or domestic violence against to women was examined.

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Catatonia: Clinical Features and Treatment

Author(s): Ömer Asan / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: schizophrenia;catatonia;etiology;

Catatonia was first introduced by Karl Kahlbaum in 1874 and it is a syndrome characterized by motor, cognitive, affective and autonomic symptoms. As first, it was linked with just schizophrenia for many years but it is currently known that this disorder may occur with many psychiatric disorders and other medical conditions. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders that published in 2013, the subtypes of schizophrenia have been removed and the relationship between catatonia and schizophrenia which lasts over one hundred years ended. In this paper, we reviewed the literature about catatonia and aimed to look over its history, epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, prognosis and treatment through current knowledge.

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Mindfulness Therapies for Medically Unexplained Somatic Symptoms: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Sevcan Aktaş,Müge Gülen,Oya Mortan Sevi / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: mindfulness;somatic symptoms;

Mindfulness is a new therapeutic approach. Over the last years, it is found to be effective in treating many psychological and somatic symptoms. Somatic symptom disorder was characterized by chronic, recurring and clinically significant somatic symptoms. It is known that these symptoms cannot be fully explained by general medical condition and might significantly interfere with a person's general functioning. It is understood that some somatic symptoms which can not medically explained but thought having a psycho-somatic based are also provided from psychological treatments like somatic symptom disorder. Surprisingly, mindfulness-based intervention studies of somatic symptom disorder are especially focused on these medical conditions including chronic fatigue syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. To systematically review these studies, PsycINFO and PsycARTICLES databases were assessed.

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Psychosocial Interventions in the Treatment of Child and Adolescent Conduct Disorder

Author(s): Ayşegül Tonyalı,Zeynep Göker,Ozden Sukran Uneri / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: adolescent;conduct disorder;psychosocial intervention;

Since conduct disorder is a mental disturbance deteriorating not only children or adolescents’ functioning but both their close environment and even the whole society they live in, it is crucially important to be treated with effective interventions. There is mainly child, family and school-oriented interventions for childhood-onset conduct disorder and treatments of adolescent-onset conduct disorder include community and institutional practices in addition to adolescent, family and school-oriented interventions. Approaches to childhood-onset conduct disorder based on social learning theory, and interventions of adolescent-onset conduct disorder built on “needs, responsivity and risk principles” seem to be effective treatment modalities. Family-oriented approaches using concurrently either adolescent school-oriented interventions or society-oriented programs appear to be the most effective treatments for short-term and long-term outcomes. Adolescents with high risk and advanced age seem to have better progress with interventions whereas sexual offenders are less likely to benefit from treatment than the other conduct pathologies.

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Use of Social Networking Sites and Subjective Well-Being

Author(s): Leman Pınar Tosun / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: social network;well being;

The aim of this article is to review the empirical studies on the relationship between the social networking sites use and subjective well-being of its users. Firstly, it has been pointed out that the outcomes of social networking sites use depend on the type of usage (active or passive). Next, the studies attempting to explain why passive social networking sites use is related to reduced subjective well-being have been compiled, and specifically, the studies in which social comparisons and feeling of envy has been offered as an explanatory mechanism have been summarized. A need for researching about which emotions other than envy may potentially be triggered by the passive social networking sites use and how subjective well-being changes depending on those emotions has been brought forward. In addition, answers given to the questions of whether the relationships between the passive social networking sites use and the users’ emotions and subjective well-being depended on who have been contacted through social networking sites were sought.

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Treatment and Probation Practices in Combating Drug Addiction: Turkey, United States, Germany and Ireland Samples

Author(s): Sunay Fırat,Mehmet Aykut Erk / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: drug addiction;probation;treatment;

Probation in Turkey and in the world is different in giving a decision, determining the convict’s suitability to the process, content, and elements in the process, components in the content of the process and problems in the implementations. Due to these differences, treatment and probation measures in the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Ireland, which has a central administration system, and the probation system in our country have been compared. In order to contribute to the fields of education, improvement and supervision for individuals who have been treated for probation and probation measures for crimes such as drug use and possession in our country, the similarities, and differences of the practices of the countries have been examined.

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Group Psychotherapies in Eating Disorders

Author(s): F. Elif Ergüney Okumuş,Ezgi Deveci / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: group psychotherapy;eating disorders;

Eating disorders are one of the major psychiatric disorders that cause serious health problems. Although treatment methods are highly developed, the desired treatment level has not been reached yet. So, a full remission can only be achieved in half of the patients who applied for treatment. For a full recovery, a long-term treatment model which has been applied by a multidisciplinary team is recommended, but these treatments can be very costly. As in all psychological problems, it is very important to handle relational factors in the treatment of eating disorders and it is considered that if relational factors are the focus of interventions, it will enhance the effectiveness of treatment. This study examines how group psychotherapies are applied in different types of eating disorders, their theoretical origins, the focuses of practice and their effectiveness. In the light of the findings, it is understood that group psychotherapies are promising therapeutic options in terms of therapeutic efficacy and cost-effectiveness, which can be preferred for appropriate cases.

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Psychological First Aid: Objectives, Practicing, Vulnerable Groups and Ethical Rules to Follow

Author(s): Melis Demircioğlu,Zeynep Şeker,Ahmet Tamer Aker / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: psychological first aid;vulnerable group;psychoeducation;

Psychological first aid is an early psychosocial intervention approach which is applied during or after traumatic life events as disasters, accidents, terrorist attacks causing negative effects on individual and/or society. It focuses on determining basic physical and mental needs of individuals in major events. The main objectives of psychological first aid are giving psychoeducation about acute stress symptoms, supporting normalization of the process and stabilization, easing going back to normal life before the event, and protecting individuals from long term consequences of the traumatic event. In this review, the main objectives of psychological first aid, application process and research outcomes in different cultures are presented.

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Ecological System Model Approach to Self-Disclosure Process in Child Sexual Abuse

Author(s): Muhammet Cevher Tat,Ahu Öztürk / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: child sexual abuse;self-disclosure;ecological system;

The child has a potential of action initiated spontaneously and voluntarily which is also a precious tool against abuse: named self-disclosure. However, the disclosure of self is, in fact, a complex phenomenon related to a bunch of multileveled effects such as the child's developmental characteristics, family background and also the cultural and societal attitudes towards the child and children rights. The obstacles that cause child victims not to appear and recognized are even threatening the effectiveness of intervention strategies for dealing with sexual abuse. This paper aims to provide an in-depth elucidation of the aspects that influence the self-disclosure in child sexual abuse. To handle the relations of the main factors inclusively involved in child self-disclosure; the Ecological System Model of Urie Bronfenbrenner was utilized.

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An Eclectic Intervention Involving Systemic Intervention with Storytelling

Author(s): Gamze Mukba,İsmail Sanberk,Turan Akbaş / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: systemic intervention;storytelling;narrative therapy;

When the children experience trouble and traumatic situations, the existing stories may be disturbing for them. In therapeutic interventions structured with children, after carefully listening to the stories that the children have structured, it is possible to benefit from the stories of children and to support the creation of new stories that can offer various paths. Interventions in this direction highlight the use of the storytelling technique related to narrative therapy and the child's internal resources. It is recommended to use the storytelling technique and systemic interventions together when working with children. The purpose of this study is to present a proposal for an eclectic intervention involving the technique of storytelling and systemic intervention.

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Grief Support Programs Implemented to Reduce the Effects of Grief on Family

Author(s): Buket Şİmşek Arslan,Kadriye Buldukoğlu / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2019

Keywords: grief;grief intervention;family;

Death is inevitable for each individual. The grief emerged as a result of death is felt most intensive in the family. Losing one of family members causes significant changes in the balance of the family. It is very important that the family which tries to reconstruction is supported by evaluating the life cycle, values and belief systems, the role of the lost individual in the family, ties with family members, and the level of functionality of the family. For this aim, different support programs are implemented for grieving families. The main aim of these programs is to ensure that the family members overcome in a healthy way during the grieving process. In this context, this review examines grief effects on family and provides examples from family support programs during the grief process.

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Post-stroke Neuropsychiatric Problems

Author(s): Ali Görkem Gençer,Çiçek Hocaoğlu / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2019

Keywords: stroke; clinical assessment; treatment; neuropsychiatry;

Stroke is the most frequent and significant reason of disability in society. The underlying basic pathophysiological mechanisms of stroke are infarct and hemorrhage. A total of 20% patients that had a stroke became dependent. Dementia, depression, anxiety disorder, mania, psychosis, pathological emotions, apathy and catastrophic reactions constitute challenging clinical presentations that occur after stroke. In this review, current data about epidemiology, etiology, clinic and treatment of psychopathologies that occur in poststroke period will be discussed.

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